Journal of Orthopaedic Research®最新文献

{"title":"Influence of Hip Prosthesis Position on Postoperative Gait After Primary THA in Patients With Unilateral Femoral Head Necrosis.","authors":"Yiming Wang, Kai Xu, Han Yu, Peng Xing, Yonglei Ma, Long Cheng, Runkai Zhao, Jianfang Yan, Lei Geng, Jincun Li, QingQing Qi, Yan Wang, Guo-Qiang Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jor.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the effect of hip component position on gait after primary THA in patients with unilateral femoral head necrosis. A total of 40 patients underwent primary THA due to unilateral femoral head osteonecrosis were enrolled in this study. The gait data and CT images of the hip and knee joints were obtained before and 3 months after operation. The changes of plantar gait before and after operation were compared, and the correlation between postoperative femoral anteversion angle and acetabular anteversion angle and postoperative gait data were analyzed. The postoperative acetabular anteversion angle was significantly higher than that before operation (p = 0.032), and there was no significant change in the femoral anteversion angle (p = 0.221). Compared with the preoperative, the postoperative gait speed (p = 0.002), stride frequency (p = 0.010), stride length (p = 0.013), touchdown angle (p = 0.011) and ground beat speed (p = 0.009) were significantly improved, and the postoperative foot offset angle was significantly reduced (p = 0.002). Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between postoperative femoral anteversion angle, acetabular anteversion angle and postoperative plantar gait data. The results showed that the magnitude of postoperative femoral anteversion angle was correlated with postoperative beat ground speed (p = 0.035) and postoperative step frequency (p = 0.027). For patients with unilateral femoral head necrosis undergoing primary THA, the postoperative acetabular anteversion angle was significantly correlated with postoperative foot offset angle and postoperative touchdown angle. The larger the postoperative acetabular anteversion angle was, the larger the postoperative foot offset angle was and the smaller the postoperative touchdown angle was.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Markerless and Conventional Marker-Based Shoulder Kinematics Models During Activities of Daily Living in Patients With Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis.","authors":"Ram Haddas, Nicholas Morriss, Emily Schillinger, Jonathan Minto, Patrick Castle, Dylan N Greif, Gabriel Ramirez, Patrick Barber, Gregg Nicandri, Sandeep Manava, Ilya Voloshin","doi":"10.1002/jor.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70047","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Markerless motion capture utilizes deep learning models to evaluate standard video from multiple cameras and is significantly more time-efficient than traditional marker-based systems in both setup and analysis. There has been increasing interest in validating markerless motion analysis in the clinical orthopaedic patient population.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the concurrent validity of markerless shoulder analysis compared to traditional marker-based shoulder analysis during activities of daily living (ADLs) in patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis. We hypothesize that the markerless system will accurately and reliably capture shoulder kinematics in patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis compared to a marker-based system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;One hundred subjects, eighty-five patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis scheduled for shoulder arthroplasty and 15 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Each patient underwent clinical upper extremity assessment with data being captured concurrently by a traditional marker-based motion capture system and a commercially available markerless system. This study assessed ADLs including four tasks: overhead reaching, drinking, hair brushing, and personal hygiene tasks. Marker-based motion was evaluated with University of Southampton Upper Limb Kinematic Model flexion-based (SF1, SF2) and abduction based (SA1, SA2) models. For each combination of task and laterality, the consistency in response between the markerless system with the SF1, SF2, SA1 and SA2 variations of the marker-based system were investigated by determining the interclass correlation coefficient of the peak angle and range of motion in the three planes of motion: flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and internal rotation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;There was a strong positive relationship between markerless and SF1 and SF2 marker-based models in peak angle (ICC: 0.81-0.95; p-value &lt; 0.001), range of motion (ICC: 0.81-0.97; p-value &lt; 0.001), and shoulder motion pattern (ICC: 0.88-0.99; p-value &lt; 0.001) in flexion/extension and abduction/adduction throughout all tasks. There was a weaker positive relationship between markerless and SA1 and SA2 marker-based models in flexion/extension and abduction/adduction throughout all tasks (ICC: 0.35-0.97; p-value &lt; 0.001). As forward flexion and abduction angles approached the maximum functional range of the shoulder, there was a weaker but consistent relationship between the two systems.