Journal of Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Predictors of One-Year Change in How Youth Perceive Their Weight.","authors":"Karen A Patte,&nbsp;Wei Qian,&nbsp;Scott T Leatherdale","doi":"10.1155/2020/7396948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7396948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Overall, perceptions of being at \"about the right weight\" appear advantageous for youth physical and mental health, regardless of BMI classification, whereas perceptions at either extreme (overweight or underweight) may negatively impact health behaviours and mental health. Instead of considering weight misperceptions as problematic, some researchers have proposed that underestimations of weight status may offer resiliency among individuals with overweight or obesity. Promoting \"about right\" WPs and preventing change to overweight or underweight perceptions may offer an effective public health strategy for supporting youth health over time. However, limited prospective evidence exists on factors that shape perceptions of weight status over time. The current study examined modifiable predictors of one-year change in weight perception among youths. We used 2-year linked data of 18,112 grade 9-12 students from Year 3 (Y₃:2014-2015) and Year 4 (Y₄:2015-2016) of the COMPASS study. Generalized Estimating Equation models tested screen use, physical activity, and bullying victimization as predictors of change from perceptions of \"about the right weight\" to \"overweight\" or \"underweight\" perceptions, adjusting for Y₃ covariates (body mass index, ethnicity, and grade) and school cluster. Results support the value of team sports among females and resistance exercise among males as protective against changes to overweight or underweight perceptions over one year. Also, various forms of bullying victimization predicted overweight perceptions in males and females. Watching TV/movies or messaging/texting for over 2 hours/day was associated with overweight and underweight perceptions, respectively, in females only. Playing video/computer games for over 2 hours/day was associated with overweight perceptions in males and underweight perceptions in females. Findings support the potential of bullying prevention, limiting certain screen use, and supporting engagement in team sports for females and resistance exercise for males as strategies to maintain perceptions of being at \"about the right weight.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2020 ","pages":"7396948"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/7396948","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38072549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight Change and Its Association with Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Overweight and Obese Women.","authors":"Liyana Ahmad Zamri,&nbsp;Geeta Appannah,&nbsp;Siti Yazmin Zahari Sham,&nbsp;Fazliana Mansor,&nbsp;Rashidah Ambak,&nbsp;Noor Safiza Mohd Nor,&nbsp;Tahir Aris","doi":"10.1155/2020/3198326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3198326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the association of weight loss magnitude with changes in cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight and obese women from low socioeconomic areas engaged in a lifestyle intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analyses were performed on 243 women (mean body mass index 31.27 ± 4.14 kg/m²) who completed a 12-month lifestyle intervention in low socioeconomic communities in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare changes of cardiometabolic risk factors across weight change categories (2% gain, ±2% maintain, >2 to <5% loss, and 5 to 20% loss) within intervention and control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A graded association for changes in waist circumference, fasting insulin, and total cholesterol (<i>p</i>=0.002, for all variables) across the weight change categories were observed within the intervention group at six months postintervention. Participants who lost 5 to 20% of weight had the greatest improvements in those risk markers (-5.67 cm CI: -7.98 to -3.36, -4.27 <i>μ</i>U/mL CI: -7.35, -1.19, and -0.59 mmol/L CI: -.99, -0.19, respectively) compared to those who did not. Those who lost >2% to <5% weight reduced more waist circumference (-4.24 cm CI: -5.44 to -3.04) and fasting insulin (-0.36 <i>μ</i>U/mL CI: -1.95 to 1.24) than those who maintained or gained weight. No significant association was detected in changes of risk markers across the weight change categories within the control group except for waist circumference and adiponectin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Weight loss of >2 to <5% obtained through lifestyle intervention may represent a reasonable initial weight loss target for women in the low socioeconomic community as it led to improvements in selected risk markers, particularly of diabetes risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2020 ","pages":"3198326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/3198326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37927656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Links between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Obesity.","authors":"Bingjie Zhou,&nbsp;Reiko Ichikawa,&nbsp;Laurence D Parnell,&nbsp;Sabrina E Noel,&nbsp;Xiyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Shilpa N Bhupathiraju,&nbsp;Caren E Smith,&nbsp;Katherine L Tucker,&nbsp;Jose M Ordovas,&nbsp;Chao-Qiang Lai","doi":"10.1155/2020/7154738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7154738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is highly associated with obesity, but the metabolic mechanism underlying this correlation is not understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our objective was to examine metabolomic links between SSB intake and obesity to understand metabolic mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We examined the association of plasma metabolomic profiles with SSB intake and obesity risk in 781 participants, aged 45-75 y, in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS) using generalized linear models, controlling for potential confounding factors. Based on identified metabolites, we conducted pathway enrichment analysis to identify potential metabolic pathways that link SSB intake and obesity risk. Variants in genes encoding enzymes known to function in identified metabolic pathways were examined for their interactions with SSB intake on obesity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SSB intake was correlated with BMI (<i>β</i> = 0.607, <i>P</i>=0.045). Among 526 measured metabolites, 86 showed a significant correlation with SSB intake and 148 with BMI (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05); 28 were correlated with both SSB intake and BMI (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05). Pathway enrichment analysis identified the phosphatidylcholine and lysophospholipid pathways as linking SSB intake to obesity, after correction for multiple testing. Furthermore, 8 of 10 genes functioning in these two pathways showed strong interaction with SSB intake on BMI. Our results further identified participants who may exhibit an increased risk of obesity when consuming SSB.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified two key metabolic pathways that link SSB intake to obesity, revealing the potential of phosphatidylcholine and lysophospholipid to modulate how SSB intake can increase obesity risk. The interaction between genetic variants related to these pathways and SSB intake on obesity further supports the mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2020 ","pages":"7154738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/7154738","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37927657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors Associated with Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Obese Individuals.","authors":"Camila Oliveira, Erika Aparecida Silveira, Lorena Rosa, Annelisa Santos, Ana Paula Rodrigues, Carolina Mendonça, Lucas Silva, Paulo Gentil, Ana Cristina Rebelo","doi":"10.1155/2020/7185249","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2020/7185249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity leads to an imbalance in the autonomic nervous system, especially in increased sympathetic modulation and decreased vagal tone, and some anthropometric, metabolic, and lifestyle variables may increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. <i>Objective</i>. To analyze the association between cardiovascular autonomic modulation and biochemical and anthropometric markers, food intake, and physical activity level in severely obese individuals. <i>Methodology</i>. The present study is a cutout of a randomized clinical trial \"Effect of nutritional intervention and olive oil in severe obesity\" (DieTBra Trial), where the baseline data were analyzed. Anthropometric data, biochemical exams, heart rate variability (HRV), accelerometry, and 24 h recall (R24H) of obese patients (body mass index BMI ≥35 kg/m²) were collected. <i>Results</i>. 64 obese patients were analyzed, with a mean age of 39.10 ± 7.74 years (27 to 58 years). By HRV analysis, in the frequency domain, the obese had a higher predominance of sympathetic autonomic modulation (low frequency (LF) 56.44 ± 20.31 nu) and lower parasympathetic modulation (high frequency (HF) 42.52 ± 19.18 nu). A negative association was observed between the variables Homeostasis Evaluation Model (HOMA-IR) and HF (<i>p</i> = 0.049). In the physical activity analysis, there was a negative association between moderate to vigorous physical activity and the sympathetic component (<i>p</i> = 0.043), and for sedentary time (ST), there was a negative association with HF (<i>p</i> = 0.049) and LF/HF (<i>p</i> = 0.036) and a positive association with LF (<i>p</i> = 0.014). For multiple linear regression, waist circumference (WC) and HOMA-IR values were negatively associated with HF (<i>β</i> = -0.685, <i>p</i> = 0.010; <i>β</i> = -14.989, <i>p</i> = 0.010; respectively). HOMA-IR (<i>β</i> = 0.141, <i>p</i> = 0.003) and the percentage of lipids ingested (<i>β</i> = -0.030, <i>p</i> = 0.043) were negatively associated with LF/HF. <i>Conclusion</i>. Among the cardiovascular risk variables studied, insulin resistance and central adiposity showed the greatest influence on cardiac autonomic modulation of obese, increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2020 ","pages":"7185249"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/7185249","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37857275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity and Insulin Resistance in 6,500 NHANES Adults: The Role of Abdominal Obesity.","authors":"James R Fowler,&nbsp;Larry A Tucker,&nbsp;Bruce W Bailey,&nbsp;James D LeCheminant","doi":"10.1155/2020/3848256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3848256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This cross-sectional investigation studied differences in insulin resistance across levels of physical activity in 6,500 US adults who were randomly selected as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Another important objective was to determine the influence of abdominal obesity on the physical activity and insulin resistance relationship. MET-minutes were utilized to quantify total activity based on participation in 48 different physical activities. Two strategies were employed to categorize levels of physical activity: one was based on relative MET-minutes (quartiles), and the other approach was based on the US physical activity guidelines. Insulin resistance was indexed using the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA). Abdominal obesity was indexed using waist circumference. Effect modification was tested by dividing waist circumferences into sex-specific quartiles and then evaluating the relationship between physical activity and HOMA-IR within each quartile separately. Results showed that relative physical activity level was associated with HOMA-IR after controlling for demographic and demographic and lifestyle covariates (<i>F</i> = 11.5, <i>P</i> < 0.0001 and <i>F</i> = 6.0, <i>P</i>=0.0012, respectively). Adjusting for demographic and demographic and lifestyle covariates also resulted in significant relationships between guideline-based activity and HOMA-IR (<i>F</i> = 8.0, <i>P</i> < 0.0001 and <i>F</i> = 4.9, <i>P</i>=0.0017, respectively). However, statistically controlling for differences in waist circumference with the other covariates nullified the relationship between total physical activity and HOMA-IR. Effect modification testing showed that when the sample was delimited to adults with abdominal obesity (Quartile 4), relative (<i>F</i> = 5.6, <i>P</i>=0.0019) and guideline-based physical activity (<i>F</i> = 3.7, <i>P</i>=0.0098) and HOMA-IR were significantly associated. Physical activity and HOMA-IR were not related within the other three quartiles. In conclusion, it appears that differences in physical activity may play a meaningful role in insulin resistance in those with abdominal obesity, but total activity does not seem to account for differences in insulin resistance among US adults with smaller waists.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2020 ","pages":"3848256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/3848256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39098268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Digital Health Weight Loss Program in 250,000 Individuals.","authors":"Conor Senecal,&nbsp;Robert Jay Widmer,&nbsp;Beth R Larrabee,&nbsp;Mariza de Andrade,&nbsp;Lilach O Lerman,&nbsp;Amir Lerman,&nbsp;Francisco Lopez-Jimenez","doi":"10.1155/2020/9497164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9497164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Obesity is a worsening epidemic worldwide. Effective and accessible weight loss programs to combat obesity on a large scale are warranted, but a need for frequent face-to-face care might impose a limitation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate whether individuals following a weight loss program based on a mobile application, wireless scale, and nutritional program but no face-to-face care can achieve clinically significant weight loss in a large cohort.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective observational analysis. <i>Setting</i>. China from October 2016 to December 2017. <i>Participants</i>. Mobile application users with a minimum of 2 weights (baseline and ≥35 days). <i>Intervention</i>. A commercial (Weijian Technologies) weight loss program consisting of a dietary replacement, self-monitoring using a wireless home scale, and frequent guidance via mobile application. <i>Main Outcome</i>. Mean weight change around 42, 60, 90, and 120 days after program initiation with subgroup analysis by gender, age, and frequency of use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>251,718 individuals, with a mean age of 37.3 years (SD: 9.86) (79% female), were included with a mean weight loss of 4.3 kg (CI: ±0.02) and a mean follow-up of 120 days (SD: 76.8 days). Mean weight loss at 42, 60, 90, and 120 d was 4.1 kg (CI: ±0.02), 4.9 kg (CI: ±0.02), 5.6 kg (CI: ±0.03), and 5.4 kg (CI: ±0.04), respectively. At 120 d, 62.7% of participants had lost at least 5% of their initial weight. Both genders and all usage frequency tertiles showed statistically significant weight loss from baseline at each interval (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and this loss was greater in men than in women (120 d: 6.5 vs. 5.2 kg; <i>P</i> < 0.001). The frequency of recording (categorized as high-, medium-, or low-frequency users) was associated with greater weight loss when comparing high, medium, and low tertile use groups at all time intervals investigated (e.g., 120 d: -8.6, -5.6, and -2.2 kg, respectively; <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>People following a commercially available hybrid weight loss program using a mobile application, wireless scale, and nutritional program without face-to-face interaction on average achieved clinically significant short- and midterm weight loss. These results support the implementation of comparable technologies for weight control in a large population.