Lewis J Stacey, Frederic V Valla, Chao Huang, Paul Comfort, Corinne Jotterand Chaparro, Lynne Latten, Lyvonne N Tume
{"title":"The relationship between muscle mass changes and protein or energy intake in critically ill children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Lewis J Stacey, Frederic V Valla, Chao Huang, Paul Comfort, Corinne Jotterand Chaparro, Lynne Latten, Lyvonne N Tume","doi":"10.1002/jpen.2715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Survivorship after pediatric critical illness is high in developed countries, but many suffer physical morbidities afterwards. The increasing focus on follow-up after critical illness has led to more pediatric studies reporting muscle mass changes (using ultrasound), albeit with different results. A systematic literature review was undertaken examining muscle mass changes, assessed by ultrasound of the quadriceps femoris muscle in children who are critically ill. Secondary objectives were to determine if muscle mass was associated with protein intake and/or energy. Databases were searched in July 2024. Eligible experimental or observational studies, published from January 2010 to July 2024 and including children who are critically ill that were aged between ≥37 weeks' gestational age and 18 years who were admitted to the pediatric critical care unit were included. The Joanna Briggs Institute for observational studies critical appraisal instrument was used to assess studies for methodological quality. One hundred and thirty-five studies were screened, and eight prospective cohort studies were included, involving 411 children. Overall, muscle mass changes reported in seven out of eight of the papers showed a pooled mean muscle mass loss of 8.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.6-11.4) from baseline to days 5-7. Five of the eight publications defined muscular atrophy as a decrease in muscle mass of >10%. Using this cutoff, 92 (49.2%) children developed muscular atrophy during their PICU admission. Overall, muscle mass decreased by nearly 10% during a child's first week in PICU, with almost half of children developing muscular atrophy during their admission.</p>","PeriodicalId":16668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeffrey L Roberson, Jesse E Passman, Marianne Aloupis, Yessenia Caballero-Tilleria, Anthony Audia, Melissa R Ramirez, Patricia Martinez Quinones, Patrick Kim, Elinore J Kaufman, Catherine E Sharoky
{"title":"Association between a 6-h feeding protocol and postprocedure hospital length of stay following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in hospitalized adults: A before-and-after cohort study.","authors":"Jeffrey L Roberson, Jesse E Passman, Marianne Aloupis, Yessenia Caballero-Tilleria, Anthony Audia, Melissa R Ramirez, Patricia Martinez Quinones, Patrick Kim, Elinore J Kaufman, Catherine E Sharoky","doi":"10.1002/jpen.2718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tolerance of enteral nutrition following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is a barrier to discharge. This study investigated the impact of an expedited feeding protocol following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy on postprocedure length of stay (LOS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a before-and-after cohort study on hospitalized adults in whom percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was placed by surgeons following the implementation of a standardized feeding protocol in which enteral feeds were resumed at the preoperative rate 6 h later.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Enteral feeding resumed within 6 h postoperatively in 93% of patients after protocol initiation. The mean ± SD time to the goal enteral rate after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was significantly shorter following protocol implementation (15 ± 10 vs 50 ± 26 h, P ≤ 0.0001). Compared with the preprotocol cohort, there was no change in postoperative aspiration at 1 week (6% vs 4%, P = 0.531) or rates of tube dislodgement (10% vs 9%, P = 0.89), return to the operating room (10% vs 6%, P = 0.36), and surgical-site infection (9% vs 8%, P = 0.92) at 1 month in the protocol implementation cohort. On multivariable regression, an expedited feeding protocol generated a significantly shorter postprocedure LOS for patients remaining in the hospital for ≤1 week (β = -2.14, 95% CI, -2.98 to -1.30; P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An expedited feeding protocol following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement had a high degree of provider uptake without any significant change in safety outcomes. Beginning enteral nutrition within 6 h postoperatively at the preoperative rate reduced LOS by >2 days, suggesting that these protocols can address common delays to discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":16668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Massimiliano Povero, Kathleen M Gura, Muralidhar H Premkumar, Lorenzo Pradelli, Mark Puder, Kara L Calkins
