Journal of Nanobiotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Magnetically navigated nano-PROTAC ameliorates acute lung injury.","authors":"Sheng Chen, Enen Chen, Jianfen Su, Yingjie Gong, Shiqi Tang, Aiping Qin, Ao Shen, Shunqing Tang, Lingmin Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12951-025-03656-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12951-025-03656-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acute lung injury (ALI) is an acute inflammatory lung disease with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The lack of efficient pharmacological treatments for ALI resulted in poor outcomes and prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was used to carry magnetic nanoparticles and TRIM24-targeted PROTAC (dTRIM24), which was further camouflaged with the exosome membranes derived from M1 macrophages to obtain nano-PROTAC (EM/PLGA/Magnetic nanoparticles/dTRIM24, EMPLANT). We evaluated the nanoparticles on the physicochemical properties, cellular uptake, in vitro toxicity, anti-inflammatory effects, in vivo biodistribution, in vivo therapeutic effect, anti-inflammatory capacity, and in vivo safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This nano-PROTAC EMPLANT, shows dual-targeting capability by magnetic navigation and inflammatory specificity. EMPLANT selectively accumulates in the inflammatory lungs in ALI model mice under an external magnetic field, reduces lung injuries, and drastically prolongs survival. Mechanistically, the degradation of TRIM24 upregulates the expression of STAT6 and thus promotes an efficient phenotypic switch of macrophages from M1 to M2. This strategy can ameliorate ALI greatly and increase the survival ratio to nearly 100%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The nano-PROTAC demonstrates a promising therapeutic strategy for ALI through precisely in situ reprogramming macrophages. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to develop this type of magnetically navigated artificial exosomes to deliver PROTAC and use it for ALI treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanobiotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":"622"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12486976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium alginate piezoelectric hydrogel loaded with extracellular vesicles derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promotes repair of Achilles tendon rupture.","authors":"Ao Duan, Bingqing Lin, Zhencheng Xiong, Xiaolong Shao, Wenzheng Liu, Renliang Zhao, Xiangtian Deng, Chaoyi Zhang, Dong Wang, Zilu Ge, Xiaoran Hu, Wei Lin, Shouye Hu, Guanglin Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12951-025-03606-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12951-025-03606-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accelerated repair of Achilles tendon rupture and prevention of re-rupture continue to pose significant technical challenges in orthopedic surgery and rehabilitation. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exhibit substantial therapeutic potential for various degenerative diseases and tissue regeneration. However, the use of EVs alone for repairing ruptured Achilles tendons requires multiple invasive administrations, such as repeated injections, to maintain a therapeutic effect, which increases patient discomfort and the risk of infection. In this study, we innovatively combined EVs with sodium alginate-based piezoelectric hydrogel (SPH) to develop SPH-EVs. By leveraging the slow degradation of SPH in vivo, SPH-EVs enable sustained-release of EVs while generating electrical stimulation, ensuring that an effective therapeutic concentration is maintained at the Achilles tendon fracture site. Additionally, the integrated near-field communication (NFC) module within SPH-EVs allows for real-time monitoring of rehabilitation exercise intensity in the affected area, guiding patients to conduct rehabilitation training within a safe range and minimizing the risk of re-rupture.</p>","PeriodicalId":16383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanobiotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":"625"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12486638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dielectrophoresis-assisted microfluidic device for high-precision and periodic single-cell capture and release.","authors":"Zhihang Yu, Wenqiang Tong, Jiaming Shi, Bin Ran, JiaXi Du, Lingling Shui, Huaying Chen, Liuyong Shi, Jing Jin, Yonggang Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s12951-025-03637-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12951-025-03637-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single-cell analysis is crucial for understanding the specificity of individual cells, yet its advancement is limited by the technical challenges of precise single-cell manipulation. Microfluidics has made significant advancements in single-cell manipulation, making it a powerful tool for analysis. This study presents a dielectrophoresis-assisted microfluidic device for single-cell manipulation. By coupling flow and electric fields, this device enables single-cell focusing, along with fixed-frequency capture and release on a microfluidic chip. This study employs theoretical and finite element method analysis to determine