Journal of Neuroscience Research最新文献_第7页

Parkinsonism originates in a discrete secondary and dystonia in a primary motor cortical-basal ganglia subcircuit 帕金森氏症源于离散的次级运动皮质，肌张力障碍源于初级运动皮质-基底节亚回路

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25328

Deepak Kumbhare, George Weistroffer, Sofia Goyanaga, Zi Ling Huang, Jacob Blagg, Mark S. Baron

{"title":"Parkinsonism originates in a discrete secondary and dystonia in a primary motor cortical-basal ganglia subcircuit","authors":"Deepak Kumbhare, George Weistroffer, Sofia Goyanaga, Zi Ling Huang, Jacob Blagg, Mark S. Baron","doi":"10.1002/jnr.25328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.25328","url":null,"abstract":"Although manifesting contrasting phenotypes, Parkinson's disease and dystonia, the two most common movement disorders, can originate from similar pathophysiology. Previously, we demonstrated that lesioning (silencing) of a discrete dorsal region in the globus pallidus (rodent equivalent to globus pallidus externa) in rats and produced parkinsonism, while lesioning a nearby ventral hotspot-induced dystonia. Presently, we injected fluorescent-tagged multi-synaptic tracers into these pallidal hotspots (n = 36 Long Evans rats) and permitted 4 days for the viruses to travel along restricted connecting pathways and reach the motor cortex before sacrificing the animals. Viral injections in the Parkinson's hotspot fluorescent labeled a circumscribed region in the secondary motor cortex, while injections in the dystonia hotspot labeled within the primary motor cortex. Custom probability mapping and N200 staining affirmed the segregation of the cortical territories for Parkinsonism and dystonia to the secondary and primary motor cortices. Intracortical microstimulation localized territories specifically to their respective rostral and caudal microexcitable zones. Parkinsonian features are thus explained by pathological signaling within a secondary motor subcircuit normally responsible for initiation and scaling of movement, while dystonia is explained by abnormal (and excessive) basal ganglia signaling directed at primary motor corticospinal transmission.","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"102 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jnr.25328","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140633829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuronal mechanisms regulating locomotion in adult Drosophila 调节成年果蝇运动的神经元机制

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25332

Swetha B. M. Gowda, Ayesha Banu, Sadam Hussain, Farhan Mohammad

{"title":"Neuronal mechanisms regulating locomotion in adult Drosophila","authors":"Swetha B. M. Gowda, Ayesha Banu, Sadam Hussain, Farhan Mohammad","doi":"10.1002/jnr.25332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.25332","url":null,"abstract":"The coordinated action of multiple leg joints and muscles is required even for the simplest movements. Understanding the neuronal circuits and mechanisms that generate precise movements is essential for comprehending the neuronal basis of the locomotion and to infer the neuronal mechanisms underlying several locomotor-related diseases. Drosophila melanogaster provides an excellent model system for investigating the neuronal circuits underlying motor behaviors due to its simple nervous system and genetic accessibility. This review discusses current genetic methods for studying locomotor circuits and their function in adult Drosophila. We highlight recently identified neuronal pathways that modulate distinct forward and backward locomotion and describe the underlying neuronal control of leg swing and stance phases in freely moving flies. We also report various automated leg tracking methods to measure leg motion parameters and define inter-leg coordination, gait and locomotor speed of freely moving adult flies. Finally, we emphasize the role of leg proprioceptive signals to central motor circuits in leg coordination. Together, this review highlights the utility of adult Drosophila as a model to uncover underlying motor circuitry and the functional organization of the leg motor system that governs correct movement.","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"102 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140632041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to Increased hippocampal cannabinoid 1 receptor expression is associated with protection from severe seizures in pregnant mice with reduced uterine perfusion pressure 更正：海马大麻素 1 受体表达的增加与子宫灌注压降低的妊娠小鼠免受严重癫痫发作的影响有关

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25326

引用次数: 0

What do brain oscillations tell about the human sense of smell? 大脑振荡对人类嗅觉有何启示？

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25335

Coralie Mignot, Susanne Weise, Dino Podlesek, Georg Leonhardt, Moustafa Bensafi, Thomas Hummel

