Journal of lasers in medical sciences最新文献

{"title":"Temperature Rise and Pain Following the Use of 810 and 980 nm Diode Lasers for Second-Stage Dental Implant Surgery: A Clinical Trial.","authors":"Bahareh Hosseini Mehvar, Arash Azizi, Shirin Lavaf, Ardavan Etemadi, Ali Hassani","doi":"10.34172/jlms.2024.29","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jlms.2024.29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Many surgical procedures in a soft tissue are performed using diodes lasers. This study aimed to assess the temperature rise and pain following the use of 810 and 980 nm diode lasers for second-stage dental implant surgery. <b>Methods:</b> This clinical trial was conducted on 24 osseointegrated dental implants that were randomly divided into two groups of 810 nm and 980 nm diode lasers. The temperature rise in each group was measured right after uncovering by the laser and 15 minutes later by a thermocouple, compared with the baseline temperature of gingival tissue. The level of pain was also measured at 24 hours postoperatively by using a visual analog scale. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey's test, and <i>t</i> test (alpha=0.05). <b>Results:</b> Within-group comparisons by ANOVA showed a significant difference in tissue temperature between the three time points in both groups (<i>P</i><0.0001). Pairwise comparisons by Tukey's test showed that the temperature at baseline (<i>P</i><0.0001) and 15 seconds after uncovering was significantly lower than that immediately after uncovering in both groups (<i>P</i><0.0001). The mean tissue temperature and the mean pain score in the 980 nm laser group were significantly higher than the corresponding values in the 810 nm laser group (<i>P</i><0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> According to the results, temperature rise in the use of the 980 nm laser was higher than the 810 nm laser. The use of 810 nm diode laser was associated with lower temperature rise and significantly lower pain score after 24 hours.</p>","PeriodicalId":16224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lasers in medical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11345799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Laser Treatment of Root Dentine on Retention of Dental Fiber Post in Endodontically Treated Teeth: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Rawaa Abdul Hadi Ahmed, Basima Mohammed Ali Hussein","doi":"10.34172/jlms.2024.28","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jlms.2024.28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The most common causes of fiber post-failure are inadequate restorations and dislodgement. This study aimed to evaluate fiber post-bond strength to dentin following Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 65 human mandibular premolars with single roots were included. The 14 mm root length was instrumented with the rotary system using the crown-down technique. Gutta-percha was used for obturation, followed by conventional post space preparation. The samples were divided into two major groups: control (A) and Er,Cr:YSGG (2780 nm) laser group (B). The laser group was subdivided into (B1) 1.25 W, (B2) 1.5 W, and (B3) 1.75 W. All laser groups were set at 20 Hz, 10% and 30% water/air ratio. