{"title":"Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Their Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Center at Woreilu Health Center, Woreilu, Northeast Ethiopia","authors":"E. Kebede, N. Asefa, Chala Daba, D. Gebretsadik","doi":"10.1155/2022/5242252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5242252","url":null,"abstract":"Background Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) affect millions of pregnant women worldwide and if left untreated can cause adverse effects for mothers, fetuses, and newborns. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and associated risk factors of intestinal parasitic infections among pregnant women in Woreilu, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Woreilu Health Center from October 2018 to February 2019. A convenient sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. The data related to the sociodemographic information and associated risk factors were collected by the interview technique, and fresh stool samples were collected from each pregnant woman. The microscopic examination of the stool samples was done by using direct wet mount preparations in normal saline and formol ether concentration techniques. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used. A p value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results A total of 331 pregnant women were included. The mean ± standard deviation of age of the participants was 26.3 ± 5.96 years ranging between 16 and 43 years. The overall prevalence of IPIs was 144 (43.5%) with the predominance of E. histolytica/dispar (44.4%) followed by A. lumbricoides (15.7%). Being a student (AOR = 3.35, 95% CI: 1.01-11.09, p = 0.047), second trimester (AOR = 3.94, 95% CI: 1.46-10.64, p = 0.007), third trimester (AOR = 3.32, 95% CI: 1.15-9.6, p = 0.027), and using spring water for drinking (AOR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.62-5.22, p ≤ 0.001) were significantly associated with IPIs. Conclusion The prevalence of IPIs was high in this study. Being a student, second and third trimester, and using spring water for drinking were associated factors with IPIs. Therefore, improving the sanitation of the students and providing clean drinking water for the women should be strengthened. Screening women and providing health education during their antenatal care (ANC) visits are also recommended.","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49480599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Saadatnia, K. Solhjoo, Mohamad Hassan Davami, S. Raeghi, A. Abolghazi
{"title":"Molecular Identification of Fasciola Isolated from the Liver of Meat Animals in Fars Province, Iran","authors":"A. Saadatnia, K. Solhjoo, Mohamad Hassan Davami, S. Raeghi, A. Abolghazi","doi":"10.1155/2022/4291230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4291230","url":null,"abstract":"Background Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica are flatworms that infect animals and humans. Fasciola is the parasite of the liver or bile ducts and intestines of mammals, where such animals are known as their “definite hosts.” The study aims to detect the genotype of Fasciola spp. from the livers of meat animals by using RFLP-PCR in samples collected from Fars province. Methods Sixty Fasciola spp. samples were collected from infected slaughtered animals in three counties of Fars province, Iran (Jahrom, Nourabad Mamasani, and Kazeroun).Genomic DNA was extracted by the conventional phenol-chloroform method. For the study, PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis of the first nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) region from Fasciola species were used to conduct the study. Results The fragment of about 700 bp in all the Fasciola samples was amplified. In total, 43 samples of Fasciola gigantica and 17 samples of Fasciola hepatica were identified. Conclusion The dominant Fasciola species in this region is Fasciola gigantica. Hence, it seems that hygienic policies should be developed to prevent and control fascioliasis because of the dominant species, Fasciola gigantica.","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48703096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kitvatanachai, Kanyanan Kritsiriwutthinan, Aree Taylor, Pochong Rhongbutsri
{"title":"Modified Nonnutrient Agar Plate Culture for the Diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis and Hookworm Infections in La-Ngu District, Satun Province, Southern Thailand","authors":"S. Kitvatanachai, Kanyanan Kritsiriwutthinan, Aree Taylor, Pochong Rhongbutsri","doi":"10.1155/2022/1117400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1117400","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the low prevalence and light intensity of Strongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis, Ss) and hookworm (HW) in Thailand, an increase in the efficacy of detection with the appropriate diagnosis is needed. This cross-sectional survey is aimed at using modified nonnutrient agar plate culture (mNNAPC) to assess the prevalence of S. stercoralis and hookworm infections and to report intestinal parasitic infections in La-Ngu villagers, Satun Province in Southern Thailand. We used wet smear, modified Harada-Mori filter paper culture (mHMFPC), and mNNAPC to investigate 204 villagers (4 villages) between August 2016 and January 2017. The combination of mHMFPC and mNNAPC raised the prevalence of S. stercoralis and hookworm infections among the study population from 3.4% and 1.0% to 6.9% and 2.5%, respectively. There were no significant differences between demographic characteristics and these infections (p < 0.05). Three types of protozoal infections, Blastocystis spp. (2.9%), Entamoeba histolytica-like (0.5%), and Giardia duodenalis (0.5%), and 3 species of helminthic infections, S. stercoralis (6.9%) (14 cases), hookworm 2.5%, and Enterobius vermicularis 0.5%, were demonstrated in this area. The mNNAPC showed the highest efficacy in detecting both parasites (Ss 92.9% and HW 80%), whereas the wet smear detected none.","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45306514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Songtham Anuntakarun, A. Phumee, Vorthon Sawaswong, K. Praianantathavorn, Witthaya Poomipak, R. Jitvaropas, P. Siriyasatien, S. Payungporn
{"title":"Genome Assembly and Genome Annotation of Leishmania martiniquensis Isolated from a Leishmaniasis Patient in Thailand","authors":"Songtham Anuntakarun, A. Phumee, Vorthon Sawaswong, K. Praianantathavorn, Witthaya Poomipak, R. Jitvaropas, P. Siriyasatien, S. Payungporn","doi":"10.1155/2022/8768574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8768574","url":null,"abstract":"Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania spp. with worldwide distribution. Autochthonous leishmaniasis has been reported to result from the infection by Leishmania martiniquensis in Thailand. This species was isolated in culture and subjected to high-throughput whole-genome sequencing. A total of 30.8 Mb in 36 chromosomes of the whole genome was assembled, annotated, and characterized. The L. martiniquensis under study was shown to segregate into the same clade and thus closely related to the previously identified L. martiniquensis (LU_Lmar_1.0), as determined by phylogenetic analysis of their genomic sequences along with those of representative kinetoplastid species. The total number of open reading frames genomewide predicts 8,209 protein-coding genes, of which 359 are putative virulence factors, including two previously known, e.g., cysteine proteinase C and superoxide dismutase B1. The results obtained from this study will be useful for further annotation and comparison with other Leishmania martiniquensis in the future.","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47759281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yibeltal Aschale, H. Reta, Awoke Minwuyelet, Animen Ayehu, Muluken Wubetu
{"title":"Medicinal Plants Utilized for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Parasitosis in Ethiopia","authors":"Yibeltal Aschale, H. Reta, Awoke Minwuyelet, Animen Ayehu, Muluken Wubetu","doi":"10.1155/2022/3584861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3584861","url":null,"abstract":"Background Nonhygienic living conditions give rise to parasitic infections. Intestinal parasitosis is a serious public health problem in Ethiopia. It is more common in the poor part of the population with low-income, poor personal, and environmental sanitation and limited clean water supply. This review is aimed at providing an overview of the medicinal plants used for the treatment of gastrointestinal parasitosis in Ethiopia. Methods International databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science) were systematically searched to access published original articles on medicinal plants used to treat gastrointestinal parasitosis without restriction on the year of publication and methodology. The validity of articles was checked before inclusion in the review by undertaking critical appraisal using tools adapted from JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. The details of medicinal plants were extracted from the included studies using a standardized data extraction format in excel spreadsheet and analyzed using descriptive statistics to calculate frequency and percentage. Results A search for published articles produced a total of 205 papers, of which 23 met the inclusion criteria. Of the 85 medicinal plants identified, the majority (40.2%) were shrubs, and the common plant part used was