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Markerless motion analysis of the shoulder joint is accurate and has the potential to expand the utility of motion analysis in the upper extremity. Markerless systems were within 10 degrees of both the marker-based and markerless models for flexion/extension; however, it underestimated rotation movement across all tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clinical significance: &lt;/strong&gt;Because markerless motion analysis is c","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":" ","pages":"e70047"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collagen V Influences Homeostatic Maintenance of Patellar Tendon Failure Properties in Mature Female Mice.","authors":"Ryan J Leiphart, Jeremy D Eekhoff, Stephanie N Weiss, Rebecca Betts, Jaclyn A Carlson, Patrick L Paglia-Garcés, Nathaniel A Dyment, David E Birk, Louis J Soslowsky","doi":"10.1002/jor.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The collagenous matrix of tendon provides mechanical integrity, allowing the tissue to withstand large tensile forces. While collagen I-containing fibrils provide the major backbone of the tendon matrix, interactions with other collagen types are critical for matrix formation and maintenance. Of these less abundant collagens, collagen V regulates fibril nucleation and lateral growth. In previous work, mouse models with reduced collagen V production recapitulated the musculoskeletal complications of Classic Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome in tendon development and healing, demonstrating altered structure and inferior mechanical properties. However, the roles of collagen V in homeostasis of mature, healthy tendon remain unknown. Therefore, this study evaluated the role of collagen V in maintaining tendon homeostasis using inducible knockdown of Col5a1in mature mice. After 30 days of reduced collagen V expression, patellar tendons demonstrated changes consistent with impaired matrix remodeling. Extracellular matrix and matrix remodeling genes were differentially expressed, and the distribution of fibril diameters was significantly altered with reduced expression of collagen V. The functional consequence of collagen V knockdown was demonstrated using mechanical testing, which revealed a reduction in failure properties, although sub-failure properties such as stiffness and modulus were not affected. Interestingly, differences between these results and prior studies on the impact of collagen V on development or healing suggest a distinct role for collagen V in maintaining the properties of mature, healthy tendon. In summary, this study demonstrated that collagen V is essential for homeostasis of adult tendons through maintenance of the collagenous matrix.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysplastic Hips in Young Adults Demonstrate Different Relationships Between Acetabular Coverage, Joint Congruity, and Contact Mechanics Than Asymptomatic Hips.","authors":"Holly D Aitken, Jessica E Goetz, Wyatt M Sailer, Dominic J L Rivas, Krit Petrachaianan, Natalie A Glass, Michael C Willey, Joshua B Holt","doi":"10.1002/jor.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the relationship between three-dimensional (3D) acetabular coverage and contact mechanics in dysplastic and ostensibly normal hips. Fifty asymptomatic hips previously imaged with CT scans/angiograms were matched on a 2:1 basis to 25 dysplastic hips with previous CT imaging, based on age, gender, weight, and BMI. CT imaging was used to create 3D patient-specific hip models from which the 3D coverage metrics of subchondral arc angle (i.e., acetabular weight-bearing morphology) and hip joint coverage angle (i.e., femoral head coverage), and the congruity metrics of acetabular sphericity index <math> <semantics> <mrow><mrow><mi>SI</mi></mrow> </mrow> <annotation>${SI}$</annotation></semantics> </math> (i.e., sphericity of the acetabulum) and joint congruity index <math> <semantics> <mrow><mrow><mi>CI</mi></mrow> </mrow> <annotation>${CI}$</annotation></semantics> </math> were assessed globally and in five octants spanning the weight-bearing acetabulum. Discrete element analysis was used to calculate hip contact mechanics, with results assessed globally and subdivided into the same five octants. Increasing superior-anterior subchondral arc angle was associated with increasing superior-anterior mean chronic contact stress-time exposure in dysplastic hips, which was significantly (p < 0.001) different from asymptomatic hips where increasing superior-anterior subchondral arc angle was associated with decreasing superior-anterior mean chronic contact stress-time exposure. Similarly, increasing joint congruity <math> <semantics> <mrow><mrow><mi>CI</mi></mrow> </mrow> <annotation>${CI}$</annotation></semantics> </math> anteriorly was associated with increasing anterior mean chronic contact stress-time exposure in dysplastic hips, which was significantly (p = 0.003) different from the trend of decreasing anterior mean exposure with increasing anterior <math> <semantics> <mrow><mrow><mi>CI</mi></mrow> </mrow> <annotation>${CI}$</annotation></semantics> </math> in asymptomatic hips. These results indicate fundamental differences in how contact mechanics in asymptomatic and dysplastic hips respond to differences in acetabular coverage and joint congruity, suggesting that asymptomatic hips follow the expected geometry-based trend, while dysplastic hips do not.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Validation and Excellent Interobserver Agreement of Volumetric Matching Micromotion Analysis (V3MA) in Total Knee Arthroplasty.","authors":"Nienke N de Laat, Lennard A Koster, Jessie E Robertson, Rob G H H Nelissen, Bart L Kaptein","doi":"10.1002/jor.