Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease最新文献_第8页

Correlates of Past Childhood Homelessness in a Nationally Representative Sample of US Adults. 在美国成年人的全国代表性样本中，过去儿童无家可归的相关性。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001730

Tanner J Bommersbach, Taeho Greg Rhee, Bin Zhou, Robert Rosenheck

{"title":"Correlates of Past Childhood Homelessness in a Nationally Representative Sample of US Adults.","authors":"Tanner J Bommersbach, Taeho Greg Rhee, Bin Zhou, Robert Rosenheck","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001730","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001730","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Limited empirical data have been available on the adult sequelae of childhood homelessness. Using nationally representative data from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions-III, we compared a hierarchy of adults who were never homeless, those who were only homeless as children, and those who were homeless both as children and adults, hypothesizing greater adversity as one moved up the three-level hierarchy on sociodemographic, behavioral, and lifetime mental health diagnostic characteristics. As a further evaluation of the status of adults who were homeless as both children and adults, we compared this highest risk group to those who had been homeless only as adults. Individuals who experienced childhood homelessness were 46.9 times more likely than others to also experience adult homelessness. Testing the hierarchical hypothesis, compared with those who were never homeless, individuals who experienced homelessness only as children reported numerous associated disadvantages, including childhood sexual abuse/neglect, parental adversities, adult incarceration, psychiatric disorders, and low academic achievement/employment. Those reporting both child and adult homelessness, in contrast to childhood homelessness alone, additionally met the criteria for multiple substance use disorders, confirming our hierarchical hypothesis. Those reporting both child and adult homelessness also showed more numerous social and psychiatric problems when compared with those experiencing homelessness for the first time as adults. This study demonstrates how homelessness in childhood is associated with extensive social and psychiatric adversities in both childhood and adulthood.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50158146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Symptoms and Main Differences Between a Psychopath and a Sociopath. 精神变态者和反社会者的症状和主要区别。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001728

Liana Spytska

{"title":"Symptoms and Main Differences Between a Psychopath and a Sociopath.","authors":"Liana Spytska","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001728","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001728","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The research relevance is predefined by the fact that, in modern psychology and psychiatry, the concepts of psychopathy and sociopathy are combined and interchanged. These are two concepts that describe different etiologies of the same mental health condition. The research aims to describe in detail the main manifestations and characteristics of personality disorders (psychopathy and sociopathy) in psychiatry and psychology. The research analyzes the main features and manifestations of sociopathy and psychopathy. It examines the work of psychologists, psychiatrists, neurologists, and neurosurgeons in helping sociopaths and psychopaths. The study also explores the challenges of treating antisocial personality disorders and identifies internal and external factors that influence the development of these conditions. In addition, the article emphasizes the behavioral differences between sociopaths and psychopaths, proposes various methods for integrated therapy, diagnoses the main aspects of these disorders, and highlights the importance of psychiatric care and psychotherapeutic interventions. The research is of theoretical and practical value for psychologists, psychoanalysts, and physicians who can help people with these pathologies of personal development.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Which Symptoms Bridge Symptoms of Depression and Symptoms of Eating Disorders?: A Network Analysis. 哪些症状是抑郁症症状和进食障碍症状的桥梁？网络分析

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001715

Marieke Meier, Berta J Summers, Ulrike Buhlmann

{"title":"Which Symptoms Bridge Symptoms of Depression and Symptoms of Eating Disorders?: A Network Analysis.","authors":"Marieke Meier, Berta J Summers, Ulrike Buhlmann","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001715","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001715","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Depression is a common comorbid mental illness in eating disorders (EDs). Network theory focuses on interactions between symptoms, but findings from network analyses of EDs and depression need to be replicated to make reliable claims about the nature of symptomatic interplay. We used cross-sectional data of 366 online-recruited participants with clinically elevated ED symptomatology and constructed a regularized partial correlation network with ED and depression symptoms. To determine each symptom's influence, we calculated expected influence (EI) and bridge EI to identify symptoms that bridged symptoms of depression and ED. Concerns that others see one eat, fear of weight gain, and fear of loss of control over eating were especially important among the ED symptoms. Loss of interest and feeling sad were the key depression symptoms. Eating in secret and low self-esteem emerged as potential bridge symptoms between clusters. These findings regarding bridge symptoms partially overlap with prior network analyses in nonclinical and clinical samples. Future studies that investigate symptom interplay via a longitudinal design to deduce causality are needed.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sociocultural Framework for Psychiatric Case Formulation. 精神病学案例形成的社会文化框架。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001721

