Journal of Medical Case Reports最新文献

{"title":"Moist wound healing theory in neonatal aplasia cutis congenita: a case report.","authors":"Xiaoting Ke, Xiaoyan Zhao, A'fen Ding, Huayan Chen, Sufen Deng, Yanmei Zhou, Tingting Li","doi":"10.1186/s13256-026-06328-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13256-026-06328-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>This clinical case demonstrates complete epithelialization of a neonatal scalp defect through staged application of moist wound dressings (silver, foam, hydrogel) that controlled inflammation, managed exudate, and promoted granulation, achieving rapid healing with minimal scarring.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare developmental disorder with an estimated incidence of 0.5-1 per 10,000 live births. Currently, there is no standardized treatment protocol, especially for severe cases with potential skull exposure. The moist wound healing theory, which promotes cell migration and tissue regeneration by simulating physiological conditions, has recently demonstrated significant advantages in chronic wound management. This study presents a multidisciplinary approach to neonatal ACC management based on moist wound healing principles, providing novel insights for clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A male newborn of Han Chinese ethnicity, delivered at 38⁺⁵ weeks gestation with a birth weight of 2480 g (small-for-gestational-age), was admitted to the neonatology department 57 min after birth due to symmetrical full-thickness scalp defects. The defects measured 3.0 × 2.0 × 0.2 cm (length × width × depth), with a depressed wound base, no odor, no active bleeding, and intact skull. The Apgar scores were 10 at 1, 5, and 10 min, and laboratory findings were unremarkable. Based on classification criteria, the case was diagnosed as ACC Type II. The multidisciplinary team implemented a phased moist wound healing protocol, including antimicrobial moisturization, granulation tissue promotion, systemic support, and pain management. Complete epithelialization was achieved within 12 days without eschar formation, and no recurrence was observed at the 1-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case demonstrates that a phased, multidisciplinary management strategy based on moist wound healing theory can effectively promote healing in neonatal ACC, avoiding the infection risks and secondary trauma associated with traditional dry eschar formation. The protocol significantly improved healing quality and the patient's treatment experience, highlighting its considerable potential for broad clinical adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":16236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Case Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mondor's disease of the breast in a patient living with sickle cell disease: a case report.","authors":"Jochebed Adwoa Sutherland, James Kojo Prah, Mary Amoakoh-Coleman","doi":"10.1186/s13256-026-06358-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13256-026-06358-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mondor's disease of the breast is a rare benign clinical condition characterised by sclerosing thrombophlebitis occurring in subcutaneous veins of the breast. Typically, a tender, palpable cord in the affected quadrant of the breast is found on physical examination. Ultrasonography is the primary imaging modality for confirming the diagnosis following clinical suspicion.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>This paper reviews the case of a 42 year old Ghanaian female living with sickle cell disease (genotype SS) who reported with a week's history of bilateral breast pain and lumps in her left breast. Physical examination revealed pendulous symmetrical breasts with a palpable thickened cord and mild peau d'orange change of the overlying skin in the upper inner quadrant of the left breast. Ultrasound of the left breast showed a tubular, hypoechoic structure located within the subcutaneous plane, following the course of a superficial vein.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mondor's disease of the breast, diagnosed mainly with ultrasonography, though a rare cause of breast pain, still needs heightened awareness among clinicians in Ghana. Most cases are idiopathic with patients going on to full recovery with resolution of the Mondor's cord and pain. Greater representation of benign and malignant breast pathologies in darker skin tones within medical literature may enhance clinician awareness and reduce potential disparities in early detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":16236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Case Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transnasal endoscopy and the use of virtual reality: a case report.","authors":"Vrinda Bhardwaj, Chelsea C Okoro, Saloni Dangoria, Jeffrey I Gold","doi":"10.1186/s13256-026-06279-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13256-026-06279-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children diagnosed with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) often require repeated esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) procedures to monitor disease progression and treatment response. These procedures typically involve general anesthesia, which is associated with short-term side effects and potential long-term risks. Transnasal endoscopy (TNE) has emerged as a less invasive alternative to EGD that can be performed without anesthesia. The use of virtual reality (VR) during TNE eliminates anesthesia exposure in patients requiring repeated EGD, while enhancing patient comfort and procedural success.</p><p><strong>Case presentations: </strong>The objective of this case study is to detail the experience of a 12-year-old, Caucasian, male patient diagnosed with EoE. The patient previously underwent multiple EGD procedures to monitor disease progression, resulting in repeated anesthesia exposures. In hopes of reducing anesthesia exposure, the patient and their family opted to explore sedation-sparing alternatives to EGD, marking the patients first TNE. Despite high baseline anxiety, the patient tolerated their initial TNE procedure without vomiting or gagging, required less than one hour in the clinic per visit, experienced no post-procedural recovery time, and requested VR for follow-up TNE procedures. Utilizing VR enabled a successful, sedation-free TNE in a highly anxious pediatric patient, supporting VR as an effective sedation-sparing substitute for painful procedures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the potential of VR as a non-pharmacologic tool to enhance the tolerability of TNE in pediatric patients, thereby minimizing sedation-associated health risks in children requiring frequent endoscopic monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":16236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Case Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13393687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinically presumed primary malignant melanoma of the parotid gland with extensive cervical lymph node metastasis: a case report.","authors":"Xinran Lin, Yafang Zhou, Minge Li, Yujie Ma, Xuewen Yang","doi":"10.1186/s13256-026-06399-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13256-026-06399-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary malignant melanoma of the parotid gland (PMMPG) is an exceedingly rare neoplasm, accounting for < 0.7% of all parotid malignancies. Differentiating it from metastatic melanoma to the parotid is clinically critical but diagnostically challenging.