Journal of neurosurgical sciences最新文献

{"title":"Association between the morphological features of the central sulcus and the somatomotory representation: anatomo-functional evaluation of neuroplasticity through nTMS.","authors":"Augusto Leone, Francesco Tomaiuolo, Giovanni Raffa, Antonino F Germanò, Francesco Carbone, Antonio Colamaria, Giada Cangemi","doi":"10.23736/S0390-5616.22.05857-X","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S0390-5616.22.05857-X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) has emerged as a useful tool for the preoperative mapping of brain cortical areas surrounding neoplastic tissues allowing for maximal safe tumor resection and minimizing new postoperative permanent neurological deficits. Three patients presenting with an intrinsic brain tumor (one metastasis from mammary carcinoma, one high-grade glioma, and one low-grade glioma) located within or in close relationship to the central sulcus were enrolled for this study. The MRI-based morphological and nTMS mapping of the central sulcus of the intact hemisphere was complemented by the examination of the contralateral region harboring the lesion. The findings were independently compared, in search of evidence of tumor-induced neuroplasticity and/or signs of parenchymal dislocation/infiltration caused by the tumor. An individual description of each mapping session is provided. Significant discrepancies were observed between morphological MRI and functional nTMS mapping in two patients, demonstrating a tumor-induced shift of distinct cortical areas controlling hand and/or facial movements. In the cases of gliomas, a lower MT was detected in the lesioned hemisphere, possibly due to increased electrical excitability caused by the tumor itself. The integration of MRI-based morphological mapping of the central sulcus with the detection of its somatomotor representations through nTMS can assist neurosurgeons when planning the resection of a motor-eloquent tumor, stratifying the risks of secondary neurological deficits. The combination of the two preoperative techniques is able to disclose tumor-induced neural plasticity subsequently guiding a more precise resection.</p>","PeriodicalId":16504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10597976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Western giants of the neuroanatomical past: an ode to yesterday. Part II.","authors":"S. Sreenivasan, Kaustav Chattopadhyay, Michael S. Rallo, Arevik Abramyan, S. Sundararajan, S. Roychowdhury, Anil Nanda, Gaurav Gupta","doi":"10.23736/S0390-5616.24.06224-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23736/S0390-5616.24.06224-6","url":null,"abstract":"\"The history of the world is the biography of the great man. And I said: the great man always acts like a thunder. He storms the skies, while others are waiting to be stormed,\" said Thomas Carlyle. In this historical vignette, we study the contribution to neuroanatomy, of greats from the past. What led them to find the basis of topography and anatomical localization? How did they unravel the pathways of cerebrospinal fluid and cortical structure of the human brain? To understand this, we study the paths of Pierre Paul Broca, Richard L. Heschl, Hubert von Luschka, Carl Wernicke, Hans Chiari, Ludwig Edinger, and Carl Westphal, Korbinian Brodmann, and Walter Dandy.","PeriodicalId":16504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140796071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary study of the consciousness-promotion mechanism of electroacupuncture in comatose patients with diffuse axonal injuries.","authors":"Weichuan Dai, Xieli Guo, Wenhua Cai, Yanfei Zheng, Yingxian Chen, Yuyan Zhu, Xiayang Tian","doi":"10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05236-X","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05236-X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) accounts for 30-40% of total neurotrauma cases, and the majority among them manifest with consciousness disturbance. At present, the understanding of the treatment of coma and awakening in patients with DAIs is still limited. This study is characterized by the use of electroacupuncture along with conventional Western medicine to promote consciousness more effectively in comatose patients with DAIs, shorten their time spent in a coma, and gain time for more favorable treatments during follow-up rehabilitation in order to improve the cure rate, reduce the morbidity rate, and achieve better therapeutic effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized controlled study, 145 comatose patients with DAIs (type III) were divided into the treatment group (N.=71) and control group (N.=74). The patients in the control group were treated with conventional Western medicine, while those in the treatment group were treated with both electroacupuncture and conventional treatment. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and consciousness-promotion rates of both groups were observed before treatment as well as 10, 20, and 30 days after treatment. Meanwhile, serum acetylcholinesterase E (AchE) concentrations in both groups were measured with ELISA, while AchE activity was determined with the rate method. Correlations between GCS score, AchE concentration, and AchE activity in the treatment group were analyzed by using the stepwise multiple regression method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The GCS scores in the treatment group showed significant increases after the first, second, and third courses of treatment when compared to the pre-treatment scores (P<0.05). After 1 course of treatment, the GCS scores in the control group were not statistically significantly different compared to the pre-treatment scores (P>0.05), whereas after 2 and 3 courses of treatment, the differences were of greater statistical significance (P<0.05). Statistically significant differences between the two groups were found in GCS scores in the same course of treatment (P<0.05). The consciousness-promotion rates between the two groups after the same treatment course were statistically significantly different (P<0.05). Both the standardized regression coefficients and partial correlation coefficients showed that AchE concentration had a certain influence on GCS score (|Beta|=0.3601; r <inf>Y2.1</inf>=0.726).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Conventional Western medicine combined with electroacupuncture treatment may promote the consciousness of patients with DAIs and shorten the amount of time they spend comatose. Furthermore, the neurotransmitter AchE may play a role in the pathophysiological mechanism of consciousness promotion.</p>","PeriodicalId":16504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25468349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sporadic multiple cerebral arteriovenous malformations: case report and systematic review of additional 80 cases.","authors":"Artem Stanishevskiy, Konstantin Babichev, Dmitriy Svistov, Alexander Savello","doi":"10.23736/S0390-5616.23.06028-9","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S0390-5616.23.06028-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In absence of hereditary diseases multiple brain arteriovenous malformations are extremely rare. The case series that would include more than 13 patients are unlikely to be found, which causes an obstacle to comprehensively analyzing the peculiarities of epidemiology, symptoms and treatment options for this disorder. We describe patent with two independent arteriovenous malformations in frontal and parietal lobes that have been treated with combination of preoperative embolization, surgical excision and stereotactic radiosurgery. Systematic review of literature was also performed, focusing on epidemiology of sporadic multiple arteriovenous malformations, niduses location, clinical presentation, treatment and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>We systematically analyzed relevant literature using the PubMed database, encompassing studies in English (published between 1956 and 2023) reporting incidence, epidemiological features, symptomatology and treatment of sporadic multiple brain arteriovenous malformations.</p><p><strong>Evidence synthesis: </strong>Forty-eight studies with a total of 80 sporadic multiple cerebral arteriovenous malformations were extracted from the literature. Twenty-two papers reported incidence of multiple brain arteriovenous malformations. The average incidence (including our data) was 2.4%, varying significantly between children and adults. Hemorrhage from one AVM was the most frequent debut of multiple cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Surgical removal of niduses remains a valuable treatment option even considering the enhancement of embolization techniques and the development of radiosurgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sporadic multiple cerebral arteriovenous malformations represent a difficult problem to solve. The possibility of persistence of multiple brain arteriovenous malformations should be taken into account when diagnosing and following-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":16504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9467725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of nuclide accumulation spread based on the volume of enhancing magnetic resonance imaging lesion in glioblastoma patients.","authors":"Noriyuki Nakayama, Tetsuya Yamada, Hirohito Yano, Hiroaki Takei, Naoyuki Ohe, Kazuhiro Miwa, Jun Shinoda, Toru Iwama","doi":"10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05353-4","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05353-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>11C-methionine-PET (MET) and Thallium-201 chloride-SPECT (TL) are useful for predictive proliferation ability and tumor invasion range identification in glioma patients, however they are not always possible in any hospital or country. Our study aimed to assess whether the range of MET and Tl accumulation could be predicted from the contrast-enhanced lesions in Gadolinium (Gd)-T1 weighted magnetic resonance image in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 25 cases, the MET-area, TL-area, O-area where MET and TL overlap, and all accumulation area (AA-area) were measured in the same axial cross section as the Gd enhanced maximum area (Gd-area). This tracing operation was repeated with all axial fusion slices, and each volume was also measured (Gd-V, MET-V, TL-V, O-V, AA-V).