Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Intrascleral Lakes after Phaco-Viscocanalostomy using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography.","authors":"Saeed Shokoohi-Rad, Amir-Reza Ansar, Abbas Vatandoost, Javad Firoozi","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.13228","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.13228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the results of combined phacoemulsification and viscocanalostomy (phaco-VC) in a six-month follow-up and its relationship with intrascleral lake (IL) using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 36 eyes with POAG eligible for phaco-VC were enrolled in this prospective observational study. All patients underwent AS-OCT evaluation and ophthalmologic examination including Goldman tonometry, cup-disc ratio assessment, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurement, and antiglaucoma medication(s) prior to surgery and one, three, and six months after the surgery. The width, length, area, and circumference of the ILs were evaluated using AS-OCT at each follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 36 eyes of 34 patients with POAG were investigated in this study. According to the results, the mean age of the patients was 70.09 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 8.73 years, and the majority of the cases were male (<i>n</i> = 23; 63.9%). The mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was 20.11 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 7.22 mmHg on 2.47 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 1.1 medications, and the mean postoperative IOP reduced to 11.11 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 2.58 mmHg on 0.11 medications, which was statistically significant (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001). ILs were detectable in all cases which resulted in a 100% qualified success rate. The reduction in the width, area, and circumference of the IL was significant during the six-month follow-up. The relationship between IOP changes and IL parameters on AS-OCT was not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study evaluated the associations between IL changes and IOP reduction after phaco-VC. A six-month follow-up showed a notable reduction in the IL, but unexpectedly, IOP control did not decline. A reduction in IL diameter, when there is sufficient IOP control, indicates that there may be various IOP lowering mechanisms through VC other than the IL diameters. Further evaluation of VC focusing on long-term changes in IL and Schlemm's canal diameter is necessary to explain the precise mechanisms of lowering the IOP.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 2","pages":"161-171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Validation of a Handheld Deep Learning Tool for Identification of Glaucoma Medications.","authors":"Christopher D Yang, Jasmine Wang, Ludovico Verniani, Melika Ghalehei, Lauren E Chen, Ken Y Lin","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.13983","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.13983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To validate a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based smartphone application for the identification of glaucoma eye drop medications in patients with normal and impaired vision.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-eight patients with visual acuity (VA) of 20/70 or worse in at least one eye who presented to an academic glaucoma clinic from January 2021 through August 2022 were included. Non-English-speaking patients were excluded. Enrolled subjects participated in an activity in which they identified a predetermined and preordered set of six topical glaucoma medications, first without the CNN and then with the CNN for a total of six sequential measurements per subject. Responses to a standardized survey were collected during and after the activity. Primary quantitative outcomes were medication identification accuracy and time. Primary qualitative outcomes were subjective ratings of ease of smartphone application use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Topical glaucoma medication identification accuracy (OR = 12.005, <i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) and time (OR = 0.007, <i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) both independently improved with CNN use. CNN use significantly improved medication accuracy in patients with glaucoma (OR = 4.771, <i>P</i> = 0.036) or VA <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 20/70 in at least one eye (OR = 4.463, <i>P</i> = 0.013) and medication identification time in patients with glaucoma (OR = 0.065, <i>P</i> = 0.017). CNN use had a significant positive association with subject-reported ease of medication identification (X²(1) = 66.117, <i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our CNN-based smartphone application is efficacious at improving glaucoma eye drop identification accuracy and time. This tool can be used in the outpatient setting to avert preventable vision loss by improving medication adherence in patients with glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 2","pages":"172-182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraocular Muscle Transplantation Surgery for Primary Treatment of Extra Large-angle Squint.","authors":"Adedayo O Adio, Chinyelu N Ezisi, Elizabeth D Nkanga","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.12791","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.12791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Large-angle horizontal ocular deviations will commonly require bilateral surgery to correct the primary ocular deviation. However, considering the need for full correction with one surgical procedure and patients' reluctance to be operated on the good eye, such large