Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine最新文献

{"title":"Cardiac output during flow-titrated high-flow nasal cannula support in a neonatal porcine model.","authors":"Cory Templeton, Yosef Levenbrown, Anne M Hesek, James P Keith, Lynell S Jones, Kelly E Massa, Marina Watson, Md Jobayer Hossain, Thomas H Shaffer","doi":"10.1177/19345798251363449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19345798251363449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundNeonates are more susceptible to acute respiratory failure than older children. It is unknown to what extent high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) alters intrathoracic pressure (ITP), potentially decreasing cardiac output (CO) due to cardiopulmonary interactions. This study evaluated the impact of flow titration on tracheal pressure (a surrogate for ITP) and CO via HFNC in an established porcine model of neonatal respiratory failure. Unlike prior research, this study examines both ITP and CO demonstrating that although the ITP increased with higher HFNC flows, CO did not decrease.MethodsTwenty-three neonatal Landrace-Yorkshire pigs (2-4 kg) were anesthetized, and monitoring lines were placed. Baseline vital signs, CO, mean intratracheal pressure (Ptr), and PaO₂ were measured. CO was assessed via computerized COstatus cardiac system. Lung injury was induced using oleic acid (0.08 mL/kg), resulting in ≤50% reduction in preinjury PaO₂ on 1 L/min oxygen. After injury, in random order, pigs received HFNC flows of 1, 2, and 3 L/kg/min at 100% FiO₂ for 30 min each. Measurements were repeated, and data were analyzed via mixed-effects repeated measures ANOVA.ResultsAfter OA injury, PaO₂ significantly decreased (414 to 125 mmHg; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Mean Ptr and PaO₂ increased significantly (<i>p</i> < .001) with increasing HFNC flow rates. CO showed no significant changes; thus, no correlation between CO with Ptr and/or HFNC flow levels was demonstrated.ConclusionsIn neonatal respiratory distress, higher HFNC flows improved oxygenation without negatively impacting CO in this neonatal porcine lung injury model, despite increasing intra-thoracic pressure (1-3 L/min/kg).</p>","PeriodicalId":16537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine","volume":" ","pages":"19345798251363449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracic fluid content by electric cardiometry versus lung ultrasound in preterm neonates with respiratory distress: A prospective study.","authors":"Maha Hassan Mohamed, Basma Mohamed Shehata, Nesmahar Tarek Azaam, Mohamed Mahmoud Khalifa, Ahmed Ashraf Okba, Hebatallah Ali Shaaban","doi":"10.1177/19345798251365199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19345798251365199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundRespiratory distress (RD) is a major cause of admission to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), highlighting the need for prompt and accurate assessment. Lung ultrasound (LUS) has emerged as a rapid, non-invasive, radiation-free tool with superior sensitivity to chest X-ray. Thoracic Fluid Content (TFC), measured via electrical cardiometry, may serve as a complementary parameter by reflecting pulmonary fluid load. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the predictive accuracy of TFC and LUS in determining the need for surfactant therapy or initiation of positive pressure ventilation in preterm neonates with respiratory distress.Patients and MethodsIn this prospective observational cohort study, 70 preterm neonates with RD were enrolled between April 2022 and April 2024 in the NICU of Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. LUS and TFC were measured on day 1 and day 3 of life. Clinical outcomes, including surfactant need and escalation of ventilation, were recorded.ResultsAn LUS score >5 strongly predicted surfactant need, showing 88.89% sensitivity and 86.05% specificity (AUC: 0.941; PPV: 80%; NPV: 92.5%). TFC values were higher in neonates who received surfactant, though not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.053). A significant positive correlation was observed between TFC and LUS scores (r = 0.311, <i>p</i> = 0.009).ConclusionLUS is a reliable predictor of surfactant need and respiratory support in preterm neonates with RD. While TFC correlates with LUS in assessing pulmonary fluid status, it alone did not independently predict clinical intervention requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":16537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine","volume":" ","pages":"19345798251365199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144784481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of volume guarantee-high frequency oscillatory ventilation on cerebral blood flow in preterm neonates.","authors":"Nehal Mohamed El-Raggal, Soha Mohamed Khafagy, Nivan Taha Ahmed, Mohamed Abdullah Moussa, Arwa Hamdy Al Sharabasy","doi":"10.1177/19345798251363451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19345798251363451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPreterm neonates with respiratory distress often require advanced ventilation strategies to prevent respiratory failure. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) with volume guarantee (VG) can be utilized as a lung-protective modality that reduces ventilation induced lung injury. However, its effect on cerebral hemodynamics remains unclear. Our study aimed to compare the impacts of HFOV-VG versus HFOV alone on cerebral blood flow velocity among preterm neonates with respiratory failure.MethodsIn this pilot randomized controlled trial, 60 premature newborns (gestational age of 35 weeks or less) with respiratory distress who failed on conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) were randomized to receive either HFOV or HFOV-VG as rescue respiratory therapy. Doppler cerebral blood flow velocity measurements, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) incidence, carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels, and oxygen requirements were assessed at baseline, after 24 hours, and after 3 days of ventilation.ResultsThere were no significant differences in cerebral blood flow velocity measurements or IVH incidence between the two groups across all time points (<i>p</i> > 0.05). However, HFOV-VG demonstrated lower fluctuations in tidal volume, fewer out-of-target CO₂ episodes, and reduced oxygen requirements compared to HFOV alone.ConclusionHFOV-VG and HFOV alone showed comparable effects on cerebral blood flow and IVH incidence in premature neonates. HFOV-VG may offer additional advantages in maintaining stable ventilation parameters and minimizing CO₂ fluctuations, potentially reducing the risk of lung injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":16537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine","volume":" ","pages":"19345798251363451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144784480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated pneumopericardium in a preterm neonate with respiratory distress syndrome: A case report.","authors":"Sofie Denis, Antonius Mulder","doi":"10.1177/19345798251361924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19345798251361924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonatal pneumopericardium is a rare neonatal air leak syndrome often associated with mechanical ventilation and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). It occurs when alveolar rupture permits air to enter the pericardial sac. Although it can lead to severe complications such as cardiac tamponade, some cases remain hemodynamically stable and resolve spontaneously without invasive intervention. We report a premature infant (31 + 5 weeks gestation) with RDS who developed an isolated pneumopericardium, presenting with sudden respiratory deterioration but no hemodynamic instability. Diagnosis was confirmed radiographically, and the condition resolved with conservative management, including ventilatory adjustments. This report highlights the importance of early recognition and tailored respiratory management to mitigate the complications of pneumopericardium, while emphasizing areas for future research on optimal ventilatory strategies and non-invasive surfactant delivery techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":16537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine","volume":" ","pages":"19345798251361924"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of glycemic variability in the development of treatment-requiring retinopathy of prematurity.","authors":"Radhika Maddali, C Zhang, U Mian, M Kim, T Havranek","doi":"10.1177/19345798251359897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19345798251359897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundGlycemic variability is a common complication affecting very preterm infants. Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia have been associated with increased neonatal morbidities, including retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). However, it remains unclear whether glycemic variability contributes to a higher risk of ROP. Our study investigated the relationship between glycemic variability and severe, treatment-requiring ROP in preterm infants during the first 28 days of life.MethodsA retrospective case-control study was conducted on infants with a birthweight ≤1500 g and/or gestational age ≤30 weeks. Cases included infants with severe ROP requiring treatment (<i>n</i> = 31) and were matched to controls with no ROP or ROP not requiring treatment (<i>n</i> = 62) in a 1:2 ratio. Glycemic variability was quantified as the standard deviation of mean glucose levels. Statistical analysis included t-tests, chi-squared, and Fisher's tests, with logistic regression models to adjust for confounders.ResultsDemographics and clinical variables were similar in cases and controls except for ethnicity and PDA. The mean glucose concentration was 130.74 mg/dl (±39.98) in the treatment group and 121.26 mg/dl (±47.44) in controls (<i>p</i> = 0.32). The number of hypo and hyperglycemic episodes was not significantly different between the two groups. Glycemic variability was also similar in cases and controls (mean SD = 36.01 vs 33.45, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.31). After adjusting for confounders, no association was found between glycemic variability and ROP treatment.ConclusionOur study did not identify a significant association between glycemic variability and the development of severe, treatment-requiring ROP.</p>","PeriodicalId":16537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine","volume":" ","pages":"19345798251359897"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144618632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DCC-ET-Caesar: Feasibility and safety of delayed cord clamping with ex-utero transfusion in elective caesarean deliveries - A pilot study.","authors":"Nireesha Bukke, Mishu Mangla, Sivam Thanigainathan, Anusha Devalla, Naina Kumar, Annapurna Srirambhatla, Nabnita Patnaik","doi":"10.1177/19345798251360768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19345798251360768","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;BackgroundDelayed cord clamping (DCC) and placental transfusion techniques have been associated with improved neonatal outcomes, including enhanced haemodynamic stability and increased haemoglobin levels. Physiological cord clamping (PCC) also ensures a smoother cardiovascular transition at birth by maintaining placental circulation until the neonate establishes independent respiration. However, the optimal timing for clamping in cases of delayed cord clamping remains unclear. This pilot study aims to evaluate the feasibility and safety of delayed cord clamping with ex-utero transfusion (DCC-ET), after