Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology最新文献_第4页

The Rate of NAD⁺ Breakdown Is Maintained Constant against Deletion or Overexpression of NAD⁺-Degrading Enzymes in Mammalian Cells. 哺乳动物细胞中 NAD+ 分解酶的缺失或过表达导致 NAD+ 分解率保持不变

IF 0.7 4区医学

Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.70.295

Nobumasa Hara, Harumi Osago, Mineyoshi Hiyoshi, Mikiko Kobayashi-Miura

{"title":"The Rate of NAD+ Breakdown Is Maintained Constant against Deletion or Overexpression of NAD+-Degrading Enzymes in Mammalian Cells.","authors":"Nobumasa Hara, Harumi Osago, Mineyoshi Hiyoshi, Mikiko Kobayashi-Miura","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.295","url":null,"abstract":"Cellular NAD+ is continuously degraded and synthesized under resting conditions. In mammals, NAD+ synthesis is primarily initiated from nicotinamide (Nam) by Nam phosphoribosyltransferase, whereas poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and 2 (PARP2), sirtuin1 (SIRT1), CD38, and sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1 (SARM1) are involved in NAD+ breakdown. Using flux analysis with 2H-labeled Nam, we found that when mammalian cells were cultured in the absence of Nam, cellular NAD+ levels were maintained and NAD+ breakdown was completely suppressed. In the presence of Nam, the rate of NAD+ breakdown (RB) did not significantly change upon PARP1, PARP2, SIRT1, or SARM1 deletion, whereas stable expression of CD38 did not increase RB. However, RB in PARP1-deleted cells was much higher compared with that in wild-type cells, in which PARP1 activity was blocked with a selective inhibitor. In contrast, RB in CD38-overexpressing cells in the presence of a specific CD38 inhibitor was much lower compared with that in control cells. The results indicate that PARP1 deletion upregulates the activity of other NADases, whereas CD38 expression downregulates the activity of endogenous NADases, including PARP1 and PARP2. The rate of cellular NAD+ breakdown and the resulting NAD+ concentration may be maintained at a constant level, despite changes in the NAD+-degrading enzyme expression, through the compensatory regulation of NADase activity.","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 4","pages":"295-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142108389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Profiles of Japanese Diets Using the Food Exchange Lists for Diabetes Diet. 利用糖尿病饮食食物交换表调查日本饮食中的氨基酸和脂肪酸概况

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.70.25

Ayari Tsumura, Hisami Yamanaka-Okumura, Hana Kawakami, Shiori Yamamoto, Mayu Oura, Hiroshi Tatano, Hirokazu Ohminami, Masashi Masuda, Yutaka Taketani

{"title":"Investigation of Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Profiles of Japanese Diets Using the Food Exchange Lists for Diabetes Diet.","authors":"Ayari Tsumura, Hisami Yamanaka-Okumura, Hana Kawakami, Shiori Yamamoto, Mayu Oura, Hiroshi Tatano, Hirokazu Ohminami, Masashi Masuda, Yutaka Taketani","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.25","DOIUrl":"10.3177/jnsv.70.25","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese provide target values for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. However, they do not provide information on reference values for amino acids (AAs) and fatty acids (FAs), which determine the quality of foods in detail. Therefore, we evaluated AAs and FAs using the Food Exchange Lists-Dietary Guidance for Persons with Diabetes (in Japanese) Utilization, Second Edition Sample Menus and Practice (FELD) as an ideal Japanese diet. Based on FELD, 15 different daily meal patterns were employed with combinations of three levels of carbohydrates %energy (high carbohydrate [HC], 60%; middle carbohydrate [MC], 55%; and low carbohydrate [LC], 50%) and five levels of energy (1,200-2,000 kcal). Using the Japanese Food Composition Table 2020 adjusted for 1,000 kcal, 18 AAs, 49 FAs, and calorie densities (CDs, kcal/g) were calculated and compared among the three groups. Dietary AA was rich in glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and leucine; in order, no significant differences were observed among HC, MC, and LC for 18 AAs. Dietary FA was higher for 18:1 total, 16:0, and 18:2 n-6. Moreover, 16:0, 20:0, and 18:1 total in LC and 22:0 and 18:3 n-3 in MC were significantly higher than those in HC. The HC, MC, and LC CD was low at 0.82, 0.84, and 0.93 kcal/g, respectively. No significant differences in 18 AAs and CD were noted among HC, MC, and LC in FELD; however, significant differences were observed in the FA profiles. This study suggests the importance of evaluating diet using AA and FA units.","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 1","pages":"25-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139990359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Protein Digestion and Absorption Using a Ussing Chamber to Simulate the Environment in the Digestive Tract. 利用 "ssing腔 "模拟消化道环境，分析蛋白质的消化和吸收。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.70.158

