{"title":"Mechanisms of Autophagy in Ineffective Reperfusion After Ischemic Stroke","authors":"Shangying Bai, Yuchuan Ding, Leticia Simo, Fengwu Li, Xiaokun Geng","doi":"10.1002/jnr.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite significant advancements in achieving high recanalization rates (80%–90%) for large vessel occlusions through mechanical thrombectomy, the issue of “futile recanalization” remains a major clinical challenge. Futile recanalization occurs when over half of patients fail to experience expected symptom improvement after vessel recanalization, often resulting in severe functional impairment or death. Traditionally, this phenomenon has been attributed to inadequate blood flow and reperfusion injury. More recently, ongoing neuronal death after reperfusion, which leads to the progression of the ischemic penumbra into the core infarct, has been termed “futile reperfusion.” This review explores the complex role of autophagy mechanisms in futile reperfusion following ischemic stroke, with a focus on its relationship to neuronal survival. We also examine the regulation of autophagic activity by epigenetic mechanisms. By investigating autophagy's role in ischemic stroke, we aim to identify novel pathways for precision treatment.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dayamrita Kollaparampil Kishanchand, Athira Krishnan K. A., Krishnapriya Chandrababu, Cyriac Abby Philips, Unnikrishnan Sivan, Baby Chakrapani Pulikaparambil Sasidharan
{"title":"The Intricate Interplay: Microbial Metabolites and the Gut-Liver-Brain Axis in Parkinson's Disease","authors":"Dayamrita Kollaparampil Kishanchand, Athira Krishnan K. A., Krishnapriya Chandrababu, Cyriac Abby Philips, Unnikrishnan Sivan, Baby Chakrapani Pulikaparambil Sasidharan","doi":"10.1002/jnr.70016","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jnr.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by the depletion of dopaminergic neurons. Recent studies highlight the gut-liver-brain (GLB) axis and its role in PD pathogenesis. The GLB axis forms a dynamic network facilitating bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and central nervous system. Dysregulation within this axis, encompassing gut dysbiosis and microbial metabolites, is emerging as a critical factor influencing PD progression. Our understanding of PD was traditionally centered on neurodegenerative processes within the brain. However, examining PD through the lens of the GLB axis provides new insights. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), kynurenine, serotonin, bile acids, indoles, and dopamine, which are integral to PD pathogenesis by modulation of the GLB axis. Our extensive research included a comprehensive literature review and database searches utilizing resources such as gutMGene and gutMDisorder. These databases have been instrumental in identifying specific microbes and their metabolites, shedding light on the intricate relationship between the GLB axis and PD. This review consolidates existing knowledge and underscores the potential for targeted therapeutic interventions based on the GLB axis and its components, which offer new avenues for future PD research and treatment strategies. While the GLB axis is not a novel concept, this review is the first to focus specifically on its role in PD, highlighting the importance of integrating the liver and microbial metabolites as central players in the PD puzzle.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to Sensory Perception of Environmental Cues as a Modulator of Aging and Neurodegeneration: Insights From Caenorhabditis elegans","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jnr.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jnr.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We apologize for these errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jnr.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nancy S. Hong, J. Quinn Lee, Charithe J. T. Bonifacio, Mason J. Gibb, Megan Kent, Abigail Nixon, Maleeha Panjwani, Danika Robinson, Valeria Rusnak, Tyler Trudel, Jessica Vos, Robert J. McDonald
{"title":"Hippocampal Lesions in Male Rats Produce Retrograde Memory Loss for Over-Trained Spatial Memory but Do Not Impact Appetitive-Contextual Memory: Implications for Theories of Memory Organization in the Mammalian Brain","authors":"Nancy S. Hong, J. Quinn Lee, Charithe J. T. Bonifacio, Mason J. Gibb, Megan Kent, Abigail Nixon, Maleeha Panjwani, Danika Robinson, Valeria Rusnak, Tyler Trudel, Jessica Vos, Robert J. McDonald","doi":"10.1002/jnr.70013","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jnr.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Evidence suggests that hippocampal (HPC) disruption following learning produces retrograde amnesia on a range of tasks. Many of these tasks do not require HPC function in the anterograde direction suggesting that, in the intact brain, the HPC is actively involved during all forms of learning. However, prior work has also demonstrated double dissociations of HPC and amygdala function, which is inconsistent with this view. Here, we aim to understand this discrepancy by assessing the effects of neurotoxic lesions of the HPC on anterograde and retrograde amnesia for conditioned place preference (CPP). This task is dependent on a network centered on the basolateral amygdala and not the HPC. The results show that extensive HPC damage had no impact on the acquisition or expression of CPP. One explanation for this result is that the task requires multiple, distributed training sessions for conditioning to emerge, and it has been proposed that this parameter may eliminate the need for HPC to support memory. To test this, we completed experiments to probe place learning in the Morris water task, which is thought to always require HPC function, but implemented an over-training procedure before HPC damage. We found that rats were severely impaired suggesting that this task parameter does not always allow non-HPC networks to support learning. Finally, an experiment was designed to test whether memories acquired by distinct memory networks on the same days, within hours of one another, would be linked in HPC. The results showed that they remained independent of one another.