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2020 ","pages":"9497164"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/9497164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37842119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could Obesity be a Triggering Factor for Endometrial Tubal Metaplasia to be a Precancerous Lesion?","authors":"Ayman M El-Saka,&nbsp;Yomna A Zamzam,&nbsp;Yosra A Zamzam,&nbsp;Ayman El-Dorf","doi":"10.1155/2020/2825905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2825905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>Endometrial tubal metaplasia (ETM) is mostly described in conjunction with unopposed estrogen levels, and its association with endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma (EC) is striking. Obesity is a risk factor for endometrial hyperplasia and EC development. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of BMI and serum estradiol level on expression of PAX-2, H-TERT, P16, Ki-67, and P53 in studied ETM in reference to benign endometrium and EC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted on the following groups: group (1) consists of 57 cases that had endometrial biopsies with histologically demonstrable ETM (typical or atypical) and all were subjected to serum estradiol levelling and body mass index (BMI) evaluation; group (2) had adjacent benign endometrial tissue as control; group (3) consists of 52 cases of conventional endometrial carcinoma and 16 serous carcinoma paraffin blocks which were collected and reevaluated. All included groups were immunostained for PAX-2, H-TERT, p16, ki67, and p53.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The relation between BMI and serum estradiol level in group 1 and PAX-2, H-TERT, P16, and p53 was statistically significant, while their relation with atypia and ki67 expression was insignificant. Twenty-three ETM cases (40.4%) out of group 1 were all (100%) obese, 87% had high serum estradiol level, and 73.9% were postmenopausal and had a similar immunohistochemical profile as EC cases (group 3).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The presence of ETM regardless of the histologic atypia in obese postmenopausal patients with high serum estradiol level is an alarming sign. This implies that ETM might not be as benign as generally accepted, as under certain clinical conditions, it may turn into a potential premalignant lesion.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2020 ","pages":"2825905"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/2825905","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37842117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Weight, Obesity Perception, and Actions to Achieve Desired Weight among Rural and Urban Ghanaian Adults.","authors":"Nana Ama Frimpomaa Agyapong,&nbsp;Reginald Adjetey Annan,&nbsp;Charles Apprey,&nbsp;Linda Nana Esi Aduku","doi":"10.1155/2020/7103251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7103251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate body weight perception is important to maintaining an ideal body weight. In Africa, a preference for a larger body size and its association with health and wellbeing has been well documented. It remains speculative if these perceptions have changed or improved and if differences exist among rural and urban dwellers. The main aim of this study was to assess the body weight and obesity perceptions among rural and urban Ghanaians.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 565 participants. The Stunkard figure rating scale was used to assess the body weight perception of participants. Participants were to choose from the scale figures they perceived to represent their current body weight, desired body weight, ideal body weight, ideal look for a wealthy person, ideal look for a woman with children, and ideal look for a woman without children. Additionally, participants were asked to describe obesity and its threat to health in their terms. Responses of participants to the above questions are presented as frequencies. Differences between rural and urban participants as well as males and females with respect to the median figure chosen for each question were determined by Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of participants was 40 (IQR 26). The prevalence of overweight and obesity observed among participants was 52.8%. The most frequently selected figure as current body image was figure 5 (23.5%). Figure 4 was most frequently chosen by both males (37.2%) and females (24.6%) as their desired body image (27.4%). Male participants (41.8%) chose figure 5 as ideal for their gender while females (27.4%) maintained figure 4 as ideal for their gender. Study participants associated overweight with wealth and childbirth, and attributed their current weights to hereditary (27%) and childbirth (27%). Most participants were not taking steps to achieve their desired body image, and only a few engaged in both dieting and exercise to lose weight. Majority of participants described obesity as the accumulation of fat (91.0%) and viewed it as a threat to health (91.0%). Differences were observed among rural and urban participants with regard to the figure chosen as ideal for a wealthy person.