Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis最新文献

{"title":"Response to the Letter by Mehta and Sah Regarding Article, Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes: The Role of Kidney Function.","authors":"Mee Kyoung Kim","doi":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.387","DOIUrl":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis","volume":"14 3","pages":"387-388"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triglycerides, Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins, and Remnant Cholesterol in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.","authors":"Sang-Ho Jo","doi":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.247","DOIUrl":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The roles of triglycerides (TGs), triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), and remnant cholesterol (RC) in cardiovascular disease have garnered increasing attention, particularly in light of the persistent residual cardiovascular risk that remains despite effective low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) management. Recent studies indicate that TGs and RC contribute to atherosclerosis independently of LDL-C. This review examines TG metabolism, the unique atherogenic properties of TRLs, and the mechanistic and clinical implications of RC in atherosclerosis. We critically evaluate whether TGs themselves are direct drivers of heart disease or whether the pathological effects arise mainly from TRL remnants and their cholesterol content. Furthermore, we review current and emerging therapeutic strategies targeting these lipid components and propose future directions for integrating TG and RC metrics into clinical risk management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis","volume":"14 3","pages":"247-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Genetic Variants and Circulating Biomarkers of Extracellular Matrix Remodelling in Indian Patients With Acute and Recurrent Myocardial Infarction.","authors":"Ritu Singh, Sana Tasnim, Sudhir Chandra, Roshnara Puthan Peedikakkal, Ankita Choudhary, Rajni Dawar, Parul Goyal, Mukesh Kumar Meena, Jayashree Bhattacharjee, Sanjay Tyagi","doi":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.339","DOIUrl":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Conventional risk factors only partially explain the rising incidence of myocardial infarction (MI). The effect of genetic polymorphisms of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling markers on atherosclerotic process and thereby, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) have not been much studied. This research examines the relationships of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP-9 (-1562 C/T and R279Q), MMP-3 (-1612 5A/6A), and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP) namely TIMP-1 (-372 T/C) in patients of acute (AMI) and recurrent myocardial infarction (RMI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study, conducted in an Indian population, included 200 consecutively enrolled patients presenting within 24 hours of MI, confirmed by clinical and diagnostic criteria, with exclusions for major comorbidities, and categorized into first-time AMI and RMI cases. SNPs were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Serum MMP-9, MMP-3 and TIMP-1 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed with significance level set at <i>p</i><0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significantly high levels of serum MMP-9 (62.87 vs. 60.76 vs. 60.77 pg/mL; <i>p</i>=0.045) was seen in AG phenotype of MMP-9 R279Q polymorphism compared to AA and GG phenotypes. AMI and RMI patients showed no significant difference in the distribution of SNP genotypes of MMP-9 R279Q (χ²=2.220, <i>p</i>=0.330), MMP-9 (-1562 C/T) (χ²=3.298, <i>p</i>=0.192), MMP-3 (-1612 5A/6A) (χ²=1.215, <i>p</i>=0.545) and TIMP-1 (-372 T/C) (χ²=0.005, <i>p</i>=0.997).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Genetic polymorphisms play a crucial role in regulating ECM marker levels and novel biomarkers, such as MMP-3, MMP-9, and TIMP-1, may be linked to MI susceptibility. Further research on therapeutic approaches targeting ECM remodelling could potentially improve MACE incidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis","volume":"14 3","pages":"339-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet in South Korea, 2024.","authors":"Osung Kwon, Sang-Yeub Lee, Bokyoung Kim, Kyungdo Han, Jihyun Ahn","doi":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.298","DOIUrl":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine the prevalence of dyslipidemia, evaluate management patterns, and explore related health behaviors among South Korean adults through an analysis of the 2024 Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2022) and the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (2002-2019) to assess lipid profiles, trends in prevalence, management indicators, and health behaviors in South Koreans aged 20 and over. The 2005 Korean demographic distribution was applied as the reference for age standardization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The crude prevalence of dyslipidemia during 2016-2022 was 40.9% under standard criteria, increasing to 47.4% when modified high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol criteria for women were applied. From 2007 to 2022, the age-adjusted prevalence of hypercholesterolemia rose markedly from 8.8% to 22.4%, while the crude prevalence reached 27.4%. Indicators of hypercholesterolemia management showed improvement, with awareness, treatment, and control rates of 68.0%, 61.2%, and 54.1%, respectively. Comorbidity analysis demonstrated a markedly higher prevalence of dyslipidemia in adults with diabetes (87.0%), hypertension (72.4%), and obesity (55.2%). Health behavior evaluation revealed suboptimal adherence to dietary and physical activity recommendations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite advances in detection and treatment, dyslipidemia remains highly prevalent in South Korea, particularly among individuals with metabolic comorbidities. Given the