Xieyi Zhang, Minami Kaneko, Wangyang Liu, Oyadeyi Ayodele Stephen, Kentaro Nakamura, Maki Yamaguchi, Chigusa Yoshida, Tokiko Oishi, Shoko Kobayashi, Kenta Mizoi, Takuo Ogihara

{"title":"Analysis of Protein Digestion and Absorption Using a Ussing Chamber to Simulate the Environment in the Digestive Tract.","authors":"Xieyi Zhang, Minami Kaneko, Wangyang Liu, Oyadeyi Ayodele Stephen, Kentaro Nakamura, Maki Yamaguchi, Chigusa Yoshida, Tokiko Oishi, Shoko Kobayashi, Kenta Mizoi, Takuo Ogihara","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.158","url":null,"abstract":"The Ussing chamber is a tool for analyzing drug absorption. We investigated whether the Ussing chamber can be used to analyze the process from digestion to absorption of protein in the gastrointestinal tract. Mixtures containing infant formula, whole cow's milk, processed soy milk, enteral nutrition, or human breast milk, were placed in the apical membrane side equipped with Caco-2 cells. After the addition of first pepsin then pancreatin, samples from the apical and basal membranes were collected. Infant formula showed the highest digestibility and absorption rate. This may be attributed to the presence of whey protein, which is rapidly digested and absorbed. The digestion and absorption of human breast milk showed different results in each donor, suggesting that digestion and absorption may vary among individuals. We concluded that the Ussing chamber can continuously analyze the process from digestion to absorption of proteins in the gastrointestinal tract.","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 2","pages":"158-163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the Relationship between MMA Levels in Blood Products and Donor Sex, Age, and Donation Frequency. 血液制品中 MMA 含量与献血者性别、年龄和献血次数的关系。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.70.124

Fei Li, Aiwei Zhu, Caixia Huang, Hui Guo, Lingling Zhu, Hua Zhuang, Suochun Cao

{"title":"On the Relationship between MMA Levels in Blood Products and Donor Sex, Age, and Donation Frequency.","authors":"Fei Li, Aiwei Zhu, Caixia Huang, Hui Guo, Lingling Zhu, Hua Zhuang, Suochun Cao","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.124","url":null,"abstract":"As the aging process accelerates, the age structure of blood donors turns to older and even aged groups. Methylmalonic acid (MMA), a byproduct of propionate metabolism, may be upregulated in the serum of older adults. As a mediator of chronic disease and tumor progression, the MMA content in blood products has become the focus of research. Absolute concentrations of MMA in blood products were determined based on the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, so as to analyze how they were affected by donors' age, sex, and frequency of blood donation. The MMA content in leukocyte-depleted suspended red blood cell (lds-RBC) was significantly higher than that in fresh plasma (p<0.0001). The MMA content among five age groups showed no difference in either fresh plasma or lds-RBCs. The MMA content in fresh plasma was similar in the parameters of the sex, whereas that in lds-RBCs was higher in males than that in females (p=0.035). There were no significant differences in MMA content when it comes to different frequencies of blood donors in either fresh plasma or lds-RBCs. Additionally, there was no significant difference or clear trend in the rate of elevated plasma MMA levels among different sexes, age groups, and blood donation frequency groups. MMA in the blood products from donors in China does not compromise the safety of blood transfusions for cancer patients. Nevertheless, there is a need to focus on MMA levels in Chinese and to develop race-specific and age-specific normal reference ranges.","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 2","pages":"124-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alfacalcidol-Induced Kidney Injury in Patients with Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities. 阿法骨化醇诱发严重运动障碍和智力障碍患者的肾损伤。

