Journal of Parasitology Research最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiology of Intestinal Parasitic Infections Among Sengota Primary Schoolchildren in Dendi District, West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia.","authors":"Teka Tolera, Damtew Bekele, Tilahun Yohanes, Solomon Tesfaye","doi":"10.1155/japr/4066213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/japr/4066213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) continue to pose serious public health issues in developing countries, including Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of IPIs and associated risk factors among children at Sengota Primary School in the Dendi District, Oromia Region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from October to November 2020. Sociodemographic data and potential risk factors for the occurrence of IPIs were collected using a structured, pretested questionnaire. Stool samples were gathered to detect parasites and examined using direct wet mount and formol-ethyl acetate concentration methods. Data analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software, Version 20.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites among children in the study area was 25.5% (103/404) with 95% CI (21.0%-29.5%). The prevalence rates for protozoa, helminths, and polyparasitism were 14.1% (57/404), 8.2% (33/404), and 3.2% (13/404), respectively. The most prevalent protozoan parasites were <i>Giardia duodenalis,</i> affecting 11.1% (45/404), whereas the prevailing helminth was <i>Ascaris lumbricoides,</i> accounting for 5.0% (20/404). Washing hands sometimes before meals and after defecations (adjusted odds ratio, AOR: 11.148, 95% CI = 4.666, 26.071), never wash hands before meals and after defecations (AOR: 9.290, 95% CI = 0.611-141.321), using river water for drinking purposes (AOR = 7.298, 95% CI = 2.076-25.595), the use of groundwater as a source of drinking purposes (AOR = 28.866, 95% CI = 8.288-100.538), defecating in open field (AOR: 37.306, 95% CI = 4.534-306.930) were significantly associated with IPIs in the present study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study findings indicate that IPIs are common among children at Sengota Primary School. Contributing factors include poor hygiene practices, limited access to safe drinking water, and insufficient latrine facilities. To effectively reduce the incidence of these infections, it is essential to enhance public health initiatives and establish regular deworming programs in schools.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4066213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13051849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147633519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parasitic Infections of Freshwater Fish in Kenya: Prevalence Patterns, Ecological Drivers, and Implications for Aquaculture Sustainability.","authors":"Robert M Waruiru, Finnan O Ageng O, Daniel W Wanja, Joseph W Murugami, Kezia W Maina, Steven K Mavuti, Patrick W Kamundia, Charles M Gichohi, Jacob M Wainaina, Mercy M Hamisi, Otieno K Oginga, Philip N Nyaga, Paul G Mbuthia","doi":"10.1155/japr/4352940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/japr/4352940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fish parasitic infections present a growing threat to freshwater aquaculture in Kenya, affecting fish health, reducing productivity, and limiting the economic potential of small-scale and commercial farms. This review provides the first consolidated national checklist of freshwater fish parasites in Kenya, synthesizing evidence from lakes, rivers, and aquaculture systems across multiple counties. By integrating data from diverse host species and production environments, it establishes a comprehensive baseline on parasite diversity, host range, and geographic distribution that has previously been fragmented across isolated studies. Studies were identified through a structured search of scientific databases. The review highlights the widespread occurrence of parasitic infections in economically important species, such as <i>Oreochromis</i>, <i>Clarias</i>, <i>Lates</i>, <i>Haplochromis</i>, <i>Barbus</i>, and <i>Cyprinus</i>. Parasites identified included ectoparasites, a haemoparasite, helminths, and an acanthocephalan. Helminths, especially digenean trematodes, were the most commonly reported. Infection prevalence varied across production systems, with higher diversity and burden in earthen ponds and natural lakes compared with lined or concrete ponds. The most frequently encountered genera were <i>Gyrodactylus</i>, <i>Diplostomum</i>, <i>Contracaecum</i>, and <i>Proteocephalus</i>, affecting both wild and cultured fish populations. Risk factors influencing parasite prevalence were linked to environmental conditions and farm management practices. Poor water quality, overstocking, reuse of contaminated nets, retention of pond bottom sediments after harvest, and use of untreated livestock manure were frequently associated with increased infections. Ecological factors such as the presence of wild birds and