Doppler-confirmed cessation of umbilical blood flow in elective caesarean deliveries.MethodsA prospective, single-arm pilot feasibility study was conducted on women undergoing elective caesarean sections at term. The DCC technique used in this study, delayed cord clamping with ex-utero transfusion (DCC-ET), is a modification of the methods previously described in literature. Following delivery, the uterine incision was inspected, and bleeding points were secured without urgency to clamp the cord. The placenta was allowed to separate spontaneously and was removed with controlled cord traction. The newborn remained attached to the placenta, which was elevated approximately 30 cm above the baby to facilitate ex-utero transfusion. Cord clamping was performed only after complete cessation of umbilical blood flow, confirmed by Doppler assessment at a fixed point 10 cm from the cord insertion. Maternal-neonatal outcomes, including Apgar scores, haemoglobin levels, neonatal intensive care unit admissions, maternal blood loss, and any adverse events, were recorded.ResultsA total of 40 women were included. The DCC-ET procedure was successfully completed in all cases. The mean time to umbilical cord blood flow cessation, and umbilical cord clamping was 6.60 ± 1.91 minutes post-delivery. Compared to the 1-minute DCC group, maternal blood loss was significantly lower, and postoperative haemoglobin drop was less in the DCC-ET group. Residual placental blood volume was markedly reduced (11.40 ± 2.56 mL vs 45.91 ± 13.01 mL; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001). Neonatal haematocrit at 48-72 hours was significantly higher in the DCC-ET group (61.25 ± 2.39% vs 55.81 ± 5.41%; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), with no increase in neonatal hypothermia or adverse outcomes. Cord separation occurred earlier in the DCC-ET group. Apgar scores and phototherapy requirements were comparable between groups. No significant postpartum haemorrhage or maternal complications were observed.ConclusionThe present pilot study demonstrates that DCC-ET is a feasible and safe procedure during elective caesarean deliveries. The protocol was successfully implemented in the majority of cases, with no increase in maternal or neonatal complications and acceptable integration into routine clinical practice. Doppler assessment of umbilical blood flow provided a practical method to individualize cord clamping timing, althoug","PeriodicalId":16537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine","volume":" ","pages":"19345798251360768"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144618631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the appropriate intravitreal ranibizumab dose for retinopathy of prematurity: A systematic review.","authors":"S Salsabila, S A Nabilah, J Jutamulia","doi":"10.1177/19345798251353790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19345798251353790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundDespite the use of laser therapy as the current treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), the administration of ranibizumab is recognized as a promising alternative treatment for ROP despite the current use of laser therapy. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to systematically analyze the effectiveness of different ranibizumab dosage.MethodsA literature search of PubMed, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect was conducted for studies including infants with ROP, using intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (IVR) as primary monotherapy, and reporting ROP regression and recurrence. All studies were required to be written in English-language and published in the last ten years. The selection process followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.ResultsA total of ten studies were reviewed, including three randomized controlled trials, five retrospectives, and two case series. Furthermore, 549 patients and 867 eyes in the treatment group were evaluated, examining various stages of ROP and different therapeutic methods. All studies reported ROP regression, ranging from 68.9% to 100%, while 80% reported ROP recurrence following IVR.ConclusionIntravitreal injections of ranibizumab were effective in improving ROP outcomes. Meanwhile, lower doses of IVR provided comparable therapeutic benefits to the higher dose, potentially with fewer side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":16537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine","volume":" ","pages":"19345798251353790"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing neonatal outcomes of positive- versus negative-pressure extubation: A randomized trial.","authors":"S Nourolahi, P Solimani, A Direkvand-Moghadam","doi":"10.1177/19345798251330807","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19345798251330807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundNeonatal respiratory distress is a major issue for many infants. When non-invasive ventilation fails, endotracheal intubation is often used to secure the airway. However, extubation moving from mechanical ventilation to spontaneous breathing also has its challenges and risks.ObjectiveThis randomized controlled trial aimed to compare neonatal outcomes between positive- and negative-pressure extubation methods in a cohort of neonates ready for extubation.