Journal of Parasitology Research最新文献

{"title":"Malaria and Typhoid Fever Coinfection Among Febrile Patients Attending a Health Facility in Yaoundé, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Palmer Masumbe Netongo, Ange Maxime Tchoutang, MacDonald Bin Eric, Arnaud Tepa, Marie Christine Nzuno, Severin Donald Kamdem","doi":"10.1155/japr/9977704","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/9977704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malaria and typhoid fever are significant public health challenges in tropical regions, with Cameroon serving as a notable example of their endemicity. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of malaria, typhoid fever, and their coinfection and assessing associated risk factors among febrile patients attending a tertiary hospital.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and August 2023 at the Etoug-Ebe Baptist Hospital in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Two hundred and eighty-eight febrile patients aged over 2 years, suspected of having malaria and/or typhoid fever, were enrolled after obtaining informed consent from adults or a legal representative for minors. Data were collected using a structured case report form (CRF). Malaria diagnosis involved a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for screening, followed by confirmation with thick blood smear microscopy. For typhoid fever diagnosis, a combination of serological testing (Widal and IgM/IgG rapid tests) and rapid stool antigen detection (for <i>Salmonella</i> O and H antigens) was used. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS Version 26 and GraphPad Prism Version 9 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 288 participants, 179 (62.5%) tested positive for malaria and/or typhoid fever. According to our diagnostic algorithm, the prevalence rates for malaria, typhoid fever, and coinfection were 44.79% (<i>n</i> = 129), 37.15% (<i>n</i> = 107), and 19.79% (<i>n</i> = 57), respectively. Coinfection was significantly associated with fever (<i>χ</i> ² = 7.092, <i>p</i> = 0.008) and profuse sweating (<i>χ</i> ² = 3.774, <i>p</i> = 0.05), while jaundice was linked to typhoid fever (<i>χ</i> ² = 4.777, <i>p</i> = 0.029). Notable risk factors for malaria and typhoid fever included the presence of ponds of water and/or clumps of grass around the house and the main source of drinking water.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Malaria and typhoid fever were prevalent among febrile patients in Yaoundé, with malaria emerging as the leading cause and notable levels of coinfection. Clinical symptoms and environmental risk factors were associated with disease occurrence, underscoring the need for strengthened control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9977704"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12629701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145564197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Leaves on <i>Opisthorchis viverrini</i> Metacercariae in Infected <i>Barbonymus gonionotus</i>.","authors":"Naiyana Senasri, Nattiya Chumnanka, Patcharawalai Sriyasak, Supannee Suwanpakdee, Kosit Sriputhorn, Chaweng Sarnklong, Sutee Wongmaneeprateep","doi":"10.1155/japr/6233585","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/6233585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study is aimed at evaluating the effects of dietary <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. leaf supplementation on superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and the prevention of liver fluke (<i>Opisthorchis viverrini</i>) metacercaria infection in <i>Barbonymus gonionotus</i>. The experiment included five treatment groups, with varying concentrations of <i>C. sativa</i> leaves (0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) in the experimental feed. Six hundred parasite-free <i>B. gonionotus</i> (50 days old) were infected with 50 cercariae each. After 24 h, they were fed the experimental feed for 0 (control group), 7, 14, or 21 days. The infection rate, intensity of <i>O. viverrini</i> metacercaria, survival rates, immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels, lysozyme activity, and SOD levels in <i>B. gonionotus</i> were investigated. The results showed that cannabis leaves effectively prevented <i>O. viverrini</i> infection. Fish fed with higher doses of cannabis leaf diets had a decreased infection rate and intensity of <i>O. viverrini</i> metacercariae and higher survival rates. Conversely, there was an increase in SOD, lysozyme activity, and IgM levels. Moreover, after the fish were fed 2.0% cannabis leaves for 14 and 21 days, no <i>O. viverrini</i> metacercariae were degenerated. The highest SOD levels were exhibited by fish fed 2.0% cannabis leaves for 14 days (1497.96 U/g FW), and the metacercariae were inactive and degenerated. In summary, dietary supplementation of cannabis leaves can be used as a preventive measure against liver fluke infection in <i>B. gonionotus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6233585"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12626686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145557214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Zoonotic Gastrointestinal Helminths Among Pet Dogs in Western Chitwan, Nepal.","authors":"Sushil B K, Saroj Adhikari, Shishir Regmi, Chet Raj Pathak","doi":"10.1155/japr/9982123","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/9982123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrointestinal helminth parasites (GIHPs) in dogs, belonging to the phyla Platyhelminthes and Nemathelminths, pose a zoonotic threat by contaminating human environments with cysts, oocysts, and eggs. Investigating GIHPs in domesticated dogs in close contact with humans is crucial to understanding zoonotic transmission. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of zoonotic helminths in dogs in western Chitwan, Nepal. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 240 canine caretakers. A total of 103 freshly defecated fecal samples were collected from three sites in Bharatpur Metropolitan City and preserved in 10% formalin. The samples were examined using sedimentation and flotation techniques. The study found an overall GIHP prevalence of 57.28% (59/103), identifying six parasite species. The most prevalent was <i>Ancylostoma</i> spp. (74.57%), followed by <i>Taenia</i> spp. (20.34%), <i>Toxocara</i> spp. (15.25%), <i>Strongyloides</i> spp. (5.08%), <i>Trichuris</i> spp. (3.39%), and <i>Dipylidium</i> spp. (3.39%). Multiple infections were observed in 15.25% (9/59) of cases. Infection rates in males and females were 61.02% and 38.98%, respectively. Among the puppies, adults, and older dogs, the infection rates were 60%, 57.97%, and 50%, respectively. By region, infection rates were 67.86% in Chanauli, 59.46% in Rampur, and 47.37% in Mangalpur. The dewormed (≤ 3 months) dogs had a 38.10% prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites (GIPs). In contrast, those dewormed less frequently (> 3 months) had a 56.10% prevalence, while nondewormed dogs had the highest prevalence at 68.29%. Out of 240 canine caretakers, only 50.41% were aware of parasitic zoonoses. The findings highlight the importance of regular deworming and veterinary intervention to control GIHPs and reduce the risk of zoonotic transmission, emphasizing the need for strategic health measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9982123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12605883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145513057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated With <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Infection Transmission in Artisanal Mining and Mining-Free Communities: The Case of Fanteakwa South District, Ghana.","authors":"Enoch Aninagyei, David Adedia, Gifty Larbi, George Abeiku Abbew, Isaac Tukwarlba, Comfort Addo Boatey, Benjamin Sarfo-Bempong, Desmond Omane Acheampong","doi":"10.1155/japr/6652071","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/6652071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artisanal mining in the Fanteakwa South District (FSD) of Ghana has created stagnant water bodies that promote mosquito breeding. This study examined <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> transmission dynamics in mining and nonmining communities. Using stratified sampling, three mining communities and one nonmining community were selected. Blood samples (2 mL) were collected from residents, dried blood spots were prepared, and <i>P. falciparum</i> ssrRNA was detected through nested PCR. The study enrolled 341 participants, including 240 (70.4%) from artisanal mining communities and 101 (29.6%) from a mining-free community. Overall, asymptomatic <i>P. falciparum</i> prevalence was 53.1%, significantly higher in mining communities (64.6%) than in the mining-free community (27.7%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). In mining areas, risk factors included being female (AOR = 2.23, <i>p</i> = 0.004), unmarried adult (AOR = 3.87, <i>p</i> < 0.001), schooling (AOR = 2.32, <i>p</i> = 0.005), not having mosquito nets (AOR = 2.3, <i>p</i> = 0.0024), using nets from open markets (AOR = 4.2, <i>p</i> = 0.001), net sharing (<i>AOR</i> = 3.0, <i>p</i> = 0.019), especially three people per net (AOR = 4.9, <i>p</i> = 0.024), and staying outdoors at night for >2 h (AOR = 8.4, <i>p</i> < 0.001). In the mining-free community, transmission was associated with being a child (AOR = 7.0, <i>p</i> = 0.024), schooling (AOR = 3.48, <i>p</i> = 0.014), using open-market nets (AOR = 5.67, <i>p</i> = 0.037), net sharing (AOR = 4.7, <i>p</i> = 0.028), and poor housing quality (AOR = 4.7, <i>p</i> = 0.003). The high odds ratios observed for factors such as prolonged outdoor night-time exposure, net sharing, use of substandard nets, and poor housing highlight concentrated risks for <i>P. falciparum</i> transmission. In addition, they signal priority areas where targeted interventions, such as quality-assured ITN distribution, behaviour change communication, and housing improvements, would have the greatest impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6652071"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12602033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145495950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abomasal Nematodes of Goat and In Vitro Evaluation of Anthelmintic Resistance in Arba Minch Zuria District, South Ethiopia.","authors":"Abreham Wondimu, Tamirat Kaba, Yemsrach Wubayehu","doi":"10.1155/japr/9921528","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/9921528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Goats are a crucial livestock resource for smallholder communities, providing significant livelihood support. However, abomasal nematode parasites in these animals are a major contributor to health problems and productivity losses. This study identified and quantified abomasal nematodes in slaughtered goats, assessed drug usage practices, and evaluated anthelmintic resistance in the Arba Minch Zuria district.