Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries最新文献

{"title":"Biomass minimum ignition temperature prediction through differential study of thermogravimetric analysis","authors":"Roberto Paredes ,&nbsp;Isabel Amez ,&nbsp;David León ,&nbsp;Blanca Castells","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the global goal of minimising energy dependence on fossil fuels, biomass is taking on a crucial role, not only as an energy source, but also as a means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and incorporating the use of new biofuels. However, the storage of processed biomass in dust form introduces several inherent hazards, e.g. the formation of fires due to self-ignition or the deposition of this powdery material on hot surfaces, thus reaching the minimum ignition temperature of dust layer. These hazards are not only observed in the industrial safety area but are also associated with the process of generating energy from biomass in controlled environments. In order to quantify these critical risks, this study focuses on correlating the devolatilization temperature ranges of the main polymers of biomass from the differential analysis of thermogravimetric curves (DTG) to obtain a prediction of the minimum ignition temperature of dust layer. This parameter has been experimentally determined according to UNE - EN ISO/IEC 80079-20-2:2016. Six samples of lignocellulosic biomass of different origin and composition were studied. The Fraser-Suzuki deconvolution method was used to determine the percentage of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin in order to establish a correlation between the composition and the flammability tendency of the samples. The results of the study underline the effectiveness of differential analysis of thermogravimetric curves as a fast and accurate tool for predicting the minimum ignition temperature of dust layer in lignocellulosic biomasses. This novel method, which requires only 60 mg and has an average error of 1.10% compared to experimental temperatures, improves the understanding of the combustibility of lignocellulosic biomasses by providing a more complete thermal record than that reported by international standard test methods. Therefore, its implementation would provide an improvement in terms of preventive and environmental risk management strategies related to combustible dust accumulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the catastrophic roof failure of a fatty acid storage tank: Causes, mechanisms, and safety implications","authors":"Anggara Dwita Burmana ,&nbsp;Iriany ,&nbsp;Yacine Benguerba ,&nbsp;Rosdanelli Hasibuan ,&nbsp;Sri Aprilia ,&nbsp;Wan Rizki Ansari ,&nbsp;Silvia Nova ,&nbsp;Vikram Alexander ,&nbsp;Dwina Rahmayani Hasibuan ,&nbsp;Taslim","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the catastrophic failure of the roof weld on a carbon steel storage tank at a fatty acids plant, which was attributed to pressure overload. The incident resulted in the tank's roof, weighing over 5 tons and spanning 8 m in diameter, being propelled 25 m from the tank. Despite installing several safety devices, including pressure regulating valves, pressure indicator controls, and pressure vacuum relief valves, inadequate maintenance led to their malfunction. This study examines the mechanisms and causes behind the failure, highlighting the crucial role of regular maintenance in ensuring the functionality of safety instruments. While neither toxic nor flammable, the plant's compressed air system poses a significant hazard due to the energy stored at slight overpressure, necessitating vigilant management by the safety department. The findings underscore the importance of robust maintenance strategies and procedural adherence to prevent similar incidents, enhancing industrial storage systems' overall safety and reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105484"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing safety in the storage of hazardous molecules: The case of hydroxylamine","authors":"Giuseppe Andriani ,&nbsp;Paolo Mocellin ,&nbsp;Gianmaria Pio ,&nbsp;Chiara Vianello ,&nbsp;Ernesto Salzano","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Handling large quantities of thermally unstable compounds in storage vessels can result in severe accidents due to runaway reactions. Therefore, developing inherently safe design strategies for storage equipment is crucial for enhancing chemical plant reliability and preventing hazardous scenarios. The Frank-Kamenetskii theory (FKT) of self-heating offers practical tools for designing procedures to address phenomena that could lead to uncontrolled chemical reactions. This study introduces a design procedure based on the FKT for creating intrinsically safe storage vessels. An expanded FKT version incorporating parametric sensitivity analysis has been developed to improve the method's reliability. To understand self-heating phenomena, stability and performance diagrams were created, relating critical design parameters (e.g., the critical value of the Frank-Kamenetskii number) and verification parameters (e.g., maximum