the cell dielectric parameters (K562), medium dielectric parameters (σ_m = 55 mS/m, ε_m = 7.08 × 10^-10), flow field parameters, and electric field parameters. Cell focusing and periodic cell capture and release were successfully achieved in FEM analysis. Theoretical parameters were further optimized experimentally, resulting in a single-cell capture efficiency exceeding 98%. By coordinating the flow and electric fields, the system successfully achieved controlled single-cell capture and release at a fixed frequency. This work provides a flexible approach for precise single-cell manipulation in microfluidic chips. This device has significant potential for applications in single-cell analysis, cell biology research, early disease diagnosis, personalized medicine, and droplet microfluidic single-cell encapsulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanobiotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":"626"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12487163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dimensional control of DNA nanostructures enhances cellular uptake and guides tissue-regenerative responses.","authors":"Xinyue Tang, Tingting Zhai, Tiancheng Li, Yu Jin, Dantong Lei, Cheng Zhu, Luyao Qu, Yingfu Li, Yudong Wang, Hongzhou Gu, Bing Fang","doi":"10.1186/s12951-025-03707-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12951-025-03707-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Precise regulation of cellular functions is fundamental for advancing tissue regeneration and drug delivery systems. Structural DNA nanotechnology enables the design of well-defined nanostructures, emerging as a promising platform in these biomedical applications. However, a clear understanding of how the dimensional properties of DNA nanostructures affect cellular uptake and biological responses remains limited. In this study, we constructed three distinct DNA nanostructures: a one-dimensional six-helix bundle (6HB), a two-dimensional three-point star, and a three-dimensional tetrahedron. We systematically evaluated their endocytic efficiency in five representative cell types: endothelial cells, dermal fibroblasts, myoblasts, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts. Among them, the 6HB exhibited the highest cellular uptake, with minimal variability across cell types in both 2D petri dish cultures and 3D multicellular spheroid invasion models. Moreover, DNA nanostructures were found to enhance cell proliferation in fibroblasts and chondrocytes, support chondrocyte phenotype maintenance, and, in the case of the 6HB, promote myoblast differentiation. These findings provide new insights into structure-function relationships in DNA nanomaterials and offer guidance for optimizing DNA-based platforms for drug delivery and regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":16383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanobiotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":"615"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel drug-free cascaded nanoparticles induce tumor-specific ROS storms via multimodal synergistic anticancer therapy.","authors":"Mingsen Wen, Hongwei Chen, Song Xu, Shanyi Yang, Xuan Guan, Xuancheng Wang, Zhiyong She, Zhijuan Wei, Ying Tong, Jichu Luo, Qixuan Qin, Xueting Lin, Yuru Tan, Yanying Nong, Qisong Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12951-025-03705-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12951-025-03705-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by sonosensitizers, play a pivotal role in tumor cell apoptosis during sonodynamic therapy (SDT), particularly for tumors located deep within tissues. Nevertheless, conventional sonosensitizers present limitations including inadequate ROS generation, insufficient tumor-specific accumulation, and associated adverse effects, significantly restricting their clinical applicability. To address these limitations, novel drug-free multifunctional nanoparticles (designated HGMP NPs) were synthesized. These NPs consist of mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA)-loaded protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), further surface-modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) and hyaluronic acid (HA), to achieve integrated photothermal, sonodynamic, and starvation-based tumor therapy. Upon exposure to near-infrared (NIR) irradiation (808 nm) combined with ultrasound (US), HGMP NPs exhibited pronounced synergistic anticancer effects. Specifically, the photothermal effect triggered by NIR irradiation effectively enhanced local oxygen supply within tumor sites, thus significantly augmenting ROS production and improving the therapeutic outcomes of SDT. Concurrently, GOx-mediated glucose depletion induced tumor starvation and produced hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), further exacerbating oxidative stress within the tumor microenvironment. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that ROS and TNF signaling pathways represented key mechanisms underlying tumor elimination by this multimodal synergistic strategy. Real-time PCR analysis and ELISA assays further validated activation of the TNF signaling pathway. Importantly, this study first confirmed the high biocompatibility and biosafety of HGMP NPs via serum metabolomics, demonstrating no detectable systemic metabolic perturbations. Collectively, the prepared HGMP NPs provide a rational paradigm for synergistic anticancer therapy. These findings highlight the potential of HGMP NPs as an exceptionally safe and effective nanoplatform for cancer treatment, offering valuable insights into future developments in cancer nanomedicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":16383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanobiotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":"620"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineered exosomes: a promising approach for overcoming challenges in pancreatic cancer therapy.","authors":"Mo Sha, Yang Gao, Xu Yin, Xueyao Li, Caiqi Liu, Shuang Li","doi":"10.1186/s12951-025-03697-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12951-025-03697-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic cancer (PC) is among the deadliest types of cancer, with very low chances of survival. It is often asymptomatic in the early stage, making diagnosis difficult. Therefore, it is typically found at an advanced stage, resulting in patients missing the opportunity for radical surgery. The complex biological characteristics of PC, coupled with the difficulties in drug delivery and tumor resistance, limit the effectiveness of drug therapy. Due to their compatibility with biological systems and low likelihood of triggering an immune response, exosomes are seen as a promising method for drug delivery. They are capable of targeting and penetrating tissues inside the body and can be engineered through surface modification and drug loading. Engineered exosomes possess controllable and diverse drug-carrying capabilities, which can enhance drug internalization and cellular uptake. Owing to their special properties and the potential to overcome the drawbacks of standard therapies, engineered exosomes have appeared as a promising treatment option. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the current application status and progress of engineered exosomes used in PC therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanobiotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":"619"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic field-induced plasmonic enhancement of near infrared fluorescence from a Magnetoplasmonic nanoplatform for bioimaging applications.","authors":"Siqi Gao, Jiantao Liu, Iuliia Golovynska, Zhenlong Huang, Yiqiang Wang, Hao Xie, Rana Zaki Abdul Bari, Hao Xu, Junle Qu, Tymish Y Ohulchanskyy","doi":"10.1186/s12951-025-03691-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12951-025-03691-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A phenomenon of plasmon-enhanced fluorescence (PEF) arises from interactions between fluorophores and metal nanostructures, leading to a substantial amplification of the fluorescence signal. Herein, we report a magnetic field (MF) induced on-demand PEF from the magnetoplasmonic nanoplatform and demonstrate its application in near infrared (NIR) bioimaging. The developed magnetoplasmonic nanoparticles (~ 50 nm diameter) feature a core-shell-satellite architecture comprising a Fe₃O₄ magnetic core, a mesoporous silica (mSiO₂) shell housing IR775-silane NIR dye, and surface-anchored gold (Au) seeds (satellites). Application of an external MF causes the magnetophoretic movement and aggregation of the nanoparticles (NPs), resulting in a formation of localized plasmonic hotspots and, consequently, in a plasmonic enhancement of NIR fluorescence from IR775 dye molecules. Correspondingly, a substantial reduction of the fluorescence lifetime in the MF-treated area was observed, in addition to the enhanced fluorescence intensity. In vivo studies with NPs subcutaneously injected into mice revealed MF-activated amplification of NiR fluorescence. At 6 h post-injection, the injected region treated by MF exhibited 2.1-fold stronger NIR fluorescence signal than the MF-untreated one; the fluorescence enhancement correlated with the reduction of the emission lifetime (from 0.68 ns to 0.47 ns). At 96 h post-injection, the MF-treated region exhibited 6.8-fold more intense NIR fluorescence. Histological analysis showed absence of toxicity from the injected NPs, revealing their biocompatibility. Hence, a considerable potential of MF-induced PEF with the magnetoplasmonic nanoplatform for targeted NIR fluorescence bioimaging was demonstrated. This work also introduces MF-induced PEF as a powerful strategy for spatiotemporal control of optical signals, offering new opportunities for targeted imaging and sensing.