aquatic snails were also implicated in sustaining transmission cycles. Seasonal flooding further contributed to parasite dispersal in some regions. The review underscores the need for integrated parasite management strategies. This includes routine monitoring using advanced diagnostics, improved biosecurity practices at farm level, targeted training of farmers and extension workers, and reduced dependence on high-risk inputs such as raw manure. Public awareness on zoonotic risks of fish-borne parasites should also be strengthened. Investing in research to explore vaccine development and the role of environmental drivers in parasite ecology will be essential in safeguarding the sustainability of Kenya's freshwater aquaculture sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4352940"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13045279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147622897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leishmaniasis in Morocco: Epidemiology, Transmission Dynamics, and the Potential of Artificial Intelligence for Disease Management.","authors":"Chaymaa Harkat, Denis Sereno, Abdelmohcine Aimrane, Moulay Abdelmonaim Hidan, Mohamed Yamani, Kholoud Kahime","doi":"10.1155/japr/4929266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/japr/4929266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leishmaniases are neglected tropical diseases caused by <i>Leishmania</i> parasites and transmitted by infected phlebotomine sand flies, and they remain a major public health challenge in Morocco. The burden is dominated by cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL), mainly associated with <i>Leishmania major</i>, <i>Leishmania tropica</i>, and <i>L. infantum</i>. Despite long-standing national control efforts aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals and the national ambition to eliminate leishmaniasis as a public health problem by 2030, transmission persists and continues to expand in some areas. Climate change, urbanization, and socioeconomic inequities are reshaping vector and reservoir distributions and intensifying human exposure, whereas emerging insecticide resistance threatens the sustainability of current vector-control approaches. In parallel, recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) offer new opportunities to strengthen surveillance, diagnosis, and targeted interventions, yet their application to leishmaniasis control in Morocco remains limited. This narrative review synthesizes recent evidence on the epidemiology, transmission cycles, vectors, reservoirs, diagnostic approaches, and control strategies of leishmaniasis in Morocco, and critically discusses how AI-enabled tools, such as predictive risk mapping, automated vector identification, and image-based clinical decision support, could help address operational gaps. By integrating AI into existing public health frameworks and reinforcing data quality and capacity building, Morocco could improve early detection, optimize resource allocation, and accelerate progress toward the 2030 elimination goal.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4929266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13045284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147623324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of Human African Trypanosomiasis in the Nola-Bilolo Focus, Central African Republic, 2020-2024: Outcome of Capacity Building, Improved Diagnosis and Treatment.","authors":"Pierre-Marie Douzima, Mireille Cornelia Ingrid Denissio Morissi Nalingbo, Yvon Andjingbopou, Veerle Lejon, Romaric Nzoumbou-Boko","doi":"10.1155/japr/8625795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/japr/8625795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study is aimed at evaluating the inclusion of miniature anion-exchange centrifugation technique (mAECT) in the diagnosis and fexinidazole as treatment of gHAT in Central African Republic (CAR) after capacity building. A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted during a mass diagnostic campaign from 16 September to 22 October 2022 in Nola-Bilolo, a historic focus in CAR. The serological test, card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis (CATT), was performed on whole blood and diluted plasma to screen participants, followed by a confirmatory parasitological test by capillary tube centrifugation (CTC) and mAECT. Positive cases were treated mainly with fexinidazole. A total of 2070 participants were screened, out of an estimated population of 3584, representing a participation rate of 58%. The seroprevalence of HAT was 1.6% (CI 95%: 77%-99%) (33/2070) by the CATT plasma end-dilution titre ≥ 1:16. Blood from serological subjects was examined microscopically after concentration by CTC and mAECT was positive for trypanosomes in 48.48% (CI 95%: 31%-66%) (16/33) and 87.88% (CI 95%: 77%-99%) (29/33) of cases, respectively. The prevalence of microscopically confirmed HAT was 0.77% (CI 95%: 0.40%-1.15%) and 1.4% (CI 95%: 1%-2%) by CTC and mAECT, respectively. Twenty-one (72.41%) patients were treated with fexinidazole with a 0% interruption rate. The introduction of fexinidazole (2021) and mAECT (2022) likely contributed to the rise in reported cases (from 45 in 2021 to 111 in 2024) and improved screening coverage in the study area, reflecting enhanced case detection and access to care. There is a necessity to establish diagnostic quality assurance and to reinforce the other control measures including vector control.