Minjoo Gu, Heon-Woong Kim, Byung Hee Kim, In-Hwan Kim, Tae Kyung Hyun, Hana Lee, Junsoo Lee
{"title":"Changes in Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Activities of Soybean Oil during Germination.","authors":"Minjoo Gu, Heon-Woong Kim, Byung Hee Kim, In-Hwan Kim, Tae Kyung Hyun, Hana Lee, Junsoo Lee","doi":"10.5650/jos.ess24239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess24239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we investigated the effects of germination on the phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, and oxidative stability of soybean oil. Soybeans were germinated for different periods (0, 2, 4, 6-days). The germinated soybean oil (GSO) contained more α-tocopherol, phytosterols, and carotenoids, while there were no significant differences in fatty acid content. In particular, lutein accumulation was influenced by the modulation of phytoene synthase, lycopene ε-cyclase, and lycopene β-cyclase genes during soybean germination. Antioxidant activities in vitro were the most effective after treatment with 6-day GSO. Moreover, the oxidative stability of GSO was significantly enhanced compared to that of control soybean oil. These results were attributed to the increased content of phytochemicals in soybean oil during germination. This research holds promise not only for the development of functional foods owing to the increased phytochemical content but also for the food industry owing to the enhanced oxidative stability of soybean oil.</p>","PeriodicalId":16626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oleo science","volume":"74 3","pages":"287-296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transition of trans Fatty Acid Contents of Margarines, Fat Spreads and Shortenings in Japan.","authors":"Yasuhiro Iida","doi":"10.5650/jos.ess24341","DOIUrl":"10.5650/jos.ess24341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Margarine, fat spread, and shortening made with partially hydrogenated fats and oils as their raw materials have been known as foods containing trans fatty acids. Due to concerns about the health effects of trans fatty acids, the content of trans fatty acids in these products has now been reduced to around 1 g/100 g (median value) through the use of alternative oils and fats, which is about the same level as that for vegetable oil used as main raw material. In this review, we summarized the trends in trans fatty acid content in products manufactured in Japan from 1969 to 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":16626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oleo science","volume":"74 4","pages":"341-347"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health Benefits of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid- and Eicosapentaenoic Acid-enriched Glycerophospholipids from Marine Sources.","authors":"Ryota Hosomi","doi":"10.5650/jos.ess24253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess24253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are widely used as supplements and pharmaceuticals because of their beneficial effects on human health. Triacylglycerols (TAG) and glycerophospholipids (GPL) comprise the primary chemical structures of DHA/EPA in marine sources. Furthermore, DHA/EPA-enriched glycerophospholipids (DHA/EPA-GPL) and lysoglycerophospholipids (DHA/EPA-LysoGPL) consumed through food and supplements are more effective than TAG in promoting health, which may be attributed to a specific underlying mechanism. However, the specific effects of DHA/EPA bound to GPL structure have been still unclear. The aim of this review is to clarify the significance of the binding of DHA/EPA to GPL in promoting the health benefits of DHA/EPA-GPL and DHA/EPA-LysoGPL. Additionally, the potential use of fishery by-products as sources of DHA/EPA-GPL and DHA/EPA-LysoGPL has been discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oleo science","volume":"74 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isam A Mohamed Ahmed, Fahad AlJuhaimi, Mehmet Musa Özcan, Nurhan Uslu, Zainab Albakry
{"title":"The Role of Microwave and Oven Roasting on Oil Contents, Bioactive Properties, Phenolic Components, Fatty Acids and Mineral Contents of Grape (Vitis spp.) Seeds.","authors":"Isam A Mohamed Ahmed, Fahad AlJuhaimi, Mehmet Musa Özcan, Nurhan Uslu, Zainab Albakry","doi":"10.5650/jos.ess24152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess24152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the role of roasting on the total phenol, antioxidant capacity, phenolic constituents and fatty acid profile of the grape seeds was investigated. Total phenolic and flavonoid quantities of the grape seeds roasted in microwave (MW) and conventional oven (CO) systems were recorded between 673.57 (control) and 713.57 (MW) to 7121.67 (MW) and 7791.67 mg/100 g (CO), respectively. Antioxidant activities of the grape seeds varied between 6.57 (MW) and 7.24 mmol/kg (control). Catechin and rutin quantities of the grape seeds were recorded to be between 435.30 (CO) and 581.57 (control) to 94.94 (CO) and 110.53 mg/100 g (MW), respectively. While gallic acid amounts of the seed samples are established between 21.06 (control) and 101.79 (MW), quercetin values of the grape seeds were assigned to be between 56.59 (control) and 77.81 mg/100 g (CO). In addition, p-coumaric acid and resveratrol quantities of the grape seeds were recorded between 15.43 (control) and 22.98 (CO) to 12.50 (CO) and 29.57 mg/100 g (MW), respectively. The main fatty acids in oil samples were linoleic, oleic, palmitic and stearic acids in decreasing order. Linoleic and oleic acid values of the oils provided from grape seeds were recorded to be between 72.75 (control) and 73.33% (MW) to 14.79 (CO) and 14.87% (MW), respectively. It was observed that the element results related to the grape seed differed based on the roasting type when compared to the control. The most abundant elements in the grape seed were K, P, Mg, S, Na, Fe, Ca, Zn, and K and P amounts of the grape seeds were reported to be between 6706.93 (MW) and 7089.33 (control) to 2764.27 (CO) and 2927.97 mg/kg (control), respectively. It is thought that it would be beneficial to add grape seeds to foods as an ingredient by taking into account these phytochemical components as a result of the applied heat treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oleo science","volume":"74 1","pages":"25-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai-Min Yang, Hsin-Chun Chen, Cheng-Hung Chuang, Yi-Chan Chiang, Li-Yun Lin
{"title":"Effects of Fingered Citron (Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis) Essential Oil on Improvement in Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia Syrian Hamsters.","authors":"Kai-Min Yang, Hsin-Chun Chen, Cheng-Hung Chuang, Yi-Chan Chiang, Li-Yun Lin","doi":"10.5650/jos.ess24171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess24171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preventing hyperlipidemia and the risk of cardiovascular disease are attractive to public health. Essential oils are extremely promising nutrients for use in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, whose effectiveness is closely related to its volatile composition. We extracted fingered citron essential oil (FCEO) with steam distillation, analyzed the chemical composition, and evaluated its effects on hyperlipidemia. We identified 25 volatile compounds of FCEO with GC/MS, of which the main constituents were limonene and γ-terpinene. This study explored the protective effects of FCEOs against diet-induced hyperlipidemia Syrian hamsters. FCEOs treatment ranges from 0.03% to 0.05% with a daily diet. As of 12 weeks later, we found that the administration of the FCEOs improved the serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (p < 0.05). Further, LDL-C/HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) ratios were significantly reduced (39.02-68.07 vs. 80.27). Simultaneously, the FCEOs had improved lipid metabolism and histopathology in the liver. These actions suggest the potential of FCEO as a valuable source of nutraceuticals in diet-based therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oleo science","volume":"74 3","pages":"321-328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Afiq Ngadni, Soon-Lim Chong, Khalijah Awang, Mohd Sofian Azirun, Dzolkhifli Omar, Intan Haslina Ishak, Norhayu Asib
{"title":"Larvicidal Activity of Chisocheton erythrocarpus Nano-emulsion Formulation against Aedes aegypti.","authors":"Muhammad Afiq Ngadni, Soon-Lim Chong, Khalijah Awang, Mohd Sofian Azirun, Dzolkhifli Omar, Intan Haslina Ishak, Norhayu Asib","doi":"10.5650/jos.ess24118","DOIUrl":"10.5650/jos.ess24118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to improve the larvicidal activity of crude Chisocheton erythrocarpus extract (CCEE) against Aedes aegypti larvae via nano-emulsion formulation method. The fruits of C. erythrocarpus possesses limonoids with good larvicidal activity against Aedes mosquitoes. Using ternary phase diagrams, four selected formulations were prepared using non-ionic surfactants, methylester and water. The optimized nano-emulsion (S5) was discovered to possess submicron particle size (36.32 nm), low polydispersity index (0.348) and higher zeta potential value (-18.2 mV). After 48-hours, the CCEE and S5 demonstrated respective LC<sub>50</sub> values of 139.44 ppm and 75.83 ppm against Ae. aegypti larvae. Higher larvicidal activity of S5 signified improved cuticular penetration of the active ingredient. Moreover, morphological deformities of treated larvae indicated possible interference with the larvae's breathing mechanism, contributing to their death. Thus, the nano-emulsion formulation of C. erythrocarpus extract has the potential to be used as a vector control agent to prevent the spread of dengue infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":16626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oleo science","volume":"74 