insufficient adherence to dietary and physical activity guidelines, strengthened strategies for prevention and management are warranted, with an emphasis on lifestyle modification and aggressive treatment approaches in high-risk groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":16284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis","volume":"14 3","pages":"298-311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter by İsa Ardahanlı Regarding Article, Association Between Nut Consumption and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults.","authors":"Murat Özmen, Faik Özel, Ramazan Aslan, İsa Ardahanlı","doi":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.389","DOIUrl":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.389","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis","volume":"14 3","pages":"389-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted Theranostic Strategy for Atherosclerotic Plaques Using Intravascular Multimodal Imaging Techniques.","authors":"Jin Hyuk Kim, Hongki Yoo, Kyeongsoon Park, Jin Won Kim","doi":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.258","DOIUrl":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease, is a leading cause of fatal cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction and stroke, primarily due to plaque rupture. The development of plaques is largely driven by the accumulation of macrophages and lipids within the arterial walls, which are central to the progression of atherosclerotic lesions and have emerged as potential therapeutic targets. However, current therapies cannot accurately target and resolve high-risk inflamed plaques, often leading to off-target damage to healthy vascular cells and increasing complications, such as thrombosis. Additionally, most theranostic strategies, which integrate both diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities, have primarily demonstrated efficacy in murine models, limiting their direct application to human coronary arteries. Recent advancements in targeted drug delivery and photoactivation strategies, combined with customized intravascular structural-molecular imaging, have shown significant promise in overcoming these challenges. Multimodal imaging techniques, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF), enable real-time visualization and the precise treatment of plaque inflammation. OCT offers high-resolution imaging of plaque structures, while NIRF detects inflammatory activity, enabling accurate localization of macrophage- and lipid-rich plaques. Following targeted delivery and uptake by plaque macrophages, these theranostic strategies can rapidly resolve plaque inflammation and promote stabilization through orchestrated therapeutic interactions. Accordingly, these clinically relevant theranostic strategies could offer a promising path toward personalized, imaging-guided therapies for human cardiovascular disease, potentially revolutionizing the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis","volume":"14 3","pages":"258-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Related to Suboptimal Adherence to Dyslipidemia Medication: An Exploration Using Nationally Representative Databases.","authors":"Jihye Shin, Taegyu Um, Sangyong Jo, Minkook Son","doi":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.312","DOIUrl":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Dyslipidemia is increasingly recognized as a prevalent chronic disease; however, treatment gaps and suboptimal medication adherence remain persistent challenges. Despite its clinical significance, relatively few studies have specifically addressed factors contributing to suboptimal adherence in dyslipidemia management. This study aims to identify clinical variables associated with suboptimal adherence to dyslipidemia medications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2010 to 2021 and the Korea Health Panel Survey from 2018. Complex sampling analysis was applied to obtain prevalence estimates representative of the national population. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with suboptimal adherence to dyslipidemia medication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with suboptimal adherence constituted 5.7% of the study population. Factors significantly associated with reduced adherence included age, duration since dyslipidemia diagnosis, and comorbid conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and depression. Additionally, sex-specific differences were noted, with depression, ischemic heart disease, and elevated hemoglobin levels impacting adherence differently by sex. Key reasons reported for suboptimal adherence included forgetting to take medication, symptom improvement, and concerns about medication-related health risks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies several clinical factors and reasons associated with suboptimal adherence to dyslipidemia treatment, highlighting differences within the general population and between sexes. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to enhance adherence and achieve optimal lipid management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis","volume":"14 3","pages":"312-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exhaled Breath Biomarkers Reflect the Inflammasome and Lipidome Changes in Ischemic Heart Disease: A Study Using Machine Learning Models and Network Analysis.","authors":"Basheer Abdullah Marzoog, Peter Chomakhidze, Daria Gognieva, Artemiy Silantyev, Alexander Suvorov, Anastasia Stroeva, Malika Mustafina, Alina Yur'evna Fedorova, Abram Syrkin, Philipp Kopylov","doi":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.350","DOIUrl":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To define relationships between lipidomics, inflammasome, and exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ischemic heart disease (IHD) and develop a VOC-based diagnostic machine learning model for non-invasive diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center prospective study involved 80 participants between 27 Oct 2023 and 11 Jun 2024: 31 with stress-computed tomography (CT) myocardial-perfusion-confirmed IHD