Journal of Parasitology Research最新文献

{"title":"Study on the Seroprevalence of Cystic Echinococcosis and Toxocariasis in the Rural Population Referred to Reference Laboratory in Urmia, Northwest Iran.","authors":"Fatemeh Ramzi, Rasool Jafari, Elham Yousefi","doi":"10.1155/japr/8850347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/japr/8850347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Cystic echinococcosis (CE) and toxocariasis are the two important zoonoses worldwide, and both are endemic in Iran, especially in rural areas. The present study was aimed at determining the seroprevalence of human CE and toxocariasis in rural inhabitants of Urmia District, Northwest Iran. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> During 6 months (January to May 2023), 698 sera were obtained from the rural population of Urmia District, Northwest Iran, referred to the reference laboratory in Urmia. Seropositivity for CE and toxocariasis was determined in 698 and 430 individuals using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (ELISA), respectively. Data were analyzed with SPSS v.23 software using respective tests. <b>Results:</b> Eight out of 698 (1.1%) and 87 out of 430 (19.9%) of sera were positive for anti-<i>Echinococcus</i> IgG and anti-<i>Toxocara</i> IgG, respectively. The CE seropositivity was 1.3% in females compared to 0.8% in males. Anti-<i>Toxocara</i> seropositivity was significantly lower in females (46, 17.0%; <i>p</i> = 0.036, OR = 0.628) compared to males (41, 24.6%). Furthermore, the seropositivity was significantly higher in patients with a history of consistent dog contact and those who consumed raw vegetables without washing with disinfectants/detergents. A patient was found to be coinfected by both infections, CE and toxocariasis. <b>Conclusion:</b> Based on the results of the present study, both CE and toxocariasis are present in rural areas of Urmia District, which is alarming, because CE is a serious infection even with low prevalence. Toxocariasis, on the other hand, is considerably high in prevalence, showing the high risk of infection with <i>Toxocara</i> spp. in these areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8850347"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Malaria Parasite Geometrical Mean and Clinical Spectrum of Severe Disease in a High-Transmission Setting in Eastern Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Emma Isaiah Eregu Egiru, Cate Namayanja, George Paasi, William Okiror, Paul Ongodia, Charles Benard Okalebo, Rita Muhindo, Grace Abongo, Faith Oguttu, Ambrose Okibure, Francis Okello, Crispus Tegu, David Mukunya, Martin Chebet, Peter Olupot-Olupot","doi":"10.1155/japr/4801721","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/4801721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Malaria burden remains significant, especially in high-transmission settings. While some data show an association between severe malaria and high-malaria parasite geometrical mean (GM), few data describe this phenomenon in malaria high-transmission settings. We described the malaria parasite GM and clinical spectrum of severe malaria in Eastern Uganda to advance understanding of its implications on disease severity and patient outcomes. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a cross-sectional study in Mbale Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH), Eastern Uganda. Children admitted with severe malaria confirmed by microscopy with ages between 2 months and 12 years were enrolled in the study from September 21, 2021, to September 21, 2022. Data were collected on patient sociodemographics, clinical symptoms and signs, laboratory parameters, treatment details, and outcomes. From the blood samples collected at the bedside, blood films/smears were made. The malaria parasite count was obtained from the patients' smears by counting the malaria parasites against 200 white blood cells (WBCs). The GMs of malaria were obtained after the logarithmic transformation of the parasite counts. Data were analyzed using Stata 15, and significant associations were reported at <i>p</i> values of 0.05 at 95% confidence intervals. <b>Results:</b> A total of 376 children with a mean age of 4.65 years were recruited, of whom 57.71% (217/376) were male. Children under 5 years constituted 61.7% (232/376). The common clinical manifestations were prostration 76.9% (289/376), jaundice 55.6% (209/376), severe anemia 48.4% (182/377), and hemoglobinuria 46.5% (175/376). The overall malaria parasite GM was 12,238.42 parasites/microliter (95% CI: 9166.72-16,339.43). The highest GM of 197,000 parasites/microliter (95% CI: 40,817.64-946,368) and the lowest of 8938.185 parasites/microliter (95% CI: 5932.8-13,466.01) were