{"title":"Fish oil lipid emulsion compared with soybean oil lipid emulsion in pediatric patients with parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis: A cost-effectiveness study.","authors":"Massimiliano Povero, Kathleen M Gura, Muralidhar H Premkumar, Lorenzo Pradelli, Mark Puder, Kara L Calkins","doi":"10.1002/jpen.2713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Evidence indicates that, in pediatric patients with parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC), the use of a 100% fish oil lipid emulsion (FOLE) increased the likelihood of PNAC resolution and reduced the likelihood of liver transplantation compared with a 100% soybean oil lipid emulsion (SOLE). To evaluate the potential economic benefit, we conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing FOLE with SOLE.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A discrete event simulation model evaluated cost-effectiveness by simulating clinical outcomes and estimating associated healthcare costs in pediatric patients with PNAC receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) with FOLE (1 g/kg) or SOLE (1.9 g/kg) over a time horizon of 6 years. Model inputs for clinical outcomes were derived from the integrated analysis of two US Phase 3 trials (NCT00910104 and NCT00738101). Cost estimates were estimated from the perspective of the US payer including the cost of PN, transplantation, and adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total cost associated with FOLE was $69,847 USD vs $141,605 USD for SOLE. The cost reduction of $71,757 USD was attributable to the avoidance of liver transplantation (-15.7%) and reduction in adverse events (-4.8%). Life-years and the quality-adjusted life-years were increased with FOLE compared with SOLE (by 0.248 and 0.295, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By reducing the need for liver transplant and providing time to transition to full enteral nutrition, FOLE leads to cost-savings, compared with SOLE, in pediatric patients with PNAC in the perspective of the US payer. These findings support the use of FOLE in pediatric patients with PNAC who require PN.</p>","PeriodicalId":16668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizabeth Viner Smith, Kylie Lange, Sandra Peake, Marianne J Chapman, Emma J Ridley, Christopher K Rayner, Lee-Anne S Chapple
{"title":"Nutrition provision over time in longer stay critically ill patients: A post hoc analysis of The Augmented vs Routine Approach to Giving Energy Trial.","authors":"Elizabeth Viner Smith, Kylie Lange, Sandra Peake, Marianne J Chapman, Emma J Ridley, Christopher K Rayner, Lee-Anne S Chapple","doi":"10.1002/jpen.2717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Limited literature exists on nutrition practices for long-stay patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). We aimed to compare nutrition practices in the first and second weeks of an ICU admission.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A post hoc exploratory analysis of The Augmented vs Routine Approach to Giving Energy Trial (TARGET) randomized controlled trial (RCT) was undertaken. Inclusion criteria were: enrolled in TARGET on day 1 or 2 of ICU admission and ICU length of stay (LOS) >14 days. Clinical characteristics are described, and nutrition delivery and management compared between days 1-7 and 8-14. Data are n (%), mean ± SD, median (interquartile range [IQR]), or mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI), with P < 0.05 considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 664 patients were analyzed (56.2 ± 16.3 years; 61% male; body mass index 29.2 ± 7.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup> and APACHE II 21.9 ± 8.1). When comparing days 1-7 to 8-14: (1) energy delivery was greater (all sources: 1826 ± 603 vs 1729 ± 689 (MD: 97 [95% CI: 52-140] kcal/day, P < 0.001) and nonnutrition sources: 317 ± 230 vs 192 ± 197 (MD 125 [95% CI: 111-139] kcal/day; P < 0.001); (2) protein delivery was similar (66 ± 20 vs 68 ± 24 (MD: -1.4 [95% CI: -3.2 to 0.4] g/day; P = 0.125]); and (3) fewer patients received parenteral nutrition (PN) (5% vs 9%, P < 0.001) or small intestine feeding (3% vs 8%; P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this post hoc analysis, patients with an ICU LOS >14 days had greater energy delivery and fewer patients received PN or small intestine feeding during days 1-7 than days 8-14. Uncertainty remains regarding whether these data reflect usual practice and the clinical implications of this.</p>","PeriodicalId":16668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deniz Yaprak, Mina Mısırlıgil, Nüket Ünsal, Necati Balamtekin, Belma Saygılı Karagöl, Ebru Dumlupınar