引用次数: 0

Morphological heterogeneity of neurons in the human central amygdaloid nucleus 人类杏仁核中央神经元的形态异质性

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25319

Carlos E. Vásquez, Kétlyn T. Knak Guerra, Josué Renner, Alberto A. Rasia-Filho

{"title":"Morphological heterogeneity of neurons in the human central amygdaloid nucleus","authors":"Carlos E. Vásquez, Kétlyn T. Knak Guerra, Josué Renner, Alberto A. Rasia-Filho","doi":"10.1002/jnr.25319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.25319","url":null,"abstract":"The central amygdaloid nucleus (CeA) has an ancient phylogenetic development and functions relevant for animal survival. Local cells receive intrinsic amygdaloidal information that codes emotional stimuli of fear, integrate them, and send cortical and subcortical output projections that prompt rapid visceral and social behavior responses. We aimed to describe the morphology of the neurons that compose the human CeA (N = 8 adult men). Cells within CeA coronal borders were identified using the thionine staining and were further analyzed using the “single-section” Golgi method followed by open-source software procedures for two-dimensional and three-dimensional image reconstructions. Our results evidenced varied neuronal cell body features, number and thickness of primary shafts, dendritic branching patterns, and density and shape of dendritic spines. Based on these criteria, we propose the existence of 12 morphologically different spiny neurons in the human CeA and discuss the variability in the dendritic architecture within cellular types, including likely interneurons. Some dendritic shafts were long and straight, displayed few collaterals, and had planar radiation within the coronal neuropil volume. Most of the sampled neurons showed a few to moderate density of small stubby/wide spines. Long spines (thin and mushroom) were observed occasionally. These novel data address the synaptic processing and plasticity in the human CeA. Our morphological description can be combined with further transcriptomic, immunohistochemical, and electrophysiological/connectional approaches. It serves also to investigate how neurons are altered in neurological and psychiatric disorders with hindered emotional perception, in anxiety, following atrophy in schizophrenia, and along different stages of Alzheimer's disease.","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"102 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140559491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neural correlates of metacognition: Disentangling the brain circuits underlying prospective and retrospective second-order judgments through noninvasive brain stimulation 元认知的神经相关性：通过非侵入性脑神经刺激厘清前瞻性和回顾性二阶判断的大脑回路

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25330

Daniele Saccenti, Andrea Stefano Moro, Sandra Sassaroli, Antonio Malgaroli, Mattia Ferro, Jacopo Lamanna

{"title":"Neural correlates of metacognition: Disentangling the brain circuits underlying prospective and retrospective second-order judgments through noninvasive brain stimulation","authors":"Daniele Saccenti, Andrea Stefano Moro, Sandra Sassaroli, Antonio Malgaroli, Mattia Ferro, Jacopo Lamanna","doi":"10.1002/jnr.25330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.25330","url":null,"abstract":"Metacognition encompasses the capability to monitor and control one's cognitive processes, with metamemory and metadecision configuring among the most studied higher order functions. Although imaging experiments evaluated the role of disparate brain regions, neural substrates of metacognitive judgments remain undetermined. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize and discuss the available evidence concerning the neural bases of metacognition which has been collected by assessing the effects of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) on human subjects' metacognitive capacities. Based on such literature analysis, our goal is, at first, to verify whether prospective and retrospective second-order judgments are localized within separate brain circuits and, subsequently, to provide compelling clues useful for identifying new targets for future NIBS studies. The search was conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines among PubMed, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, PSYNDEX, MEDLINE, and ERIC databases. Overall, 25 studies met the eligibility criteria, yielding a total of 36 experiments employing transcranial magnetic stimulation and 16 ones making use of transcranial electrical stimulation techniques, including transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial alternating current stimulation. Importantly, we found that both perspective and retrospective judgments about both memory and perceptual decision-making performances depend on the activation of the anterior and lateral portions of the prefrontal cortex, as well as on the activity of more caudal regions such as the premotor cortex and the precuneus. Combining this evidence with results from previous imaging and lesion studies, we advance ventromedial prefrontal cortex as a promising target for future NIBS studies.","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"102 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jnr.25330","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140556225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Treatment with RNase alleviates brain injury but not neuroinflammation in neonatal hypoxia/ischemia 用 RNase 处理可减轻新生儿缺氧/缺血时的脑损伤，但不能缓解神经炎症

