Journal of Orthopaedic Research®最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Identifying Potential Biomarkers","authors":"Bhavneet Kaur,&nbsp;Diksha Rana,&nbsp;Monidipa Konar,&nbsp;Rinkle Sharma,&nbsp;Devendra K. Chouhan,&nbsp;Uttam Chand Saini,&nbsp;Mahesh Prakash,&nbsp;Amit Arora,&nbsp;Mandeep S. Dhillon,&nbsp;Jyotdeep Kaur,&nbsp;Indu Verma,&nbsp;Sadhna Sharma","doi":"10.1002/jor.26092","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26092","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates proteomic differences between knee osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to identify protein signatures with potential diagnostic and therapeutic relevance. Using SWATH mass spectrometry, synovial fluid proteome from OA patients across Kellgren–Lawrence OA grades 2, 3, and 4 was analyzed and compared with RA patients. Out of 333 quantified proteins, 45 were differentially expressed, including aggrecan, versican, and inflammation-related proteins (e.g., CRP, APCS, S100A8, and SAA2). ELISA validation confirmed aggrecan, versican, and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) as significantly altered proteins in OA compared to RA, along with distinct trends with OA progression and mirrored patterns in paired serum samples. ROC curve analysis highlighted COMP's strong diagnostic potential, with an AUC of 96%, 87.2%, and 85.2% for OA grades 2, 3, and 4 versus RA, respectively. COMP differentiated OA from RA at a synovial fluid concentration of &lt; 3136 ng/mL, AUC of 92.1%, 89% sensitivity, and 82% specificity. Versican also demonstrated diagnostic utility, particularly in later OA stages. Gender-specific analysis revealed no differences for aggrecan and versican, while COMP levels were significantly higher in males. Simultaneously, a lower aggrecan, versican, and COMP levels were observed in OA (females) as compared to RA, potentially linked to estrogen decline with age and cartilage degradation. However, gender variability underscores the need for a larger, sex-balanced cohort study. Future studies could aim to account for validating COMP's diagnostic potential with healthy controls, demonstrating its reliability to characterize different OA grades.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 8","pages":"1396-1412"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144159700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI in Orthopedic Research: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Abdulhamit Misir,&nbsp;Ali Yuce","doi":"10.1002/jor.26109","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26109","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing orthopedic research and clinical practice by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, optimizing treatment strategies, and streamlining clinical workflows. Recent advances in deep learning have enabled the development of algorithms that detect fractures, grade osteoarthritis, and identify subtle pathologies in radiographic and magnetic resonance images with performance comparable to expert clinicians. These AI-driven systems reduce missed diagnoses and provide objective, reproducible assessments that facilitate early intervention and personalized treatment planning. Moreover, AI has made significant strides in predictive analytics by integrating diverse patient data—including gait and imaging features—to forecast surgical outcomes, implant survivorship, and rehabilitation trajectories. Emerging applications in robotics, augmented reality, digital twin technologies, and exoskeleton control promise to further transform preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance. Despite these promising developments, challenges such as data heterogeneity, algorithmic bias, and the “black box” nature of many models—as well as issues with robust validation—remain. This comprehensive review synthesizes current developments, critically examines limitations, and outlines future directions for integrating AI into musculoskeletal care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 8","pages":"1508-1527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in Mechanical Properties of 5.5 mm Cobalt Chromium and Titanium Spinal Rods Across Suppliers","authors":"Vidyadhar V. Upasani,&nbsp;Dylan G. Kluck,&nbsp;Christine L. Farnsworth,&nbsp;Naman U. Shah,&nbsp;Burt Yaszay,&nbsp;Jason P. Caffrey,&nbsp;Peter O. Newton","doi":"10.1002/jor.26107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26107","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Cobalt chromium (CoCr) and titanium (Ti) alloys are popular spinal rod choices due to biocompatibility, less imaging artifact than stainless steel, and greater corrosion