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A Transdiagnostic Model for Depression, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. 抑郁症、焦虑症和强迫症的跨诊断模式。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001754
Fatma Oktay, İhsan Dağ
{"title":"A Transdiagnostic Model for Depression, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.","authors":"Fatma Oktay, İhsan Dağ","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001754","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and anxiety disorders (ADs) can seriously impair functionality. Studies have shown that there are common mechanisms in the emergence of these disorders. This study discussed unpredictability beliefs, family unpredictability, locus of control, intolerance of uncertainty, emotional regulation difficulties, and coping styles. In this study, a model created with these transdiagnostic variables that play a role in the emergence of depression, OCD, and ADs was tested. The sample of the study consisted of 795 people. The model explained a significant part of the variance in psychological symptoms. In addition to various limitations, it is thought that this study has important contributions to the field by examining the relationships between unpredictability beliefs and various variables for the first time, and bringing together many transdiagnostic factors related to psychological symptoms. In addition, it provides valuable information for clinicians as it provides a basis for intervention programs targeting many transdiagnostic mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":" ","pages":"219-227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139484738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Psychotic Experiences and Daily Functioning in Borderline Personality Disorder and Schizophrenia. 边缘型人格障碍和精神分裂症患者的精神病体验和日常功能。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001755
Stefan Tschöke, Yvonne Knauer, Erich Flammer, Paula Usemann, Carmen Uhlmann
{"title":"Psychotic Experiences and Daily Functioning in Borderline Personality Disorder and Schizophrenia.","authors":"Stefan Tschöke, Yvonne Knauer, Erich Flammer, Paula Usemann, Carmen Uhlmann","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001755","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Psychotic experiences have been shown to be comparable in borderline personality disorder (BPD) and schizophrenia. Preliminary evidence suggests differences in the impact of psychotic experiences on daily functioning. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the role of psychotic experiences in daily functioning in BPD compared with schizophrenia. We performed post hoc analyses on data from 23 inpatients with BPD and 21 inpatients with schizophrenia, for whom results from the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales were available. No differences were found in frequency, intensity, and disruption of life in relation to auditory verbal hallucinations and the amount of preoccupation and conviction with regard to delusions. Significant differences were found in the disruption of life due to delusions. The results emphasize that the quality of psychotic experiences in BPD and schizophrenia is comparable, but the impact of delusions on daily life is different, which may improve differential diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":"212 3","pages":"187-189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dissociative Identity Disorder: A Review of Research From 2011 to 2021. 分离性身份识别障碍：2011 年至 2021 年研究综述》。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001764
Guy A Boysen
{"title":"Dissociative Identity Disorder: A Review of Research From 2011 to 2021.","authors":"Guy A Boysen","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001764","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Dissociative identity disorder (DID) has historically been one of the most controversial topics in the study of psychopathology. Building on a previous review of empirical research on DID from 2000 to 2010, the present review examined DID research from 2011 to 2021. The research output included 56 case studies and 104 empirical studies. Within the empirical studies, approximately 1354 new cases of DID emerged, which resulted in an average samples of approximately 20. Reanalysis of previous samples was standard in the literature with only 40% of reported cases being new. Studies emerged from dozens of countries across the world, but the majority of cases were from Western counties, especially the United States. Diagnosis primarily relied upon validated measures, but 74% of all new cases came from six research groups. Overall, research on DID is steady but methodologically limited in ways that make generalization, especially about etiology, difficult.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":"212 3","pages":"174-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparable Efficacy of Repeated Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Their Combination in Improvement of Cold and Hot Cognitive Functions and Amelioration of Depressive Symptoms. 重复经颅直流电刺激疗法、认知行为疗法及其组合疗法在改善冷热认知功能和抑郁症状方面的疗效相当。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001745
Vahid Nejati, Masoumeh Nozari, Bahram Mirzaian, Hosein Pourshahriar, Mohammad Ali Salehinejad
{"title":"Comparable Efficacy of Repeated Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Their Combination in Improvement of Cold and Hot Cognitive Functions and Amelioration of Depressive Symptoms.","authors":"Vahid Nejati, Masoumeh Nozari, Bahram Mirzaian, Hosein Pourshahriar, Mohammad Ali Salehinejad","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001745","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of repeated transcranial direct current stimulation (rtDCS), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and their combination (rtDCS-CBT) in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction, social cognition, and depressive symptoms in women diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). A total of 40 female participants with MDD were randomly assigned to one of four groups: rtDCS, CBT, rtDCS-CBT, and a control group. The participants' depressive symptoms, executive functions, and social cognition were assessed at baseline, preintervention, postintervention, and during a 1-month follow-up. The rtDCS group received 10 sessions of anodal dorsolateral and cathodal ventromedial prefrontal cortex (2 mA for 20 minutes). The CBT group received 10 sessions of traditional CBT, whereas the combined group received CBT after the tDCS sessions. The results of the analysis of variance indicated that all intervention groups demonstrated significant improvements in depressive symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, and social cognition compared with the control group (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, the rtDCS-CBT group exhibited significantly greater reductions in depressive symptoms when compared with each intervention alone (all p < 0.001). Notably, working memory improvements were observed only in the rtDCS group ( p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study suggests that both CBT and tDCS, either individually or in combination, have a positive therapeutic impact on enhancing executive functions, theory of mind, and depressive symptoms in women with MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":" ","pages":"141-151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139417353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pathways From Bullying Victimization to Suicidal Thoughts Among Urban African American Adolescents: Applying the General Strain Theory. 城市非裔美国青少年从遭受欺凌到产生自杀念头的途径：应用一般应变理论。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001747
Jun Sung Hong, Jungtae Choi, Timothy I Lawrence, Yueqi Yan, Lois M Takahashi, Dexter R Voisin
{"title":"Pathways From Bullying Victimization to Suicidal Thoughts Among Urban African American Adolescents: Applying the General Strain Theory.","authors":"Jun Sung Hong, Jungtae Choi, Timothy I Lawrence, Yueqi Yan, Lois M Takahashi, Dexter R Voisin","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001747","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The present study explores the relationship between bullying victimization and suicidal thoughts among African American adolescents in urban neighborhoods. The study, which was guided by the general strain theory, proposed and tested potential pathways that link bullying victimization with suicidal thoughts through the mediators including emotional distress, low future orientation, hopelessness, and drug use. The study sample included 414 African American adolescents who were between ages 12 and 22 years and residing in low-income Chicago's South Side neighborhoods. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation, and path analyses were conducted. Bullying victimization was not significantly related to suicidal thoughts, although it was positively associated with emotional distress and drug use. The association between low future orientation and hopelessness was bidirectional. The study findings have implications for practice, which is important as resources to assist adolescents who are affected by violence tend to be limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":" ","pages":"159-165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Schizotypy Moderates the Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Social Cognition. 精神分裂症调节睡眠质量与社会认知的关系。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001744
Lillian A Hammer, Cassi R Springfield, Caitlan A Tighe, Sophia Oswalt, Kelsey A Bonfils
{"title":"Schizotypy Moderates the Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Social Cognition.","authors":"Lillian A Hammer, Cassi R Springfield, Caitlan A Tighe, Sophia Oswalt, Kelsey A Bonfils","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001744","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Poor sleep quality has been tied to worse social cognition. Social cognitive deficits have been noted in those with high schizotypy. Yet, no study has assessed whether schizotypy moderates the relationship between sleep quality and social cognition, which may be vital to our understanding of contributors to social functioning. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of associations of sleep quality and social cognition, with potential moderation by schizotypy. Participants ( n = 906) completed self-report measures of schizotypy, sleep quality, and social cognition. Levels of schizotypy significantly moderated some of the relationships between sleep and social cognition. For participants low in total or interpersonal schizotypy, worse sleep quality was associated with worse theory of mind scores. For participants low in total, disorganized, or cognitive perceptual schizotypy, worse sleep quality was associated with worse self-reported cognitive empathy. For those high in these facets of schizotypy, worse sleep quality was associated with better self-reported cognitive empathy. These results suggest that the individual facets of schizotypy provide additional information and, therefore, are important to assess when examining social cognition and sleep.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":" ","pages":"133-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138176430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exercise Dependency and Overuse Injuries in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. 注意力缺陷多动症的运动依赖性和过度运动损伤。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001762
Anusha V Ramji, Oliver R Runswick, Eleanor J Dommett