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25329

Rozita H Anderberg, E. Axel Andersson, Valentina Bucher, Klaus T. Preissner, Carina Mallard, C. Joakim Ek

{"title":"Treatment with RNase alleviates brain injury but not neuroinflammation in neonatal hypoxia/ischemia","authors":"Rozita H Anderberg, E. Axel Andersson, Valentina Bucher, Klaus T. Preissner, Carina Mallard, C. Joakim Ek","doi":"10.1002/jnr.25329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.25329","url":null,"abstract":"There is a need for new treatments to reduce brain injuries derived from neonatal hypoxia/ischemia. The only viable option used in the clinic today in infants born at term is therapeutic hypothermia, which has a limited efficacy. Treatments with exogenous RNase have shown great promise in a range of different adult animal models including stroke, ischemia/reperfusion injury, or experimental heart transplantation, often by conferring vascular protective and anti-inflammatory effects. However, any neuroprotective function of RNase treatment in the neonate remains unknown. Using a well-established model of neonatal hypoxic/ischemic brain injury, we evaluated the influence of RNase treatment on RNase activity, gray and white matter tissue loss, blood–brain barrier function, as well as levels and expression of inflammatory cytokines in the brain up to 6 h after the injury using multiplex immunoassay and RT-PCR. Intraperitoneal treatment with RNase increased RNase activity in both plasma and cerebropinal fluids. The RNase treatment resulted in a reduction of brain tissue loss but did not affect the blood–brain barrier function and had only a minor modulatory effect on the inflammatory response. It is concluded that RNase treatment may be promising as a neuroprotective regimen, whereas the mechanistic effects of this treatment appear to be different in the neonate compared to the adult and need further investigation.","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"102 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jnr.25329","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140541149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of cannabidiol on brain glucose metabolism of C57Bl/6 male mice previously exposed to cocaine 大麻二酚对曾接触可卡因的 C57Bl/6 雄性小鼠脑葡萄糖代谢的影响

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25327

Lidia Emmanuela Wiazowski Spelta, Caroline Cristiano Real, Vitor Bruno, Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel, Raphael Caio Tamborelli Garcia, Larissa Helena Torres, Daniele de Paula Faria, Tania Marcourakis

{"title":"Impact of cannabidiol on brain glucose metabolism of C57Bl/6 male mice previously exposed to cocaine","authors":"Lidia Emmanuela Wiazowski Spelta, Caroline Cristiano Real, Vitor Bruno, Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel, Raphael Caio Tamborelli Garcia, Larissa Helena Torres, Daniele de Paula Faria, Tania Marcourakis","doi":"10.1002/jnr.25327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.25327","url":null,"abstract":"Despite evidence of the beneficial effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in animal models of cocaine use disorder (CUD), CBD neuronal mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of CBD treatment on brain glucose metabolism, in a CUD animal model, using [18F]FDG positron emission tomography (PET). Male C57Bl/6 mice were injected with cocaine (20 mg/kg, i.p.) every other day for 9 days, followed by 8 days of CBD administration (30 mg/kg, i.p.). After 48 h, animals were challenged with cocaine. Control animals received saline/vehicle. [18F]FDG PET was performed at four time points: baseline, last day of sensitization, last day of withdrawal/CBD treatment, and challenge. Subsequently, the animals were euthanized and immunohistochemistry was performed on the hippocampus and amygdala to assess the CB1 receptors, neuronal nuclear protein, microglia (Iba1), and astrocytes (GFAP). Results showed that cocaine administration increased [18F]FDG uptake following sensitization. CBD treatment also increased [18F]FDG uptake in both saline and cocaine groups. However, animals that were sensitized and challenged with cocaine, and those receiving only an acute cocaine injection during the challenge phase, did not exhibit increased [18F]FDG uptake when treated with CBD. Furthermore, CBD induced modifications in the integrated density of NeuN, Iba, GFAP, and CB1R in the hippocampus and amygdala. This is the first study addressing the impact of CBD on brain glucose metabolism in a preclinical model of CUD using PET. Our findings suggest that CBD disrupts cocaine-induced changes in brain energy consumption and activity, which might be correlated with alterations in neuronal and glial function.","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"102 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140537801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optogenetics in chronic neurodegenerative diseases, controlling the brain with light: A systematic review 光遗传学在慢性神经退行性疾病中的应用，用光控制大脑：系统综述