resistance. This study assesses the mechanical behavior in bending of commercially available 5.5 mm diameter CoCr and Ti spinal rods in a four-point bending configuration. For each supplier, rod segments were loaded to 20 mm of deflection with continuous load and displacement recording. Rod mechanical properties were calculated. Suppliers were compared by ANOVA, with post hoc pairwise comparisons. For CoCr rods, flexural modulus and flexural stiffness varied across suppliers with maximum differences of 18.0 GPa and 47.0 N/mm, respectively, representing 11% and 15% variation. Range for CoCr rod yield load was 780–1004 N (29% variation), yield displacement was 2.3–2.8 mm, elastic displacement was 2.2–2.7 mm, and maximum load was 1791–2181 N, representing 22% variation. For Ti rods, flexural modulus and flexural stiffness varied across suppliers with maximum differences of 7.3 GPa and 24.3 N/mm, respectively, representing 9% and 14% variation. Range for Ti rod yield load was 1054–1207 N (14% variation), yield displacement was 5.9–7.0 mm, elastic displacement was 5.8–6.9 mm, and maximum load was 1515–1678 N, representing 11% variation. There is substantial variation in mechanical behavior in bending of CoCr and Ti rods (5.5 mm diameter) amongst suppliers, suggesting that they are not mechanically equivalent. Surgeons must ensure that the mechanical properties of a particular rod meet the requirements of the surgical correction required.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 8","pages":"1493-1500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open High Tibial Osteotomy Alters Lower Limb Muscle Activation During Gait Stance Phase","authors":"Jie Dong,&nbsp;Hujun Wang,&nbsp;Yuling Wang,&nbsp;Hongqing Wang,&nbsp;Fenglong Sun,&nbsp;Kemin Liu","doi":"10.1002/jor.26110","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26110","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the impact of changes in weight-bearing line following open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) on muscle activation within the lower limb kinetic chain in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis (KOA). A cohort study was conducted with 21 patients diagnosed with KOA who underwent HTO. Three-dimensional gait analysis and surface electromyography were performed preoperatively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Seven lower limb muscles were assessed for co-contraction index, integrated electromyography, root mean square, duration, and SMA during the stance phase. Intragroup and intergroup comparisons were made using one-way and repeated-measures analysis of variance. Preoperatively, the co-contraction indices of the vastus medialis–biceps femoris and vastus medialis–gastrocnemius were significantly higher compared with other muscle pairs (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), but these indices decreased significantly at 6 and 12 months postoperatively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The integrated electromyography and root mean square values for six muscles, excluding the vastus lateralis, significantly increased at 6 months postsurgery (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). At 12 months, the root mean square value of the vastus lateralis decreased significantly compared with preoperative levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The gluteus medius and vastus medialis showed significant increases in integrated electromyography, root mean square, and duration of muscle activation at 12 months postoperatively, along with earlier muscle activation timing (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The vastus medialis demonstrated improved activation compared with preoperative levels. HTO reduces co-contraction indices, enhances muscle activation, and improves lower limb muscle coordination within 1 year postoperatively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 8","pages":"1454-1462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Prolonged Hamstrings Vibration Reduces Limb Stiffness Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction During a Single-Limb Drop-Jump Task","authors":"Timothy Lowe,&nbsp;Hao-Yuan Hsiao,&nbsp;Xuanliang Neil Dong,&nbsp;Lisa Griffin","doi":"10.1002/jor.26105","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26105","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Impaired quadriceps function influences lower limb biomechanics following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This often results in stiff limb loading which leads to the development of knee osteoarthritis. Greater hamstrings/quadriceps co-activation is common after ACLR and is, in part, responsible