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>A cross-sectional and laboratory-based experimental study design was used to collect data from October 2023 to August 2024 through structured questionnaires, postmortem worm recovery techniques, and in vitro drug resistance assays. Accordingly, of 120 examined goat abomasa, 108 (90%) harbored at least one nematode species. <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>, <i>Teladorsagia circumcincta</i>, and <i>Trichostrongylus axei</i> were the worm species identified as sole (21%) or mixed infections (79%). The mean burden of <i>H. contortus</i> (757.5) was significantly higher than that of <i>Teladorsagia circumcincta</i> (415.8) and <i>Trichostrongylus axei</i> (363.3) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Animals' sex, age, and body condition significantly influenced the mean burden of abomasal nematode infection (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The survey results reveal the majority of respondents (80%) used albendazole bolus to control parasitism in goats. In vitro assays on <i>H. contortus</i> showed that this drug significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) inhibited egg hatching in a dose-dependent manner, with a maximum rate of 97.9% at 60 <i>μ</i>g/<i>μ</i>L. The minimum concentration of albendazole that inhibits 50% of egg hatching and embryonation (IC₅₀) was 0.0096 <i>μ</i>g/<i>μ</i>L. Additionally, there was a statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) dose-dependent inhibition of <i>H. contortus</i> larval motility observed for ivermectin, with a predicted IC₅₀ of 0.257 <i>μ</i>g/<i>μ</i>L. Moreover, the inhibition of larval motility by tetramisole hydrochloride did not significantly vary among different concentrations, with an expected IC₅₀ value of 0.00068 <i>μ</i>g/<i>μ</i>L.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high burden of <i>H. contortus</i> in the abomasum of slaughtered goats indicates its endemic nature in the area. The higher IC₅₀ value for ivermectin suggests a risk of ivermectin resistance in the study area. Therefore, caprine haemonchosis, teladorsagiosis, and trichostrongylosis should be considered during clinical procedures, and combining anthelmintic treatments, creating farmer awareness, and rotating anthelmintic drugs can help reduce the risk of ivermectin resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9921528"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12578561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145431475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> in Africa: A Review.","authors":"Williams Walana, Musah Gbankuluso Adam, Abdelhakam G Tamomh","doi":"10.1155/japr/1232330","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/1232330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Enteric parasites are the primary cause of diarrheal diseases and other gastrointestinal clinical presentations in Africa and some parts of the world. <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> causes giardiasis in most African countries and poses considerable public health concerns.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review was aimed at synchronizing data on the genetic diversity of <i>G. duodenalis</i> and its prevalence across Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thorough searches were performed in the following electronic databases: Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The search technique encompassed terms associated with \"<i>G. duodenalis</i>\", \"Africa\", \"genetic\", \"Genetic diversity\", \"Assemblage\", \"Sub-assemblage\", and \"Lamblia\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review shows that 83% (10/12) of the studies considered children as the study population, while 16.7% (2/12) recruited apparently healthy adults. A total of 914 positive cases were genotyped, primarily employing genetic loci such as <i>bg</i> (<i>beta giardin</i>), <i>tpi</i> (<i>triose phosphate isomerase</i>), and <i>gdh</i> (<i>glutamate dehydrogenase</i>). All the studies identified the two main human assemblages of <i>G. duodenalis</i>, notably Assemblage A and B, with five out of 12 identifying mixed infections of Assemblages A and B. This review revealed <i>G. duodenalis</i> Assemblage A in 22.6% (207/914) of cases using specific <i>Giardia</i> assemblage primers. Assemblage B was found in 70% (640/914) of cases, and mixed infection with A and B assemblages was seen in the remaining cases at 6.7% (61/914). The review showed a 31.9% prevalence of <i>G. duodenalis</i> and giardiasis across Africa.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this review suggest a relatively high prevalence of <i>G. duodenalis</i> infections in Africa. There is also significant genetic diversity of <i>G. duodenalis</i> across regions in sub-Saharan Africa, with Assemblage B being the most dominant.