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8625795"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147433747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden and Experiences of Head Lice Infestation Among Children in Western Australia.","authors":"Tina Barrow, Stephanie Enkel, Hannah Thomas, Ingrid Amgarth-Duff, Tracy McRae, Lorraine Anderson, Julie Marsh, Rachel Burgess, Rebekah Newton, Asha Bowen","doi":"10.1155/japr/8631800","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/8631800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Head lice is an ectoparasitic skin infection commonly seen in primary school-aged children. In remote Australia, where rates of other skin infections and downstream sequelae are endemic, the rate of head lice infestation is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multimethod observational study is aimed at describing the burden of head lice for remote-residing children from nine communities in the Kimberley, Western Australia. Qualitative and quantitative data collected by the See, Treat, Prevent Skin Sores and Scabies ('SToP') Trial at 10 timepoints between May 2019 and December 2022 were analysed to understand head lice rates and community perspectives.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Across the Kimberley over the course of the study, the mean head lice prevalence was 48.4% (SD 15.3). Of children with head lice detected at any timepoint (<i>n</i> = 554), repeated detection occurred at a rate of 66.8% (370/554). Head lice was mentioned in 42 yarning sessions with community members and service providers. Community voice reflected repeated head lice infestation to be detrimental to the physical and psychological well-being of children. Much of the discussion focussed on prevention of secondary bacterial infections and improving the quality and maintenance of housing to provide for healthy practices to reduce the rates of head lice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In remote-residing Australian Aboriginal children, there is a high burden of head lice. Community members reflected the impact of head lice on children's well-being and focused on addressing contributing environmental factors and preventing secondary bacterial infection.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry Number: ACTRN12618000520235.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8631800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12961354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147377963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Public Awareness of Internal Helminthes in Commercial Fish of Lake Chamo, Southern Ethiopia.","authors":"Tagash Girma, Wasihun Seyoum, Tamirat Kaba, Ephrem Tora","doi":"10.1155/japr/8839195","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/8839195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fish is a vital source of food, employment, trade, and economic well-being for people. But, it is hindered by a variety of diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and most commonly parasites. The impact and public health importance of parasitic helminthes in fish which cause devaluation, retarded growth, morbidity, and mortality have not been sufficiently studied in Ethiopia, especially in Lake Chamo. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was conducted in Lake Chamo, Southern Ethiopia from October 2023 to December 2024 to estimate the prevalence, identify determinants, and assess community awareness towards public health importance of parasitic helminthes in commercially viable fish species. The study was performed using 369 commercially viable fish species selected from local fishermen either randomly or conveniently. A total of 156 respondents at vicinity of Lake Chamo were surveyed using structured questionnaire to assess their awareness level towards fish parasites. The overall prevalence of fish helminthic parasite infection was 67.8% (250/369) with high prevalence observed in <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i> (80.6%) and no parasite identified in <i>Hydrocynus vittatus</i>. Univariable logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of infection were statistically significant with more likely in <i>O. niloticus</i> (OR = 2.9, CI = 1.32-6.54), female (OR = 1.6, CI = 1.03-2.49), and in large standard length (OR = 2.2, CI = 1.15-4.16) compared with their respective categories. From identified fish helminthes, <i>Clinostomum</i> (57.67%) was dominant genus followed by cestode larvae (50.8%), <i>Contracaecum</i> (12.8%), Acanthocephala (6%), cestode (3.2%), and unidentified parasite (3.2%). The survey revealed widespread consumption of raw fish (90.4%) around Lake Chamo, coupled with a total absence (100%) of practical preventive measures among respondents. Generally, commercially viable fish in Lake Chamo are widely affected by internal helminthes, creating a risk of fish borne zoonosis due to poor management and low awareness level. Thus, integrated parasitic control approaches involving fish, humans, and the environment should be applied in the study area.