leaf (28.2%). Family Asteraceae has the highest number of plant species. The majority of the plant remedies were given orally (96.9%). Taeniasis comprises the highest percentage of intestinal parasitosis treated followed by ascariasis. Conclusion Numerous plants have been utilized to treat gastrointestinal parasitosis. Information obtained from this review could serve as a guide to discover novel antiparasitic agents. Therefore, it is advisable for researchers to properly identify, document, conserve, and conduct safety and efficacy studies on such claimed medicinal plants.","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44437979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plasmodium falciparum Clinical Isolates Reveal Analogous Circulation of 3D7 and FC27 Allelic Variants and Multiplicity of Infection in Urban and Rural Settings: The Case of Adama and Its Surroundings, Oromia, Ethiopia","authors":"Temesgen File, L. Golassa, H. Dinka","doi":"10.1155/2022/5773593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5773593","url":null,"abstract":"Background Despite significant progress achieved globally in reducing malaria burden, still it is one of the major public health and economic problems in Ethiopia. Investigation of the local genetic polymorphism of P. falciparum, the most virulent and predominant malaria parasite primarily targeted in malaria control and elimination program, is paramount to assess intensity of parasite transmission. Analysis of the block 3 region of the msp-2 gene of P. falciparum provides strong molecular evidence to evaluate the real picture of malaria epidemiology to fine-tune the ongoing control and elimination programs in the region. Thus, this study was aimed at examining the status of such polymorphic gene and its implications in Adama and its surroundings. Methods 148 isolates from patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were collected in the study from September 2019 to August 2020. Tween® 20 and the Chelex method were employed for parasite DNA extraction. msp-2 allelic families were genotyped by using nested polymerase chain reaction targeting its 3D7 and FC27 allelic variants followed by gel electrophoresis for fragment analysis. Results Seventeen different polymorphic forms of msp-2 allelic fragments were detected in the study area. Moreover, 47 (31.8%) and 41(27.7%) were detected for 3D7 and FC27 allelic families, respectively. Furthermore, the multiclonal allele type accounted for 60 (40.5%). The mean MOI was 1.4, and the heterogeneity index (He) is 0.49 indicating nearly intermediate malaria transmission in the study area. Conclusions The study revealed nearly intermediate genetic diversity and mean MOI of P. falciparum in the study area, demanding further scale up of the ongoing control and elimination efforts.","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46245348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prevalence of Giardiasis and Entamoeba Species in Two of the Six Governorates of Kuwait","authors":"Rania M. AlAyyar, A. Alaqeel, Muna Sh. AlAwadhi","doi":"10.1155/2022/5972769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5972769","url":null,"abstract":"Intestinal parasitic infections are a global concern owing to elevated rates of morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world. Increased rates of intestinal parasitic infections are observed in developing and low-income countries. In Kuwait, many expatriates and foreigners hail from endemic countries, thus increasing the rate and risk factor of infection. This retrospective study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba sp. in stool samples handled by two of Kuwait's general hospitals during the period from January 2018 to July 2019: Mubarak Al Kabeer (serving Hawalli governorate population) and Aladan hospitals (serving Mubarak Al Kabeer governorate population) serving 27% of total Kuwait population with Kuwaitis making up only 32%. A total of 9,653 samples were tested for consistency and the availability of any parasitic particles using visual, direct wet mount, and concentration method. Statistical analysis was implemented using SPSS statistical program, at p < 0.05. Of all the 9,653 tested stool samples, 74 were positive for G. lamblia or Entamoeba sp. This represented a mere 1% rate of infection and showed no significant correlation to the prevalence of intestinal parasite infections in Kuwait. On the other hand, comparing the rate of infection in different seasons revealed an increased rate of infection during spring compared to other seasons (p = 0.03). Findings revealed low rates of intestinal parasitic infection within the two governorates of Kuwait representing no statistical significance to the distribution of the investigated parasites in