Journal of Nepal Health Research Council最新文献

{"title":"Self-Care Practice among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases.","authors":"Kalpana Sharma, Hem Kumari Subba, Sunita Poudyal, Shital Adhikari","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.4937","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.4937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-management behaviour is crucial for halting the progression of the disease and preventing exacerbations and hospitalizations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Hence, this study aimed to assess self-care practice among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases attending at a teaching hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study was carried out among 106 patients who were diagnosed to have Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases and attending at respiratory and critical care medicine department of Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital. Convenience sampling technique was used to select 106 samples for the study. Structured interview schedule and observation checklist were used to collect the data. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 23 for window using descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The finding of this study revealed that 50.0% of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases had high and 50.0% had low self-care practice. Only 5.7% were using inhaler correctly whereas 94.3% of patients were using inhaler incorrectly, Furthermore, marital status, ethnicity and level of depression were found to be the significant factors associated with self-care practice of the patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Half of the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases have low self-care practice whereas almost all are using inhaler incorrectly. Hence, self-management intervention program is needed for the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases to enhance their knowledge and skill on self-care practice including inhaler use.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"527-536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Risk Factors and Perinatal Outcome of Fetal Growth Restriction.","authors":"Sanyukta Rajbhandary, Suvana Maskey","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5175","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Worldwide, Fetal growth restriction is a leading cause of stillbirth, neonatal mortality, and morbidity. Several maternal factors influence fetal growth and increases the risk of fetal growth restriction. Our study aimed to determine the risk factors and perinatal outcome of fetal growth restriction at Tribhuvan University teaching hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Tribhuvan University teaching hospital. A total of 140 Pregnant women at > 28 weeks period of gestation clinically diagnosed as FGR and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. The data was analyzed using SPSS 23. The association between various risk factors and FGR was studied using the binary logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 140 FGR fetuses, 27.9 % (39) belonged to the <10th percentile (Mild Fetal growth restriction) and 72.1%(101) belonged to<5th percentile (Severe Fetal growth restriction). Maternal age more than 35 years was found to be statistically significant as a risk factor in the severe Fetal growth restriction group. Among the maternal co-morbidities, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy was found to be the most common co-morbidity followed by heart disease and thyroid disorders. The Fetal growth restriction neonates requiring neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay was 42 (30%) and the median neonatal intensive care unit stay was 4 days. The fetal morbidities associated with fetal growth restriction were prematurity,respiratory distress syndrome(RDS), sepsis, meconium aspiration syndrome(MAS) and neonatal jaundice (NNJ). Among the 140 FGR babies, 138 were live born and there were 2 neonatal deaths (NND).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our study ,advanced maternal age is found to be a significant risk factor for Fetal growth restriction and gestational hypertension is the most common comorbidity associated with Fetal growth restriction. Therefore, identification of such women, their regular antenatal checkups, fetal surveillance and timely intervention are crucial for better perinatal outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"567-573"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Video-assisted Distraction Therapy on Childrens Pain Perceptions during Peripheral Venous Cannulation.","authors":"Menuka Bhandari, Munawatee Rai, Puja Gartaula","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.4900","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.4900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Relief of pain is a basic need and right of all children; effective pain management requires health professionals to be able to apply several interventions to achieve optimal results. The current study aimed to discover the Effectiveness of Video-assisted Distraction Therapy on Children's Pain Perceptions during Peripheral Venous Cannulation in Pediatric Wards of Biratnagar, Nepal.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A quasi-experimental study was conducted at Pediatric Wards of different hospitals in Biratnagar. Data collection was done from Feb 27, 2023, to April 28, 2023. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was adopted in selecting the desired sample size. Data was collected through an interview questionnaire and a standard observational checklist, the FLACC pain rating scale. The experimental group received video-assisted distraction therapy as an intervention, while the control group received routine intravenous care from the nurses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There is a significant difference between the pain perception score in the experimental and control group during peripheral venous cannulation (p= <0.001) during and after two minutes of cannulation. Similarly, the level of pain was also different in both groups, 42.5% of children in the experimental group perceived moderate pain, 37.5% perceived mild pain and 20% reported severe pain whereas 92.5% of respondents perceived severe pain and only 7.5% perceived moderate pain during peripheral venous cannulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Video-assisted Distraction Therapy was very efficient at distracting children from their pain during intravenous cannulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"519-526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Patients with Distal Anterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysms.","authors":"Sandeep Bohara, Amit Bahadur Pradhanang, Gopal Sedain, Mohan Raj Sharma","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.4986","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.4986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms account for 3% to 7% of intracranial aneurysms. They have increased risk of premature rupture during surgery and tend to have a higher morbidity. We aim to determine the clinical characteristics, management strategies and outcomes of patients with these aneurysms who underwent microsurgical clipping at a major university hospital in Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective study of patients with distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms who underwent microsurgical clipping between 2012-2022. Demographic data and clinical-radiological factors like Hunt and Hess grade, aneurysm location, and modified Rankin scale score at three, six, and 12 months were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 26 aneurysms were microsurgically clipped in 20 patients in ten years. Most patients presented with Hunt and Hess grade II. Of the 26 aneurysms, 16 (62%) were in A3 segment. Six patients had associated anterior communicating artery aneurysm, two patients had middle cerebral artery aneurysm and two patients had associated arteriovenous malformation. Sixteen patients (80%) had a favorable outcome (modified Rankin scale ≤2) at 12 months follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Aneurysms in the distal anterior cerebral artery locations are a challenging subset of aneurysms to treat. The majority of the patients had aneurysms in A3 segment and 80% patients had a favourable outcome at 12 months follow up period.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"537-542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adopting Logic Model to Predict Ovarian Cancer.","authors":"Gehanath Baral, Sujanbabu Marahatta, Sumer Singh","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5407","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Logic model was primarily used in educational programs and then to evaluate tuberculosis control, cervical cancer prevention programs, and cardiovascular disease in health. Unlike cervical cancer, there is a gap in screening for ovarian cancer. However, clinical services exist. Thus, the Logic model has been used to evaluate the service standards for the secondary prevention of ovarian cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is the multi-centric service evaluation research adopted from the Logic Model. There are four domains namely utility, feasibility, propriety, and accuracy standards in the Logic model that includes 53 question items altogether for each participant. For each item, the participants responded on a Likert scale to assess their satisfaction with the service provided to the patients. There are 5-point satisfaction levels from strongly disagree to agree strongly. The internal consistency of items was calculated and the factor analysis was performed. Software used were Microsoft Excel, SPSS, SPSS Amos, and R.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The agreement level of all specialist participants was satisfactory for the current prediction and management approach to ovarian cancer with a median value of 73.5% towards positive sentiment. Cronbach's alfa was at an acceptable level of more than 0.8 for utility, feasibility, and accuracy domains. The propriety domain had poor yield. Chi-squared test-based model fit is good (Baseline and Factor Models <0.001) and Barlott's test of sphericity is likely to work (X2=5460.242, df=1378, and p<0.001). Other confirmatory factors were not at an acceptable level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The logic model may work to predict ovarian cancer with an acceptable level of reliability, however for the perfect fit it requires a larger sample size.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"632-638"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress and Coping Strategies among Postnatal Mothers.","authors":"Sristi Acharya, Chandrakala Sharma, Chhabi Panthi, Amit Upreti, Apil Upreti","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5109","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal mental health problems are globally considered as a major public health challenge. Postnatal stress affects mothers and children's physical as well as mental wellbeing. The objective of the study is to assess stress and coping strategies of postnatal mothers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional descriptive study design was carried out at Immunization clinic of Lumbini Provincial Hospital. Purposive sampling technique was used to collect data among 152 mothers. Data was collected through a structured interview questionnaire using Perceived stress scale and Brief Cope. Data analysis was done through descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings of the study revealed that 25.7% mothers had mild stress; 72.4% had moderate stress, and only 2% had severe stress. Regarding coping mechanism, mostly used coping strategies were problem focused coping strategies and 90.1% mother adopted adaptive coping. While there was statistically significant between stress and age (p=.016), residence (p=.022) and occupation (p=<.001). Likewise, there was statistically significant between coping and age (p=.003), residence (p=.045), occupation (p=.018), sex of the baby (p=.005) and living during postnatal periods (p=.023).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The majority of the postnatal mothers had some form of stress. However, most of the postnatal mothers managed their stress through adaptive and problem based coping strategies in their own ways. Thus, there was a prime need to pay attention for promotion of their coping strategies that definitely enhance the mental status of the postnatal mothers.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"549-556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevelance of Dengue Among Healthy Blood Donors in Blood bank.","authors":"Jyotshna Sapkota, Ranjan Thapa, Basudha Nepal, Ram Prasad Adhikari, Sushila Khadka, Kiran Aryal, Avinav Acharya, Saroj Kunwar, Laxmi Kant Khanal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dengue is a viral infection, commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions across the globe particularly in urban and semi-urban settings. There has been significant increase in dengue cases over past two decades. This study aims to determine the prevalence of dengue NS1 antigen, IgM, and IgG antibodies among healthy blood donors at the Nepal Medical College Blood Bank.