</p>","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RETRACTION: Nuclear Receptor nur77 Promotes Cerebral Cell Apoptosis and Induces Early Brain Injury After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jnr.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jnr.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>RETRACTION:</b> Y. Dai, W. Zhang, Q. Sun, X. Zhang, X. Zhou, Y. Hu, and J. Shi, “Nuclear Receptor nur77 Promotes Cerebral Cell Apoptosis and Induces Early Brain Injury After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats,” <i>Journal of Neuroscience Research</i> 92, no. 9 (2014): 1110–1121. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.23392.</p><p>The above article, published online on April 15, 2014 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editors-in-Chief, Cristina A. Ghiani and J. Paula Warrington, and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The journal received a report from a third party, which described image overlap between the B1 and C1 panels and the A4 and B4 panels in Figure 6. In addition, a third party also indicated that the majority of images in Figure 5 had been used in another article by many of the same authors (Dai et al. 2014 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2014.01.052]) and that images in Figure 4 had been re-used in a separate article also by many of the same authors (Dai et al. 2014 [https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-014-1355-6]). The authors did not respond to multiple requests from the publisher for the original data and an explanation. The retraction has been agreed to because of the evidence of image duplications both within this article and between other articles by many of the same authors, which fundamentally compromises the conclusions presented in this article. The authors did not respond to our notice regarding the Retraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jnr.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enes Akyuz, Feyza Sule Aslan, Abdulhekim Hekimoglu, Beyza Nur Yilmaz
{"title":"Insights Into Retinal Pathologies in Neurological Disorders: A Focus on Parkinson's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Alzheimer's Disease","authors":"Enes Akyuz, Feyza Sule Aslan, Abdulhekim Hekimoglu, Beyza Nur Yilmaz","doi":"10.1002/jnr.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jnr.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neurological diseases are central nervous system (CNS) disorders affecting the whole body. Early diagnosis of the diseases is difficult due to the lack of disease-specific tests. Adding new biomarkers external to the CNS facilitates the diagnosis of neurological diseases. In this respect, the retina has a common embryologic origin with the CNS. Retinal imaging technologies including optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used in the understanding and processual monitoring of neurological diseases. Retinal imaging has been recently recognized as a potential source of biomarkers for neurological diseases, increasing the number of studies in this direction. In this review, the association of retinal abnormalities with Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is explained. Structural and functional abnormalities in retina as a predictive marker may facilitate early diagnosis of diseases. Although not all retinal abnormalities are predictive of neurologic diseases, changes in the retinal layers including retinal pigment epithelium and plexiform layers should suggest the risk of PD, MS, ALS, and AD.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ihosvany Rodríguez Pérez, José Arturo Avalos-Fuentes, Francisco Paz-Bermúdez, Hernan Cortes, Gisela Tovar Medina, Rafael Jijón-Lorenzo, Benjamín Florán
{"title":"D1 Receptor Functional Asymmetry at Striatonigral Neurons: A Neurochemical and Behavioral Study in Male Wistar Rats","authors":"Ihosvany Rodríguez Pérez, José Arturo Avalos-Fuentes, Francisco Paz-Bermúdez, Hernan Cortes, Gisela Tovar Medina, Rafael Jijón-Lorenzo, Benjamín Florán","doi":"10.1002/jnr.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jnr.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lateralization of motor behavior, a common phenomenon in humans and several species, is modulated by the basal ganglia, a site pointed out for the interhemispheric differences related to lateralization. Our study aims to shed light on the potential role of the striatonigral D1 receptor in functional asymmetry in normal conditions through neurochemical and behavioral means. We found that D1 receptor activation and D1/D3 receptor coactivation in striatonigral neurons leads to more cAMP production by adenylyl cyclase in the striatum and GABA release in their terminals in the right hemisphere compared to the left. These differences are linked to a higher receptor sensitivity and potentially a better coupling of G<sub>olf</sub> proteins. When we assessed motor behavior through intranigral injection of the D1 receptor agonist SKF 38393 in the left or right substantia nigra, we found higher contralateral circling when injected on the right side. Thus, differences in motor activity correlate with neurochemical data, indicating that D1 receptor signaling plays a significant role in motor asymmetry.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Remote Ischemic Conditioning and Hypothermia in Permanent and Transient Cerebral Ischemia in Male Mice","authors":"Moeko Saito, Takao Hoshino, Kentaro Ishizuka, Yoichiro Kato, Noriyuki Shibata, Kazuo Kitagawa","doi":"10.1002/jnr.