Journal of Ovarian Research最新文献

{"title":"FRα expression in borderline ovarian tumors and low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma: prognostic and immune microenvironmental associations.","authors":"Xun Xu, Lin Yuan, Huangyang Meng, Lin Zhang, Wenjun Cheng","doi":"10.1186/s13048-026-02195-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13048-026-02195-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Folate receptor alpha (FRα) is overexpressed in various epithelial ovarian carcinomas and has emerged as a potential therapeutic target. However, its expression pattern and clinical significance in borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) and related low-grade serous tumors remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between FRα expression and clinicopathologic characteristics of BOTs and low-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (LGSOC), and to explore the features of the tumor immune microenvironment in relation to FRα expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 100 surgically resected ovarian epithelial tumors (2014-2024) were retrospectively analyzed, including 91 BOTs and 9 LGSOCs. FRα expression was heterogeneous across histologic subtypes. High FRα expression (immunoreactive score ≥ 8) was detected in 13% (13/100) of cases and was predominantly observed in serous tumors (15.6%, 12/77). Within the serous subset, tumors with micropapillary features showed higher FRα expression, approaching levels observed in LGSOCs. FRα-high cases demonstrated a significantly higher recurrence rate compared with FRα-low tumors (42% vs. 14%, P = 0.003), particularly in serous subset. FRα expression was inversely correlated with immune cell infiltration and positively correlated with PD-L1 (r = 0.36, P < 0.001) and PD-1 expression. Moreover, a high proportion of FRα⁺PD-L1⁺ double-positive tumor epithelial cells in serous tumors was associated with shorter disease-free survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FRα expression was heterogeneous across BOT subtypes and tended to be higher in SBOTs with micropapillary features and LGSOCs. High FRα expression is associated with tumor recurrence and an immunosuppressive microenvironment, suggesting that FRα may serve as a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in BOTs and LGSOCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16610,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ovarian Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13640214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-scale transcriptome analysis reveals KIF20A as a novel indicator of cisplatin resistance in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.","authors":"Lixin Cheng, Xiao Wang, Jie Zhang, Qitai Cai, Shishi Meng, Jie Li, Pingyue Yu, Yifan Zhang, Shaoxiang Wang, Dapeng Hao, Minge Li, Haili Li","doi":"10.1186/s13048-026-02173-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13048-026-02173-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurately assessing chemosensitivity to drugs such as cisplatin is crucial for optimizing outcomes of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) patients. Developing prediction models and identifying biomarkers can assist differentiate chemotherapy-sensitive from chemotherapy-resistant subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We integrated 908 transcriptome samples from 12 HGSOC datasets of GEO and TCGA across four detection platforms. Differentially ranked genes (DRGs) were identified by applying intra-sample rank transformation and performing T-test. To refine the selection of informative DRGs, a recurrent logistic regression (RLR) model was employed, followed by model optimization using the Pairwise Analysis of Gene Expression (PAGE) algorithm to establish clinically applicable gene pair signature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kinesin Family Member 20 A (KIF20A) and Chromogranin B (CHGB) were paired to establish a robust gene pair signature, KIF20A::CHGB Pair (KCP), which exhibited remarkable discriminant accuracy (Accuracy = 0.9397; AUROC = 0.9668; AUPRC = 0.9799) in distinguishing HGSOC from controls in eight independent validation cohorts. Further survival and functional analyses revealed that altered rank relationships between KIF20A and CHGB were significantly associated with prognosis and platinum resistance in HGSOC. Following exposure to standard chemotherapy regimens, we conducted RT-qPCR, CCK-8(Cell Counting Kit-8) viability assays, EdU proliferation assays, flow cytometry, and SynergyFinder, which collectively assessed cellular proliferation and cell-cycle responses, demonstrating that both genes contribute comparably to the malignant phenotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated KIF20A or CHGB expression drives chemoresistance and correlates with poor prognosis in HGSOC. Silencing either gene significantly enhances the growth‑inhibitory effects of cisplatin and other standard chemotherapeutic agents. Our findings establish KCP as a robust diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and highlight KIF20A and CHGB as synergistic targets for overcoming platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":16610,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ovarian Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13637387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant supplementation in mammalian ovarian tissue cryopreservation: a scoping review of experimental models, protocols, and reported outcomes.","authors":"Rachel F Braga, Bruna R C Alves, Lucas F L Correia, Marie Saint-Dizier, Gutemberg G Alves, Joanna M G Souza-Fabjan","doi":"10.1186/s13048-026-02183-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-026-02183-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryopreservation of ovarian tissues represents an important strategy for fertility preservation for patients undergoing gonadotoxic treatments; however, post-thaw tissue viability remains limited. The addition of antioxidants to cryopreservation media has been proposed to mitigate oxidative damage, although published results remain inconsistent across