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial was conducted at Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital in Ilam, Iran, from May 2021 to March 2023; the study enrolled 101 neonates, who were divided into three groups: positive pressure, negative pressure, and self-extubation. Neonates with congenital respiratory defects, meconium aspiration, and bacterial pneumonia were excluded from the study. The primary outcomes assessed included the duration of intubation, need for oxygen post-extubation, and length of hospitalization. Statistical analysis was performed using the independent-samples Kruskal-Wallis test, with a significance level set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.ResultsNo statistically significant differences were found in the duration of intubation (<i>p</i> = 0.436), need for oxygen after extubation (<i>p</i> = 0.785), and length of hospitalization (<i>p</i> = 0.357) among the groups. There was a significant difference in the duration of intubation, need for oxygen after extubation, and length of hospital stay based on gestational age at birth (<i>p</i> = 0.000). However, there was no significant correlation between age at birth and re-intubation (<i>p</i> = 0.297).ConclusionThere are no significant differences in key outcomes like intubation duration, post-extubation oxygen needs, and hospitalization length, suggesting that the choice of extubation method may not greatly affect these factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":16537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine","volume":" ","pages":"304-311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The comparison of placental findings and pregnancy outcomes before and during COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Helen Y How, Mureena A Turnquest-Wells, Michael W Daniels, Christina L Waldon","doi":"10.1177/19345798251330831","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19345798251330831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe impact of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnancy outcomes is unclear, but evidence suggests increased perinatal loss due to placental damage and fetal oxygen deprivation.ObjectiveThis study compared placental findings and fetal outcomes between pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 periods to assess the association between COVID-19 and abnormal placental pathology and fetal complications. It was hypothesized that COVID-19-positive pregnancies would have higher rates of intrauterine fetal demise and fetal growth restriction due to virus-induced placental injury.Study DesignA retrospective analysis of 34,102 deliveries compared placental and fetal outcomes across two periods: pre-COVID-19 (April 1, 2018-September 30, 2019) and COVID-19 (April 1, 2020-September 30, 2021), with a washout period in between. Placental abnormalities (chorangiosis, chorioamnionitis, and villitis) and fetal outcomes (fetal growth restriction and intrauterine fetal demise) were analyzed using chi-squared tests with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThe COVID-19 period showed a significant increase in placental findings: chorangiosis, chorioamnionitis, villitis, and fetal growth restriction. Placentas from COVID-19-positive mothers had higher rates of these findings, though the increase in fetal growth restriction was not statistically significant. Intrauterine fetal demise rates were higher in COVID-19-negative pregnancies but did not differ between periods.ConclusionRoutine antenatal fetal testing for COVID-19 positivity alone is not warranted. We agree a follow-up fetal growth ultrasound 4 weeks post-infection is advisable per Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine guidelines. The role of maternal comorbidities in chorangiosis remains unclear, warranting further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine","volume":" ","pages":"338-343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To retrospectively study the use of antibiotics among neonates with a gestational age of ≥ 35 weeks experiencing respiratory distress, and to identify the risk factors associated with antibiotic use.","authors":"Sarfrazul Abedin, Khalil Mohd Khalil Salameh, Lina Hussain M Habboub, Sajid Thyvilayil Salim, Samer Mahmoud Alhoyed, Brijroy Viswanathan, Rajai Rofail Raja Al-Bedaywi, Hoda Eljelani Rahoma, Esam Mohamed Elhadi Elhaji, Anvar Paraparambil Vellamgot","doi":"10.1177/19345798251339652","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19345798251339652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundRespiratory distress is a common reason for NICU admission among late preterm and term neonates. Antibiotic use is prevalent among these neonates requiring respiratory support. This study investigates antibiotic use and its associated risk factors.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted at Al Wakra Hospital, Qatar, from January to December 2022. Neonates born at 35 weeks gestation or more, admitted to the NICU with respiratory distress, and requiring respiratory support were included based on specific criteria.ResultsOf the 1194 neonates admitted to the NICU, 1062 were 35 weeks or more gestational age. Among these, 485 neonates developed respiratory distress requiring respiratory support, with 442 included in the final analysis. Antibiotics were used in 56.1% (248/442) of cases. Factors such as maternal age, parity, rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis, group B streptococci, antenatal prophylactic antibiotics, mode of delivery, sex, fetal distress, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, need for resuscitation, Apgar score ≤7 at 5 minutes, age at NICU admission, duration of NICU admission, maximum respiratory support, and duration of respiratory support were significantly associated with antibiotic use. Regression analysis identified parity, gestational age, sex, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and duration of respiratory support as significant predictors of antibiotic use.ConclusionsRespiratory distress leads to frequent NICU admissions among late preterm and term neonates, with 56.1% receiving antibiotics. To mitigate potential harm from antibiotic exposure, strategies to reduce use without increasing neonatal sepsis risk are essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":16537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine","volume":" ","pages":"377-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}