IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs最新文献

{"title":"Updating bridge axle loads using WIM in Switzerland","authors":"Matthew Sjaarda, A. Nussbaumer, D. Papastergiou","doi":"10.2749/ghent.2021.0748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0748","url":null,"abstract":"The Eurocode LM1 for traffic loads on bridges features side-by-side tandem axles, as well as uniformly distributed lane loads. This LM is mirrored in the Swiss code SIA 261, for new structures, as well as SIA 269, for existing structures, where updating is permitted based on existing traffic in the form of updated alpha factors, αQ1 and αQ2. The research herein uses an extensive WIM database to update alpha factors for Swiss traffic. For the first (slow) lane, this is done using simple block maxima of tandem axle statistics (daily, weekly, and yearly block maxima results are compared) with log-normal fitting to the extreme value statistic. For the second lane, a novel approach is used which reconstructs real multiple-presence scenarios from the WIM data to predict the total joint load across both lanes. The result of the single lane and joint analyses are recommended updated alpha factors reduced by a factor of one third as compared to those mandated for new construction.","PeriodicalId":162435,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121272673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Afsluitdijk climate resilient with XblocPlus","authors":"B. Reedijk, P. Bakker","doi":"10.2749/ghent.2021.0256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0256","url":null,"abstract":"The Afsluitdijk forms 32 km of the primary sea defence of the Netherlands. The Afsluitdijk was built as a closure dam in 1932 and separates the IJsselmeer from the Wadden-Sea and North Sea. Because of climate change the Afsluitdijk needs to be strengthened. A higher crest height is required to limit overtopping at higher water levels due to sea level rise. Heavier armour is required to protect the Afsluitdijk from higher wave heights. Because of the historic value of the Afsluitdijk, stringent architectural requirements are in place on the visual appearance of the dam after strengthening [1]. Therefore, a new concrete armour unit was developed to provide protection of the seaward side of the Afsluitdijk. This armour unit is called XblocPlus. The development of the armour unit is based on the breakwater armour unit Xbloc which has been applied since 2004. A saving of 56% on CO2 footprint was achieved compared to the Clients reference design.","PeriodicalId":162435,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126480050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updating of the corrosion degree based on visual data combined with strain or modal data","authors":"Eline Vereecken, W. Botte, R. Caspeele, G. Lombaert","doi":"10.2749/ghent.2021.1092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.1092","url":null,"abstract":"Many existing bridges are reaching the end of their technical service life. To estimate the remaining lifetime of reinforced concrete structures, it is important to assess the parameters of the corrosion process (i.e. parameters governing the corrosion propagation, but also parameters of the chloride or carbonation ingress). The level of corrosion and its spatial distribution can be inferred from strain data under static loading or modal data. In addition, information from visual inspections is often available as well, although not often used to quantify the level of corrosion. In this work, it is investigated how visual inspections can supplement the strain and/or modal data and provide information on corrosion parameters. The developed framework is applied to a simply supported beam subjected to corrosion.","PeriodicalId":162435,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128970570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A low-carbon, funicular concrete floor system: design and engineering of the HiLo floors","authors":"F. Ranaudo, T. Mele, P. Block","doi":"10.2749/ghent.2021.2016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.2016","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on the integrated computational design, engineering and construction of the concrete, rib-stiffened funicular floors of the HiLo research & innovation unit, built on the NEST platform in Dübendorf, Switzerland. These floors represent the first application of this innovative technology in a real project. The lightweight structural floors significantly reduce environmental impact and embodied carbon emissions, when compared to common reinforced concrete slabs, both by minimising material needs and by using a large percentage of recycled construction waste, thus additionally contributing to a circular economy in construction.","PeriodicalId":162435,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs","volume":"162 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129190219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Condition assessment, rehabilitation and upgradation of stadia in Delhi using modern technology","authors":"B. C. Roy, R. Ekambaram","doi":"10.2749/ghent.2021.1761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.1761","url":null,"abstract":"India organized the Commonwealth Games in New Delhi in 2010 for which some new stadia were built while some others were renovated. Delhi organized the Asian Games in 1982 successfully building new stadiums. The intervening period of over 25 years had witnessed major advancement in sports technology. Upgrading the stadia using advanced assessment methods and satisfy more stringent requirements were major challenges to ensure that their service lives are extended and that they remain versatile.The stadia remodelled/retrofitted were Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (JNS), Dr. S. P. Mukherjee Swimming Pool Complex, (SPM), Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium Complex (IG), and Major Dhyan Chand Stadium. In JNS, the centrepiece of the Games, the open spectator stands needed to be covered accommodating the constraints imposed by the existing playing field. SPM, which was open to sky, required an indoor facility. The IG indoor stadium, hosting gymnastics, required major repair and retrofitting. The paper details these efforts","PeriodicalId":162435,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116644290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wind response sensitivities of a long suspension bridge","authors":"Martin N. Svendsen","doi":"10.2749/ghent.2021.1675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.1675","url":null,"abstract":"The sensitivities of wind-induced design section forces in the main girder of a suspension bridge with a span greater than 1000m are determined under variation of 20 different wind response calculation parameters. The investigated parameters cover turbulence characteristics such as length scales and correlation decay constants, as well as aerodynamic properties of the structure including both static coefficients and aerodynamic