Saeed Rahmani, Farid Karimian, Kiana Hassanpour, Mohammad-Reza Jafarinasab, Sepehr Feizi, Sare Safi, Mohammad Ali Javadi
{"title":"Clinical Outcomes of Stage 2 (Pivotal) Use of a Modified Keratoprosthesis Device (ORC-KPro) in Patients with End-stage Corneal Blindness.","authors":"Saeed Rahmani, Farid Karimian, Kiana Hassanpour, Mohammad-Reza Jafarinasab, Sepehr Feizi, Sare Safi, Mohammad Ali Javadi","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i3.13307","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i3.13307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the short-term results and performance of a modified Boston keratoprosthesis device manufactured by the Ophthalmic Research Center (ORC-KPro) in patients with end-stage corneal blindness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective interventional case series was conducted on patients with corneal blindness who were candidates for KPro. The inclusion criterion comprised patients with a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of less than 20/200 in both eyes, in whom the main reason for vision loss was corneal pathology. The ORC-KPro was implanted using the method previously described for Boston KPro.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study focused on 12 eyes of 12 patients with an average age of 45.9 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 16.8 (range, 19 to 70) years. Eleven patients were male. The KPro indication was corneal blindness due to chemical burns in nine patients (75%) and failure of multiple previous corneal grafts in three patients (25%). Anatomical success was achieved in all patients. The preoperative BCVA was light perception (LP) in 10 eyes and hand motion in 1 eye. Except for one patient who was diagnosed with grade C proliferative vitreoretinopathy during the surgery, the vision of all other patients (91.6%) improved after surgery. The retroprosthetic membrane (RPM) was formed in two eyes (18.1%) after six months. Of the 12 patients, 10 (83.3%) were under treatment with two antiglaucoma medications before surgery. The intraocular pressure of three eyes (25%) was estimated to be high by tactile palpation; however, it decreased in two eyes to the acceptable range. One patient underwent retinal surgery due to total retinal detachment, and two patients (16.7%) underwent vitrectomy due to endophthalmitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study showed that, in the short term, the use of ORC-KPro achieved favorable anatomical success in patients with corneal blindness. However, the functional success rate was limited by the low visual potential due to advanced glaucoma in most patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"297-305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aneesh Rahangdale, Elise Fernandez, Douglas S Weinberg, David Fleischman
{"title":"Investigating Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Prone Position Spinal Surgery Patients: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Aneesh Rahangdale, Elise Fernandez, Douglas S Weinberg, David Fleischman","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i3.13863","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i3.13863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intraoperative positioning and ocular immobility on the amount of cerebrospinal fluid around the optic nerve in patients undergoing prone spinal surgery by measuring the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) using ultrasound.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive participants (<i>n</i> = 15 patients, 30 eyes) were scanned preoperatively, intraoperatively approximately 20 minutes before the end of the surgery, and postoperatively in the post-anesthesia care unit at least 10 min after the completion of the surgery at one academic hospital.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, patients who underwent prone spinal surgery had a 21% increase in ONSD intraoperatively, with a positive time-dependent relationship with the overall length of surgery (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001). ONSDs postoperatively returned to baseline and were not significantly different from preoperative measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest pooling and inadequate clearance of perioptic cerebrospinal fluid during prone spinal surgery that improves following termination of the procedure and return of the patient to an upright position.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"347-353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hesam Hashemian, Tunde Peto, Renato Ambrósio, Imre Lengyel, Rahele Kafieh, Ahmed Muhammed Noori, Masoud Khorrami-Nejad
{"title":"Application of Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology: An Updated Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Hesam Hashemian, Tunde Peto, Renato Ambrósio, Imre Lengyel, Rahele Kafieh, Ahmed Muhammed Noori, Masoud Khorrami-Nejad","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i3.15893","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i3.15893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) holds immense promise for transforming ophthalmic care through automated screening, precision diagnostics, and optimized treatment planning. This paper reviews recent advances and challenges in applying AI techniques such as machine learning and deep learning to major eye diseases. In diabetic retinopathy, AI algorithms analyze retinal images to accurately identify lesions, which helps clinicians in ophthalmology practice. Systems like IDx-DR (IDx Technologies Inc, USA) are FDA-approved for autonomous detection of referable diabetic retinopathy. For glaucoma, deep learning models assess optic nerve head morphology in fundus photographs to detect damage. In age-related macular degeneration, AI can quantify drusen and diagnose disease severity from both color fundus and optical coherence tomography images. AI has also been used in screening for retinopathy of prematurity, keratoconus, and dry eye disease. Beyond screening, AI can aid treatment decisions by forecasting disease progression and anti-VEGF response. However, potential limitations such as the quality and diversity of training data, lack of rigorous clinical validation, and challenges in regulatory approval and clinician trust must be addressed for the widespread adoption of AI. Two other significant hurdles include the integration of AI into existing clinical workflows and ensuring transparency in AI decision-making processes. With continued research to address these limitations, AI promises to enable earlier diagnosis, optimized resource allocation, personalized treatment, and improved patient outcomes. Besides, synergistic human-AI systems could set a new standard for evidence-based, precise ophthalmic care.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"354-367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Sharifi, Mohammad Yaser Kiarudi, Samaneh Gholamhoseinpour-Omran, Mohammad Alipour, Elham Bakhtiari
