Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries最新文献

{"title":"An improved FMEA approach based on interval-valued spherical fuzzy sets and CODAS method for LNG tank safety analysis","authors":"Yang Yu ,&nbsp;Yuheng Yang ,&nbsp;Jianxing Yu ,&nbsp;Shibo Wu ,&nbsp;Qingze Zeng ,&nbsp;Hongyu Ding ,&nbsp;Jiandong Ma ,&nbsp;Qinghao Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG) as an efficient energy source is increasing. Still, its poor pressure resistance makes it prone to hazardous accidents and requires suitable risk assessment methods to identify storage leakage risk. Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is used as an important risk analysis tool to assess the failure modes of tank systems, but the traditional method has the potential to lead to inaccurate evaluation results. This paper proposes an improved FMEA approach based on the interval-valued spherical fuzzy set (IVSFS) and combinative distance-based assessment (CODAS) method for assessing storage safety. The CODAS method determines the risk prioritization, and expert linguistic evaluations are expressed by IVSFSs, which reduces the ambiguity of the evaluation information. The subjective and objective weights of risk factors are obtained by the extended level-based weight assessment (LBWA) and removal effects of criteria (MEREC) methods with IVSFS, respectively, which aggregate into synthetic weights. A new score function for IVSFS is proposed to improve discriminative power and simplify the calculation process. To clearly describe the specific implementation, the method was applied to assess the leakage risk of storage tanks at an LNG receiving terminal in China. The result illustrates that the highest level of risk is the appurtenant pipeline rupture, while the design defect is the lowest level of risk. The sensitivity analyses validated the flexibility of managing uncertain and complex expert assessments. Kendall's rank correlation coefficients and comparative analysis validated the feasibility and high discriminatory power of this approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 105679"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the effect of buildings and environmental factors in hazardous material transportation using multi-objective Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR)","authors":"Yiling Duan ,&nbsp;Shuaiyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Nitin Roy ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Road transportation is the primary method for transporting Hazardous Materials (HazMat). Its dynamic characteristics can randomly pose significant potential exposure risks to surrounding areas, including populations and buildings. Catastrophic events may occur under low-probability conditions, their consequences often exhibit asymmetric distributions, which traditional risk-averse models fail to quantify, especially in the tail of the risk distribution. Therefore, this study incorporates Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) into the model construction develops application scenarios considering uncertainties in the transportation environment, and introduces the concept of Building Index (BI) to assign differentiated weights to various building types, thereby quantitatively analyzing the population exposure risk in surrounding areas. The goal is to minimize exposure risks to buildings and area populations, as measured by CVaR, under specific BI and transportation budget constraints. A case study using data extracted from Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is conducted to evaluate and plan optimal routes for typical Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) distribution and retail scenarios in two cities of Jiangsu Province, China. The research findings indicate that the trade-off between transportation cost constraints and factors related to BI determines the optimal area population exposure risk measured by CVaR. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that CVaR-based optimization is superior to other risk-averse methods. This study provides valuable insights for transportation planners and regulatory authorities and supports the generation of optimal routing strategies based on decision-makers’ risk preferences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 105678"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated information mining in hazardous chemical accident reporting: An improved deep learning approach","authors":"Kai Zhao ,&nbsp;Lining Wan ,&nbsp;Xilei Lu ,&nbsp;Jun Zhao ,&nbsp;Fei Chen ,&nbsp;Miao He ,&nbsp;Jinhao Gao ,&nbsp;Qibo Wang ,&nbsp;Linlin Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mining and accumulating lessons learned from incident reports, accurately identifying and extracting accident knowledge, can help managers recognize patterns, analyze common attributes, and thus prevent the recurrence of similar incidents. Due to the limitations of unstructured or semi-structured text records, current hazardous chemical accident research heavily relies on expert evaluations, often resulting in inefficiency, lack of intelligence, and subjectivity. To overcome this limitation, we propose an accident analysis framework that combines deep learning-based Named Entity Recognition (NER) and topic mining algorithms. First, we employ a RoBERTa-BiLSTM-Attention-CRF method based on a pre-trained model to automatically recognize and extract information from accident reports according to predefined accident entities. Second, we construct a dictionary specific to the hazardous chemicals domain and apply the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model to analyze the causes of accidents within the “CAUSE” entity, thereby deriving the hazardous themes implied in the accidents. Finally, we validate the model on a self-constructed hazardous chemical named entity recognition incident report dataset (HCNER). The research findings indicate that the methodology proposed in this study effectively addresses the challenges associated with dispersed textual information, specialized terminology, and data formatting in the digital processing of hazardous chemical incidents. This advancement propels the development within the domain of hazardous chemical safety management and serves as a viable approach for investigating the causes of such incidents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 105660"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative risk assessment of a lab-scale hydrogen electrolyzer system","authors":"Ahmad Al-Douri ,&nbsp;Samantha Wismer ,&nbsp;Alejandro Jimenez ,&nbsp;Katrina M. Groth","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reliability of electrolyzers is important for the deployment of hydrogen technologies. In this work, we present a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) of a lab-scale proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer to determine potential release scenarios, probabilities, and consequences. We implemented a comprehensive QRA methodology using failure modes and effects analysis, HyRAM, fault trees, importance measures, and reliability data. We calculated scenario frequencies, consequences, and harm probabilities to calculate risk metrics for expected hydrogen releases. We identified explosions as the primary consequence of concern due to the release of hydrogen from the hydrogen-water separator. The most important basic events were external and internal leaks of hydrogen from the hydrogen-water separator as well as flow blockages (freezing, plugging) of process valves. Our analysis shows that the expected FAR for an electrolyzer is below the threshold for indoor hydrogen applications. Our QRA shows that risk can be reduced most effectively by preventing leaks and flow blockages from key components such as the stack, gas-water separators, and process valves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 105680"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An advanced methodology for probabilistic risk assessment under limited and uncertain data: Application to offshore accidents","authors":"U. Bhardwaj,&nbsp;A.P. Teixeira,&nbsp;C. Guedes Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper proposes an approach for estimating the probabilities of basic causes in an accident scenario using limited and uncertain data from multiple sources. The approach combines expert elicitation and Hierarchical Bayesian Analysis to address the source-to-source and data uncertainties in estimating the frequencies of basic events. The approach is applied to fire/explosion events in Floating Production Storage and Offloading installations. The proposed probabilistic methodology aggregates incidental data collected from specific and similar databases of the leading offshore safety regulators and subjective information provided by expert elicitation on the basic causes of the accident. The basic event frequencies are transformed into posterior probability distributions using Hierarchical Bayesian Analysis to estimate the probability of basic causes of fires/explosions in Floating Production Storage and Offloading installations. The results are compared with the traditional statistical approach of event frequency estimation, and the effectiveness of the proposed methodology is discussed. Applying this methodology is beneficial for better probabilistic modelling of accidents under limited and uncertain data from different sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 105666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on the thermal runaway behaviors of non-cylindrical and 18650 lithium-ion batteries used in energy storage systems","authors":"Lingzhu Gong ,&nbsp;Xin Lin ,&nbsp;Yujie Sun ,&nbsp;Gending Yu ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Shuo Zheng ,&nbsp;Jingling Li ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Chen ,&nbsp;Rongguo Chen ,&nbsp;Jiale Huang ,&nbsp;Yih-Shing Duh","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work integrates and assesses the thermal runaway features of non-cylindrical and 18650 lithium-ion batteries under the condition of external heating. Non-cylindrical batteries include large format (LF), prismatic, pouch, and smart phone lithium-ion batteries (SPLIB). Calorimetry can provide characterization data that includes exothermic onset temperature, crucial temperature, maximum temperature, maximum self-heat rate, quantity of non-condensable gas, and enthalpy change. Thermal runaway characteristics play a key role in analyzing and distinguishing these batteries. Most non-LiFePO₄ batteries act similarly with a maximum self-heat rate exceeding 5000 °C per minute and a crucial temperature occurring at approximately 200 °C. The 18650 LiFePO₄ battery has the highest exothermic onset temperature, the lowest maximum temperature, the lowest maximum self-heat rate, the least non-condensable gases, and the lowest enthalpy change, which indicates that it is relatively safer than others. However, the thermal hazard data among non-cylindrical lithium-ion batteries scattered due to differences in capacity, shape, and battery chemistry. This study provides a review of the recent state of the art and suggests future perspectives. A systematic database is provided by the extensive review of commercial batteries that experience thermal failures, which can be used to conduct extensive experiments, theoretical studies, and design safer batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 105668"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing hazardous exposure to suspended loads with nudge interventions","authors":"Samuël Costa ,&nbsp;Wouter Duyck ,&nbsp;Nicolas Dirix","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates nudging strategies' effectiveness in enhancing safety practices related to suspended loads in industrial settings. Three field experiments featuring social proof, friction and salience nudges revealed that all interventions effectively increased the distance to suspended loads, promoting safer practices among workers. The social proof experiment found displaying the amount of colleagues following safe pathways increases its usage. The friction experiment found nearby placement of no-touch tools to be more effective than supervisory communication. In the salience experiment, a light projection beneath suspended loads is found to significantly promote keeping distance. These effects persisted over an extended period, signifying long-term safety potential. A layered nudging approach, combining horizontal and vertical strategies, emerged as a key recommendation. Horizontal nudging aims to mitigate risks through multiple simultaneous nudges, while vertical nudging amplifies the impact through a sequence of nudges at different organizational layers. Integrating nudging into current safety practices, guided by cognitive frameworks, offers a holistic approach to safety enhancement. This research contributes practical insights for designing effective workplace safety initiatives, emphasizing the multifaceted nature of safety behavior and the importance of leveraging psychological principles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 