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CT-based radiostereometric analysis (CT-RSA) is an alternative to RSA to measure implant migration. We performed a clinical validation study using VoluMetric Matching Micromotion Analysis (V3MA) software for CT-RSA. The aims of this study were to assess the agreement between V3MA and Model-based RSA software (for RSA), and to determine the interobserver agreement in V3MA. On a subset of patients included in a clinical trial, knee prosthesis tibial implant migration was measured between 1 and 5 years postoperative with V3MA and Model-based RSA software. V3MA and Model-based RSA results were compared by assessing the mean differences and limits of agreement (mean ± 1.96* standard deviation) using Bland-Altman analysis. V3MA migration results of two observers were compared using intraclass correlation (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. Twenty-four patients were included in the analysis. The mean difference (limits of agreement [LOA]) was -0.14 mm [-0.88 to 0.60] for maximum total point motion (MTPM). LOA for translations and rotations did not exceed ±0.5 mm and ±1°, respectively. The ICC (95% confidence interval) for MTPM between observers was 0.995 (0.989-0.998), and the mean difference [LOA] was 0.04 mm [-0.17 to 0.24]. We showed that between 1 and 5 years postoperative, V3MA migration results were comparable to those of Model-based RSA for cemented tibial component migration in a clinical study. The interobserver variability showed excellent agreement for V3MA. Overall, V3MA is a valid alternative to Model-based RSA for the analysis of tibial component migration in TKA with medium-term follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo Evaluation of Hemiarthroplasty Bearing Materials Using Animal Models: A Scoping Review (Part II).","authors":"Landon M Begin, Victoria P Marino, Francesca De Vecchi, Douglas C Moore, Markus A Wimmer, Joseph J Crisco","doi":"10.1002/jor.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemiarthroplasty is commonly used to treat damage localized to one side of a synovial joint, maximally preserving the patient's opposing healthy bone and cartilage; however, challenges remain due to accelerated wear of the cartilage articulating with the implant surface. This scoping review summarized investigations of hemiarthroplasty bearing materials (HBMs) utilizing animal models. The review focused on HBMs tested, animal models used, duration of animal survival, and outcome assessments (e.g., gait analysis, image analysis, histological staining, and cartilage scoring). The initial search was designed to broadly capture all studies evaluating HBMs articulating against articular cartilage. A total of 1798 studies were identified, which after screening yielded 72 that met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 24 were classified as in vivo and were included in this review. The HBMs evaluated included metals (63%), hard and soft polymers (33%), ceramics (17%), and synthetic carbons (17%). HBMs were predominantly studied in canines (46%), rabbits (25%), and sheep (21%), with survival durations from 2 to 104 weeks. Outcome assessment of cartilage wear varied across studies and histological staining was performed in all studies with the most common stains being Safranin-O (58%) and Hematoxylin and Eosin (54%). Commonly used cartilage scoring systems were Mankin and Modified Mankin (38%); however, among all studies, scales and sub-categories for scoring criteria varied drastically. While similarities were identified with respect to HBMs, animal models, and some outcome measures, the diversity of testing methodologies and lack of comparative evaluations limited the ability to identify the best practice for evaluating HBM performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medial Osteochondral Defect Drives Matrix and Cell Pathology in Compartment-Matched Meniscus.","authors":"Serafina G Lopez, John Dankert, James J Butler, John G Kennedy, Lawrence J Bonassar, Rebecca M Irwin","doi":"10.1002/jor.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with cartilage defects often experience increased meniscal degeneration. It remains unclear whether meniscal damage occurs concurrently with cartilage injury or due to later joint pathology. Limited data exists on how isolated cartilage injuries affect meniscal structure and degeneration. In osteoarthritis models, alterations to the structure and composition of meniscal ECM components have been observed, including meniscus hypertrophy characterized by excessive glycosaminoglycan deposition and fibrochondrocyte rounding. Although proteoglycan deposition increases in early OA, the timing of GAG changes relative to collagen disruption remains unclear. This study examined the correlation between changes in local proteoglycan deposition, cell morphology, and the collagen network in the meniscus following cartilage damage using an in vivo rabbit model. A medial osteochondral defect was created on the femoral condyle of New Zealand white male rabbits, and menisci were harvested 12 weeks later. Our results indicate that a medial osteochondral defect drives pathology in the underlying meniscus, likely due to altered loading conditions. The medial menisci of defect joints exhibited increased proteoglycan deposition and hypertrophy, with increased cell roundness and area in regions of elevated GAGs. Local collagen architecture showed increased fiber diameter in the medial menisci of defect joints, which positively correlated with increased GAG coverage. Abnormal collagen structures were observed, including wider variations in fiber diameters and areas of small fibers with low second harmonic generation signals, indicating poorly organized collagen. A deeper understanding of GAG regulation and fibrochondrocyte pathology in injured meniscus tissue could aid in the development of therapeutics and inform disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Medial Tibial Overresection on Bone Mineral Density in Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty.","authors":"Sayako Sakai, Shinichi Kuriyama, Yugo Morita, Kohei Nishitani, Shinichiro Nakamura, Shuichi Matsuda","doi":"10.1002/jor.