reached dimensionless temperature) to the dimensionless activation energy (<span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi></mrow></math></span>). Additionally, the proposed design strategy includes a procedure for designing relief systems to mitigate the risk of equipment explosions from runaway reactions. The applicability of this procedure was tested using two cases: (I) an aqueous solution containing 50% w/w hydroxylamine (HA) and (II) a 50% w/w HA aqueous solution with 1% w/w hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HA-derived salt). Results indicate that for large <span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi></mrow></math></span> values, the traditional FKT formulation and the expanded theory yield similar vessel designs. However, for finite <span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi></mrow></math></span> values (<span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>100</mn></mrow></math></span>), the refined FKT version allows for less conservative storage equipment design. Combining DIERS guidelines with standard procedures for relief systems results in a more versatile and consistent protocol. However, incorporating relief systems is often impractical for large storage vessels due to the excessively large venting areas required for runaway reactions. In such cases, intrinsically safe vessel designs become the only feasible solution to prevent catastrophic incidents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ML enhanced measurement of the electrostatic charge distribution of powder conveyed through a duct","authors":"C. Wilms ,&nbsp;W. Xu ,&nbsp;G. Ozler ,&nbsp;S. Jantač ,&nbsp;S. Schmelter ,&nbsp;H. Grosshans","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electrostatic charge acquired by powders during transport through ducts can cause devastating dust explosions. Our recently developed laser-optical measurement technique can resolve the powder charge along a one-dimensional (1D) path. However, the charge across the duct’s complete two-dimensional (2D) cross-section, which is the critical parameter for process safety, is generally unavailable due to limited optical access. To estimate the complete powder charge distribution in a conveying duct, we propose a machine learning (ML) approach using a shallow neural network (SNN). The ML algorithm is trained with cross-sectional data extracted from four different three-dimensional direct numerical simulations of a turbulent duct flow with varying particle size. Through this training with simulation data, the ML algorithm can estimate the powder charge distribution in the duct’s cross-section based on only 1D measurements. The results reveal an average <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>-error of the reconstructed 2D cross-section of 1.63%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105474"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the influence of metal oxides on the pyrolytic behavior and decomposition mechanism of the green gas generating agent 5-Aminotetrazole","authors":"Shuna Zhao ,&nbsp;Mi Li ,&nbsp;Lin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>5-Aminotetrazole (5AT) is widely used as a green gas-generating agent in fire extinguishers, but it exhibits low combustion stability. To enhance its combustion rate and modify gas production performance, this study investigated the catalytic effects of adding different metal oxides (Bi₂O₃, PbO, TiO₂, and CoO) on its pyrolysis process and decomposition mechanism. The pyrolysis behavior and pyrolysis products of 5AT were studied by simultaneous thermal analyzer (thermogravimetry - differential thermal analysis, TG-DTA) and TG-FTIR/MS (mass spectrometry and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) hyphenated instrument. Isoconversional methods were used to calculated kinetic parameters, and reaction mechanism was also speculated by combining the experimental and calculational results. The experimental results indicated that Bi₂O₃, PbO, TiO₂ and CoO have minimal impact on the ring opening reaction process of 5AT, but they catalyzed the polymer decomposition process of 5AT, especially CoO. Consequently, the addition of metal oxides as catalysts to 5AT holds significant potential for improving its thermal safety and enhancing its suitability as a solid propellant gas generator.