observed in shock and severe anemia, respectively. Inpatient mortality was 3.4%. <b>Conclusion:</b> In malaria high-transmission settings of Eastern Uganda, patients with severe malaria had low parasite GMs similar to those in uncomplicated malaria. Thus, malaria parasite GM should not be relied upon to determine disease severity in these settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4801721"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144266444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Dogs and Potential Implications to Human Health in Accra, Ghana.","authors":"Isaac Anim-Baidoo, Allotey Celia Naa Adorkor, Sherry A M Johnson, Thomas Koge Tingan, Akua Obeng Forson, Enid Owusu, Michael Olu-Taiwo, Eric Sampene-Donkor","doi":"10.1155/japr/3973074","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/3973074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dogs provide security and companionship and enhance the psychological well-being of humans but also carry potential zoonotic pathogens posing a public health risk. This study was conducted to detect gastrointestinal parasites in dogs and determine their potential risk to human health. In all, 288 dog fecal samples were collected per rectum from a veterinary and community in Accra, Ghana. The samples were examined by flotation and sedimentation techniques and parasites identified using standard morphological criteria. Questionnaires were administered to dog owners for information on knowledge of zoonosis and pet management practices. The prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in the dogs was 38.2% (110 infected out of the total 288 dogs from both veterinary and the community). The infection rate in community dogs was 70.8% (85 infected out of 120 dogs) and 14.9% (25 infected out of 168 dogs) in veterinary dogs. At the veterinary, three different parasites, namely, hookworm (11.3%), <i>Toxocara</i> spp. (2.4%), and taeniids (1.2%), were detected, while nine different species, including <i>Ancylostoma caninum</i> and <i>Toxocara</i> spp., were observed in community dogs. The study revealed a significantly higher prevalence of parasites in female dogs (41.4%) than in males (35.6%) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Young dogs (1-40 weeks) recorded significantly lower prevalence (<i>p</i> < 0.05) than older ones. The highest prevalence among the dog species at the veterinary occurred in coonhound dark tan (50%) and pit bull (50%). There was a significant association between infection status and dog owners in the community who did not visit veterinary (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and veterinary dogs not dewormed (<i>p</i> = 0.003). No significant association existed between dog owners' knowledge of zoonosis and infection (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The odds showed that dogs of owners who did not visit veterinary and local domestic dogs were more likely to be parasitized. Our findings suggest a potential risk of dog parasites to human health and highlight the need to control the movement of dogs to public places and encourage dog owners to visit veterinary, as well as regularly deworm the dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3973074"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthelmintic Activity of Hydroethanolic Extract of <i>Senegalia senegal</i> (L.) Britton (Fabaceae) on the Small Ruminant Parasite <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>.","authors":"Denis Danwe Djambo, André Perfusion Amang, Mathieu Djongra, Dieudonné Ndjonka","doi":"10.1155/japr/8782416","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/8782416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anthelmintics used to control haemonchosis in small ruminants have several limitations; the most notable of which are resistance and reinfestation. The aim of this study was to investigate the anthelmintic effect of the hydroethanolic extract of <i>Senegalia senegal</i> (HESS) against the parasite <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>. The hydroethanolic extract was tested in vitro on the various developmental stages of <i>H. contortus</i> and in vivo in goats infested by this parasite. The acute toxicity of HESS was assessed in mice according to Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Line 425. HESS inhibited egg hatching with LC₅₀ values = 1.51 mg/mL and LC₉₀ = 2.57 mg/mL; this extract was also lethal with LC₅₀ values = 1.25 mg/mL and LC₉₀ = 1.99 mg/mL on Stage 3 larvae and LC₅₀ = 1.28 mg/mL and LC₉₀ = 1.04 mg/mL on adult females; HESS at a dose of 500 mg/kg deparasitized goats, inducing a 91.27% reduction in fecal egg excretion, a 94.73% reduction in parasite load, and a 57.65% reduction in female fertility. The secondary metabolites present in the extract were phenolic compounds, of which tannins (243.12 ± 0.76 mg ECA/gDM) accounted for the majority. HESS at a dose of 2000 mg/kg did not induce any clinical signs of toxicity or mortality in mice. These results would justify the traditional use of <i>S. senegal</i> to control the gastrointestinal strongyle, <i>H. contortus.