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results from this study show an improvement in obesity perception and the acknowledgment of obesity as a threat to health. There was a desire for a normal-weight figure among study participants. Attribution of current body weight to hereditary and childbirth seems to be a hindrance to the implementation of actions to achieve this normal figure weight. Public health education, screening for overweight and obesity, creation of supportive food environments, and culture-sensitive interventions are promising to curbing the obesity menace.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2020 ","pages":"7103251"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/7103251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37808693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Early Results of the Laparoscopic Mini-Gastric Bypass/One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass on Patients with Different Body Mass Index.","authors":"Mohsen Mahmoudieh,&nbsp;Behrouz Keleidari,&nbsp;Naser Afshin,&nbsp;Masoud Sayadi Shahraki,&nbsp;Shahab Shahabi Shahmiri,&nbsp;Erfan Sheikhbahaei,&nbsp;Hamid Melali","doi":"10.1155/2020/7572153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7572153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>. Obesity is among the newest health matters that human beings are struggling with. Length of bypassed intestine is important in achievement of most weight loss and least nutritional and absorptive disorders. This study has aimed to assess short-term metabolic and nutritional effects of laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass/one anastomosis gastric bypass (MGB/OAGB) with a loop bypass length of 180 centimeters (cm) and compare these factors among patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 40-45 and 45-50 kilograms per square meter (kg/m²).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>25 patients were put in group 1 (BMI = 40-45 kg/m²) and 25 patients in group 2 (BMI = 45-50 kg/m²). Patients' BMI, postoperative weight, excess weight loss, and laboratory tests including fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile, serum iron (Fe), ferritin, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), 25-OH vitamin D, vitamin B12, liver function tests, and albumin were recorded preoperatively and within 3- and 6-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weight loss and BMI reduction was significantly more in patients with higher BMI level (<i>P</i>=0.007), and excess weight loss was higher in patients with lower preoperative BMI level (<i>P</i>=0.007), and excess weight loss was higher in patients with lower preoperative BMI level (<i>P</i>=0.007), and excess weight loss was higher in patients with lower preoperative BMI level (.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on this study, 180-cm intestinal bypassed length works for patients with a BMI level of 40-45 and 45-50 kg/m², according to their significant decrease in weight, BMI, and improving glycolipid profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2020 ","pages":"7572153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/7572153","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37808694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Size Does Not Fit All: Sociodemographic Factors Affecting Weight Loss in Adolescents.","authors":"Claire B Cummins, Kanika Bowen-Jallow, Sadia Tasnim, John Prochaska, Daniel Jupiter, Alex Wright, Byron D Hughes, Omar Nunez-Lopez, Elizabeth Lyons, Andrea Glaser, Ravi S Radhakrishnan, Debbe Thompson, Oscar E Suman","doi":"10.1155/2020/3736504","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2020/3736504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Successful lifestyle changes for weight reduction are heavily dependent on recognizing the importance of societal and cultural factors. Patients 13-19 years of age with a BMI ≥95^th percentile are eligible for our multidisciplinary adolescent weight loss clinic. A behavioral questionnaire was administered at the initial visit. Patients were seen every 4-6 weeks. Bivariate analysis was used to identify sociodemographic factors associated with differences in weight loss. Overall, receiving reduced cost meals was associated with a lower likelihood of losing weight (kg) (<i>p</i> < 0.01). When stratified by race, White adolescents were more likely to lose weight if caretakers reported having enough money to buy healthy food (<i>p</i> < 0.05); in contrast, Black adolescents were less likely to lose weight (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, Black patients were more likely to lose weight if they reported eating fruits and vegetables (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Female adolescents were more likely to lose weight if they felt unhappy about their appearance (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Interestingly, male adolescents were less likely to lose weight if they felt unhappy about their appearance (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Social and cultural norms influence weight loss in adolescents in unique and differing ways. Culturally competent individualized interventions could increase weight loss in diverse groups of adolescents with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2020 ","pages":"3736504"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2020-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7060876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37747766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}