IF 0.7 4区医学

Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.70.365

Osamu Uemura, Yuka Hasegawa, Hideaki Nakashima, Kiyomi Hattori, Mari Koduka, Yoshihiro Otobe

{"title":"Alfacalcidol-Induced Kidney Injury in Patients with Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities.","authors":"Osamu Uemura, Yuka Hasegawa, Hideaki Nakashima, Kiyomi Hattori, Mari Koduka, Yoshihiro Otobe","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.365","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) often experience insufficient physical activity, leading to osteoporosis. The active form of vitamin D is commonly prescribed for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis. We observed four cases of kidney injury believed to be associated with the administration of 1α-OH vitamin D (alfacalcidol) preparations. This study employed a case series design to investigate change in kidney function in SMID patients following administration or discontinuation of alfacalcidol. We retrospectively analyzed data of 23 SMID patients (sex: 10 males, 13 females; age range: 27 to 74 y), and assessed kidney function, serum calcium, and albumin levels. Data was grouped into A: 16 cases collected both before starting alfacalcidol administration and during alfacalcidol administration; and into B: 11 cases collected during alfacalcidol administration and after discontinuation of alfacalcidol administration. Of the 23 patients, four were assigned into both group A and group B. Of the 16 cases in group A, six showed ≥30% decreased kidney function. Of the 11 cases in group B, the median values of modified Cr-eGFR were 43.0 and 65.1 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively (p=0.008), indicating a significant improvement in kidney function. It is essential for practitioners to understand that osteoporosis may ordinarily occur in SMID patients due to reduced bone stimulation. Thus caution must be exercised when administering active vitamin D preparations to this population, as they carry a risk of kidney organ damage despite having no direct effect on bone health.","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 5","pages":"365-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Cereal Consumption (Frugra^®) on Autonomic Nervous System Function in Healthcare Workers Who Skip Breakfast. 食用谷物 (Frugra®) 对不吃早餐的医护人员自主神经系统功能的影响。

IF 0.7 4区医学

Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.70.380

Hideki Ebina, Tomotaka Dohi, Yoshifumi Fukushima, Kosuke Fukao, Takatoshi Kasai, Seiji Ueda, Satoshi Matsushita, Atsushi Amano, Tohru Minamino

{"title":"Effect of Cereal Consumption (Frugra®) on Autonomic Nervous System Function in Healthcare Workers Who Skip Breakfast.","authors":"Hideki Ebina, Tomotaka Dohi, Yoshifumi Fukushima, Kosuke Fukao, Takatoshi Kasai, Seiji Ueda, Satoshi Matsushita, Atsushi Amano, Tohru Minamino","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.380","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we aimed to clarify the effects of breakfast intervention on autonomic nerve function in healthcare workers who skip breakfast. This cross-sectional, interventional study was conducted between January 2020 and December 2021. All participants were full-time healthcare workers who completed a self-administered questionnaire on fatigue and subjective symptoms and underwent noninvasive autonomic nerve function tests. \"Skippers\" were defined as individuals who ate breakfast <4 times per week, and \"eaters\" were those who ate breakfast >4 times per week. We introduced a cereal, Frugra (Calbee, Inc.), to skippers who opted for the breakfast intervention. Subsequently, they completed the questionnaire again and repeated the autonomic nerve function tests. Among 196 participants (age [mean±SD]: 29.8±7.8 y; 177 women and 19 men), 120 were categorized as skippers and 76 as eaters. In the skipper group, more participants were nurses, lived alone, and worked the night shift than in the eater group. The Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS) score in the skipper group was higher than that in the eater group, although not significantly. Regarding autonomic nerve function, no significant differences were observed between the groups. In 50 skippers who opted for the breakfast intervention, the CFS score significantly decreased after 4 wk. Log low frequency and log coefficient of component variance total power significantly increased, whereas log high frequency increased, but not significantly, after the intervention. In conclusion, for healthcare workers who were breakfast skippers, the consumption of breakfast cereal reduced their fatigue level and improved their autonomic nervous system activity.","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 5","pages":"380-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nitrate and Nitrite Concentrations in Fingertip Serum Following Beetroot Juice Ingestion Correlate with Those in Venous Plasma. 摄入甜菜根汁后指尖血清中的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐浓度与静脉血浆中的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐浓度相关。