horizontal ocular deviations may be managed with true muscle transplantation. The authors present a case series of patients who underwent this procedure and develop a surgical table to guide management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with horizontal squints measuring 80 prism diopters (PD) or larger in all age groups who underwent extraocular muscle transplantation surgery between January 2019 and June 2022 in Nigeria were included. Preoperative deviation of the squint, sensory evaluation, surgical dosage, and outcomes were documented. Part of the resected muscle was transplanted to give additional recession in the antagonist muscle. Success was defined as deviation corrected by 60% or more or postoperative ocular alignment within 10 PD or less, six weeks postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen patients with extra-large-angle strabismus were operated. Male/female ratio was 0.6:1. Mean preoperative deviation of 89.6 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 9.3 collapsed to 6.6 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 1.8 PD at six weeks and continued to improve to a mean deviation of 2.5 PD at six months postoperatively. When the subgroup of patients who were <math><mo><</mo></math> 18 years were analyzed, the outcome was equally successful; preoperative deviation of 89.4 PD collapsed to 1.4 PD, six months postoperatively. There were equal success rates when those with sensory strabismus were compared with those with binocular vision; preoperative deviation of 92.5 PD in the sensory group and 88.5 PD in the binocular group collapsed to 5.9 PD and 1 PD, respectively, six months after surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A viable alternative for treating extra-large-angle strabismus in adults and children in developing countries was described with good postoperative outcome. In addition, a new expanded surgical dosage table for muscle transplantation surgery corrections of up to 130 PD was developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 2","pages":"205-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated Customized Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Adult Cataract in Iran.","authors":"Zahra Karjou, Nazanin Behnaz, Mohammad Ali Javadi, Armin Shirvani, Hamideh Sabbaghi, Saeed Rahmani, Hossein Ziaei, Mohammad Reza Fallah Tafti, Sepehr Feizi, Seyed Javad Hashemian, Mohammad Reza Jafarinasab, Farid Karimian, Hossein Mohammad-Rabei, Mahmoodreza Panahi-Bazaz, Mohammad Reza Sedaghat, Shahin Yazdani, Zhale Rajavi","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.16428","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.16428","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 2","pages":"267-270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Brilliant and Trypan Blue As Vital Dyes for Chromovitrectomy.","authors":"Bruno Fortaleza de A Ferreira, Gustavo Sakuno, Juliana Mika Kato, Rodolfo Bonatti, Álvaro Fernandes Ferreira, Aloisio Fumio Nakashima, Yoshitaka Nakashima","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.7652","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.7652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brilliant blue 0.05% and trypan blue 0.1% were mixed in a proportion of 1:1 in a 1-mL syringe. This combination produced a waterfall effect with the fast sinking of the dye to the posterior pole and little diffusion through the vitreous cavity. Therefore, it can effectively stain the internal limiting membrane and the epiretinal membrane with a good contrast during surgeries for a macular hole, myopic foveoschisis, and macular pucker.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 2","pages":"264-266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whiplash Maculopathy Following Parachute Injury.","authors":"Parveen Sen, Harshit Vaidya","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.7442","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.7442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report subtle yet important macular changes following a whiplash injury.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report an unusual case of a healthy young male presenting with a three-month history of a drop in vision in both eyes following an accident while crash-landing from a parachute. There was no direct ocular injury. Fundus examination revealed a bilateral well-defined area of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) alterations over the macula with no other obvious retinal abnormality. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination revealed outer retinal layer defects with nearly intact inner retina.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the importance of fundus evaluation and reviewing patient's visual symptoms in otherwise inapparent ocular trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 2","pages":"260-263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oculoplastic Conditions in Covid-19 Patients: Case Series and Literature Review.","authors":"Camille Yvon, Bhupendra Patel, John Ng, Marcus T Altman, Raman Malhotra","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.10908","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.10908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate oculoplastic conditions in patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) seen at ophthalmology departments of three tertiary referral centers in the United Kingdom and the United States, and review of the literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective multicenter case series studied over 18 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of four patients developed eyelid, orbital, or lacrimal gland pathology within four weeks of testing positive for COVID-19. All were male, and the mean age at presentation was 49 (range, 31-58 years). Suspected diagnoses included anterior idiopathic orbital inflammation, facial angioedema, dacryoadenitis, and anophthalmic socket inflammation. Three patients recovered fully and one patient recovered partially (mean 2.7 weeks) from ocular manifestations with steroids hastening recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adnexal manifestations of COVID-19 include self-limiting orbital inflammation and eyelid lymphedema.