Mitchell G Weiss, Ankita Deshmukh, Sanjeev B Sarmukaddam, Vasudeo P Paralikar

{"title":"Sociocultural Framework for Psychiatric Case Formulation.","authors":"Mitchell G Weiss, Ankita Deshmukh, Sanjeev B Sarmukaddam, Vasudeo P Paralikar","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001721","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001721","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: A Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) field trial in India, widely reported racist violence in the United States, and casteist and religious communal conflicts in India highlighted inattention to structural issues affecting mental health problems in the Outline for Cultural Formulation (OCF) and the CFI in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition). Consequently, we revised the OCF as a sociocultural formulation (SCF) to better consider structures of society and culture. We studied and compared clinicians' ratings of SCF case formulations from a constructed assessment instrument (SCF Interview [SCFI]) and the CFI. Socio-cultural formulations from SCFI interviews were rated higher for details of societal structural impact, and overall interrater agreement was better. CFI interviews were rated higher for clinical rapport. Revision of the CFI should enhance consideration of structural issues and incorporate them in SCFs that better integrate assessment process and case formulation content. The need to acknowledge structural sources of mental health problems is clear, and our study indicates how a sociocultural framework may be used for that.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50158147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathophysiological Hypothesis of COVID-19 Psychosis. COVID-19精神病的病理生理假说。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001624

Gisela Roxana Edith Lisi, Francisco Appiani, María Eugenia Basile, Marcelo Garro, Juan Manuel Duarte

引用次数: 0

Addressing the Increasing Mental Health Distress and Mental Illness Among Young Adults in the United States. 解决日益增加的心理健康困扰和精神疾病的年轻人在美国。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001734

Mary F Brunette, Matthew D Erlich, Matthew L Edwards, David A Adler, Jeffrey Berlant, Lisa Dixon, Michael B First, David W Oslin, Samuel G Siris, Rachel M Talley

{"title":"Addressing the Increasing Mental Health Distress and Mental Illness Among Young Adults in the United States.","authors":"Mary F Brunette, Matthew D Erlich, Matthew L Edwards, David A Adler, Jeffrey Berlant, Lisa Dixon, Michael B First, David W Oslin, Samuel G Siris, Rachel M Talley","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001734","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001734","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Recent surveys show rising numbers of young people who report anxiety and depression. Although much attention has focused on mental health of adolescent youth, less attention has been paid to young people as they transition into adulthood. Multiple factors may have contributed to this steady increase: greater exposure to social media, information, and distressing news via personal electronic devices; increased concerns regarding social determinants of health and climate change; and changing social norms due to increased mental health literacy and reduced stigma. The COVID-19 pandemic may have temporarily exacerbated symptoms and impacted treatment availability. Strategies to mitigate causal factors for depression and anxiety in young adults may include education and skills training for cognitive, behavioral, and social coping strategies, as well as healthier use of technology and social media. Policies must support the availability of health insurance and treatment, and clinicians can adapt interventions to encompass the specific concerns and needs of young adults.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138444916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Moral Injury, Burnout, Anxiety, and Depression in Healthcare Workers 2 Years in to the COVID-19 Pandemic. COVID-19大流行2年后医护人员道德伤害、倦怠、焦虑和抑郁的患病率

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001705

Robert P Lennon, Jessica Parascando, Simon G Talbot, Shouhao Zhou, Emily Wasserman, Sneha Mantri, Philip G Day, Ryan Liu, Makayla Lagerman, Annette Appiah, David Rabago, Wendy Dean