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The maximum accumulation distance of MET and TL beyond the Gd-area was limited to within 30 mm, 35 mm, respectively. Significant positive correlations were showed in all combinations with Gd-area: MET-area (r=0.851, P<0.0001), TL-area (r=0.955, P<0.0001), O-area (r=0.935, P<0.0001) and AA-area (r=0.893, P<0.0001), respectively. All combinations with Gd-V showed significant positive correlation: MET-V (r=0.867, P<0.0001), TL-V (r=0.952, P<0.0001), O-V (r=0.935, P<0.0001) and AA-V (r=0.897, P<0.0001), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Approximate tumor volume Gd-V can be calculated using the formula A * B * C / 2, where A, B, and C represent the dimensions of Gd-enhanced lesion in 3 axes perpendicular to each other. The nuclide accumulation predictive table created using the obtained linear approximation functions can be used to predict the average tumor invasion range from the Gd-V without preoperative nuclear examinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39516692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting Galen: enduring contributions from ancient times towards modern neurosurgery.","authors":"Jakov Tiefenbach, Andreas K Demetriades","doi":"10.23736/S0390-5616.22.05821-0","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S0390-5616.22.05821-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This historical vignette aims to reflect on the life of Claudius Galen and critically discuss his contributions towards modern neurosurgical practice; specifically, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, and cranial trepanation. Born in 129 AD in the Greek city of Pergamon, Galen dedicated his early life to the study of medicine and established himself as one of the foremost physicians of the time. Through vivisections of Barbary apes, he was one of the first to provide a detailed description of cranial nerves, the ventricular system of the brain, and various deep brain structures. He made an important distinction between motor and sensory nerves and mapped out the fundamental arrangement of neuronal fibers within the spinal cord. However, his fundamental understanding of neurophysiology, as well as cerebral blood circulation, was largely flawed as it was based on speculation of inter-species comparative anatomy. On the technical side, he made a modest contribution to the practice of cranial trepanation and his writings helped establish the technique as an essential component of a surgeon's armamentarium. His work in the fields relevant to modern neurosurgery, although imperfect with the benefit of hindsight, laid the important foundation for much of the progress of neurosurgical practice in the Renaissance and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":16504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40408786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of cochlear-enhancement imaging to predict hearing preservation following vestibular schwannoma removal.","authors":"Woo-Hyun Kim, Hun H Park, Sung J Ahn, Mina Park, Chang K Hong","doi":"10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05395-9","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05395-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hearing preservation is challenging for patients after the removal of large vestibular schwannomas (VSs). Here, using preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, we investigated the significance of cochlear enhancement (CE) for predicting postoperative hearing preservation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January 2014 and December 2019, 34 VS-patients with serviceable hearing underwent tumor-removal surgery using a retrosigmoid approach. The presence or absence of CE using both T2-weighted and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted MR images was assessed in VS patients using the pixel-analysis method. Segmented volumetric analyses were also performed using GrowCut 3D slicer software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 17 patients (50%) without CE and 17 (50%) with CE. Ten of the 17 non-CE patients (58.8%) had postoperative hearing preservation. In contrast, only 3 of the 17 patients with CE (17.6%) had postoperative hearing preservation. There were no significant tumor-characteristic differences between the two groups. The presence of CE on both the T2-weighted and the gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted MR images correlated significantly with postoperative hearing outcomes (P=0.032). Only pure-tone averages were significantly different between the two groups (P=0.049).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preoperative serviceable hearing is likely to be preserved after surgery in non-CE VS patients. Preoperative CE assessment using MR imaging may be a useful predictor for postoperative hearing outcomes in VS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38943715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the extent of soft tissue dissection and location of screws in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion impact the development of the adjacent segment degeneration? A prospective short-term radiological analysis.","authors":"Mudumba Vijaya Saradhi, Kode Sashanka, Rajesh Alugolu","doi":"10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05458-8","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05458-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical degenerative disc disease is a common condition in neurosurgical practice. Elimination of a motion segment through fusion causes the load shift to the adjacent levels leading to disc degeneration. Our hypothesis is that by avoiding excessive dissection of the prevertebral soft tissue and placing anchoring screws away the adjacent endplate, we can reduce the load bearing and degeneration rate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective randomized control study. The study included 30 consecutive cases requiring single level ACDF, 15 each in conservative and minimal dissection group. MRI evidence of disc degeneration was assessed according to Matsumoto MRI grading system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant role of age on ASD was noted (P=0.26). ASD was worse in females than males especially at the inferior level (P=0.035). ASD was noted to be higher when the patients were operated at C5-6 level (P=0.026). The reduction in VAS was 5.933 in the minimal dissection group which was significantly better than the conventional surgery group (5.14) (P=0.023). The increase in degeneration score was 0.97 and 0.6 at superior and inferior levels, respectively, in the conventional group and 0.13 and 0.34 in minimal dissection group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The minimal soft tissue dissection for single level ACDF with PEEK cage placement appears to have reducing rate of ASD compared to conventional ACDF. Minimal soft tissue dissection has better postoperative VAS scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":16504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39272051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic endonasal obliteration of the frontal recess and anterior skull base.","authors":"I. Peto, Bailin Alexander, Paul Krafft, Harry van Loveren, S. Agazzi, Fernando L. Vale, M. Tabor","doi":"10.23736/S0390-5616.24.06202-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23736/S0390-5616.24.06202-7","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Although endoscopic techniques have become more widespread in repair of frontal sinus (FS) defects, certain pathologies still require open approach (extensive trauma or tumors). Under certain circumstances even multiple complex open reconstructive procedures might fail to resolve persistent pneumocephalus or CSF leak and subsequently surgeons tend to escalate the invasiveness and employ even more complex and aggressive approaches. We present our experience treating persistent pneumocephalus or CSF leak after previously failed transcranial reconstruction utilizing an endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA).\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We retrospectively reviewed a prospectively maintained database of all patients undergoing an EEA for repair of persistent pneumocephalus or CSF leak following FS cranialization between 2016 and 2020.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Six patients who underwent cranialization of the FS with subsequent persistent pneumocephalus or CSF leak were identified; two patients suffered a traumatic fracture of the FS, remaining four patients had undergone previous cranial surgery. Clear violation of the FS was not recognized in one patient. All patients underwent cranialization of the FS either directly following initial craniotomy or during open repair of a FS fracture. Two patients underwent multiple transcranial surgeries including using vascularized free tissue transfer. Complete cessation of pneumocephalus/CSF leak was achieved in 83.3% (5/6) after the first and 100% (6/6) after two endoscopic procedures. No morbidity or mortality resulted from the endoscopic procedure.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Skull base defects following a failed cranialization of FS are usually located in or in close proximity to the frontal recess. These defects can be safely and effectively repaired via an EEA.","PeriodicalId":16504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140787022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gliomagenesis is orchestrated by the Oct3/4 regulatory network.","authors":"Tatyana N Ignatova, Hersh J Chaitin, Nickolay V Kukekov, Oleg N Suslov, Galina I Dulatova, Khalid A Hanafy, Frank D Vrionis","doi":"10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05437-0","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05437-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal brain tumor characterized by developmental hierarchical phenotypic heterogeneity, therapy resistance and recurrent growth. Neural stem cells (NSCs) from human central nervous system (CNS), and glioblastoma stem cells from patient-derived GBM (pdGSC) samples were cultured in both 2D well-plate and 3D monoclonal neurosphere culture system (pdMNCS). The pdMNCS model shows promise to establish a relevant 3D-tumor environment that maintains GBM cells in the stem cell phase within suspended neurospheres.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing the pdMNCS, we examined GBM cell-lines for a wide spectrum of developmental cancer stem cell markers, including the early blastocyst inner-cell mass (ICM)-specific Nanog, Oct3/4,B, and CD133.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed that MNCS epigenotype is recapitulated using gliomasphere-derived cells. CD133, the marker of GSC is robustly expressed in 3D-gliomaspheres and localized within the plasma membrane compartment. Conversely, gliomasphere cultures grown in conventional 2D culture quickly lost CD133 expression, indicating its variable expression is dependent on cell-culture conditions. Incomplete differentiation of cytoskeleton microtubules and intermediate filaments (IFs) of patient derived cells, similar to commercially available GBM cell lines, was seen. Subsequently, in order to determine whether Oct3/4 it was necessary for CD133 expression and cancer stemness, we transfected 2D and 3D culture with siRNA against Oct3/4 and found a significant reduction in gliomasphere formation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that expression of Oct3/4,A- and CD133 suppress differentiation of GSCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39272048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}