{"title":"Exercise Dependency and Overuse Injuries in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.","authors":"Anusha V Ramji, Oliver R Runswick, Eleanor J Dommett","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001762","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common condition, but current medications have limitations, pushing a drive for alternative approaches. Different exercise-focused approaches have shown promise, but concern has also been raised about individuals with ADHD showing greater risk of addiction, including exercise dependency. Using an online survey, we examined current exercise practices, including exercise dependency and the presence of overuse injury, which could result from overexercising, in 114 adults with ADHD. We found that most were regularly exercising. None were classified as exercise dependent, but 38.9% were deemed symptomatic nondependent. Hyperactive-impulsive symptoms were a predictor of the level of exercise withdrawal experienced, and the co-occurrence of autism spectrum disorder was associated with greater risk of overuse injuries. The data indicate that ADHD may confer some greater risk of exercise dependency, aligning with previous studies investigating other addictions and suggesting further research is critical.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":"212 3","pages":"190-195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correlates of Menarcheal Age in a Psychiatric Sample of Adolescents. 青少年精神病学样本中初潮年龄的相关因素。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001737
Allison Stumper, Sarah A Thomas, Zaharah A Zaidi, Megan A Fydenkevez, Micaela Maron, Jennifer C Wolff, Jessica R Peters
{"title":"Correlates of Menarcheal Age in a Psychiatric Sample of Adolescents.","authors":"Allison Stumper, Sarah A Thomas, Zaharah A Zaidi, Megan A Fydenkevez, Micaela Maron, Jennifer C Wolff, Jessica R Peters","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001737","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Early pubertal timing is associated with more adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and increased risk for psychopathology during adolescence. However, most work to date has used community or epidemiological samples, and it remains unclear whether these associations persist in acute clinical samples. The present study examined associations between age at menarche and ACEs, psychiatric symptoms, and emotion regulation difficulties in a sample of N = 140 adolescents on a psychiatric inpatient unit. Youth with early menarche reported higher levels of depressive symptoms, more severe suicidal ideation, and greater difficulty with emotion regulation than youth with normative age at menarche. There was a marginal effect of youth with early menarche reporting more ACEs and more anxiety symptoms. These results suggest menarcheal age, and ACEs may be useful risk factors to assess in inpatient settings to predict risk for more severe outcomes, and future research on pubertal timing in high acuity settings is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":"212 2","pages":"129-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10832255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139642270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lack of Identity and Suicidality: The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation Difficulties. 缺乏认同感与自杀：情绪调节困难的中介作用》。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001731
Angela Russolillo, Alicia Spidel, David Kealy
{"title":"Lack of Identity and Suicidality: The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation Difficulties.","authors":"Angela Russolillo, Alicia Spidel, David Kealy","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001731","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Identity disturbance has been connected to both psychological distress and suicidality, and associated with emotion dysregulation. However, despite empirical evidence of a relationship between lack of identity and poor psychiatric outcomes, the link between impaired identity and emotion dysregulation in suicide risk remains underexplored, particularly among individuals seeking outpatient mental health services. Using data from a large clinical sample (n = 246), the present study examined the association between lack of identity and suicidality and the role of emotion dysregulation within this process. Findings indicated that the mediation model was significant, with emotion regulation difficulties significantly mediating the association between lack of identity and future suicidal behavior. Furthermore, the indirect effect of lack of identity on anticipated suicidality remained significant beyond general distress and past suicide attempt. Our findings add to the literature examining the complex relationship among lack of identity, emotion regulation, and suicidality.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":"212 2","pages":"122-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139642363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding the Impact of Deviant Peer Association on Dual Systems Model Development: Testing the Moderating Role of ADHD. 了解异常同伴交往对双系统模型发展的影响:ADHD的调节作用检验。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001743
Thomas Wojciechowski
{"title":"Understanding the Impact of Deviant Peer Association on Dual Systems Model Development: Testing the Moderating Role of ADHD.","authors":"Thomas Wojciechowski","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001743","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Recent research has indicated that deviant peers may play a role in cognitive development. This is particularly the case for the dual systems model, a key framework for understanding engagement in antisocial behavior during adolescence and emerging adulthood. However, limited research has examined how preexisting mental health concerns may moderate these relationships. This study used the Pathways to Desistance data to examine attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as a moderator of the relationships between deviant peer association and dual systems model constructs. Generalized estimating equations were used to test these relationships. Results indicated that deviant peer association and the presence of ADHD both predicted increased sensation-seeking and lower impulse control. ADHD significantly moderated the relationship between deviant peer association and impulse control, indicating a weaker impact of deviant peer association on impulse control among participants with ADHD. No significant interaction was observed for the relationship between deviant peer association and sensation-seeking.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":" ","pages":"96-103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138176432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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