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jnr.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has attracted considerable attention as a brain protection strategy, although its impact remains unclear. Hypothermia is the most effective strategy in experimental transient cerebral ischemia. Therefore, we compared the efficacy of RIC, hypothermia, and no treatment on cerebral ischemia. We assessed the effects of both permanent and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 45 min in male mice. Brain hemodynamics were monitored during and after the procedure via 2D color-coded ultrasound imaging. Ischemic lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), early breakdown of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), expression levels of inflammatory cytokines by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and neurological signs and infarct volume were examined. In permanent MCAO, RIC increased cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the peri-infarct area, reduced early lesions on MRI–DWI, decreased early MAP2 breakdown, and lowered infarct volume compared with no treatment. However, hypothermia only showed a protective effect against neurological signs. In contrast, in transient MCAO, both RIC and hypothermia reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines, mitigated MAP2 breakdown, and reduced infarct volume to a similar extent compared with no treatment. In conclusion, although RIC proved to be more effective than hypothermia in permanent MCAO, the protective effects of RIC and hypothermia were comparable in transient cerebral ischemia. Thus, RIC could be a promising strategy for brain protection against cerebral ischemia.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"102 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amelie Marie Back, Bronwen Connor, Amy McCaughey-Chapman
{"title":"Oligodendrocytes in Huntington's Disease: A Review of Oligodendrocyte Pathology and Current Cell Reprogramming Approaches for Oligodendrocyte Modelling of Huntington's Disease","authors":"Amelie Marie Back, Bronwen Connor, Amy McCaughey-Chapman","doi":"10.1002/jnr.70010","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jnr.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder traditionally characterized by the selective loss of medium spiny neurons in the basal ganglia. However, it has become apparent that white matter injury and oligodendrocyte dysfunction precede the degeneration of medium spiny neurons, garnering interest as a key pathogenic mechanism of HD. Oligodendrocytes are glial cells found within the central nervous system involved in the production of myelin and the myelination of axons. Myelin is a lipid-rich sheath that wraps around axons, facilitating signal conduction and neuronal viability. The degeneration of myelin hinders effective communication and leaves neurons vulnerable to external damage and subsequent degeneration. Abnormalities in oligodendrocyte maturation have been established in the HD human brain, however, investigations into the underlying dysfunction of human oligodendrocytes in HD are limited. This review will detail the involvement of oligodendrocytes and white matter damage in HD. Recent developments in modeling human-specific oligodendrocyte pathology in HD will be discussed, with a particular focus on emerging somatic cell reprogramming approaches.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"102 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucia Gaddini, Valentina Chiodi, Andrea Matteucci, Zaira Boussadia, Luc Buée, Sabiha Eddarkaoui, David Blum, Nazzareno Di Carlo, Carla Raggi, Rita Di Benedetto, Patrizia Popoli, Antonella Ferrante
{"title":"Dipyridamole Ameliorates Memory Impairment and Increases Hippocampal Calbindin Expression in Niemann Pick C1 Mice","authors":"Lucia Gaddini, Valentina Chiodi, Andrea Matteucci, Zaira Boussadia, Luc Buée, Sabiha Eddarkaoui, David Blum, Nazzareno Di Carlo, Carla Raggi, Rita Di Benedetto, Patrizia Popoli, Antonella Ferrante","doi":"10.1002/jnr.70011","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jnr.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Niemann Pick type C1 (NPC1) is a rare, fatal disorder characterized by endosomal lipid accumulation that leads to damage of both peripheral organs and central nervous system (cerebellum and hippocampus are especially affected). Currently, miglustat is the only approved drug for NPC1, thus the identification of new treatments is mandatory. We have previously demonstrated that the drug dipyridamole (DIP), an enhancer of adenosine signaling, can reduce the pathological phenotype in patient-derived fibroblasts. In this paper, we evaluated the <i>in vivo</i> effects of DIP in NPC1 mice. Male and female NPC1<sup>nih</sup> mice were treated with DIP 30 mg/kg i.p. from 28 to 64 days of age. Motor function was assessed by Erasmus Ladder test, hippocampal cognitive decline by Novel Object Recognition test and brain pathology by immunofluorescence and biochemical assays. Peripheral pathology was evaluated by analyzing lipid accumulation in spleen and liver (HP-TLC). In NPC1, mice DIP rescued recognition memory and increased hippocampal expression of calbindin. On the contrary, the drug was unable to improve motor function, cerebellar pathology and lipid accumulation in spleen and liver. Our results demonstrated that DIP selectively ameliorates the cognitive impairment in NPC1 mice. This drug could thus represent a valuable therapeutic tool to be used in combination with other treatments in NPC1.</p>","PeriodicalId":16490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Research","volume":"102 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jnr.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}