Journal of Nepal Health Research Council最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Access and Coverage of Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition Program.","authors":"Sujay Nepali, Roshna Maharjan, Ashish Timalsina, Melkamnesh Alemu Nigussie, Phulgendra Prasad Singh, Manisha Katwal","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.4911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.4911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wasting remains a critical public health concern in Nepal, with many children unable to access timely treatment despite national efforts. Evidence on program coverage is lacking in Syangja district. The objective of this study is to identify the underlying factors supporting and hindering the program and to estimate its coverage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Semi-Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage (SQUEAC) approach was implemented in three stages using a mixed-method design. Stage I involved qualitative data collection through key informant interviews (KII), Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and direct observations (DO) in seventeen different locations. Stage II tested a hypothesis about proximity and coverage via small-area surveys using active and door-to-door case finding. Due to inconclusive results, Stage III was not executed. Quantitative data from DHIS-2 and IMAM registers were analyzed for trends and performance indicators, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed and triangulated across participants, types and methods. A Barriers, Boosters, and Questions (BBQ) scoring exercise informed prior coverage estimation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve boosters and twenty-five barriers affecting program access and coverage were identified. Boosters included strong family support, motivated frontline workers, and local government initiatives. Barriers involved stigma, logistical challenges, inconsistent protocol adherence, limited training, and stockouts. The estimated prior coverage was 34.3%. Hypothesis testing on distance-related coverage was inconclusive, halting progression to a wide-area survey. Additional qualitative investigation confirmed gaps in health worker capacity, community engagement, and IMAM protocol compliance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The IMAM program in Syangja district faces systemic and community-level challenges. To improve coverage, targeted interventions are needed to strengthen service delivery, enhance staff capacity, ensure supply availability, and increase community awareness and engagement.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"24 1","pages":"42-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for Postpartum Depression using Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale.","authors":"Bibechan Thapa, Neena Rai, Prakriti Lamichhane, Subash Pandey, Anuja Acharya, Smrity Maskey, Meenu Maharjan, Aakriti Pandey, Prajwal Pudasaini, Reena Yadav","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.4922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.4922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postpartum depression (PPD) is a non-psychotic depressive episode within one year post-delivery. If left untreated PPD can lead to chronic depression, neglect, substance abuse, or suicidal ideation. It is common and often undiagnosed complication of childbirth because routine screening is not standard during postnatal care. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a widely used screening tool recommended for early detection. This study assesses the prevalence of PPD and its association with socio-demographic, obstetric, perinatal, and psychiatric factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital after ethical approval. A total of 167 postpartum women (6-10 weeks post-delivery) were recruited via simple random sampling. Data were collected through structured interviews from June to November 2022 using a Nepali-translated EPDS (PPD cutoff: ?13). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, with chi-square tests (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PPD prevalence was 17.4% (29/167). Significant associations were found with mode of delivery (p=0.031), neonatal ICU admission (p=0.021), past psychiatric history (p=0.000), and family psychiatric history (p=0.000). No significant associations were noted for age, education, employment, parity, or maternal complications. The odds ratio of PPD were 2.8 times higher in mothers who had their newborn admitted to neonatal ICU- and 14.8 times higher in those with a psychiatric history in family.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PPD remains a significant concern despite a lower prevalence than regional studies. Routine EPDS screening should be integrated into postpartum care for early detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"24 1","pages":"60-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Trends and Determinants of Continuity in the Government Health Insurance Program.","authors":"Ramesh Prasad Adhikirai, Ajay Thapa, Indra Prasad Tiwari","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.5275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.5275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nepal Government Health Insurance enrollment has increased, and sustaining continuous coverage remains difficult. Health insurance continuity is changed by social, household, and service-related factors. This study assessed trends in continuity among insured households in Gandaki Province and the associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 411 insured individuals. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Participants' characteristics and continuity patterns were summarized using descriptive statistics. Determinants of continuity in health insurance program were investigated through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of respondents was 46.4 years; most were Hindu and over half had a bachelor's degree or higher. While 92.5% intended to renew their insurance annually, only 16.3% discontinuous enrollment. Discontinuation was primarily due to poor service quality, low perceived need, and limited awareness. Continuity of enrollment was significantly associated with ethnicity (AOR 3.63), source of drinking water (AOR 0.32), female involvement in household health decision-making (AOR 3.63), and use of private health facilities (AOR 0.12). No independent predictors of discontinuation were identified after adjustment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study identified a notable gap between high intentions to renew health insurance and actual continuity of enrollment in Gandaki Province. Although Most respondents intended to renew their insurance. Continuity was influenced by socio-cultural factors, household decision-making, and service utilization, while dropout is driven by system and service delivery challenges. Improving service quality, user experience, benefit alignment, and community awareness is essential for sustaining the program.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"24 1","pages":"133-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Drinking Behaviours among Bus Drivers and Staffs of Banke District, Nepal.","authors":"Raymond B C, Sushhama Neupane, Reeone Khadka, Narayan Bhatta, Samir Bhatta, Chetan Bhatta","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.4745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.4745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol consumption is a significant public health concern worldwide, contributing substantially to disease burden and fatalities, especially among drivers. In Nepal, alcohol use is culturally accepted and widely prevalent, with evidence suggesting high consumption rates among bus drivers. This study aims to investigate alcohol consumption and drinking behaviours among bus drivers and staff's in the Banke district of Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 195 drivers and staff of public passenger vehicles categorized as \"Kha\" in Banke district, Nepal. Systematic sampling was employed to select participants. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire adapted from the Nepal STEPS Survey 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that 64.6% of participants had ever consumed alcohol, with drivers reporting a higher prevalence (74.4%) compared to other staff (56.9%). Peer pressure (56.9%) was the most common reason for drinking, followed by family influence (20.8%) and curiosity (18.6%). A significant association was found between alcohol consumption and occupation (p = 0.0177), with drivers more likely to consume alcohol. No significant associations were found with age, marital status, education, or ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight the high prevalence of alcohol consumption among public vehicle operators, driven by peer pressure and influence from family members. The study emphasizes the critical need for public health interventions to prevent alcohol-related harm in Nepal, such as educational campaigns, stricter enforcement of drunken driving laws, and workplace-based activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"24 1","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Individuals.","authors":"Shisir Pokhrel, Sanjib Mani Regmi, Kripa Ghimire, Samjhana Paudel, Aarjawee Paudel, Sanjog Timilsina, Nirmala Shrestha, Amrita Paudel, Bedana Pokhrel, Damodar Sharma, Bidhya Koirala, Sudip Bhattarai, Pratikshya Joshi, Roshan Bhatta","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.5271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.5271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant cause of mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH), in Nepal. HIV increases the risk of progression from latent to active TB, increasing mortality. Despite established TB control programs, there is a significant lack of recent data measuring the tuberculosis burden among PLWH specially within the Western region of Nepal. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among HIV-positive patients attending a tertiary care centre in Gandaki Province, Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Western Regional Hospital, Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, from August 2025 to January 2026. First, HIV-positive patients attending the ART clinic were screened, and those aged ?18 years without prior tuberculosis were included. Next, participants were recruited using convenience sampling. After obtaining informed consent, sociodemographic and clinical data were collected through a structured questionnaire and medical record review. Subsequently, CD4 counts were measured using the PIMA CD4 analyser, and sputum samples were examined using Ziehl-Neelsen staining for acid-fast bacilli. Finally, data were analysed using SPSS version 22, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence of pulmonary TB was found to be 5.1% among 137 participants. TB co-infection was found to be higher among males and in the 20-29 years and >70 years age groups. TB was more common among those with CD4 counts <200 cells/µL, but