{"title":"Association between timing of maternal energy consumption and adiposity in breastfeeding infants: A prospective cohort study.","authors":"Deniz Yaprak, Mina Mısırlıgil, Nüket Ünsal, Necati Balamtekin, Belma Saygılı Karagöl, Ebru Dumlupınar","doi":"10.1002/jpen.2714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lactating women's food intake timing may play a critical role in maternal and infant nutrition health. We aimed to examine associations of breastfeeding mothers' diet quantity and circadian timing of food intake with subsequent weight status of exclusively breastfed infants over a 6-month period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study comprised pairs of healthy singleton breastfed infants and their corresponding healthy lactating mothers. Reported food intake times and diet content were used to define maternal eating patterns infant body mass index-for-age z scores (BAZs) at birth, 2 and 6 months. Association of maternal eating pattern with alterations in infant BAZ gain and nutritional status at age 6 months were investigated in multiple regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with maternal daytime eating, maternal nighttime eating was linked to a greater increase in infantile BAZ from ages 2 to 6 months (adjusted β = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.05-0.92; P = 0.03) and a heightened likelihood of being overweight at age 6 months (adjusted odds ratio = 3.81; 95% CI, 1.41-6.63; P = 0.01) after adjusting for factors including maternal age, education level, household income, parity, pregestational body mass index, BAZ at 2 months, total daily energy consumption, and the percentages of energy derived from macronutrients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Disruption of rhythmic physiology from irregular eating habits can lead to circadian misalignment, which may result in abnormal weight gain in infants and an increased likelihood of being overweight in the early postnatal period. Circadian alignment is fundamental for regulating women-infant dyads health.</p>","PeriodicalId":16668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hadar Moran-Lev, Samuel A Kocoshis, Isabel Córdova Amador, Mariah Mukasa, Stephanie B Oliveira, Michael Helmrath, Conrad R Cole
{"title":"Factors associated with accelerated parenteral weaning in children with intestinal failure: A descriptive cohort study.","authors":"Hadar Moran-Lev, Samuel A Kocoshis, Isabel Córdova Amador, Mariah Mukasa, Stephanie B Oliveira, Michael Helmrath, Conrad R Cole","doi":"10.1002/jpen.2711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The goal of intestinal rehabilitation in children is to wean from parenteral nutrition (PN). The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with accelerated weaning and to evaluate long-term outcomes of children receiving long-term PN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study of children managed by the Intestinal Rehabilitation Center at Cincinnati Children's Hospital. Medical history data were retrieved. The outcomes of children receiving long-term chronic PN (>2 years) were compared with those of children receiving short-term chronic PN regimen (<2 years).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort consisted of 112 children (58% boys, median [IQR] age of 6.0 [3.7-9.5] years). The group treated with a long-term PN regimen had significantly shorter residual small bowel and large bowel compared with the group treated with a short-term PN regimen (20% vs 60% and 75% vs 100%, respectively; P < 0.05). The lapse of time between PN and enteral feed initiation was longer in the group undergoing long-term PN regimen than in the short-term group (71 vs 32.5 days; P = 0.012). More episodes of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) and a higher percentage of feeding aversion was demonstrated in the long-term PN group (2 [1-3] vs 1 [0-2] episodes and 36% vs 0%, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Small bowel, colon length, enteral feed initiation, and frequency of CLABSI are factors associated with duration of PN regimen. A long-term chronic PN regimen is associated with a higher risk of food aversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":16668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sergio Henrique Loss, Klara Muller Alves, Aline Camargo Nunes, Joel Stefani, Giovanna Peres Loureiro, Adriana Píscopo, Luciana Verçoza Viana
{"title":"Hunger and the transition from parenteral nutrition in hospitalized adults: A descriptive cohort study.","authors":"Sergio Henrique Loss, Klara Muller Alves, Aline Camargo Nunes, Joel Stefani, Giovanna Peres Loureiro, Adriana Píscopo, Luciana Verçoza Viana","doi":"10.1002/jpen.2710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parenteral nutrition (PN) provides nutrition to patients who cannot use the digestive tract. Some patients experience delayed appetite recovery after PN, but the factors contributing to this remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether hospitalized patients receiving PN experience reduced hunger or appetite.