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105481"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zinc phytate@chitosan bio-powder renders explosion suppression of titanium powder involved in industrial processes","authors":"Kainan Yu ,&nbsp;YaChao Wang ,&nbsp;Shuqi Zhang ,&nbsp;JiangPing Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Titanium powder easily accumulates during industrial processes, and its high reactivity poses unavoidable hazards to both industrial operations and human safety. To suppress the explosion of titanium powder, zinc phytate (Zn-PA) and chitosan (CS) are mixed and prepared into a new bio-inhibitor using hydrothermal-solvothermal synthesis. The suppression effects of Zn-PA@CS bio-powder on the explosion pressure and temperature of titanium powder under different inerting ratios (α) are investigated using a 20 L spherical explosion testing system. The results show that when the α of Zn-PA@CS bio-powder is 0.8, the maximum explosion pressure (<em>P</em>_<em>max</em>) and the maximum rate of pressure rise ((<em>dP</em>/<em>dt</em>)_<em>max</em>) of titanium powder decrease by 82.8% and 91.2%, respectively. Moreover, the maximum flame temperature (<em>T</em>_p) drops from the initial 647 °C–38 °C. Combined with TG-DSC analysis, Zn-PA@CS bio-powder produces phosphorus-containing substances during high-temperature thermal decomposition, which consume a large number of free radicals essential for the explosion. Furthermore, Zn-PA@CS bio-powder generates solid and gaseous substances, leading to the formation of a dense carbonaceous residue that covers the titanium powder, acts as an effective barrier, and dilutes oxygen concentration, thereby further inhibiting the explosion reaction. The Zn-PA@CS bio-powder exhibits a synergistic effect in both physical and chemical suppression. This study provides technical support for developing biomass explosion suppression powder and for preventing and controlling explosion accidents in industrial production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of CO2 on the explosion limit parameters and kinetic characteristics of ammonia-hydrogen-air mixtures","authors":"Fangming Cheng ,&nbsp;Beibei Li ,&nbsp;Zhenmin Luo ,&nbsp;Saiyan Ma ,&nbsp;Jiao Qu ,&nbsp;Jun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To explore the effect of CO₂ on the explosion limit parameters and kinetic characteristics of the NH₃-H₂-air mixtures, the standard combustible gases explosion limits device was utilized to test and analyze the explosion limit, critical oxygen concentration, and explosion triangle. Based on the CHEMKIN software, the suppression mechanism of CO₂ on NH₃-H₂-air mixtures explosion with 0.4 <em>R</em> (hydrogen ratio) and a near-inerting critical concentration was simulated and analyzed. The results indicated that increasing <em>F</em> (volume fraction of CO₂) led to a decrease in the upper explosion limit (UEL) of NH₃-H₂-air mixtures and an increase in the lower explosion limit (LEL). When <em>F</em> increased to 36%, the explosion of the NH₃-H₂-air mixtures with 0.4 <em>R</em> was completely suppressed. As <em>R</em> increased, the UEL and LEL decreased and increased linearly, respectively, the critical explosion-suppression concentration of CO₂ increased, the critical oxygen concentration decreased, and the explosive zone area also increased. In addition, based on the analysis of the changing characteristics of the UEL and LEL, prediction models for the UEL and LEL of NH₃-H₂-air mixtures with different hydrogen ratios under the effect of CO₂ were provided. Reaction kinetics analysis found that less CO₂ had a more pronounced impact on ·H and ·OH. However, when <em>F</em> increased to 20–30%, the maximum mole fraction of ·O decreased the most. At this point, the sensitivity of·NH₂ towards decreasing oxygen concentrations became comparable to that of ·H and ·OH. When <em>F</em> increased to a near-critical explosion-suppression concentration of 30%, ·H, ·OH, ·O, and ·NH₂ were in a critical state of disappearing, and the chain initiation of the explosion was destroyed. Sensitivity analysis indicated that ·H + O₂(+M)&lt;=&gt;HO₂(+M) and ·NH₂+·NH=N₂H₃ performed a more significant inerting effect on ·H and ·NH₂, which ultimately led to the termination of the explosive chain reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of a high-tech plant fire happened in Taiwan: A case study","authors":"Chih-Chiang Hsieh ,&nbsp;Chi-Min Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105483","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;High-tech plants typically have sophisticated devices, complicated pipeline designs, and various chemical products in narrow spaces. Furthermore, air tunnels are generally applied to connect multiple floors for product production; hence, fire would readily spread to those floors. In addition, the fire would spread to neighbouring buildings if fire-prevention structures between them were destroyed. Such situations would inevitably cause hazardous staff evacuation and make it more difficult for firefighters to rescue in case of a fire disaster.