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1232330"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12543586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145355199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiologic Assessment of Parasitic Contaminants on Raw Vegetables Sold in Accra, Ghana.","authors":"Reuben Essel Arhin, Henry Kwadwo Hackman, Charity Ahiabor, Henry Selasi Datsomor, Nana Kwame Ohene-Bekoe Junior, Rejoice Kafui Adjei, Siaw Teye Okpenor, Fauzia Awudu, Joellina Anang","doi":"10.1155/japr/1316135","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/1316135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parasitic infections can occur by eating contaminated vegetables. This study was aimed at assessing the risk of transmission of intestinal parasitic contaminants from raw vegetables sold in Accra. Three hundred (300) vegetables (cabbage, carrots, green pepper, tomatoes, lettuce, and cucumbers) were sampled from Accra markets, and survey data on potential risk factors were collected from vendors using a semistructured questionnaire. Sediments prepared from washings of the vegetables were used for wet mounts, and the parasites were identified using a microscope. The parasitic contamination rate was 55.0%. Hookworms (16.2%) and <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> (14.6%) were the predominant parasitic metazoans, whereas <i>Giardia</i> species (14.1%) was the predominant parasitic protozoan. There was a significant association between the category of vegetables (<i>p</i> = 0.0489) and parasitic contamination. There was also a significant association between the mode of display of the vegetables (<i>p</i> = 0.0334) and parasitic contamination. Parasitic contaminants were 1.393 times more likely to occur in green leafy vegetables than in others and 1.762 times more likely to occur on vegetables displayed on the floor than those in baskets. There is a high prevalence of parasitic contaminants on vegetables sold in Accra, and this is potentially a source of transmission of parasitic infections if proper decontamination procedures are not followed before consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1316135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12539997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145345889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Intensity, and Risk Factors of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> and Other Intestinal Parasites: A Cross-Sectional Study in Rural Agricultural Communities of Lango Subregion, Uganda.","authors":"John Paul Byagamy, Robert Opiro, Margaret Nyafwono, Geoffrey Maxwell Malinga, Richard Echodu, Emmanuel Igwaro Odongo-Aginya","doi":"10.1155/japr/8867072","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/8867072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In developing countries such as Uganda, intestinal parasitic infections and schistosomiasis remain a serious threat to public health. Local epidemiological data are critical for the prevention and control of the disease. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence, intensity, and risk factors of schistosomiasis and other intestinal parasite infections among rural agricultural communities in the Lango subregion, northern Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was carried out in Lira city, Kole, and Lira district in the Lango subregion, northern Uganda, involving 438 participants aged between 5 and 85 years. Urine and stool samples were collected and examined for parasites using urine circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA), filtration methods, and the Odongo-Aginya technique. Information on sociodemographic factors and other predisposing factors to infections was obtained using questionnaires. Descriptive analyses using frequency and percentages were used to summarize the independent and dependent variables. Pearson's chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the association between <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> infections and risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of parasitic infections using the Odongo-Aginya method was 120/438 (27.4%). <i>S. mansoni</i> was the dominant parasite with 93/438 (21.2%), and <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i> (2.5%), <i>Entamoeba complex</i> (0.9%), <i>hookworms</i> (0.7%), and <i>Entamoeba coli</i>, <i>Enterobius vermicularis</i>, and <i>Diphyllobothrium latum</i> (0.5%), respectively, and <i>Trichuris trichiura</i>, <i>Fasciola hepatica</i>, <i>Giardia lamblia</i>, <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i>, <i>Paragonimus westermani</i>, and <i>Trichostrongylus ova</i> (0.2%). <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> was not detected in the study. There were light, moderate, and heavy infections with <i>S. mansoni</i> among the participants with 66 (72%), 24 (26%), and 2 (2.2%), respectively. According to multivariable logistic regression analysis, participant age (AOR = 1.448, 95% CI: 1.207-1.737, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and subcounty location (AOR = 1.837, 95% CI: 1.274-2.650, <i>p</i> < 0.001) were significantly associated with <i>S. mansoni</i> infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study reveals that <i>S. mansoni</i> infections are still highly prevalent in Lango subregion, with age and subcounty location as major risk factors. The