species, cryopreservation protocols, and antioxidant types and doses. This scoping review mapped the available experimental evidence on antioxidant supplementation in cryopreservation media for mammalian ovarian tissue, including human tissue, with emphasis on the compounds evaluated, experimental models, cryopreservation protocols, outcome domains, and reported post-thaw or post-warming responses. A total of 815 records were retrieved, and 27 studies were included, yielding 38 independent experimental conditions. Most studies were conducted in mice (22.2%), cattle (18.5%), sheep (14.8%), and rats (14.8%). Most experimental conditions reported at least one favorable outcome after antioxidant supplementation, although the assessed endpoints, time points, and reporting approaches varied substantially across studies. Melatonin was the most frequently investigated compound and was associated with favorable findings across different species and cryopreservation protocols; limited post-transplantation functional data were additionally reported for glutathione, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and L-proline. Several other antioxidants [glutathione, EGCG, Tanshinone IIA, α-lipoic acid, kisspeptin, vitamins C and E, anethole, robinin, selenium, L-proline, aloe vera, betaine, Trolox (a water-soluble vitamin E analog), α-tocopherol, catalase, Croton argyrophyllus essential oil, and Punica granatum extract] were reported in narrower or more context-dependent experimental settings, suggesting that species, cryopreservation method, antioxidant type, concentration, and assessment conditions may influence the observed responses. Collectively, the mapped evidence indicates a heterogeneous and predominantly preclinical literature in which antioxidant supplementation is often associated with favorable post-cryopreservation findings; however, standardized protocols, harmonized outcome reporting, and long-term functional assessments are needed to clarify the comparative relevance and translational applicability of these approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":16610,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ovarian Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148412021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Full-length transcriptomic profiling reveals age-associated isoform remodeling and altered coding potential in the mouse ovary.","authors":"Haiyang Wu, Xiaoyu Yin, Min Zhang, Kanghua Zhong, Yalin Liang, Yiduo Wang, Yelian Yan, Xueqi Dong, Yuxin Xu, Hao Yu, Keliang Wu, Shenli Yuan, Chuanxin Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13048-026-02193-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13048-026-02193-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovarian aging, marked by a progressive diminution of oocyte quality and quantity, is a major contributor to declining female fertility and age-related reproductive disorders. However, transcript-level changes underlying this process remain incompletely understood. In this study, we applied Oxford Nanopore long-read RNA sequencing to profile full-length transcripts from granulosa cells and oocytes of young (6-8 weeks) and aged (10 months) mice, complemented by Illumina short-read sequencing for orthogonal support. We performed transcript annotation, differential expression analysis, alternative polyadenylation (APA) analysis, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to investigate age-associated transcriptomic changes. Comprehensive annotation classified 130,730 high-confidence transcripts, including over 100,000 putative novel isoforms, and revealed that aging was associated with a shift toward isoforms with lower predicted coding potential. Exploratory enrichment analysis suggested that transcripts with lower predicted coding potential were associated with biological processes such as protein synthesis and chromosome segregation. APA analysis identified age-associated 3'UTR shortening. Transcript-level differential expression and isoform-switching analysis uncovered 795 significant switching events across both cell types, frequently associated with predicted open reading frame changes and potential protein-domain loss. Exploratory WGCNA highlighted modules associated with aging and cell-type specificity, including an Esr1-derived hub transcript, TALONT000180938, from a gene previously linked to ovarian function and disease. Many disease-associated genes exhibited cell-type-specific isoform usage, with several novel isoforms undetectable at the gene level. Our results indicate that long-read sequencing improves isoform-level resolution of ovarian transcriptomic diversity and identifies candidate aging-associated transcript alterations that may be relevant to reproductive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":16610,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ovarian Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148412137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sphingosine-1-phosphate mitigates radiation-induced ovarian injury in rats by suppressing ferroptosis via activating the Nrf2-GCLC-GPX4 axis.","authors":"Jiahui Zhao, Fengmei Cui, Da Li, Mei Wang, Lisha Tang, Hong Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13048-026-02192-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13048-026-02192-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian tissue is highly sensitive to ionizing radiation; even low-dose exposure can lead to premature ovarian failure and infertility. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying radiation-induced ovarian damage and potential protective interventions remain incompletely defined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a rat model of abdominal irradiation, we investigated whether sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) protects against radiation-induced ovarian injury by modulating ferroptosis. Rats were pretreated with S1P, with or without the glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) inhibitor L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) or the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1). Ovarian histopathology, follicle counts, serum hormone levels, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, and ferroptosis-related proteins were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>S1P treatment significantly alleviated radiation-induced structural and functional ovarian damage by preserving ovarian architecture, increasing follicle number (notably primordial follicles), normalizing serum hormone levels, and reducing inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, S1P mitigated mitochondrial injury and oxidative stress by decreasing iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, while restoring glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and mitochondrial membrane potential. Mechanistically, S1P enhanced the expression of GCLC and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), suppressed transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) expression, and transiently activated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling. Pharmacological inhibition of GCLC by BSO abolished these protective effects, confirming the essential role of the Nrf2-GCLC-GPX4 axis in regulating ferroptosis and redox balance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>S1P protects against radiation-induced ovarian injury by suppressing ferroptosis through upregulation of GCLC and GPX4 downstream of Nrf2 activation. These findings identify S1P as a potential therapeutic agent for preserving ovarian function during radiotherapy and highlight the GCLC-GSH-GPX4 pathway as a critical target for ovarian radioprotection.</p>","PeriodicalId":16610,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ovarian Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148396863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and validation of a machine learning model for predicting early pregnancy in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Yuxiao Liu, Hong Yu, Jin Peng, Jiahui Zhao, Zhuwei Gao, Jiannan Yu, Xiaoke Wu","doi":"10.1186/s13048-026-02130-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13048-026-02130-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a leading cause of female infertility, and early pregnancy outcomes in affected women are affected by multiple interactive factors; however, no well-established predictive tools are available. This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning (ML) models for predicting early pregnancy in women with PCOS and compare the predictive performance of different ML algorithms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial including 994 PCOS patients recruited from 21 research centers. Candidate predictors included reproductive history, ultrasound parameters, and serum hormone levels. Missing data were processed using multiple imputation. Variables were initially screened by LASSO regression, and final predictors were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Three ML models-random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and decision tree (DT)-were constructed. The dataset was randomly split into training (70%) and validation (30%) cohorts. Model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, and F1 score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LASSO regression and logistic regression analyses identified four key predictors: body mass index (BMI), body weight, endometrial thickness, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). In the validation cohort, the RF model showed the best overall performance, with an AUC of 0.56 (95% CI: 0.493-0.628), sensitivity of 65.1%, and specificity of 47.0%. All models exhibited moderate predictive efficacy with an AUC range of 0.505-0.56. The RF model yielded a PPV of 24.8%, NPV of 83.3%, accuracy of 50.8%, and F1 score of 0.360.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ML-based predictive models for early pregnancy in PCOS patients were successfully established. All models demonstrated moderate discriminative ability, with the RF model showing relatively superior performance. These models may serve as adjunctive tools for clinical decision-making, while the moderate predictive power underscores the multifactorial complexity of early pregnancy in PCOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":16610,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ovarian Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148404880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acetylation in ovarian cancer: mechanistic insights into drug resistance and emerging therapeutic opportunities.","authors":"Shujie Chen, Qinhong He, Yunxiao He, Jingji Jin, Aiping Wen","doi":"10.1186/s13048-026-02191-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13048-026-02191-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug resistance remains a major challenge in the treatment of ovarian cancer and is a leading cause of recurrence and poor clinical outcomes. Increasing evidence has identified acetylation as a critical epigenetic and post-translational modification that contributes to therapeutic resistance through the regulation of chromatin accessibility, gene transcription, protein function, and cellular signaling. Recent studies suggest that acetylation functions as an integrative regulatory hub linking multiple resistance-associated processes, including DNA damage repair, cancer stemness, cellular plasticity, metabolic adaptation, and immune evasion. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms by which histone and non-histone acetylation, together with acetylation-associated regulatory networks, drive ovarian cancer drug resistance. We further discuss current advances in acetylation-targeted therapeutic strategies, including HDAC inhibitors, BET inhibitors, emerging KAT inhibitors, and rational combination approaches designed to overcome resistance. Collectively, acetylation-centered regulatory networks represent promising therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms may facilitate biomarker-guided patient stratification and support the development of more effective strategies for overcoming drug resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16610,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ovarian Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13621711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astaxanthin attenuates CTX-induced premature ovarian failure by alleviating ovarian apoptosis and autophagy in vivo.","authors":"Ling Nie, Zihang Wang, Xinyuan Huang, Yating Yu, Jia Li, Han Zeng, Dingfei Xu","doi":"10.1186/s13048-026-02175-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13048-026-02175-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer that frequently causes premature ovarian failure (POF), a clinical syndrome characterized by menstrual irregularities in women under the age of 40 years, accompanied by elevated serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and decreased estrogen levels. Astaxanthin (AS), a natural antioxidant, has been shown to exert various biological effects, including anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects. However, further investigation into its anti-ovarian aging mechanism is warranted.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two-month-old female mice and CTX-induced POF model mice were used. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, TUNEL assays, Western blotting, and qPCR analyses were employed to evaluate ovarian function and related phenotypes after astaxanthin treatment. Subsequently, network pharmacology analysis was used to elucidated potential targets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Astaxanthin intervention significantly ameliorated estrous cycle disorder in POF mice and restored serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and estradiol (E₂). Meanwhile, astaxanthin markedly enhanced the ovarian reserve and suppressed CTX-induced apoptosis and autophagy. Mechanistically, astaxanthin was found to modulate the CYP19A1 expression, thereby enhancing ovarian function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study elucidates the mechanism by which astaxanthin improves ovarian function through the CYP19A1, providing potential molecular targets and therapeutic strategies for the clinical treatment of POF.</p>","PeriodicalId":16610,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ovarian Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perioperative prediction of adnexal malignancy by an interpretable machine learning model for guiding ovarian preservation in premenopausal endometrial cancer.","authors":"Jia Wang, Jie Ding, Fei Wang, Ying Xiang Wang, Jian Gu, Xiao Mao Li","doi":"10.1186/s13048-026-02190-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13048-026-02190-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian preservation in premenopausal patients with endometrial cancer remains challenging due to the potential presence of concurrent adnexal malignancy. To support surgical decision-making, we developed an interpretable machine learning model for the perioperative identification of high-risk patients, thereby facilitating personalized ovarian preservation strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of endometrial cancer patients treated at our institution between 2010 and 2024. After feature selection via multicollinearity analysis and LASSO regression, eight machine learning algorithms were trained to predict coexisting adnexal malignancy. Model performance was evaluated using ROC analysis, accuracy metrics, and Brier score calibration. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were applied to interpret the contribution of key features in the optimal model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 296 included patients, 29 (9.8%) had coexisting adnexal malignancy. Sixteen predictive features were selected from clinical, imaging, serum biomarker, and histopathological domains. The Naive Bayes classifier achieved superior performance with an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86-0.97), accuracy of 91.0%, and well-calibrated predictions (Brier score: 0.11). The SHAP further elucidated the contribution of each variable to the model's predictions, emphasizing the importance of factors such as Cancer Antigen 125, Estrogen Receptor status, Human Epididymis Protein 4.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Naive Bayes model exhibits high discriminative accuracy for the perioperative prediction of concurrent adnexal malignancy. This decision support tool shows strong potential for clinical application, promoting individualized surgical management and aiding in ovarian preservation for premenopausal endometrial cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16610,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ovarian Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin in ovarian function and dysfunction: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential.","authors":"Xuanrui Zhao, Yan Zhang, Kaixin Ding, Ziying Qiu, Yinan Wang, Xiaowei Yu","doi":"10.1186/s13048-026-02188-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13048-026-02188-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melatonin (MT) is a natural indoleamine compound. In addition to regulating sleep and circadian rhythms, MT exhibits antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and ovarian protective properties. Recent studies have shown that MT alleviates polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), ovarian injury, and age-related ovarian function decline. This review establishes an integrated mechanistic model in which oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory responses, and autophagic imbalance collectively contribute to the pathogenesis of ovarian disorders, while melatonin acts as a pleiotropic regulator that counteracts these interconnected pathological pathways. Furthermore, this review also discusses recent advances regarding the inhibitory effects of melatonin on ovarian tumors. Although MT shows considerable clinical promise, further research is needed to determine its optimal dosage, administration regimens, and therapeutic targets to facilitate its clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16610,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ovarian Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}