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early failure of tibial implants following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty might result from a decrease in bone mineral density in the medial tibial plateau. This study quantitatively assessed this bone mineral density decrease caused by tibial overresection during medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, using Hounsfield units, and investigated factors influencing significant reductions in Hounsfield units in 40 knees (34 patients) before surgery. A three-dimensional tibial model was reconstructed from computed tomography scans, and mean Hounsfield units of the central, anterior, anteromedial, medial, posteromedial, and posterior regions of the medial tibial plateau were extracted in 2-mm-thick layers at depth of 4, 6, and 8 mm beneath the articular surface. Differences in Hounsfield units among the layers and the correlation between Hounsfield units at the central region and hip-knee-ankle angle (+valgus) were analyzed. The lowest Hounsfield units were observed in the posterior region for all layers, with a distal decrease in all regions. The most significant decrease was from the 4-mm layer (353.6 ± 118.1) to 6-mm layer (223.1 ± 94.4) in the central region (p < 0.001). The Hounsfield units at the central region were negatively correlated with the hip-knee-ankle angle in the 6-mm (r = -0.34; p = 0.029) and 8-mm (r = -0.33; p = 0.038) layers. Even a 2-mm tibial overresection during medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty caused a significant decrease in Hounsfield units. Altogether, the posterior tibial cortex should be covered with the tibial component and tibial overresection should be avoided, particularly in cases with mild varus knees.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Computer Vision and Machine Learning Approach to Classify Views in Distal Radius Radiographs.","authors":"Rohan Vemu, Dion Birhiray, Bassem Darwish, Raven Hollis, Sai Unnam, Srikhar Chilukuri, Lorenzo Deveza","doi":"10.1002/jor.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in computer vision and machine learning have augmented the ability to analyze orthopedic radiographs. A critical but underexplored component of this process is the accurate classification of radiographic views and localization of relevant anatomical regions, both of which can impact the performance of downstream diagnostic models. This study presents a deep learning object detection model and mobile application designed to classify distal radius radiographs into standard views-anterior-posterior (AP), lateral (LAT), and oblique (OB)- while localizing the anatomical region most relevant to distal radius fractures. A total of 1593 deidentified radiographs were collected from a single institution between 2021 and 2023 (544 AP, 538 LAT, and 521 OB). Each image was annotated using Labellerr software to draw bounding boxes encompassing the region spanning from the second digit MCP joint to the distal third of the radius, with annotations verified by an experienced orthopedic surgeon. A YOLOv5 object detection model was fine-tuned and trained using a 70/15/15 train/validation/test split. The model achieved an overall accuracy of 97.3%, with class-specific accuracies of 99% for AP, 100% for LAT, and 93% for OB. Overall precision and recall were 96.8% and 97.5%, respectively. Model performance exceeded the expected accuracy from random guessing (p < 0.001, binomial test). A Streamlit-based mobile application was developed to support clinical deployment. This automated view classification step reduces feature space by isolating only the relevant anatomy. Focusing subsequent models on the targeted region can minimize distraction from irrelevant areas and improve the accuracy of downstream fracture classification models.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal In Vivo 3T MRI of Naturally Occurring Early Osteochondrosis Lesions in the Piglet Humeral Epiphyseal Cartilage and Growth Plate.","authors":"Alexandra R Armstrong, Erick O Buko, Casey P Johnson, Ferenc Tóth","doi":"10.1002/jor.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteochondrosis/osteochondritis dissecans (OC/OCD) is a developmental orthopedic disease primarily affecting the knee, ankle, and elbow joints of children and multiple animal species. Subclinical lesions of OC/OCD have been described, but most can be visualized only histologically in cadaveric specimens. To monitor the evolution of these lesions and to allow early separation of lesions that will undergo spontaneous healing versus requiring surgical intervention, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques that are precise and can be used in vivo are needed. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the utility of noninvasive 3 T MRI in the identification of naturally occurring OC lesions in the articular epiphyseal cartilage complex (AECC) and growth plate of the distal humerus in domestic piglets. N = 4 asymptomatic piglets underwent four consecutive, in vivo, bilateral elbow joint MRI exams under anesthesia at 4, 6, 8, and 11 weeks of age. 3D Double echo steady state (DESS) morphological images and cartilage T2 relaxation time maps were acquired using a clinical 3 T MRI scanner. After the last MRI, piglets were euthanized, and distal humeri were harvested for histologic evaluation. Multiple preclinical OC lesions were detected in the AECC and the growth plate of the examined humeri and their temporal progression or resolution was successfully monitored using MRI. Although most lesions resolved by 11 weeks of age, those remaining on MRI were confirmed histologically at necropsy. Clinical Significance: In vivo 3 T MRI may allow for longitudinal monitoring of early OC lesions and determination of whether a lesion is resolving or progressing to clinical OCD that may necessitate surgical intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}