Kuwait. This may be attributed to improved living conditions and healthcare. Elevated infection rates in spring in relation to other seasons raised the importance of increasing public awareness during camping season for maintaining proper personal hygiene and waste management to contain and decrease the rate on infection.","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2022 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41644435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Seasonal Prevalence of Helminthic Infections in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Sheep in Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran.","authors":"Alireza Salehi, Mahsa Razavi, Nasrollah Vahedi Nouri","doi":"10.1155/2022/7392801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7392801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Helminthic infection is the major cause of the sheep's reduced productivity. In this study, a total number of 240 fecal samples of sheep from stationary flocks of four different zones of Mazandaran province (Amol, Babol, Sari, and Nowshahr cities) were examined each season, out of which 53.33% of animals were affected by the helminthic infections. The most prevalent infecting parasites were the <i>Trichostrongylidae</i> (46.61%), followed by the <i>Fasciola</i> (9.96%). In addition, the <i>Strongyloides</i> had the lowest proportion with only 2.39%. The other detected parasites included <i>Chabertia</i> (5.98%), <i>Cooperia</i> (3.19%), <i>Nematodirus</i> (3.19%), <i>Trichuris</i> (5.58%), <i>Toxocaridae</i> (4.78%), <i>Haemonchus</i> (4.78%), <i>Ostertagia</i> (5.58%), <i>Oesophagostomum</i> (4.78%), and <i>Dicrocoelium</i> (3.19%). The nematodes had the highest percentage with 86.85%, whereas the trematodes followed them with 13.15%. No significant difference was observed between the infection level in females and males, with 56.9% and 43.94% rates of infection, respectively. Significantly lower infection was observed in winter compared with the other seasons. <i>Trichostrongylidae</i> was the dominant genus across all seasons. It was also noted that winter had the lowest percentage of helminthic infection significantly. The eggs per gram of feces was also estimated, and it showed that a significant number of sheep are infected with a moderate number of parasites. In a conclusion, even though livestock farmers have been using antiparasitic drugs in their livestock in recent years, parasitic infection still exists in livestock. Thus, a proper implementation of helminthic infection control programs in this area should be employed as the key element for reducing the high prevalence of livestock helminthic infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2022 ","pages":"7392801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9797291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10457792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic Diversity of Merozoite Surface Protein-1 and -2 Genes in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Isolates among Asymptomatic Population in Boset and Badewacho Districts, Southern Ethiopia.","authors":"Tsegaye Chekol, Gezahegn Solomon Alemayehu, Weynshet Tafesse, Gudeta Legesse, Biruk Zerfu, Temesgen File, Mistire Wolde, Lemu Golassa","doi":"10.1155/2022/7728975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7728975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The genetic variation of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> has been studied to assess local malaria transmission genetic profile using evidence-based intervention measures. However, there are no known previous reports of <i>P. falciparum</i> polymorphism in Badewacho and Boset districts, Southern Ethiopia. The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of the merozoite surface protein-1 and -2 (<i>msp</i>-1 and <i>msp</i>-2) allelic families in <i>P. falciparum</i> isolates from an asymptomatic populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted from finger-prick blood samples spotted on 3 mm Whatman filter paper collected during a community-based cross-sectional study. Nested polymerase chain reaction amplification was used to type the allelic variants of <i>msp</i>-1 and <i>msp</i>-2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 669 asymptomatic study participants, a total of 50 samples positive for <i>P. falciparum</i> were included for molecular analysis. Of 50 positive samples, 43 <i>P. falciparum</i> isolates were successfully amplified for the <i>msp</i>-1 and <i>msp</i>-2 allelic families. A total of twelve different allele sizes (75-250 bp) were identified within the three allelic families of <i>msp</i>-1, whereas ten different allele sizes (250-500 bp) were detected within the two allelic families of <i>msp</i>-2. MAD20 had a higher allelic proportion, 65% among allelic families of <i>msp</i>-1, whereas the 3D7 allelic family 90.7% was higher in <i>msp</i>-2. A slightly higher frequency of polyclonal infection 53.5% was found in <i>msp</i>-2 allelic family, whereas a low proportion polyclonal infection 46.5% was found in <i>msp</i>-1 allelic family. The overall mean multiplicity of infection (MOI) for <i>msp</i>-1 and <i>msp</i>-2 was identical (MOI = 1.56). Correspondingly, the expected heterozygosity (He) value for <i>msp</i>-1 (He = 0.23) and <i>msp</i>-2 (He = 0.22) was almost similar.