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the blood bank of Nepal Medical College between August to November 2023. Ethical approval was received from the Institutional Review Committee of Nepal Medical College (Ref: -080/081). Two hundred and thirty two serum samples from the healthy blood donors were screened with Dengue RDT (SD Bioline Dengue Duo) for detection of NS1 antigen, IgM and Ig G antibodies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the samples 18/232 (7.75%) were found IgM positive and 25/232 (10.77%) were found IgG positive. Similarly, 12/232 (5.17%) showed both IgG and IgM positive; however, all sample tested negative for NS1 Conclusions: Detection of Dengue antibodies in asymptomatic blood donors in endemic areas indicates a potential risk for recipients to contract dengue infection through blood transfusion. Implementing a screening program during dengue outbreaks could effectively mitigate this risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"562-566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Colonoscopic Band Ligation for Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding due to Hemorrhoid.","authors":"Pawan Sapkota Upadhya, Prajjwol Luitel, Sujan Paudel, Nischal Neupane, Shailesh Adhikary, Laligen Awale, Narendra Pandit","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5135","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lower gastrointestinal bleeding is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Hemorrhoids are frequently encountered cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in outpatient settings in Nepal. Rubber band ligation is one of the most important, cost-effective, and commonly used treatments for first to third-degree internal hemorrhoids. Colonoscopic Rubber band ligation provides enhanced visualization and maneuverability, improving safety and efficacy of Rubber band ligation compared to traditional Rubber band ligation methods. This study aimed to assess the safety, efficacy, and patient acceptance of Colonoscopic Rubber band ligation for lower Lower gastrointestinal bleeding due to hemorrhoids.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study, conducted in a tertiary care center of Nepal over one year, explores the immediate, late complications, efficacy and treatment satisfaction of patients undergoing Colonoscopic Rubber band ligation for lower GI bleeding due to hemorrhoids.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 28 among 108 patients presenting to the surgical outpatient department with Lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Symptoms of irritation, discharge, pain resolved in all patients at 3 months and that of bleeding and prolapse in 96.4% and 92% respectively. 75% were able to resume work the day after the procedure. Post-procedure complications were reported in 53.5% of cases. 78.6% of patients rated Colonoscopic Rubber band ligation treatment as \"excellent help\".</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Colonoscopic Rubber band ligation is feasible, safe and efficient for the treatment of symptomatic grade II hemorrhoids with most patients experiencing relief and high satisfaction. Further multicenter research with longer follow-up is needed to confirm long-term effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"557-561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes and Outcome of Neurogenic Vision Loss.","authors":"Pukar Ghimire, Ragesh Karn, Bikram Prasad Gajurel, Rajeev Ojha, Reema Rajbhandari, Sumit Shahi, Pradeep Panthee, Pragya Bhandari, Jayaram Lamichhane","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5418","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurogenic vision loss is often a medical emergency. Early evaluation and urgent treatment of the causes is the key to better visual prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cross-sectional study based on hospital records of patients admitted to the Neurology department of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital with complain of diminution of vision from April 2023 to March 2024. The visual outcome of the patients was recorded based on telephone interviews with the patients or their family members.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 64 patients were identified of which 62 were interviewed for visual outcome. The median age was 38 years of which 62.5% were female. Bilateral eye involvement was reported in 59.4% of the cohort and half of the patients had normal optic disc. The distribution of visual acuity at presentation was 39.1% for 6/60 or better, 9.4% for 3/60 to less than 6/60, 32.8% for 3/60 and 18.8% having no perception of light. The commonest diagnosis in decreasing order of frequency was idiopathic intracranial hypertension, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, idiopathic optic neuritis and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease with the frequency being 17.2%, 15.6%, 10.9% and 9.4% respectively. Of 62 patients interviewed, 67.7% reported a complete recovery of vision, 14.5% reported a partial recovery and 17.8% reported no visual recovery. Severity of visual loss at presentation was associated with poor visual outcome (p=0.021) whereas age, gender, number of eyes affected and duration of visual symptoms had no significant relation to visual recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Idiopathic intracranial hypertension, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, Idiopathic optic neuritis, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease were the commonest causes of neurogenic visual loss. The severity of visual loss at onset is a prognostic marker of the visual recovery in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"639-646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total extra peritoneal Repair of Inguinal Hernia under General Anesthesia Versus Spinal Anesthesia.","authors":"Udita Mishra, Ghanashyam Thapa","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5406","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Total extra peritoneal inguinal hernia repair is established approach to inguinal hernia repair usually performed under general anesthesia. Aim of the study was to compare Total extra peritoneal inguinal hernia repair outcome when operated under spinal anesthesia and general anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Bir hospital on patients undergoing Total extra peritoneal inguinal hernia repair under either spinal anesthesia or general anesthesia for inguinal hernia from September 2022 to August 2023. Operative time, postoperative hospitalization time, postoperative pain, postoperative adverse effects, level of satisfaction and recurrence rate at one year was compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight patients were included, divided into two groups TEP-GA and TEP-SA, 29 in each arm. All procedures were completed by allocated method of anesthesia. Though pain score was low in TEP-SA in initial four hours, 2.79±1.08 (GA) and 1.99±0.97 (SA) and 2.28±1.09 (GA) and 1.80±0.80 (SA) at one and four hours post-operative respectively, no statistical difference was noted between two groups regarding surgery time, pain score complications, hospital stay, recovery or recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Spinal anesthesia is at par with general anesthesia for total extra peritoneal inguinal hernia repair, if not better. It may be appropriate anesthetic modality in patients considered high risk for general anaesthesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"627-631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}