and 49 perfusion-negative controls. All underwent stress CT perfusion, bicycle-ergometry, and breath collection at rest, peak exercise, and 3-minute recovery into a PTR-TOF-MS-1000. Lipid measurements were made (total, high-density lipoprotein [HDL]-, low-density lipoprotein [LDL]-, very LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B [ApoB], lipoprotein-a) and inflammatory biomarkers (interleukin-6, C-reactive protein). LASSO regression mapped VOC-biomarker associations. An XGBoost classifier integrating VOCs, lipidome, inflammasome, and lipid-lowering therapy status was evaluated with cross-validated Youden index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Controls showed minimal biomarker-VOC relationships. Patients exhibited significant lipid-VOC correlations, including HDL-C with m/z 49.995 (r=0.31) and an inverse correlation between total cholesterol and m/z 94.053 (r=-0.35). Key discriminative VOCs were 2-ethyl-2,5-dihydro-4,5-dimethylthiazole, HO3PS2, CH8N3P, and m/z 49.995. Exercise revealed dynamic ApoB and LDL interactions exclusive to IHD. Inflammasome had limited direct VOC links; IL-6 inversely correlated with total cholesterol in IHD, while CRP aligned with HDL in controls. The final model achieved: AUC 0.931 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.869-0.978), sensitivity 0.613 (95% CI, 0.435-0.793), specificity 1.000 (95% CI, 1.000-1.000), NPV 0.803 (95% CI, 0.692-0.903), PPV 1.000 (95% CI, 1.000-1.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exhaled VOC patterns reflect lipid dysregulation in IHD. Combined with lipid and inflammatory data, VOCs enable high-accuracy, non-invasive IHD discrimination, supporting breathomics as a promising diagnostic adjunct.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06181799.</p>","PeriodicalId":16284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis","volume":"14 3","pages":"350-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LASSO Regression Analysis: Applications in Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease Research.","authors":"Sang Gyu Kwak","doi":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.289","DOIUrl":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis are major contributors to cardiovascular disease (CVD), necessitating the development of effective risk assessment models. Traditional regression methods often encounter limitations in handling high-dimensional data and multicollinearity, highlighting the need for advanced statistical techniques. This study discusses the theoretical background of least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and presents an example of its use with data from the Framingham Heart Study to identify the most predictive clinical variables and construct a robust CVD risk prediction model. Data from patients with dyslipidemia were analyzed, including lipid profiles, inflammatory markers, and additional metabolic indicators. Model performance was evaluated using cross-validation and benchmarked against conventional regression approaches. LASSO regression effectively selected key predictors, such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and body mass index. The proposed model exhibited superior predictive accuracy and generalizability compared to traditional methods. LASSO regression is a valuable tool in cardiovascular research, offering improved variable selection and enhanced prediction performance. Its application in dyslipidemia-related CVD risk assessment holds promise for optimizing clinical decision-making and advancing personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis","volume":"14 3","pages":"289-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factor XI Deficiency in apoE/FXI Double-Knockout Mice Decreases Atherosclerosis by Lowering <i>MSR1</i> mRNA Expression Within the Plaque.","authors":"Reut Shnerb Ganor, Elvezia M Paraboschi, Duga Stefano, Dror Harats, Rosanna Asselta, Ginette Schiby, Gil S Leichner, Mika Anekstein Spigel, Ilia Tamarin, Michal Kandel Kfir, David M Steinberg, Aviv Shaish, Ophira Salomon","doi":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.372","DOIUrl":"10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Atherosclerosis remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality despite cholesterol-lowering drugs and risk factor management. In mice, the absence of coagulation factor XI (FXI) on an apolipoprotein E (apoE)^-/- genetic background has been shown to reduce atherosclerosis. This study examined the molecular pathways through which FXI influences the development of atherosclerosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Laser capture microdissection of plaques from the aortic sinus of apoE/factor XI double knockout (DKO) and apoE knockout (KO) mice was performed at 24 weeks. RNA-seq and the NanoString technique were used to analyze the extracted plaques. Immunohistochemical analysis of the atherosclerotic layers was also conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 15,353 expressed genes, 64 showed significant differences between the 2 groups. Gene set enrichment analysis, specifically targeting metabolic pathways, identified upregulation of 8 pathways in atherosclerotic plaques of apoE KO mice; seven of these pathways were classified as related to inflammatory processes. Using an immunological panel containing 547 genes linked to inflammatory and immunological processes, a statistically significant difference was observed in the expression of macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (<i>MSR1</i>) between DKO mice and apoE KO mice (adjusted <i>p</i>-value=0.0015).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Downregulated expression of <i>MSR1</i> within the atherosclerotic plaques of apoE/FXI DKO mice compared to apoE KO mice was associated with significantly reduced atherosclerosis. Targeting FXI may therefore represent a promising anti-atherogenic therapeutic strategy in addition to its known antithrombotic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":16284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis","volume":"14 3","pages":"372-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}