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8839195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12960764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147377934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Detection and Genotyping Methods.","authors":"Marek Kowalczyk, Jacek Sroka, Angelina Wójcik-Fatla","doi":"10.1155/japr/5586858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/japr/5586858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> is a parasitic protozoan that was first described over 100 years ago. Since then, its presence has been confirmed in a wide range of hosts, including humans. <i>T. gondii</i> infections are estimated to affect approximately 30% of the human population, representing a particular hazard to pregnant women, the elderly and immunocompromised individuals. In recent decades, diagnostic methods have been developed to detect the parasite, not only in clinical specimens but also in food or environmental samples. Nowadays, in addition to the mere confirmation of the presence of the parasite, the determination of its genotype is becoming increasingly important. The assessment of <i>T. gondii</i> diversity enables the investigation of the parasite's circulation in host populations, the identification of atypical isolates and the inference of virulence. The study is aimed at gathering and presenting information on methods for detecting and genotyping <i>T. gondii</i>, including their range of applications, advantages and limitations. In view of the rapid development of molecular methods in recent years, particular emphasis was placed on this group of techniques. Therefore, both popular methods, such as one-step PCR and nested PCR and relatively new techniques, such as LAMP or ddPCR, are included in the discussion. The review is complemented by the presentation of the most common techniques used in <i>T. gondii</i> genotyping, including PCR-RFLP, MLST and microsatellite sequence polymorphism studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5586858"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12949366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentiality of LPS in Ameliorating the Histopathological Responses in Visceral Leishmaniasis-Infected Mice.","authors":"Ghusoon A A Al-Maphregy, Hazima Mossa Alabassi, Ashwaq Ahmed Hussein","doi":"10.1155/japr/8684617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/japr/8684617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Visceral leishmaniasis is the second most fatal parasite illness worldwide, and it is the most severe type of leishmaniasis. LPS is a crucial chemical compound on the bacterial cell wall that the host recognizes and uses to launch an immune response to eliminate invasive infections.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Four concentrations of LPS were used to treat infected mice with visceral leishmaniasis (20, 40, 60, and 80 ng/mL). Differential cell count and phagocytic index tests were done, then the liver and spleen were separated, and a histopathological assay was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings demonstrated that all blood cells, with the exception of basophils, varied significantly between the uninfected and infected groups. With the exception of the 40 ng/mL concentration, there were notable variations in lymphocytes between the treated and infected groups as well as across the treated groups. With the exception of the 60 ng/mL concentration, neutrophils and monocytes showed significant changes between the treated and infected groups. Eosinophils, however, showed noticeable differences between the infected group and the treated groups. As for the phagocytic index, there was a significant difference between the uninfected and treated groups with the infected group. Histopathological results showed the effectiveness of LPS in the treatment of infected liver and spleen, especially in low concentrations (20, 40, and 60 ng/mL), whereas the highest concentration of LPS showed significant damage to liver and spleen tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This result opens up prospects for the possibility of using LPS as a treatment for many pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8684617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12910174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> Infection and Its Risk Factors in Pregnant Women Referred to Al-Zahra Hospital in Guilan Province, North Part of Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study From 2024 to 2025.","authors":"Mahdieh Sorouri Majd, Eshrat Beigom Kia, Seyedeh Hajar Sharami, Mehdi Mohebali, Azadeh Jafari, Roya Latifi, Zohreh Fakhrieh-Kashan","doi":"10.1155/japr/9933423","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/9933423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In immunocompromised individuals, strongyloidiasis may progress to hyperinfection syndrome or disseminated disease. To date, the death of a pregnant woman infected with <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> has been reported. Chronic cases carry a risk of malnutrition, especially among vulnerable populations like pregnant women and children. Pregnancy-related immunosuppression increases susceptibility to severe strongyloidiasis. This study assesses strongyloidiasis seroprevalence in pregnant women at Al-Zahra Hospital, Guilan Province.