105665"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industrial accidents triggered by flood events: lessons learned from case studies","authors":"Hao Sun ,&nbsp;Zongzhi Wu ,&nbsp;Ruipeng Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The frequent occurrence of extreme weather and geological disasters poses challenges to the safety production of chemical industrial parks. When these disasters affect chemical industrial parks, they are highly probability of fire and explosion-level accidents, known as Na-tech events. In this study, a Bowtie model was used to conduct in-depth analysis of the Arkema and La Plata accidents. It was found that the current risk assessment framework mainly focuses on assessing the risk of main equipment failure, while there is little attention paid to the evaluation of civil works and emergency equipment facilities involved in emergency rescue work. This lack of focus may have adverse effects on emergency rescue work after accidents occur. Based on lessons learned from typical cases, some suggestions are made for operators to consider civil works, public works, safety barriers and emergency facilities in risk assessment. In the event of an accident, a comprehensive and dynamic risk assessment of the chemical park can be conducted to assist emergency command personnel in making scientific and reasonable emergency decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 105667"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probability risk analysis of petrochemical storage tank areas considering the coupling effect of accident factors","authors":"Xue Li ,&nbsp;Wei'ao Liu ,&nbsp;Ning Zhou ,&nbsp;Bing Chen ,&nbsp;Xuanya Liu ,&nbsp;Xiongjun Yuan ,&nbsp;Weiqiu Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The quantitative analysis of accident risk in petrochemical storage tank areas is one of the main bases of petrochemical storage tank safety management. The study collected 225 accident reports from petrochemical storage tank areas and performed statistical analysis on the risk data obtained from these reports. The Apriori algorithm is used to mine strong association rules between basic events in the risk data. These association rules are then input as conditional probabilities into the Bayesian Network (BN) model, with directed edges representing the coupling relationships between accident factors. Then, using the constructed BN model, the impact of coupling effects on the failure probabilities of various accident causes and the probabilities of different accident consequences is quantitatively analyzed. In the case of considering coupling effects, the posterior probabilities of certain key events increase significantly. For example, in the analysis of explosion accident influencing factors, the posterior probability changes of \"Improper operation\" (Hu01) and \" Enterprise safety production main responsibility is not implemented\" (Mg07) increased significantly from 0.09 to 0.07 to 0.12 and 0.11, respectively. These changes emphasize the importance of considering coupling effects in petrochemical accident risk analysis. Without considering coupling effects, certain potential hazard factors are overlooked, leading to severe accident consequences. Therefore, considering the coupling effects between accident factors during risk assessment helps to analyze accident causes more accurately, enabling targeted preventive measures, such as strengthening operator training, regular equipment maintenance, and improving safety management systems, to reduce accident probability and mitigate consequences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 105663"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppression effects of PA@SH-SiC porous materials on hydrogen-air deflagration","authors":"Zhuohui Liang,&nbsp;Bin Zhang,&nbsp;Wanying Yue,&nbsp;Siqi Zhang,&nbsp;Yuanchen Xia,&nbsp;Boqiao Wang,&nbsp;Wenbin Zhu,&nbsp;Jinnan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To achieve effective suppression of hydrogen-air deflagration, a new deflagration-suppressing material PA@SH-SiC is formed by grafting a phosphorus-containing compound, phytic acid (PA), onto the surface of porous silicon carbide (SiC) using a self-assembly technique. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) results show that PA is successfully and uniformly grafted onto the SiC substrate. In a semi-open duct with dimensions of 130∗130∗820 mm, the effects of two deflagration-suppressing materials, SiC and PA@SH-SiC, are being investigated under three pore sizes (30, 40, 50 PPI) and two thicknesses (20, 40 mm), in response to hydrogen-air deflagration at different equivalence ratios (0.3, 0.4, 0.5). Experimental results show that PA@SH-SiC exhibits superior performance in hydrogen-air deflagration compared to using porous SiC alone, reducing explosion overpressure and flame propagation velocity while minimizing flame distortion. PA coating enhances the chemical suppression effect of SiC by generating HOPO and other groups through endothermic decomposition, which absorb critical radicals like H, O, and OH, thereby weakening chain reactions. Under equivalence ratios of 0.3 and 0.4, porous SiC with 50 PPI effectively blocks most of the flame, reducing explosion overpressure and flame propagation velocity. However, 30 and 40 PPI porous SiC exacerbate deflagration. With a pore size smaller than hydrogen's MESG, 50 PPI porous SiC predominantly exhibits quenching effects, thus suppressing deflagration under equivalence ratios of 0.3 and 0.4. At 30 and 40 PPI, the pore size of porous SiC is too large, resulting in insufficient quenching capability. Instead, the disturbance caused by this leads to elongation and wrinkling of the flame, thereby intensifying the downstream gas deflagration. Taking the 0.4 equivalence ratio conditions as an example, increasing the thickness of 50 PPI porous SiC enhances deflagration suppression. Conversely, increasing the thickness of 30 PPI SiC from 20 mm to 40 mm increases Flame propagation velocity peak (V_max) by 6.3 m/s and overpressure peak (P_max) by 2.82 kPa. This is due to under the conditions of 30 and 40 PPI, increasing the thickness is equivalent to increasing the volume blocking ratio of obstacles, thereby exacerbating the deflagration effect. In addition, under different equivalence ratios, there are differences in the energy release and reaction rates of combustion, which directly affect the deflagration suppression performance of the porous materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 105664"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}