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8782416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12136857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic Effect of Microwave Radiation on <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Tachyzoites of RH Strain: A Method for Partial Immunization in BALB/c Mice.","authors":"Amin Shamsaei, Iraj Mohammadpour, Zahra Mohammadi, Qasem Asgari","doi":"10.1155/japr/1666892","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/1666892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> is a ubiquitous protozoan parasite causing toxoplasmosis in humans. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of microwave on the viability and infectivity of <i>T. gondii</i> tachyzoites of the RH strain, both in vitro and in vivo. <i>T. gondii</i> tachyzoites of the RH strain were treated with microwave radiation for 5, 10, 15, and 20 s. The viability of treated tachyzoites was assessed using flow cytometry. The in vitro infectivity of these treated tachyzoites was investigated using the HeLa cell culture. For in vivo studies, BALB/c mice received two injections of treated tachyzoites mixed with Freund's adjuvant, over a fortnight interval, and their daily survival rates were monitored. Subsequently, untreated tachyzoites were inoculated into surviving mice in order to evaluate induced immunity. The produced IgG antibody titers in surviving mice were measured using the modified agglutination test. The flow cytometry method showed mortality rates of 46.89%, 74.11%, 88.38%, and 99.34% for the treated tachyzoites at 5, 10, 15, and 20 s, respectively. An in vitro analysis showed no proliferation of treated tachyzoites at 10- to 20-s time points after 24, 48, and 72 h. An in vivo study showed that all mice injected with tachyzoites treated for 5 s died, while those treated for 10-20 s survived. Mice that survived were exposed to untreated tachyzoites and showed a significant viability rate up to 18 days. The modified agglutination test showed an antibody titer of 1:80 in partially immunized mice. These results suggest that microwave-treated tachyzoites combined with Freund's adjuvant greatly enhance survival rates, reduce infectivity, and induce a humoral immune response in mice, offering partial protection against acute toxoplasmosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1666892"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12133370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Records of <i>Coquillettidia</i> (<i>Coquillettidia</i>) <i>richiardii</i> and <i>Culex</i> (<i>Culex</i>) <i>perexiguus/univittatus</i> (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes in Galicia (Northwest Spain).","authors":"María Isabel Silva-Torres, Yasmina Martínez-Barciela, Alejandro Polina González, Jose Manuel Pereira Martínez, Ánxela Pousa Ortega, Josefina Garrido González, Rita Sánchez-Andrade, María Sol Arias-Vázquez","doi":"10.1155/japr/8881802","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/8881802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three females of <i>Coquillettidia richiardii</i> (Ficalbi, 1889) and one female of <i>Culex perexiguus</i> Theobald, 1903/<i>Culex univitattus</i> Theobald, 1901, were recorded for the first time in Galicia (Northwest Spain) during entomological surveillance carried out by the regional vector surveillance network (ReGaViVec) between 2018 and 2022. The specimens were collected from a livestock farm in a <i>Csa</i> (hot Mediterranean summer) climatic zone and a private yard in a <i>Csb</i> (warm Mediterranean summer) climatic zone, according to the Köppen classification. Both species are recognized vectors of pathogens with medical and veterinary implications, underscoring the importance of recording their presence. This study documents their distribution in the region, examines the factors contributing to their detection, and highlights the need for ongoing and systematic vector surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8881802"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point-of-Care Evaluation of Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test (mRDT) for Detection of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Among Children Under 5 Years of Age Attending Panyadoli Health Center III in Kiryandongo Refugee Settlement, Mid-Western Uganda.","authors":"Dorcus Acan, Robert Opiro, Jacob Okot, Simon Peter Alarakol","doi":"10.1155/japr/9956261","DOIUrl":"10.1155/japr/9956261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Malaria places a significant burden on Africa, accounting for 95% of global cases and 96% of malaria-related deaths, with children under five comprising 80% of these fatalities. Refugees and displaced persons face higher risks due to overcrowding and limited healthcare. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test (mRDT) with microscopy among children under 5 years old who sought medical care at Panyadoli Health Center III in Panyadoli Refugee Settlement, Kiryandongo District, Uganda. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted among refugee children under 5 years old from February to April 2023. A total of 380 blood specimens were obtained using the finger prick method and examined for malaria parasites using mRDT and microscopy. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while Kappa value was used to provide insights into the agreement between the two diagnostic methods. <b>Results:</b> The prevalence of malaria among the study participants using mRDT and microscopy was 12.8% (95% CI: 8.0%-17.8%) and 12.2% (95% CI: 7.4%-17.4%), respectively. The sensitivity (Sn) and specificity (Sp) of mRDT were 94.5% (95% CI: 89%-98%), Sp at 94.0% (95% CI: 87%-98%), positive predictive value (PPV) at 92.0% (95% CI: 85%-96%), and negative predictive value (NPV) at 97.0% (95% CI: 93%-100%). The Sn and Sp of microscopy were 92.5% (95% CI: 87%-98%), Sp was 96.8% (95% CI: 91%-99%), PPV was 94.5% (95% CI: 89%-98%), and NPV was 97.5% (95% CI: 93%-99%). The overall kappa statistic (<i>κ</i>) for agreement between mRDT and microscopy was 0.75 (95% CI: 0.70-0.80), reflecting moderate to strong agreement between the two diagnostic methods. <b>Conclusion:</b> The study found comparable malaria prevalence using mRDT and microscopy. Both methods showed high Sn and Sp with moderate to strong agreement, supporting mRDT's reliability in diagnosis. Due to its high accuracy and strong agreement with microscopy, mRDT can reliably diagnose malaria in resource-limited settings; however, confirmatory testing and periodic quality controls are recommended for accuracy and case management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9956261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasitic Infections Among Patients Requesting Stool Examination at Kidus Harvey Health Center, Ayna Bugina District, North Wollo, Ethiopia.","authors":"Awoke Eshetie, Tilahun Yohannes, Muluken Dejen","doi":"10.1155/japr/5596158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/japr/5596158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) remain a significant global health burden, disproportionately affecting developing nations. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of IPIs among patients visiting Kidus Harvey Health Center in North Wollo, Ethiopia, from February to April 2023. Stool samples and questionnaire data were collected from 404 voluntary participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20, employing descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The overall prevalence of IPIs was 41.09% (166/404). <i>E. histolytica/dispar</i> (16.34%) and <i>A. lumbricoides</i> (7.2%) were the predominant parasitic species. Significant risk factors identified included marital status (married: AOR = 3.536, 95%CI = 1.515-8.250, <i>p</i> = 0.003), occupation (farmers: AOR = 2.447, 95%CI = 0.816-7.337, <i>p</i> = 0.04), family size (> 9 members: AOR = 2.860, 95%CI = 0.619-13.206, <i>p</i> = 0.008), infrequent handwashing before meals, infrequent shoe wearing, contact with water bodies, untreated water sources, and raw meat consumption. The high prevalence of IPIs underscores the need for targeted public health interventions. These interventions should prioritize promoting personal and environmental sanitation, reducing raw meat consumption, and preventing unprotected contact with soil and water. Comprehensive public health campaigns delivering specific hygiene education to high-risk groups, emphasizing handwashing, shoe wearing, and safe water practices, are essential to mitigate the burden of IPIs in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5596158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12043435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Topical Pyrethroids and Benzoyl Peroxide for Treating Chorioptic Mange in Spanish-Breton Horses.","authors":"Juan D Carbonell, Nélida Fernández, Manuel J Escobar, Maria T Álvarez, Lucia Sánchez, Aday Hernández, Aránzazu