</p>","PeriodicalId":16383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanobiotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":"616"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A two-stage transdermal drug delivery system comprising sono-phase-change transfersomes for non-invasive deep dermal delivery.","authors":"Yi Zhang, Xiong He, Xiang Mao, Yukun Yang, Faqi Li, Xiaofeng Han, Hao Lu, Liang Tang, Yujun Yang, Yan Wang, Yuling Du, Wei Xu, Zhenyu Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12951-025-03710-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12951-025-03710-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-invasive deep transdermal drug delivery is required for conditions such as keloids. However, the skin's stratum corneum barrier is the primary obstacle for transdermal drug delivery methods. Most energy sources and operational controls are located externally, making it difficult to regulate the deep delivery of a drug once it has penetrated the stratum corneum barrier. Additionally, some transdermal administration methods that provide an internal energy source are frequently invasive and can cause damage. Therefore, achieving non-invasive drug delivery to the deep dermis for such conditions is challenging. Here, we propose sono-phase-change transfersomes (SPCTs) that stably encapsulate perfluoro-n-pentane within transfersomes. These SPCTs, combined with low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound (LFLIU), are designed to create a two-stage transdermal drug delivery system that integrates passive and active penetration. In the first stage, the deformability of SPCTs enables them to stably and passively penetrate the epidermis. In the second stage, SPCTs undergo a phase change when ultrasound irradiation is applied, transforming into microbubbles. As the microbubbles penetrate deeper, they gradually expand, rupture, and release their encapsulated substances, providing supplementary energy from within to achieve active penetration. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed a significant increase in the efficiency, depth, quantity, and distribution range of the contents entering the dermis. In addition, the SPCTs combined with the ultrasound group in the keloid nude mouse model exhibited the fastest keloid volume reduction, with various indicators demonstrating that its therapeutic effect was significantly better than that of the other control groups. These findings indicate that this two-stage transdermal drug delivery system can non-invasively and safely achieve deeper and higher-dose dermal administration, offering a new strategy for treating diseases such as keloid.</p>","PeriodicalId":16383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanobiotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":"621"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactobacillus johnsonii-derived extracellular vesicles restore mucosal immunity via taurine-linked Th17/Treg and IgA/IgG regulation in colitis.","authors":"Hailan Zhao, Ningning Yue, Zhiliang Mai, Yuan Zhang, Chengmei Tian, Chen Kong, Longbin Huang, Ruiyue Shi, Yujie Liang, Jun Yao, Yuqiang Nie, Defeng Li, Biao Nie, Lisheng Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12951-025-03702-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12951-025-03702-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanobiotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":"612"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomes/MoS₂ complex for targeting and effective photothermal therapy.","authors":"Liyan Wang, Huizhi Chen, Haiyan Qiu, Zhenyu Xie, Shah Zada, Jianbo Sun, Chengyu Lu, Zhan Zhou, Xinsheng Peng, Ruizheng Liang, Yubin Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12951-025-03665-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12951-025-03665-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photothermal therapy (PTT) has been an attractive tumor treatment strategy in recent years. Two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂)-based nanomaterials with high photothermal conversion efficiency is a promising candidate for PTT. However, the tumor-targeting capability needs to be further improved for effective tumor treatment. In this work, we combine the MoS₂ nanodots with exosomes, native vesicles secreted from living cells, to construct a novel exosomes/MoS₂ complex (MoS₂@ME) for effective tumor-targeted PTT. Through ultrasonic self-assembly membranes, MoS₂ nanodots are incorporated into MCF-7 exosomes. Similar to the free MoS₂, the MoS₂@ME shows significant photothermal conversion effect, causing nearly 100% necrosis proportion of MCF-7 and 4T1 cells under 1064 nm laser irradiation within 5 min (0.4 W/cm²) in vitro. In particular, MoS₂@ME presents noteworthy affinity for tumor cells, and in vivo studies further prove that it could accumulate at the tumor site efficiently. After intravenous injection with MoS₂@ME plus near-Infrared (NIR) irradiation, the temperature of tumor site in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice could reach 46 °C within a short time (~ 2 min). Notably, with the prolongation of NIR irradiation time, the temperature of tumors gradually increases and reaches the maximum temperature (52.3 °C) at 8 min, which is far higher than that in the free MoS₂ group. More importantly, PTT using MoS₂@ME exhibits much more effective antitumor therapy, as the tumor volume and tumor weight of mice in the MoS₂@ME group are significantly lower than those in the PBS and MoS₂ groups (P < 0.05), and even the tumor disappears completely. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that the MoS₂@ME shows excellent targeting capacity and photothermal effect, achieving effective photothermal cancer therapy. This work is expected to overcome the shortcomings of some photothermal nanomaterials, aiming to improve safety and effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":16383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanobiotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":"613"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}