{"title":"Intravenous Tranexamic Acid for Control of Bleeding during External Dacryocystorhinostomy under General Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Mohammad Sharifi, Mohammad Yaser Kiarudi, Samaneh Gholamhoseinpour-Omran, Mohammad Alipour, Elham Bakhtiari","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i3.13947","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i3.13947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of intravenous tranexamic acid administered prior to external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery to decrease intraoperative bleeding under general anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial. A total of 70 patients (35 intervention and 35 control) with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) who were selected for DCR surgery between September 2021 and September 2022 were included. After clinical examinations and laboratory tests, patients were randomly classified into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received 10 mg/kg intravenous tranexamic acid to a maximum dose of 1 gr 30 minutes before the surgery. Controls received normal saline solution as a placebo. The amount of intraoperative bleeding and surgical time were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention group included 21 men (60%) and 14 women (40%), while the control group included 19 men (54.3%) and 16 women (45.7%). The mean ages of the participants were 55.46 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 10.8 years and 58.06 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 11.28 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. A significant difference was observed between the two groups in the surgical time analysis (control group: 37.74 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 9.52 minutes vs intervention: 26.03 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 10.5 minutes; P <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001). Additionally, there was a significant difference in the bleeding volume between the intervention (70.66 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 48.19 ml) and control (47.74 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 60 ml) groups (P <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intravenous tranexamic acid administration before the DCR procedure can successfully control bleeding during the surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"340-346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Keratoprosthesis Surgery: Evolution and Global Adaptations.","authors":"Mohammad Soleimani, Ali R Djalilian","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i3.17132","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i3.17132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"271-272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Madison R Taylor, Marian Berryhill, Dennis Mathew, Nicholas G Murray
{"title":"Elevated Smooth Pursuit Gain in Collegiate Athletes with Sport-related Concussion Immediately Following Injury.","authors":"Madison R Taylor, Marian Berryhill, Dennis Mathew, Nicholas G Murray","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.12348","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.12348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although there is evidence that sport-related concussion (SRC) affects oculomotor function and perceptual ability, experiments are often poorly controlled and are not replicable. This study aims to test the hypothesis that there are decreased values when assessing oculomotor impairment indicating poorer performance in SRC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen DI athletes presenting with SRC (7 females, 8 males) and 15 student volunteers (CON) (12 females, 3 males) completed a dynamic visual acuity (DVA) task that involved answering the direction of a moving stimulus (Landolt C) while wearing a head-mounted binocular eye tracker. There were 120 trials total with 60 trials presenting at 30º per second and 60 presenting at 90º per second. Various eye movement measurements, including horizontal smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) gain and saccadic peak velocity, were analyzed between groups using univariate ANOVAs. Saccade count in SPEM trials, accuracy, and vision were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistical difference in saccadic peak velocity: SRC = 414.7 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 42º/s, CON = 406.6 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 40.6º/s. A significant difference was found between SRC patients and healthy controls in horizontal SPEM gain (SRC = 0.9 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 0.04, CON = 0.86 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 0.03, F(1,28) = 7.243, <i>P</i> = 0.012) indicating that patients demonstrated compensatory eye movements when tracking the target. There were significantly more saccades in all SPEM trials (<i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SRCoculomotor deficits manifest as elevated horizontal SPEM gain when assessed within 48 hours of injury and compared to healthy controls within the same age range<b>.</b> SRC demonstrates altered oculomotor ability. While accurate in tracking a stimulus, SRC patients may conduct less controlled eye movements.