derivatives. The response calculations are performed considering both fully correlated static mean wind effects as well as low-frequent quasi-static and resonant turbulence effects. The study further comprises a detailed assessment of the convergence of stresses in the main girder as a function of number of included eigenmodes. Additionally, a full multi-modal response calculation including aeroelastic coupling effects is performed to quantify the accuracy of the simpler mode-by-mode calculation method.","PeriodicalId":162435,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133122563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridge-vessel anti-collision monitoring system: design and implementation","authors":"Z. Shao, Haiying Ma, Ye Xia, D. Su","doi":"10.2749/ghent.2021.0534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0534","url":null,"abstract":"Shipping is an important mode of transportation. Due to the rapid development of shipping and the growth of cross channel bridges, vessel-bridge collision accidents have become a serious problem that threatens the safety of cross channel bridges. The active bridge-vessel anti-collision monitoring System is proposed to directly reduce the probability of ship collision accidents and avoid the problems such as economic loss and negative social impact caused by the accidents. The monitoring system monitors the bridge area. The dangerous ships are determined by analyzing the information such as the track; after that, the warning equipment such as sound and light is used to remind the unsafe ships to prevent the ship collision accident. This paper introduces an active bridge-vessel anti-collision monitoring System based on the NVIDIA development board.","PeriodicalId":162435,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133178525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural design criteria for road bridges made of UHPC large prefabricated parts - approaches to possible CO2 savings potential in bridge construction","authors":"Michael Olipitz","doi":"10.2749/ghent.2021.0605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0605","url":null,"abstract":"The future development of girder bridges is determined by the goals of more sustainable and more resource-efficient forms of construction, which can be achieved by optimizing material, structure and manufacture. The practice of early, costly repairs or replacement buildings, which has been common in reinforced concrete construction for decades, allows the realization to mature that the reinforced concrete material for heavily exposed structures in the infrastructure sector must be replaced by a more efficient material and its construction method. In materials research in the 21st century, the UHPC (ultra high performance concrete) has become the preferred option for constructive use in bridge construction and, when used appropriately, offers many possibilitiesThe UHPC combines the advantages of concrete construction with those of steel construction and is also more durable. The main focus is on the structural detailing and application of UHPC prefabricated parts appropriate to the material and the associated reduction in susceptibility to corrosion, the main disadvantage of concrete bridges.The use of UHPC-bridgefamilyIntegral in bridge construction should, in addition to a possible longer service life, primarily enable resource savings and the associated savings in CO2 consumption compared to reinforced concrete construction. For an example of 170m long span bridge structure, the article shows a comparison between the reinforced concrete construction and the UHPC construction, both in terms of mass and energy consumption.The structural optimization of the flat UHPC side wall is done on the one hand by adapting the panel thickness and by making targeted openings. In the following, some of the construction-specific details are presented, such as the fixture and the joint detail for decoupling the roadway plate and the longitudinal structure. The presented construction of the UHPC-bridgefamilyIntegral is intended on the one hand to show the optimization possibilities for girder bridges in the medium span range and on the other hand the advantages of UHPC in terms of sustainability and resource efficiency as well as the possibilities of an aesthetic formulation for future applications.","PeriodicalId":162435,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133030948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-use of a 300 m steel arch bridge","authors":"Daan Tjepkema, Sabine Delrue, F. D. Meijier, F. V. Dooren","doi":"10.2749/ghent.2021.0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0070","url":null,"abstract":"The Van Brienenoordbrug consists of two steel tied arch bridges of 300m span, the east was built in 1965 and the west arch was built in 1990. They carry the A16 highway, a crucial part of the Dutch infrastructure network near the port of Rotterdam. The west arch has been suffering from fatigue in the orthotropic deck and Arup was assigned by Rijkswaterstaat (Dutch highway authority), to design a renovation for the west arch. The renovation required a solution for the orthotropic deck and strengthening of the main load carrying structure. After extensive investigation of the renovation under traffic it was concluded the total execution time of 1.5 years and the accompanying safety risks made it not the best solution. Instead Arup proposed an alternative solution in which the wish for less hindrance aligned with the sustainable goals of both Arup and Rijkswaterstaat. Arup and RHDHV work in a joint venture, the Managing Contractor, on the renovation of steel bridges for RWS.","PeriodicalId":162435,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133934231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The assessment, strengthening and widening of Thames Bray Bridge","authors":"D. Collings","doi":"10.2749/ghent.2021.0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0109","url":null,"abstract":"The original Thames Bray Bridge was constructed between 1939 and 1961. It consists of a 112m long 82m span bridge. It was one of the UK’s first welded, stiffened, profiled plate girder bridge with a concrete deck connected with shear connectors. The bridge has undergone a number of inspections, assessments, strengthening and stiffening over the years. In 2015 planning for the upgrading of the highway to Smart Motorway status began. At Thames Bray Bridge there are no hard shoulders and so widening of the bridge was required. This paper outlines the strength assessment of the bridge, the assessment of resilience from failure of ties and of increased river flows due to climate change. It outlines the additional refined assessments carried out to more realistically estimate the capacity of the bridge. The paper outlines the local strengthening and the new asymmetric widening design that visually followed closely the original bridge.","PeriodicalId":162435,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123916820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}