for impaired quadriceps function. Prolonged vibration of the hamstrings can alleviate reciprocal inhibition of the quadriceps and enhance quadriceps activation. We hypothesize that this will also reduce limb stiffness. Fourteen participants with unilateral ACLR, and 14 non-injured individuals performed a single-leg drop-landing task, before and after 20 min of hamstrings vibration. Limb stiffness, peak vertical ground reaction force, peak instantaneous loading rate, knee excursion, and peak knee extension moment were calculated during the loading phase of the drop-landing task. The ACLR group had significantly greater limb stiffness (<i>p</i> = 0.002), peak vertical ground reaction force (<i>p</i> = 0.004), loading rate (<i>p</i> = 0.001), significantly less knee excursion (<i>p</i> = 0.009) and knee extension moment (<i>p</i> = 0.013) before vibration than non-injured controls. Vibration significantly reduced limb stiffness (<i>p</i> = 0.001), peak vertical ground reaction force (<i>p</i> = 0.001), loading rate (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), significantly increased knee excursion (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and knee extension moment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) in the ACLR group. No significant differences were found following vibration in the non-injured control group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results demonstrate that prolonged vibration of the hamstrings has the potential to mitigate the stiff limb loading strategy linked to knee osteoarthritis development, and may represent an effective adjunct therapy for ACLR rehabilitation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 8","pages":"1442-1453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.26105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Accuracy in Pelvic Tumor Resections Using a Real-Time Vision-Guided Surgical System","authors":"Vahid Danesh,&nbsp;Paul Arauz,&nbsp;Maede Boroji,&nbsp;Andrew Zhu,&nbsp;Mia Cottone,&nbsp;Elaine Gould,&nbsp;Fazel A. Khan,&nbsp;Imin Kao","doi":"10.1002/jor.26111","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26111","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pelvic bone tumor resections remain significantly challenging due to complex three-dimensional anatomy and limited surgical visualization. While accurate, current navigation systems and patient-specific instruments present limitations, including high costs, radiation exposure, workflow disruption, long production time, and lack of reusability. This study evaluates a real-time vision-guided surgical system combined with modular jigs to improve accuracy in pelvic bone tumor resections. A vision-guided surgical system combined with modular cutting jigs and real-time optical tracking was developed and validated. Five male pelvis sawbones were used, with each hemipelvis randomly assigned to either the vision-guided and modular jig system or the traditional freehand method. A total of 20 resection planes were analyzed for each method. Accuracy was assessed by measuring distance and angular deviations from the planned resection planes. The vision-guided and modular jig system significantly improved resection accuracy compared to the freehand method, reducing the mean distance deviation from 2.07 ± 1.71 mm to 1.01 ± 0.78 mm (<i>p</i> = 0.0193). In particular, all specimens resected using the vision-guided system exhibited errors of less than 3 mm. Angular deviations also showed significant improvements with roll angle deviation reduced from 15.36 ± 17.57° to 4.21 ± 3.46° (<i>p</i> = 0.0275), and pitch angle deviation decreased from 6.17 ± 4.58° to 1.84 ± 1.48° (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The proposed vision-guided and modular jig system significantly improves the accuracy of pelvic bone tumor resections while maintaining workflow efficiency. This cost-effective solution provides real-time guidance without the need for referencing external monitors, potentially improving surgical outcomes in complex pelvic bone tumor cases.