4","pages":"385-395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preventive Effects of Hochuekkito on Decline in Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Serum Levels in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone 10.","authors":"Kensuke Nakajima, Aimi Idegami, Shigeru Oiso","doi":"10.5650/jos.ess24328","DOIUrl":"10.5650/jos.ess24328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The reduction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with Alzheimer's disease and depression. Senescence-accelerated mouse prone 10 (SAMP10), a rapid aging animal model, exhibits age-related cognitive deficits and depression-like behavior; however, it is unclear the variation of serum BDNF levels. Here, we showed that serum BDNF levels in SAMP10 were lower than those in the normal aging characteristics mouse SAM-resistant 1 (SAMR1), and Hochuekkito suppressed the decline of serum BDNF levels in SAMP10. These results suggest that SAMP10 may be used as an animal model in decreasing serum BDNF levels and Hochuekkito could prevent the age-related BDNF decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":16626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oleo science","volume":"74 4","pages":"429-434"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Nutritional, Phytochemical, Fatty Acids and Mineral Composition of Eremurus robustus Leaves in Bradost Mountain, Kurdistan Region of Iraq.","authors":"Samiaa J Abdulwahid-Kurdi","doi":"10.5650/jos.ess24172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess24172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the wild herbs that grows naturally in the springtime in Kurdistan's mountainous regions is Eremurus robustus. The study aimed to detect the proximate analysis, polyphenols, fatty acid profile, and mineral composition in the leaves of Eremurus robustus. Proximate composition revealed it is a source of vitamin C, fiber, and protein. Nine phenolic compounds and 24 fatty acids were detected, along with 14 saturated and 10 unsaturated fatty acids using high-performance liquid chromatography (HP-LC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometers (GC-MS). Seventeen mineral compositions were found using an inductively coupled spectrophotometric technique. Vegetable trace metal concentrations can be assessed by comparing the daily diets of plants and humans. The research suggests that Eremurus robustus leaves can serve as nutritional supplements and functional foods, not just for therapeutic uses.</p>","PeriodicalId":16626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oleo science","volume":"74 3","pages":"309-319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities, Bioactive Compounds, Organic Acids, Sugars, Micro- and Macro-elements of Aquilaria agallocha Root Organic Extracts.","authors":"Hatice Feyza Akbulut","doi":"10.5650/jos.ess24228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess24228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aquilaria agallocha is an economically valuable plant facing endangerment, sought after globally for its production of agarwood. A. agallocha tree possesses medicinal and aromatic properties in its fruits, branches, leaves, wood, and roots, which are being studied for their effective compounds and their potential bioactive effects on human health. This study aimed to uncover the phytochemical properties and biological activities of A. agallocha roots, which possess medicinal and aromatic characteristics. The phenolic, organic acid, and sugar profiles of A. agallocha roots were determined using HPLC-DAD, while mineral distributions were analyzed via ICP-AES. In vitro antioxidant capacity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Furthermore, the antibacterial effects of methanol extracts of A. agalocha roots against S. aureus, S. carnosus, B. cereus, L. monocytogenes, E. coli, L. innocua, K. pneumoniae, and E. faecalis were estimated with disc diffusion and MIC methods. The amount of total phenolic and in vitro DPPH radical scavenging capacity of A. agalocha roots were determined as 7.529 mg GAE/g and 18.83 µmol TE/g, respectively. Eight phenolic components were detected in the extracts of A. agalocha roots. The most dominant among these phenolic compounds detected was tannic acid, which was followed by 4-hydrobenzoic acid and oleuropein, respectively. In the aqueous extracts of A. agalocha roots, four organic acids were identified, including citric, tartaric, malic and succinic acid, and succinic acid was the most dominant organic acid. Only fructose sugar was detected in the water extracts of A. agalocha roots. The extracts of A. agalocha roots had a strong antibacterial effect against all gram-positive pathogens except for S. carnosus, but did not have any effect against gram-negative bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":16626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oleo science","volume":"74 1","pages":"79-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}