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;A fire that happened in a high-tech plant in 2018 claimed 6 deaths and 6 injuries of firefighters and 2 deaths of staff members from the company. This study focused on this fire to discuss the reasons for the speedy fire spreading at the beginning of the fire, the death of human beings, and property damage. We concluded that neither the adaptive responses nor the fire-blocking deployment was sufficient. These reasons caused fire to spread to other floors promptly and extend to neighbouring buildings. In addition, the staff from the company did not provide the necessary information about the fire scene for firefighters to retrieve from the fire along the water belt. To avoid the recurrence of the disaster, improvements should be made in several aspects: (1) The need for greater capability to prevent disasters at plants, (2) The need to increase public safety and report illegal occupation of areas controlled for fire safety, (3) The need to establish a mapping of various layouts and provide relevant information on high-risk facilities for firefighters to better understand the necessary information about disaster sites, (4) The need to enhance the capability possessed by the rescuers to predict potential risks, (5) The need to upgrade the rescue equipment firefighters use, (6) Flammable materials should not be used in construction anywhere in the operation part of the plant, (7) Separate HVAC system and Exhaust ducts should be installed on each floor to minimise the spread of fine and to provide better control of fires, (8) Learn from fires in other manufacturing installations globally, even those not in high tech plants, (9) Conduct fire drills under the supervision of a third party expert and in the presence of city fire fighter and police supervisors, (10) Thorough HAZOP analysis to be carried out as and when any major change is planned, and (11) It may be explored if CCTV cameras can have a small silent fan to keep smoke and dust away and help fire fighters to vies the situation constantly.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The initial response to the disaster can minimise both the casualties and property losses. Therefore, to avoid the recurrence of the disaster, the government should legislate to require the industry to strengthen the plant's self-disaster prevention and responsive capabilities. Various disaster relief training can use different disaster relief cases to share the accumulated disaster relief e","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic literature review of risk management research on hydrometeorological hazards-related Natech events","authors":"Yingwei Mao ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Luo ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Tzioutzios ,&nbsp;Maria Camila Suarez Paba ,&nbsp;Huayu Guo ,&nbsp;Rui Liang ,&nbsp;Baofeng Di ,&nbsp;Wei Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natech events refer to technological accidents triggered by natural hazards, potentially leading to fires, explosions, and hazardous material (hazmat) releases. Notably, hydrometeorological hazards, exemplified by hurricanes, have led to an escalating frequency of Natech events over recent decades, resulting in significant socio-economic impacts and substantial financial losses. Consequently, Natech has evolved into a critical domain within risk management, garnering heightened scholarly and professional attention. Urgent application of effective strategies for managing and mitigating risks associated with hydrometeorological-related Natech events is crucial, particularly in the context of increasing climate change threats. Thus, A comprehensive review of risk management developments for hydrometeorological Natech events is essential to identify the research gaps and summarize the future direction. Aimed at achieving that purpose, this study was conducted to systematically review literature pertaining to hydrometeorological Natech events, conducting a comprehensive analysis to elucidate research trends, identify current knowledge gaps, and propose future research directions. The findings of this study would support risk managers and multi-stakeholders in developing effective Natech risk reduction strategies and climate change adaptation policies. Meanwhile, this study is expected to promote future research in risk management, causal mechanisms, and preparedness strategies for hydrometeorological Natech events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematizing risk assessment and responses to combustible dust from explosive characteristics","authors":"Yu-Chi Cheng ,&nbsp;Gan-Syue Guo ,&nbsp;Yih-Wen Wang ,&nbsp;Chi-Min Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2024.105475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A systematic approach to defining dust explosion risks is presented, utilizing key parameters: minimum ignition energy (<em>MIE</em>), minimum ignition temperature of dust clouds (<em>MITC</em>), minimum explosion concentration (<em>MEC</em>), maximum explosion overpressure (<em>P</em>_max), and the dust explosion characteristic index (<em>K</em>_st). These parameters form the basis for robustly assessing combustible dust explosion risks. Drawing on experimental findings, a safety evaluation method empowering plant operators to directly assess the safety of dust-handling processes was devised, ensuring effective dust explosion prevention. Evaluation of three common dust samples (aluminium, polyethene, and lycopodium) revealed varying explosion risks. Through comparative analysis with existing literature, this study aligns risk definitions, proposing a scoring method for process safety controls to effectively mitigate dust cloud explosion risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 105475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}