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 8","pages":"1485-1492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144127954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patellofemoral Cartilage Changes Are Not Associated With Quadriceps Metrics After ACLR With Patellar Tendon Autografts","authors":"McKenzie S. White,&nbsp;Steven A. Garcia,&nbsp;Yuxi Pang,&nbsp;Claire M. Casey,&nbsp;Riann M. Palmieri-Smith,&nbsp;Lindsey K. Lepley","doi":"10.1002/jor.26102","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quadriceps dysfunction (e.g., weakness or atrophy) is often implicated in the increased prevalence of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). However, the relationship between quadriceps dysfunction and PTOA development relies on limited insight. To this end, magnetic resonance T1rho relaxation times directly assess cartilage composition, yet the long-term relationship between cartilage composition and quadriceps dysfunction has not yet been explored within a single graft type. Our objectives were to assess cartilage composition using T1rho values 3 years post-ACLR via patellar tendon autograft and to examine associations between quadriceps strength or volume and cartilage composition. Twenty-four individuals with ACLR (male/female = 15/9, age = 22.8 ± 3.6 years, BMI = 23.2 ± 1.9, time since surgery = 3.3 ± 0.9 years) and 24 Controls (male/female = 14/10, age = 22.0 ± 3.1 years, BMI = 23.3 ± 2.6) participated. Linear mixed-effects models assessed T1rho values between ACLR, Contralateral, and Control Limbs. Linear regressions determined associations between quadriceps strength or volume with T1rho in significant regions identified by the linear mixed-effects models. T1rho values in the ACLR limb were 7%–12% longer in the medial and lateral patella, and trochlea compared to Contralateral and/or Control limbs (<i>p</i> = 0.009–0.049), with no associations with strength or volume (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Three years following ACLR via patellar tendon autograft, the patellofemoral joint exhibited compositional changes that were not associated with quadriceps strength or size. Future studies should explore if similar changes occur with other graft types and investigate the role of additional factors known to impact joint health (e.g., walking mechanics).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 8","pages":"1432-1441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peak Vertical Ground Reaction Force Modifies Gait Biomechanics Bilaterally Following ACL Reconstruction: A Randomized Experiment","authors":"Elizabeth Bjornsen,&nbsp;Alyssa Evans-Pickett,&nbsp;Hope Davis-Wilson,&nbsp;Amanda E. Munsch,&nbsp;J. Troy Blackburn,&nbsp;Jason R. Franz,&nbsp;Todd A. Schwartz,&nbsp;Jeffrey Spang,&nbsp;Brian Pietrosimone","doi":"10.1002/jor.26101","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26101","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) is a promising target for modifying aberrant gait biomechanics in individuals post-anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). However, an adequate sample size and arandomized, mechanistic study is needed to determine acute effects of vGRF biofeedback on biomechanical outcomes. The purpose of the study is to determine differences in discrete gait biomechanical variables (i.e., first and second peak vGRF, midstance vGRF, peak knee flexion angle (KFA), KFA range-of-motion (ROM), peak knee extension moment (KEM), and peak knee abduction moment (KAM) following a treadmill walking protocol between limbs and across four separate conditions in individuals 6–12 months post-ACLR. We utilized a randomized, cross-over mechanistic trial where participants walked for 3000 steps for three visual feedback conditions (i.e., HIGH, LOW, and SYMMETRICAL vGRF loading) and a control condition on a dual-belt treadmill. We constructed a mixed effects linear model to determine within-subject biomechanical changes between limbs and conditions. The HIGH condition elicited greater first peak vGRF, sagittal plane motion (i.e., peak KFA, KFA ROM), and peak KEM compared to the control condition (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). The LOW condition observed first peak vGRF and KFA ROM decreases but increased peak KFA and KEM (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) compared to the control condition. No notable biomechanical changes were observed between the SYMMETRICAL and control conditions. The HIGH condition produced acute, sagittal plane kinematic and kinetic profile improvements in ACLR individuals. vGRF is a viable target for modifying gait biomechanics; future work should determine the long-term health effects of vGRF-driven feedback treatment to improve gait profiles post-ACLR.