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 2","pages":"227-234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Visual and Ocular Characteristics of Anisometropic Children.","authors":"Zhale Rajavi, Narges Behradfar, Marzieh Sharahi Dizabadi, Bahareh Kheiri, Kourosh Sheibani, Hamideh Sabbaghi","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.12413","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.12413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the demographic and ocular characteristics of patients with low and high levels of anisometropia compared with non-anisometropic individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1803 individuals (age range, 1 to 30 years) examined at strabismus clinics between January 2019 and December 2020. Of these, 203 subjects had anisometropia (11.2%); 66 cases were excluded due to the history of prior ocular surgery except from strabismus surgery. Finally, data from 137 subjects were analyzed. Spherical or cylindrical differences of 1.50 or 3.00D between the two eyes were defined as low or high anisometropia, respectively, and isometropic subjects (<i>n</i> = 1600) served as controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference was observed between cases and controls regarding age (10.25 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 8.41 vs. 9.2 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 1.7 years; <i>P</i> = 0.133) and sex (<i>P</i> = 0.051). History of ocular surgery was present in 33% of anisometropic patients versus 0.8 % of isometropic cases. The rate of amblyopia was 83% and 2.3% in anisometropic and non-anisometropic groups, respectively. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was comparable in amblyopic eyes in both study groups, while BCVA of non-amblyopic eyes of non-anisometropic subjects was better (non-anisometropic: 0.01 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 0.01 vs. anisometropic: 0.06 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 0.17 LogMAR; <i>P</i> = 0.001). Eye deviation was significantly more prevalent among anisometropic patients (36.5% vs. 3.25%, <i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) and exotropia was the common type of deviation. Anisohyperopia and anisomyopia were the most common refractive errors under low and high anisometropia categories, respectively. Simultaneous manifestation of amblyopia and strabismus were observed in 30.6% of anisometropic cases, while only 0.7% of subjects with isometropia had a similar status (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High rates of amblyopia and strabismus in anisometropic subjects, especially with higher degrees of anomaly, indicate the necessity of early visual acuity and refractive error screening to improve detection and enhance the outcomes of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 2","pages":"196-204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sahba Fekri, Mohammad-Hasan Rikhtehgar, Abbas Bagheri, Amirreza Veisi, Amir A Azari
{"title":"Presentation of Adult-onset Asthma and Periocular Xanthogranuloma with Intermediate Uveitis and Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Case Report.","authors":"Sahba Fekri, Mohammad-Hasan Rikhtehgar, Abbas Bagheri, Amirreza Veisi, Amir A Azari","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.9629","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.9629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a case of adult-onset asthma and periocular xanthogranuloma (AAPOX) in a patient with intermediate uveitis and a history of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL).</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 51-year-old man with a past medical history of HL presented with blurred vision, asthma, and bilateral yellowish eyelid lesions. The eyelid lesions and asthma appeared 10 years after being diagnosed with HL. Physical examination was significant for multiple subcutaneous and firm eyelid masses in addition to the presence of pre-auricular and submandibular lymphadenopathies. Ophthalmic examination revealed bilateral intermediate uveitis and mild macular edema. Further systemic evaluations, including laboratory testing and imaging, were normal. Excisional biopsy of the eyelid lesions was performed and the histopathologic examination was consistent with the diagnosis of AAPOX.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of AAPOX in a patient with intermediate uveitis and history of HL suggests that immunological dysfunction may play a role in the pathogenesis of adult orbital xanthogranulomatous disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 2","pages":"255-259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pruthvi K Sharlin, Saumya Patel, Victoria C Kuritza, Nichole Pompey, Kayéromi D Gomez, Mitul R Vakharia
{"title":"Clinical and Visual Outcomes of Four Presbyopia Correcting Intraocular Lenses.","authors":"Pruthvi K Sharlin, Saumya Patel, Victoria C Kuritza, Nichole Pompey, Kayéromi D Gomez, Mitul R Vakharia","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.11034","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.11034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare objective and subjective outcomes of the multifocal intraocular lenses ReSTOR SN6AD1 and Tecnis ZKB00, extended depth of focus IOL Symfony ZXR00, and trifocal IOL PanOptix TFNT00.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 262 patients (524 eyes) who had phacoemulsification with IOL implantation, 128 eyes with SN6AD1, 124 eyes with ZKB00, 136 eyes with ZXR00, and 136 eyes with TFNT00. Objective outcomes included one-month postoperative uncorrected (U) and corrected (C) distance (D) and near (N) visual acuities (VA). Subjective outcomes included photic phenomena, spectacle use, and spectacle-independent visual function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spectacle use (%) in the SN6AD1, ZKB00 ZXR00, and TFNT00 groups was 39, 64, 87, and 37 respectively (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.0001). Presence of photic phenomena (%) for SN6AD1, ZKB00, ZXR00, and TFNT00 was 66, 61, and 67, and 73, respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.57). Spectacle-independent mean VF-14 score (%) for SN6AD1, ZKB00, ZXR00, and TFNT00 was 89.5, 87.2, 80.9, and 83.6, respectively (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All four IOLs provided excellent postoperative visual acuity and equally high rates of photic phenomena. SN6AD1 and TFNT00 provided the least spectacle use while ZXR00 had the highest spectacle use.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 2","pages":"152-160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141763980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}