IF 0.7 4区医学

Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.70.441

Naoto Fujii, Shin Omori, Yufuko Kataoka, Takeshi Nishiyasu, Naomi Omi

{"title":"Nitrate and Nitrite Concentrations in Fingertip Serum Following Beetroot Juice Ingestion Correlate with Those in Venous Plasma.","authors":"Naoto Fujii, Shin Omori, Yufuko Kataoka, Takeshi Nishiyasu, Naomi Omi","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.441","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary nitrate (NO3-) supplementation can offer health benefit and improve exercise performance by increasing nitric oxide (NO) through NO3--nitrite (NO2-)-NO pathway. Individuals may benefit from dietary NO3- supplementation by monitoring blood [NO3-] and [NO2-], although a simple and practical method for assessing blood [NO3-] and [NO2-] has not been established. We examined whether fingertip serum samples could substitute for venous plasma samples in assessing [NO3-] and [NO2-]. Ten young adults consumed 140 mL of nitrate-rich beetroot juice. Fingertip serum and venous plasma samples were collected at baseline and every hour for up to 4 h after ingestion. [NO3-] and [NO2-] were similar between samples at baseline, whereas they were higher in fingertip serum throughout the post-ingestion periods. Significant correlations existed between fingertip serum vs. venous plasma for both [NO3-] and [NO2-] throughout post-drink periods, except [NO3-] assessed at 2 and 4 h after ingestion of beetroot juice. We show that although fingertip serum [NO3-] and [NO2-] overestimate those measured by venous plasma after dietary NO3- intake (125-141% and 156-183% of venous values), [NO3-] and [NO2-] in fingertip serum samples may be utilized for assessing blood [NO3-] and [NO2-] levels, although [NO3-] assessment may lack precision compared to [NO2-].","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 5","pages":"441-444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vegetable and Fruit Intake and LOX-Index in Japanese Municipal Workers. 日本市政工人的蔬菜和水果摄入量与 LOX 指数。

IF 0.7 4区医学

Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.70.396

Mirai Sakanari, Masanori Ohta, Mayumi Nagano, Yoko Umeki, Akiko Nanri

{"title":"Vegetable and Fruit Intake and LOX-Index in Japanese Municipal Workers.","authors":"Mirai Sakanari, Masanori Ohta, Mayumi Nagano, Yoko Umeki, Akiko Nanri","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.396","DOIUrl":"10.3177/jnsv.70.396","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetable and fruit intake has been reported to be associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. To date, however, no study has examined the association between vegetable and fruit intake and LOX-index, which reflects the progression of atherosclerosis and is a predictive biomarker of stroke and coronary heart disease. Here, we examined the cross-sectional association between vegetable and fruit intake and LOX-index in Japanese municipal workers. Participants were 338 workers (166 men and 172 women aged 19-71 y) with no history of serious disease who participated in a health and nutrition survey. Vegetable and fruit intake was assessed using a validated brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. LOX-index was calculated by multiplying serum concentrations of the soluble form of lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 by those of LOX-1 ligands containing apolipoprotein B. Multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the geometric mean of LOX-index according to tertile of vegetable and/or fruit intake. Total vegetable and fruit intake was associated with a trend toward decreased LOX-index after adjustment for covariates (p for trend=0.067). In stratified analyses by sex, a significant inverse association between total vegetable and fruit intake and LOX-index was observed in women (p for trend=0.023), whereas such association was not observed in men (p for trend=0.70). None of the intakes of vegetables, fruit, green and yellow vegetables, or other vegetables was associated with LOX-index. Our results suggest that higher intake of total vegetables and fruit is associated with a lower LOX-index in Japanese women.","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 5","pages":"396-405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effects of Adlay Tea Intake on Immune Homeostasis and Vascular Endothelial Function in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Comparative Study. 摄入阿德雷茶对健康成年人免疫稳态和血管内皮功能的影响：一项随机、双盲、平行组比较研究