Meana","doi":"10.1155/japr/8948099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/japr/8948099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chorioptic mange is a challenging condition to treat due to the superficial locations of the nonhematophagous mite <i>Chorioptes bovis</i>, and while topical acaricides are recommended, the clinical feature relapses are frequent. In a double-blinded clinical trial, three randomized groups of Spanish-Breton horses (<i>n</i> = 32) naturally infected with <i>C. bovis</i> on their legs were evaluated over a period of 70 days. All treatments were applied once every 14 days for three treatments. Before treatment and on Day (D)10, D25, D37, D56, and D70, each leg per animal was scored according to equine pastern dermatitis clinical presentations and severity (1 = mild, 2 = exudative, and 3 = chronic proliferative), and mite reduction was calculated using a 2 <i>cm</i> × 6 <i>cm</i> adhesive tape counting total mites on D36, D56, and D70. The trial aimed to assess the clinical improvement and efficacy of a topical pyrethroid emulsion alone (Group 1), and in combination with benzoyl peroxide (Group 2), compared to a control group (Group 3). The trial also included environmental disinfection. The acaricide efficacy was determined using Abbott's formula. Our analysis reveals no adverse reactions attributable to the treatment, yet lesions showed limited clinical improvement. Both treatment groups exhibited mite reduction compared to the control. The mite reduction on the evaluated days was 14.58%, 47.62%, and 55.77% for Group 1 and 85.42%, 88.10%, and 78.85% for Group 2, respectively. The mite reduction was significant in Group 2 on D56 and D70 (<i>p</i> < 0.0156) compared to the pretreatment and superior to Group 1 (<i>p</i> < 0.0229) at the end of the study (D70). The age and mite numbers showed no significant connection. In horses with higher clinical scores, there were no significant changes, most probably due to the short length of the study. The combination of benzoyl peroxide with topical pyrethroids can reduce the numbers of <i>C. bovis</i> mites, and it can be considered an alternative therapeutic option in horses.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8948099"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Associated Risk Factors Among Children in an Internally Displaced Center (IDC) in Kosti City of the White Nile State, Sudan.","authors":"Abdelhakam G Tamomh, Mohamed Osman Ali, Williams Walana, Neima Mhmoud Mohammed, Ibrahim M Hassan, Manasik Elghali Hamed, Mohamed JamalAldein Alkab, Ghalia Ibrahim Mohammed, Einas Abohurairh Albashir, Rayan Obeid Mahmoud, Malaz Salah Ahmed","doi":"10.1155/japr/5542680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/japr/5542680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are considered a global health problem, especially in developing countries such as Sudan. Over three million people have been displaced in Sudan due to civil war, and children are severely affected. However, there is limited data regarding IPIs among children in internally displaced centers (IDCs) in the White Nile State, especially in Kosti City. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of IPIs and the associated risk factors among Sudanese children in an IDC in Kosti City, White Nile State, Sudan. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted among 508 children at the IDC, and 508 corresponding stool samples were collected. Parents and guardians of children aged 1-10 were contacted randomly to voluntarily enroll their wards in the study. The sample collection period was from June 15th to November 15th, 2023. The stool samples were examined using direct wet mount and formal ether concentration techniques. <b>Results:</b> The overall prevalence of IPIs among children of the IDC was 33.9% (172/508). Specifically, the prevalence of intestinal parasites (IPs) among the children were <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> (6.7%), <i>Giardia lamblia</i> (25.0%), and <i>Hymenolepis nana</i> (2.2%). Age-wise, the proportion of IPIs among children (1-5 years) was 29.8% (59/198), and those 6-10 years were 40.3% (125/310), <i>p</i> < 0.05. IPIs among males (32.1%) were less than females (34.9%), <i>p</i> > 0.05. <b>Conclusion:</b> The study concluded a relatively high prevalence of IPIs among children in IDC in Kosti City, White Nile State, Sudan. Therefore, a swift public intervention plan is needed, such as improving hygiene and sanitation, health education, and periodic screening and deworming of the affected population, particularly children.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5542680"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12011460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}