{"title":"Prevalence of Moral Injury, Burnout, Anxiety, and Depression in Healthcare Workers 2 Years in to the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Robert P Lennon, Jessica Parascando, Simon G Talbot, Shouhao Zhou, Emily Wasserman, Sneha Mantri, Philip G Day, Ryan Liu, Makayla Lagerman, Annette Appiah, David Rabago, Wendy Dean","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001705","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001705","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: COVID-19 has led to marked increases in healthcare worker distress. Studies of these phenomena are often limited to a particular element of distress or a specific subset of healthcare workers. We administered the Moral Injury Symptom Scale for Healthcare Professionals, Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 via online survey to 17,000 employees of a large academic medical center between December 2021 and February 2022. A total of 1945 participants completed the survey. Across all roles, the prevalence of moral injury, burnout, depression, and anxiety were 40.9%, 35.3%-60.6%, 25.4%, and 24.8%, respectively. Furthermore, 8.1% had been bothered by thoughts that they would be better off dead or of hurting themselves for \"several days\" or more frequently. Healthcare workers across all roles and practice settings are experiencing unsustainable levels of distress, with 1 in 12 regularly experiencing thoughts of self-harm.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138444997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of COVID-19 on Psychiatric Acuity in a Community Psychiatric Hospital. 新型冠状病毒肺炎对社区精神病院精神敏锐度的影响

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001735

Yassir Mahgoub, Lauren N Forrest, Joy Luther, Nirmal Singh, Jason Kibler, Jason Noel, David Zug, Alison Swigart, Elisabeth Kunkel

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Internet Addiction and Emotion Regulation on Trauma Reactions During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents With Anxiety Disorder. 网络成瘾和情绪调节对新冠肺炎大流行期间青少年焦虑障碍创伤反应的影响

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-06 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001571

Merve Kuz, Halit Necmi Uçar, Özlem Çiçek Zekey, Fatih Hilmi Çetin, Serhat Türkoğlu

{"title":"The Effect of Internet Addiction and Emotion Regulation on Trauma Reactions During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents With Anxiety Disorder.","authors":"Merve Kuz, Halit Necmi Uçar, Özlem Çiçek Zekey, Fatih Hilmi Çetin, Serhat Türkoğlu","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001571","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001571","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In this study, we examined the relationship among trauma reactions, anxiety severity, Internet addiction (IA), and emotion regulation difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents with anxiety disorders. The sample of study consisted of 63 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years who were diagnosed with AD and their parents. IA scores and emotional regulation difficulties were significantly higher in the group with pathological trauma reactions than the group exhibiting nonpathological trauma reactions. The trauma scores of adolescents with AD were correlated with IA, emotional regulation difficulties, and anxiety scores. The results of mediation analysis found that IA was the full mediating factor in the relationship between anxiety and trauma scores and a partial mediating factor in the relationship between emotional regulation difficulties and trauma scores. As a result, monitoring adolescents' Internet use not exceeding healthy levels and developing and strengthening emotion regulation skills can help protect against trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40597724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comparison Between Before and During the Pandemic in Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Behaviors of Bipolar Disorder. 双相情感障碍非自杀性自伤行为流行前后的比较

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001572

Yanfang Deng, Jinai He

{"title":"A Comparison Between Before and During the Pandemic in Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Behaviors of Bipolar Disorder.","authors":"Yanfang Deng, Jinai He","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001572","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001572","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the feature change of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors in bipolar disorder before and during the pandemic. A total of 115 adolescents with NSSI were evaluated using a Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition, Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Aged Children-Present and Lifetime Version, and some related scales. In comparison with the 2017 group, female sex, borderline personality disorder, self-reported internalizing disorders, anxiety/depression, and thinking disorders were all related with the 2021 and 2019 groups. The 2019 group was linked to a variety of somatic issues. Negative life experiences, bullying, eating disorders, social issues, depressed feelings, performance and social anxiety, and rejection sentiments were all linked to NSSI. Both shared and differential features between before and during the pandemic may represent possible change for diagnostic and preventative interventions of NSSI in patients with bipolar disorder. Therefore, the doctor should adjust the treatment strategy based on changing of features between before and during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40334062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0