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cohort study was conducted on adults who underwent PN between April 2022 and July 2023. Data on patient characteristics and nutritional support were collected from medical records. Hunger and satiety were assessed using a validated tool during three phases: clinical stability with calorie-protein targets on PN, transition to oral/enteral feeding, and PN withdrawal. The primary outcome was the absence of hunger assessed by the tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 231 screened patients, 102 were included. Among these, 62.7% reported hunger during PN. Lipid doses and energy reduction strategies did not affect hunger or satiety. Transition success to oral/enteral nutrition was 2.38 times higher in patients who experienced hunger compared to those who did not (95% CI: 1.59-3.54). Poisson regression identified higher age, inflammation, and metastatic cancer as independent factors associated with the absence of hunger.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that PN does not suppress hunger and that factors other than nutritional therapy (age, inflammation, and cancer) could explain the absence of appetite. Considering individual conditions and needs, these findings could guide decision-making strategies regarding the transition from PN to oral/enteral feeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":16668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"JPEN Journal Club 89. Signal-finding studies.","authors":"Ronald L Koretz","doi":"10.1002/jpen.2709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2709","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Associations between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and fractional exhaled nitric oxide among United States adults: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yinghong Wang, Xiaolian Song, Min Tan","doi":"10.1002/jpen.2708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNo) is a convenient and noninvasive test that measures the concentration of nitric oxide in exhalation as a surrogate biomarker of airway inflammation. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the associations between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and FeNo in US adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults participating in the 2007-2012 cycles of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with complete information and available measurement data of DII and FeNo were included. Associations between DII and FeNo were assessed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline analysis, stratified analysis, and sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 7677 participants (mean age 45.68 years, 53.03% men) with a mean DII of 1.28 and FeNo of 17.33 ppb were included. The multivariable-adjusted linear regression analysis showed that a one-unit increase in DII was associated with a 0.283-ppb reduction in FeNo level. The beta and 95% CI for the second, third, and fourth DII quartile groups were -1.19 (-2.04 to -0.35), -1.07 (-2.26 to 0.12), and -1.60 (-2.85 to -0.36), respectively (P for trend = 0.04), with the lowest quartile group as the reference. The restricted cubic spline curve showed an inversely linear relationship between DII and FeNo. The study result is robust and did not appear to be affected by the participant's age, sex, race, body mass index, physical activity, diabetes status, or white blood cell or eosinophil counts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A proinflammatory diet, as indicated by a higher DII, is cross-sectionally associated with lower FeNo levels in US adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":16668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marion Winkler, Kelly A Tappenden, M Molly McMahon, Michelle Spangenburg, Charlene Compher
{"title":"The ASPEN Rhoads Research Foundation: Supporting and advancing clinical nutrition research.","authors":"Marion Winkler, Kelly A Tappenden, M Molly McMahon, Michelle Spangenburg, Charlene Compher","doi":"10.1002/jpen.2707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The vision of the ASPEN Rhoads Research Foundation is to promote innovation and research discovery to improve nutrition care and health. The Foundation was launched in 1993, incorporated in 2002, and established as a nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization in 2007. On the occasion of American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN)'s 50th anniversary, this article examines the creation of the Foundation, the state of clinical nutrition research funding, the Foundation's philanthropic mission, and the return on investment of Foundation grant support. To date, 114 investigators have received 2.78 million dollars in funding. The article examines the success of ASPEN research programs and Foundation grant support in career development, leadership, and mentorship. It is important to document a historical account of the ASPEN Rhoads Research Foundation and encourage innovation and discovery and ongoing financial support.</p>","PeriodicalId":16668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}