findings highlight an ongoing public health challenge, particularly among high-risk age groups and in specific localities. Targeted interventions, such as sustained mass drug administration of at-risk population groups and locations, improved access to safe drinking water, and community health education, are essential to reduce infection rates and improve overall well-being in affected areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8867072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12535473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Associated Risk Factors of Haemonchosis and Burden of Strongyle Nematode of Small Ruminants in Bishoftu, Oromia, Central Ethiopia.","authors":"Tigist Shittu Demessie, Dereje Regassa Nigussie, Tolcha Mitiku Biru, Yihenew Getahun Ambaw","doi":"10.1155/japr/4417948","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/4417948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Haemonchus contortus</i> is a significant blood-sucking parasitic disease. It causes economic loss through animal death and decreased production. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bishoftu town, Oromia, Central Ethiopia, from November 2023 to May 2024 to estimate the prevalence of <i>H. contortus</i> infection and associated risk factors in shoats. A total of 384 fecal samples (262 sheep and 122 goats) were collected, with the overall prevalence of 66.9% but higher in sheep (73.3%) than goats (53.3%), females (58.6%) than males (78.5%), and in young animals. Management, age, sex, and small ruminant species were statistically significant risk factors for the prevalence of <i>H. contortus</i> in small ruminants. The mean fecal worm egg count for all small ruminants was 800 EPG. In <i>Haemonchus</i>-infected, the level of parasite burden in shoats was 58.8% (severe), 12.1% (moderate), and 29.2% (light). Small ruminant species, sex, age group, body condition, and management had statistically significant associations with the levels of strongyle egg count. <i>H. contortus</i> in shoats is a prevalent disease in Bishoftu. Therefore, it is important to implement targeted and seasonally based deworming strategies using effective anthelmintics, particularly before periods of high parasite transmission. This approach should be based on local epidemiological data to reduce parasite resistance and emphasize the susceptibility of young and female sheep and goats.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4417948"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12534157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Medical Students' Knowledge, Performance, and Understanding of Parasitic Diseases, With a Focus on <i>Leishmania</i>.","authors":"Safa Najafi, Batool Ghafle Marammazi, Mohammad Hossein Feiz Haddad, Elham Farhadi, Sirous Rafiei Asl","doi":"10.1155/japr/2660508","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/2660508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Leishmaniasis</i> is a prevalent parasitic disease in the tropical and subtropical regions of Iran and represents a major public health concern in the country. This study is aimed at assessing the level of knowledge, performance, and recognition among medical students regarding parasitic diseases, with particular emphasis on <i>Leishmania</i> infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive-analytical study was conducted at Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, focusing on a population of medical students, including interns and residents. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of three main sections: demographic information (including age, gender, education level, history of student parasitic disease, student's previous clinical exposure to patients with parasitic infections, parasitology course grade, and main sources of information), knowledge, and performance assessment. Data were analyzed using SPSS software Version 26. Independent <i>t</i>-test, chi-square, and one-way ANOVA were used to assess the relationships between demographic variables and levels of awareness and performance. A <i>p</i> value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>According to the results, 50.2% of the participants were female, most of whom were single, with a mean age of 25.52 ± 3.107 years. The average scores for knowledge and performance regarding parasitic diseases-with an emphasis on <i>Leishmania</i>-were 13.681 ± 3.706 and 16.195 ± 0.902, respectively. These findings indicate that the students possessed a moderate level of knowledge but demonstrated good performance. Notably, awareness levels were significantly higher among female students and interns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is important to highlight that enhancing the awareness of medical students through face-to-face training, mobile-based education, and seminars can significantly reduce the risk of leishmaniasis transmission. By bridging the gap between public awareness and practical implementation, these future healthcare professionals who play a crucial role in education and treatment will be better qualified to control parasitic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2660508"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12520798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145301634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}