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 2","pages":"235-245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Induced Myopia on the Vestibulo-ocular Reflex Evaluated by Ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential.","authors":"Mahdi Mazloom, Javad Heravian Shandiz, Sadegh Jafarzadeh, Jamshid Jamali, Hamed Momeni-Moghaddam","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.10910","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i2.10910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The possible effects of refractive errors on vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) has been a conflicting issue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of induced myopia on VOR using the ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (oVEMP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional quasi-experimental study, 35 emmetropic and normal subjects with the mean age of 23.89 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 3.93 (range, 20-40 years) without any ocular, nervous system, and vestibular disorders, underwent the oVEMP test in the comprehensive rehabilitation center of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The oVEMP was performed under five different conditions of testing binocularly, monocularly, and when myopia was induced with the use of spherical lenses of +1.00, +3.00, and +5.00 diopters, respectively. There were 2 to 5 min of rest with closed eyes after each condition to avoid adaptation, fatigue, and any other sources of bias. Mean latencies of oVEMP waves (N1 and P1) and amplitudes of N1-P1 complex were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference between the right and left sides (<i>P</i> <math><mo>></mo></math> 0.05). The induced myopia significantly increased the N1 and P1 latencies using lenses of +1.00, +3.00, and +5.00 diopters but the amplitudes of N1-P1 complex were not influenced by the different amounts of induced myopia. There was no significant difference among the different conditions of induced myopia either (<i>P</i> <math><mo>></mo></math> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Induced myopia could affect the VOR due to prolonging the latencies of oVEMP waves. However, the amplitudes were not affected and the effects of multiple degrees of induced myopia were not significantly different.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 2","pages":"219-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Repeatability of Axial Length Measurements Using a Scheimpflug-based System.","authors":"Sara Sardari, Mehdi Khabazkhoob, Ebrahim Jafarzadehpur, Akbar Fotouhi","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v18i4.14551","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v18i4.14551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the repeatability of Pentacam AXL as a Scheimpflug-based system or measuring axial length according to the age, sex, lens type, axial length value, and type of cataract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was conducted using multistage cluster sampling in Tehran, Iran. Ocular biometry was performed, using the Pentacam AXL, by an experienced optometrist on all the participants. The axial length (AL) measurements were taken thrice, with a gap of 10 minutes. To evaluate the repeatability, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the repeatability coefficient (RC) were calculated. To determine the significant difference in the repeatability index among study variables, the tolerance index (TI) was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this report, 897 eyes of 677 individuals aged between 20 and 91 years (mean <math><mo>±</mo></math> SD: 64.90 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 13.62 years) were reported. The ICC of the axial length measurements was 0.981 for all cases. Based on the within-subject standard deviation, the RC was 0.401. The ICC was 0.976 and 0.985 in men and women, respectively. The TI showed better RC of measurements among females. The ICC decreased from 0.999 in participants under 40 years to 0.973 in individuals over 60 years of age. The TI showed a decrease in RC with advancing age. The RC was worse in eyes with nuclear cataracts; the RC was also worse in the first quartile of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) compared to the other SNR quartiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Scheimpflug-based systemPentacam AXL had high repeatability in measuring axial length. Some variables such as male gender, older age, and nuclear cataract were associated with reduced repeatability of the measurements. A higher SNR was associated with better repeatability of the axial length measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"18 4","pages":"396-404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10794809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139512982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of COVID-19 on Ophthalmology Practice: Changes and Controversies in Endophthalmitis Risk.","authors":"Mohammad Riazi","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v18i3.13771","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v18i3.13771","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"18 3","pages":"249-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10432926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10106043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}