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study (September 2024 to February 2025) randomly selected 384 pregnant women referred to Al-Zahra Hospital, Rasht. After consent, blood (all) and permitted stool samples plus symptom questionnaires were collected. Serum was tested for anti-<i>S. stercoralis</i> IgG antibodies using ELISA (NovaLisa). Stool underwent parasitological examination (direct smear, formalin-ethyl acetate concentration method, and nutrient agar plate culture [APC]). SPSS v25 analyzed data using Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study enrolled pregnant women (gestational age: 1-8 months) aged 15-48 years. The seroprevalence of strongyloidiasis (anti-<i>S. stercoralis</i> IgG antibodies) was 2.6%. Six of these individuals, who provided stool samples, also tested positive by parasitological examination. No significant associations (<i>p</i> > 0.05) were observed between infection and factors including vegetable washing practices, residential location (urban/rural), education level, occupational exposure, soil contact, clinical symptoms, animal contact, or hypereosinophilia. However, a significant association (<i>p</i> < 0.05) was identified between strongyloidiasis and underlying conditions, with gestational diabetes present in 30% of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The overlap of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and hematological symptoms with pregnancy contributes to the underdiagnosis of strongyloidiasis. Early respiratory symptoms are hormonally driven, whereas persistent later symptoms suggest infection (50% strongyloidiasis cases here). Preconception <i>S. stercoralis</i> serology and hygiene/animal-contact education are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9933423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12897577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146201727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bovine Lungworm: Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors in Haramaya Town, Ethiopia.","authors":"Tsedalu Yirsa, Mohamed Galgalo","doi":"10.1155/japr/2776754","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/2776754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lungworm infection, caused by a nematode parasite, leads to bronchitis or pneumonia, high-mortality rates in cattle, and significant economic losses.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of bovine lungworm and identify potential risk factors in Haramaya town, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study design was employed from December 2023 to April 2024, with animals selected using a simple random sampling method. Prevalence and associated risk factors were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression tests in Stata Version 17.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 384 cattle fecal samples were collected and analyzed in the Haramaya veterinary parasitology laboratory for larvae identification. Of these samples, 16 (4.2%) tested positive for lungworm infection. Logistic regression analysis showed a statistically significant association between the disease and factors such as age, body condition, and management systems (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). The prevalence of lungworm infection was significantly higher in cattle with poor body condition (8.7%) than those in good condition (3.6% and 1.4%). Cattle with poor body condition were 0.6 times more likely (<i>OR</i> = 0.6, <i>C</i> <i>I</i> = 0.308-1.16) to be infected than those with good body condition. Cattle in extensive management systems had 4.26 times higher odds (<i>OR</i> = 4.26, <i>C</i> <i>I</i> = 1.16-15.62) of being infected compared with those in intensive management systems. Furthermore, young cattle were 0.23 times more likely (<i>OR</i> = 0.23, <i>C</i> <i>I</i> = 0.078-0.7) to be infected than adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relatively low prevalence of bovine lungworm in this region carries notable economic consequences. To mitigate these impacts, preventive measures such as vaccination and deworming should be implemented.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2776754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12811825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145998368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}