was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study found a 5.1% prevalence of pulmonary TB among PLWH in western Nepal and highlights the need for regular TB screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"24 1","pages":"126-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and Management of Perinatal Depression in Nepal: The Need for Urgent Action.","authors":"Sangita Pudasainee-Kapri, Mary Wunnenberg, Tumla Shrestha, Manisha Chapagai, Ram Hari Chapagain, Jeevan Gyawali","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.4725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.4725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perinatal depression is one of the most neglected public health concerns among reproductive-age women in resource-limited countries, such as Nepal. Currently, there is a lack of standardized protocols to screen and treat women for depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period in Nepal. Additionally, healthcare providers are often not adequately trained to identify and treat perinatal depression. This, coupled with the stigma related to mental health issues and a lack of community resources, can delay the identification and treatment of perinatal depression among women. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the need for routine screening and management guidelines for perinatal depression utilizing standardized and validated instruments and the establishment of community resources to enhance the outcomes of mothers and infants. Perinatal depression is the most common mental health issue among women of reproductive age. Collaborative efforts among healthcare workers and policymakers are essential to enhance maternal and child well-being. Fostering a comprehensive and culturally sensitive program Nepal can take a significant step toward reducing the burden of perinatal depression and improving the quality of life for women and their families. Routine screening for perinatal depression at different time points during pregnancy and postpartum for one year following childbirth as well as implementation of standardized screening and treatment guidelines to improve outcomes for women and their families. Keywords: Infants; perinatal depression; postpartum; pregnancy; screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"24 1","pages":"183-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upper Limb Injuries in Children Presenting to a Tertiary Care Center in Rural Nepal.","authors":"Poojan K Rokaya, Suresh Dulal, Tufan Singh Kathayat, Manoj Rajbanshi, Mangal Rawal, Pawan Marasini, Arun Upreti","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.4985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.4985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Upper limb injuries are one of the common pediatric conditions presenting to our orthopedic department. The aim of this study is to identify the cause pattern and demographic characteristics of upper limb injuries in children so that various preventive strategies can be encouraged to reduce their morbidity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Karnali Academy of Health Sciences after ethical permission from October 2022 to March 2024. An enumerative sampling technique was used. Age, sex, address, side, upper limb anatomical location, time of hospital presentation, mode of injury, seasonal trend, prehospital management and other associated injuries were noted in individual structured proforma. All the data were entered in MS EXCEL and analyzed using version 16 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 437 children were involved in this study. Distal humerus fracture was seen in 149 (28%) patients, whereas distal radius fracture was observed in 131 (24.4 %) patients. Injury was common in children 6-9 years of age (27.5%). There were 313 (71.6%) boys and 124 (28.3%) girls. Delay of > 72 hours in presentation to hospital was noted in 88 (20%) patients. Out of 437 children, 76 (17%) received prehospital management.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Upper limb injuries were prevalent around elbow and wrist joint. Injuries were common in boys and predominant in 6-9 years of age. Fall from cliff, tree, rooftop and ladder were the major mode of injury in our rural context.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"24 1","pages":"75-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns, Indications, and Outcomes of Genetic Testing Among Pediatric Patients.","authors":"Surabhi Aryal, Luna Bajracharya, Daman Raj Poudel, Surya Bahadur Thapa","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.5041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.5041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Genetic disorders contribute substantially to childhood morbidity, yet access to genetic testing in Nepal is limited by cost, availability, and a shortage of expertise. Evidence on testing practices and outcomes is scarce. This study aimed to describe the patterns, clinical indications, and outcomes of genetic testing among pediatric patients in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital from February 2024 to July 2025. We included all patients from birth to 18 years who underwent genetic testing for diagnostic purpose along with parents or siblings tested for segregation analysis. Data including the genetic reports were extracted from the investigator records and analyzed using SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 194 cases were included. Median age was three years (IQR 6.25) with males comprising 60.3%. Consanguinity was reported in 2.1%. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was the most commonly performed test (43.8%), followed by single-gene testing (20.1%) and karyotyping (15.9%). Neurodevelopmental disorders (18.0%) and congenital anomalies (15.0%) were the most frequent clinical indications. Overall diagnostic yield was 53.8%. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were identified in 53.47% of WES/CES cases, while 31.7% yielded variants of uncertain significance. Down syndrome (7.7%), Duchenne muscular dystrophy (5.1%), and Lysosomal storage disorders (3.6%) were the most common diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WES emerged as the most effective diagnostic tool in this cohort. Over half of cases achieved a genetic diagnosis, with neurodevelopmental disorders and congenital anomalies as the leading indications. A range of genetic disorders was identified, with Down syndrome and Duchenne muscular dystrophy being more prevalent.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"24 1","pages":"102-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Sleep on Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Apparently Healthy Young Adults.","authors":"Sabita Kandel, Narayan B Mahotra, Lava Shrestha, Mahesh Man Bajimaya, Vibina Aryal","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.4730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.4730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep dysfunction affects overall health of a person. Exact effect of sleep on cardiorespiratory fitness is less researched area. This study aimed to explore the effect of sleep on cardiorespiratory fitness by examining the difference in VO2 max between normal and poor sleep categories and examine the correlation between PSQI score with VO2 max of young medical students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in Clinical Physiology Department, Maharajgunj Medical Campus from March 2023 to September 2024. Participants were categorised into normal and poor sleep categories on the basis of PSQI scores. Participants from both groups performed Queen's college step test. Heart rate was monitored post exercise to calculate VO2 max. Independent samples t-test was used to compare the VO2 max between the categories. Pearson's correlation test was used to examine correlation of PSQI score with VO2 max.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 64 participants enrolled in the study out of which 45 were males and 19 were females. Mean PSQI score in male participants was 5.53 ± 2.76 and in female participants was 5.52 ± 3.44. The mean VO2 max in normal sleep category was 42.50 ± 8.61 mL/kg/min and mean VO2 max in poor sleep category was 41.89 ± 7.97 mL/kg/min. There was no significant difference in VO2 max between the two groups (p=0.77). Also, no correlation was found between PSQI score and VO2 max (r=0.029, p=0.591).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant impact of sleep quality on cardiorespiratory fitness assessed by VO2 max could not be established in apparently healthy young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"24 1","pages":"23-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Post-Operative Cardiac Enzyme Levels with Early Mortality Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.","authors":"Prashiddha Bikram Kadel, Anil Bhattarai, Ravi Kumar Baral, Prabhat Khakural, Krishnaprasad Bashyal, Srijana Thapa","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.5580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v24i01.5580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-operative myocardial injury is an important determinant for mortality and morbidity following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft surgery. This study evaluated the role of serial post-operative cardiac biomarker and enzyme (CK-MB, Troponin I) measurement in predicting in-hospital mortality following CABG surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients undergoing CABG procedure at Manmohan Cardiothoracic Centre from January 2020 to January 2021. Cardiac Biomarkers (CK-MB and Troponin I) were measured at 6,12 and 24 hours post-operatively. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of biomarkers between survivors (n=40) and non-survivors (n=3). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis with Youden Index was used to determine optimal cutoffs values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 43 patients were enrolled in the study. In-hospital mortality was 7% (3/43) with 40 survivors and 3 non-survivors. No significant differences were observed in cardiac enzymes measured at 6 hours, between the survivors and non-survivors (Troponin I, p=0.206; CK-MB, p=0.391). However, biomarkers were significantly higher in non-survivors at 12 hours (Troponin I p=0.038; CK-MB p=0.004) and 24 hours (Troponin I p=0.007; CK-MB p=0.005). ROC demonstrated excellent predictive performance of CK-MB at 12 hours (AUC=1.00, cutoff at 146 IU/L, sensitivity 100%, specificity 100%), CK-MB at 24 hours (AUC =0.95, cutoff at 155 IU/L) and Troponin I at 24 hours (AUC=0.92, cutoff at 5.17ng/ml). However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously due to only three mortality events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Post operative Cardiac biomarkers (Troponin I >5.17 ng/ml at 24 hours and CK-MB >146 IU/L at 12 hours and >155 IU/L at 24 hours) were associated with in-hospital mortality following CABG and warrants further evaluation as a post-operative risk stratification marker.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"24 1","pages":"167-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}