IF 0.7 4区医学

Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.70.280

Hiroko Oya, Masahiro Nakano, Hiroe Shinohara, Masashi Nagai, Yosuke Takimoto, Takamasa Masuda, Kimiko Kazumura, Mika Mochizuki, Toshihiko Osawa, Hirohito Ishikawa

{"title":"The Effects of Adlay Tea Intake on Immune Homeostasis and Vascular Endothelial Function in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Comparative Study.","authors":"Hiroko Oya, Masahiro Nakano, Hiroe Shinohara, Masashi Nagai, Yosuke Takimoto, Takamasa Masuda, Kimiko Kazumura, Mika Mochizuki, Toshihiko Osawa, Hirohito Ishikawa","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.280","DOIUrl":"10.3177/jnsv.70.280","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive immune response and inflammation are associated with an increased risk of various diseases. In particular, excessive myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in neutrophils causes inflammatory reactions and lifestyle-related diseases. Adlay has a long history of being used as a traditional Chinese medicine. Polyphenols present in adlay seeds are expected to have the effect of suppressing excessive immune and inflammatory responses. Here, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the suppressing effects of adlay seeds extract on excessive immune responses. One hundred and twenty adults participated in the study and they were equally divided into an adlay tea intake group and a placebo group. MPO activity was significantly elevated in the placebo group after 8-wk ingestion, while no significant change was observed in the adlay group. Vascular endothelial functions improved in the adlay group, especially in subjects over 40 y old. These results indicate that adlay tea intake may suppress an excessive immune and inflammatory responses, and improve arterial stiffness. Since caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid detected in adlay tea are known to inhibit MPO activity, these polyphenols may be the major functional molecules. Collectively, adlay tea is considered to have a preventative effect against lifestyle-related diseases through improving vascular endothelial function by effects to maintain immune homeostasis of the contained polyphenols. This trial was registered at University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000032263).","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 3","pages":"280-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ameliorative Effect of Raspberry Ketone on Hypothalamic Inflammation in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. 树莓酮对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠下丘脑炎症的改善作用。

IF 0.7 4区医学

Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.70.496

Zhao Yao, Zhenhua Zhu, Xingyou Chen, Xiaoping Li

{"title":"Ameliorative Effect of Raspberry Ketone on Hypothalamic Inflammation in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice.","authors":"Zhao Yao, Zhenhua Zhu, Xingyou Chen, Xiaoping Li","doi":"10.3177/jnsv.70.496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.70.496","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of raspberry ketone on hypothalamic inflammation and its mechanism. Mouse microglia cells (BV2 cells) were cultured in vitro with palmitic acid (100 μM) to induce inflammation model and then incubated with raspberry ketone (5, 20, 50 μM) alone or raspberry ketone (50 μM) and the specific inhibitor of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), genipin (10 μM), to test the role of UCP2 in raspberry ketone regulatory of inflammation. Meanwhile, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet containing raspberry ketone (0.2%, wt/wt) for 16 wk or 7 d to observe the effects of raspberry ketone on the body weights and hypothalamic inflammation of mice. The expression levels of inflammatory factors, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), were detected using RT-qPCR, Elisa, and Western blotting, respectively. At the cellular level, raspberry ketone reduced the content of inflammatory factors in BV2 cells and in the cell culture medium. Genipin inhibited the anti-inflammatory effect of raspberry ketone on BV2 cells. At the animal level, after 16 wk of feeding, raspberry ketone-containing diets significantly reduced the body weight of mice, but had no significant effect on the mRNA expression level of hypothalamic inflammatory factors. On the other hand, 7 d of raspberry ketone gavage significantly reduced mRNA and protein expression of hypothalamic inflammatory factors. The results of this study suggest that raspberry ketone could regulate high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice, and the specific mechanism may be to inhibit hypothalamic inflammation in mice by regulating UCP2 gene expression.","PeriodicalId":16624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology","volume":"70 6","pages":"496-502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0