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study revealed low genetic diversity of the <i>msp</i>-1 and <i>msp</i>-2 allelic families in <i>P. falciparum</i> isolates. However, continued monitoring status of the local genetic diversity profile in the <i>P. falciparum</i> population is required to support current malaria control and elimination strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2022 ","pages":"7728975"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9771644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10786294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khadime Sylla, Roger Tine, Doudou Sow, Souleye Lelo, Annie Abiola, Jean Louis NDiaye, Magatte NDiaye, Kuaku Folly, Léon Amath NDiaye, Oumar Gaye, Babacar Faye
{"title":"Anemia, Thrombocytopenia, and Changes in Biochemical Parameters Occurring in Patients with Uncomplicated <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Malaria: Data Analysis from Antimalarial Efficacy-Randomized Trials in Dakar and Kaolack Regions, Senegal.","authors":"Khadime Sylla, Roger Tine, Doudou Sow, Souleye Lelo, Annie Abiola, Jean Louis NDiaye, Magatte NDiaye, Kuaku Folly, Léon Amath NDiaye, Oumar Gaye, Babacar Faye","doi":"10.1155/2022/1635791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1635791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs) are widely used in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> infection is often accompanied by disturbances of hematological and biochemical parameters. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in biochemical and hematological parameters during uncomplicated malaria in patients treated with ACTs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from patient with uncomplicated <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> malaria were pooled from different open-randomized trial evaluating the efficacy of Artesunate-Mefloquine (ASMQ), Artesunate-Amodiaquine (ASAQ), Artemether-Lumefantrine (AL), and Dihydro-artemisinin-Piperaquine (DHAPQ) combinations. Biochemical (transaminases, creatinine, and bilirubin) and hematological (hemoglobin and platelet levels) parameters were performed at baseline (D0) and at day 7 after treatment (D7). Data were analyzed as both continuous and categorical variables with 95% confidence interval. Risks and trends were calculated using multivariate logistic random effect models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 720 patients with completed biological data were included in the analysis (320 in the AL arm, 160 in the ASMQ arm, 120 in the DHAPQ arm, and 88 in the ASAQ arm). The mean age of the patients was 9.43 ± 9.1 years. Male subjects represented 58.47% (sex ratio was 1.4 for males). The mean hemoglobin level at inclusion (D0) was 9.79 g/dl and anemia (Hb < 11 g/dl) was 71.43% (aOR = 1.16 [0.68 - 1.98]<i>p</i> = 0.57). At D7, hemoglobin level was 9.63 g/dl and anemia was significantly more frequent (78.29% [<i>p</i> = 0.002]). The mean platelet count at day 0 was 154075.5 platelets/mm<sup>3</sup> of blood and 339328.7 platelets/mm<sup>3</sup> at day 7. Thrombocytopenia was about 53.61% and was associated with malaria (aOR = 3.4 [2.18 - 5.3]<i>p</i> < 10<sup>-3</sup>). 19.58% of patients had abnormal ALT and 40.28% had abnormal AST at D0. 27.22% of patients had normal bilirubin at D0. Renal function was normal in all patients in the study. Normalization of transaminases was noted between D0 and D7. The percentage of subjects with normal bilirubin increased between D0 and D7. Renal function did not vary significantly between D0 and D7.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results from this analysis showed that subjects with high parasitaemia had a greater risk of anemia and thrombocytopenia. Artemisinin combinations were well-tolerated as no major biological disturbances were noted. The effects of ACTs on hematologic and biochemical parameters were not different.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2022 ","pages":"1635791"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9800081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10457794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}