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 62-year-old Chinese man presented with a 6-month history of a painless, enlarging left parotid mass. Extensive physical examination and imaging (CT and MRI) of the head, neck, and chest revealed no extraparotid primary lesion. Core needle biopsy and immunohistochemistry (S100+, HMB45+, MelanA+, Ki-67 ~ 50%) confirmed malignant melanoma. He underwent total parotidectomy with comprehensive neck dissection (levels I-V). The marginal mandibular branch was sacrificed because it was encased by tumor; other branches were preserved. Pathology confirmed a 32 × 25 × 23 mm melanoma with invasion into adjacent salivary tissue and metastasis in 14 of 48 cervical nodes; intraparotid nodes were negative. Postoperatively, the patient developed incomplete eyelid closure and lower lip weakness (planned nerve sacrifice plus traction neuropraxia). Adjuvant radiotherapy was advised, but the patient was lost to follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinically presumed primary parotid melanoma should be considered in a parotid mass without an identifiable primary site. Complete surgical resection with appropriate neck dissection remains the mainstay. A high Ki-67 index and extensive nodal metastasis predict poor prognosis, underscoring the need for adjuvant therapy and close surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Case Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of severe tardive dyskinesia induced by arpiprazole in a schizophrenic patient: a case report.","authors":"Farzad Fayedeh, Mahya Mojahedi, Danial Gharaie Amirabadi","doi":"10.1186/s13256-026-06384-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-026-06384-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a disabling movement disorder induced by prolonged administration of dopamine receptor-blocking agents, primarily high-potency first-generation antipsychotics.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 32-year-old Iranian male patient with schizophrenia who developed TD following treatment with the second-generation antipsychotic aripiprazole. The patient experienced involuntary facial and jaw movements that started about four weeks after he abruptly discontinued the drug on his own. While there was a generally reduced risk of extrapyramidal symptoms with second-generation antipsychotics, the patient's symptoms were clinically significant and impacted his quality of life. Initial management efforts were not beneficial; however, after adjustment of the previous antipsychotic therapy and introduction of tetrabenazine, a VMAT2 inhibitor approved for TD, the patient showed marked symptomatic improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case emphasizes clinical awareness of the possibility of risk for tardive dyskinesia despite atypical antipsychotics such as aripiprazole and the therapeutic value of tetrabenazine as an important treatment option for this intractable condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":16236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Case Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148536022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent psoriatic arthritis and autoimmune hepatitis in a patient with psoriasis: a case report.","authors":"Yazan AlHabil, Nael Arr, Mustafa A Shahrori, Gabriel S Breuer","doi":"10.1186/s13256-026-06388-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13256-026-06388-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune skin disorder that can be associated with systemic comorbidities, including psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The coexistence of psoriasis, PsA, and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is uncommon and may present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This case report highlights a patient with psoriasis who developed both PsA and AIH without prior immunosuppressive therapy.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 57-year-old Palestinian woman with longstanding plaque psoriasis presented with worsening skin lesions, progressive arthralgia involving both knees and ankles, chronic inflammatory low back pain, and persistently abnormal liver biochemistry. She had been diagnosed with psoriasis at age 49, which had been resistant to various treatments, including topical corticosteroids and phototherapy. One year before presentation, the patient developed progressive arthralgia, particularly in the knees, ankles, and lower back. Physical examination revealed swollen joints and limited range of motion. Laboratory tests indicated elevated liver enzymes, and autoimmune panel results were positive for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA), raising suspicion for autoimmune hepatitis. A liver biopsy confirmed type 1 AIH, characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and plasma cell predominance. Cyclosporine 100 mg daily was initiated, atorvastatin was discontinued, and the patient was monitored clinically and biochemically. After 6 weeks, psoriasis severity improved markedly, joint symptoms decreased, and liver enzyme levels normalized. No treatment-related adverse effects were documented during the reported follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the importance of considering autoimmune hepatitis in patients with psoriatic disease who develop persistent liver enzyme abnormalities, even in the absence of prior systemic immunosuppressive therapy. A multidisciplinary approach is important in such complex presentations, and cyclosporine may be a useful therapeutic option in selected patients requiring concomitant control of dermatologic, rheumatologic, and hepatic disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":16236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Case Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent paratesticular aggressive angiomyxoma in an elderly patient: a rare case report.","authors":"Ahmed Chaabouni, Wafa Elleuch, Mahmoud Ghozzia, Idriss Mhamdi Aloui, Nouri Rebai, Mourad Hadj Slimen","doi":"10.1186/s13256-026-06383-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13256-026-06383-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor with local infiltrative potential and a high risk of local recurrence. Its occurrence in the paratesticular region is exceptional. We report the case of an 86-year-old male patient, with no significant past medical history, managed in our Urology Department for a recurrent paratesticular aggressive angiomyxoma. The patient underwent surgery three times for successive local recurrences, which were histologically confirmed. The current evolution is marked by a small, asymptomatic local recurrence under surveillance. This case illustrates the diagnostic difficulty, the complex surgical management, and the importance of prolonged follow-up for this rare entity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Case Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148536081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cabozantinib-related pneumothorax in responsive patients with renal cell carcinoma: a case report.","authors":"Keiko Kodaka, Toru Inakawa, Hidekazu Kuramochi","doi":"10.1186/s13256-026-06030-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13256-026-06030-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cabozantinib is a multi-kinase inhibitor that has been shown to be effective in the treatment of unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma and unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma that worsened after anticancer drug therapy. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are known to suppress tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Furthermore, cabozantinib possesses inhibitory effects against AXL and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) not seen with other TKIs. Consequently, cabozantinib may exhibit stronger anti-angiogenic activity than other vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) inhibitors. We report our experience with two cases of pneumothorax presumed to be related to cabozantinib in patients with renal cell carcinoma presenting with lung metastases.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 59-year-old-asian-woman with renal cell carcinoma developed pneumothorax 4 months after starting cabozantinib. After drainage and subsequent bronchial embolization, cabozantinib was resumed, but the patient developed a contralateral pneumothorax. There was inadequate improvement despite multiple adhesive therapies; therefore, repeat bronchial embolization was performed. A 42-year-old-Asian-man with renal cell carcinoma developed a refractory pneumothorax 10 months after starting cabozantinib, which required drainage for 3 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although drug treatment of kidney cancer with cabozantinib has made great progress in recent years, more careful symptomatic monitoring is needed for adverse events associated with this drug. Our results suggest the need to pay attention to the occurrence of pneumothorax, although it is rare.</p>","PeriodicalId":16236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Case Reports","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148536045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncocytic lipoadenoma of the parotid presenting as an unusual neck mass: a case report.","authors":"Somayeh Sheidaei, Mahdi Naeimaei Aali, Saman Rezaei","doi":"10.1186/s13256-026-06377-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13256-026-06377-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oncocytic lipoadenoma is an extremely rare benign tumor of the salivary glands, with fewer than 50 cases reported in the literature. Most cases occur in the parotid gland, with atypical locations presenting diagnostic challenges.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a case of a 53-year-old Iranian man presenting with a large parapharyngeal mass originating from the deep lobe of the parotid gland. The patient had a 7-year history of a slowly enlarging, painless swelling, with recent onset of dysphagia, dyspnea, and choking sensation. MRI revealed a giant 10 × 7.4 × 3.5 cm mass in the left deep parotid extending to the parapharyngeal space, causing severe airway compression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our case highlights the importance of considering oncocytic lipoadenoma in the differential diagnosis of parapharyngeal masses and emphasizes the need for thorough histological examination. It contributes to the limited literature on this rare tumor and illustrates the potential for atypical presentations and growth patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":16236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Case Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A presentation of spinal epidural abscess in a seven-year-old VACTERL patient: a case report.","authors":"Sarah Kebbeh, Sana Masoud, Mary Alakkash, Manar Abdullah","doi":"10.1186/s13256-026-06356-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13256-026-06356-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spinal epidural abscess is a rare but potentially life-threatening infection of the central nervous system. VACTERL association is a rare congenital condition characterized by vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheoesophageal, renal, and limb anomalies.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a 7-year-old Arab male with VACTERL association presenting with back pain, fever, and gait difficulty. Laboratory studies showed leukocytosis (27 × 10⁹/L) and anemia (Hb 9 g/dL). MRI revealed multiloculated cystic lesions with thick walls and mixed fluid-gas content extending from T4 to L5, forming an extensive epidural abscess with paraspinal extension and vertebral erosions. The patient was treated with intravenous vancomycin, metronidazole, and imipenem, followed by surgical drainage and local vancomycin irrigation. Clinical condition improved markedly, and he was discharged after two months in good health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of SEA in children with complex congenital anomalies and emphasizes the importance of early recognition and multidisciplinary management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Case Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}