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 8","pages":"1423-1431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced Testing Protocols Simulate Failures and Validate Antioxidant Polyethylene in Ankle Implants.","authors":"Ryan Siskey, Patrick Hall, Ruth Heckler, David Safranski, James Johnson, Ariel Palanca","doi":"10.1002/jor.26103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.26103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Total ankle replacement (TAR) has become an effective treatment for end-stage ankle osteoarthritis. Multiple factors, including patient characteristics, surgical technique, alignment, and bearing surfaces, influence TAR survivorship. Polyethylene (PE) fatigue is a key consideration in improving outcomes. This study establishes a novel, clinically relevant testing protocol incorporating varus-valgus rotation to simulate polyethylene fatigue failures observed in mobile-bearing total ankle replacements. Using this robust methodology, we evaluated the impact of oxidation and antioxidant stabilization on ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) performance in a mobile bearing implant application. A six-degree-of-freedom simulator was used to iteratively adjust loading parameters (1500-3000 N, -4° to +8° flexion-extension, ±5° axial rotation, and ±3° or ±8° varus-valgus rotation at 37 ± 3°C in 20 g/L bovine serum) until clinically observed midline fractures were replicated. Oxidation levels were measured by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy per ASTM F2102. This validated loading protocol was then applied to conventional (25 kGy GUR 1020) and vitamin E-stabilized (75 kGy GUR 1020-E) UHMWPE inserts and tested to visible fracture or a 3-million-cycle runout. Post-test fractographic analysis identified crack initiation sites. Conventional aged UHMWPE demonstrated fatigue failure under varus-valgus rotation (OI = 2.59 ± 1.11) but no failure without rotation. Vitamin E-stabilized UHMWPE showed no fatigue failure after 3 million cycles, even under varus-valgus rotation (OI = 0.23 ± 0.02). Fractography revealed fractures originating at the trough and propagating with cyclic loading. Oxidation significantly reduces polyethylene fatigue life, and varus-valgus rotation exacerbates this effect in mobile bearing TAR implants. Antioxidant-stabilized UHMWPE showed promising resistance to fatigue and oxidation. These findings support the role of antioxidant stabilization in improving TAR performance, and the protocols developed here provide a framework for assessing the safety of alternative materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aberrant Gait Biomechanics Linked to Cartilage Changes After ACL Reconstruction in Those With High Body Mass Index","authors":"Hyunwook Lee,&nbsp;Ashley N. Buck,&nbsp;Cortney Armitano-Lago,&nbsp;Robert A. Creighton,&nbsp;Ganesh M. Kamath,&nbsp;Jeffrey T. Spang,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Li,&nbsp;David Lalush,&nbsp;Jason R. Franz,&nbsp;J. Troy Blackburn,&nbsp;Brian Pietrosimone","doi":"10.1002/jor.26099","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26099","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and high body mass index (BMI) are strong risk factors for incident knee osteoarthritis. Limited research has evaluated the interaction between ACLR and high BMI on limb-level loading and early deleterious changes in cartilage health. The purpose of this study was to separately investigate the association between vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) loading profiles during gait and tibiofemoral cartilage composition in ACLR patients with high and normal BMI. Forty-three participants with primary unilateral ACLR (17 ± 14 months post-ACLR) were categorized as high (≥ 25 kg/m²; <i>n</i> = 18) or normal (&lt; 25 kg/m²; <i>n</i> = 25) BMI and performed an overground gait at self-selected speed. For biomechanical outcomes, we calculated the differences between first peak and midstance minimum (∆vGRF1) and between the second peak and midstance minimum (∆vGRF2). T1ρ relaxation time interlimb ratios (ILR), calculated as the T1ρ relaxation time in the ACLR relative to the uninjured limb, were calculated for the medial and lateral tibia and femur. Stepwise linear regressions were used to determine associations between biomechanical outcomes and T1ρ relaxation time ILR for each region of interest. Lesser ∆vGRF1 and ∆vGRF2 in the high-BMI group significantly associated with greater T1ρ relaxation time ILR for the medial femoral condyle (Δ<i>R</i>² = 0.28, <i>p</i> = 0.03; Δ<i>R</i>² = 0.25, <i>p</i> = 0.04, respectively) and tibial plateau (Δ<i>R</i>² = 0.55, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; Δ<i>R</i>² = 0.25, <i>p</i> = 0.004, respectively). Aberrant limb-level loading, characterized by less dynamic limb loading, is linked to deleterious changes in tibiofemoral cartilage in ACLR patients with high BMI, suggesting that gait retraining may be more critical for ACLR with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m².</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 8","pages":"1413-1422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.26099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}