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25321

Rojine El Hajj, Tareq Al Sagheer, Nissrine Ballout

{"title":"Optogenetics in chronic neurodegenerative diseases, controlling the brain with light: A systematic review","authors":"Rojine El Hajj, Tareq Al Sagheer, Nissrine Ballout","doi":"10.1002/jnr.25321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.25321","url":null,"abstract":"Neurodegenerative diseases are progressive disorders characterized by synaptic loss and neuronal death. Optogenetics combines optical and genetic methods to control the activity of specific cell types. The efficacy of this approach in neurodegenerative diseases has been investigated in many reviews, however, none of them tackled it systematically. Our study aimed to review systematically the findings of optogenetics and its potential applications in animal models of chronic neurodegenerative diseases and compare it with deep brain stimulation and designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs techniques. The search strategy was performed based on the PRISMA guidelines and the risk of bias was assessed following the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation tool. A total of 247 articles were found, of which 53 were suitable for the qualitative analysis. Our data revealed that optogenetic manipulation of distinct neurons in the brain is efficient in rescuing memory impairment, alleviating neuroinflammation, and reducing plaque pathology in Alzheimer's disease. Similarly, this technique shows an advanced understanding of the contribution of various neurons involved in the basal ganglia pathways with Parkinson's disease motor symptoms and pathology. However, the optogenetic application using animal models of Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was limited. Optogenetics is a promising technique that enhanced our knowledge in the research of neurodegenerative diseases and addressed potential therapeutic solutions for managing these diseases' symptoms and delaying their progression. Nevertheless, advanced investigations should be considered to improve optogenetic tools' efficacy and safety to pave the way for their translatability to the clinic.","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"102 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140537813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alpha anteriorization and theta posteriorization during deep sleep 深度睡眠时的α前化和θ后化。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25325

Yue Cui, Yu Li, Qiqi Li, Jing Huang, Xiaodan Tan, Chang’an A. Zhan

{"title":"Alpha anteriorization and theta posteriorization during deep sleep","authors":"Yue Cui, Yu Li, Qiqi Li, Jing Huang, Xiaodan Tan, Chang’an A. Zhan","doi":"10.1002/jnr.25325","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jnr.25325","url":null,"abstract":"Brain states (wake, sleep, general anesthesia, etc.) are profoundly associated with the spatiotemporal dynamics of brain oscillations. Previous studies showed that the EEG alpha power shifted from the occipital cortex to the frontal cortex (alpha anteriorization) after being induced into a state of general anesthesia via propofol. The sleep research literature suggests that slow waves and sleep spindles are generated locally and propagated gradually to different brain regions. Since sleep and general anesthesia are conceptualized under the same framework of consciousness, the present study examines whether alpha anteriorization similarly occurs during sleep and how the EEG power in other frequency bands changes during different sleep stages. The results from the analysis of three polysomnography datasets of 234 participants show consistent alpha anteriorization during the sleep stages N2 and N3, beta anteriorization during stage REM, and theta posteriorization during stages N2 and N3. Although it is known that the neural circuits responsible for sleep are not exactly the same for general anesthesia, the findings of alpha anteriorization in this study suggest that, at macro level, the circuits for alpha oscillations are organized in the similar cortical areas. The spatial shifts of EEG power in different frequency bands during sleep may offer meaningful neurophysiological markers for the level of consciousness.","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"102 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0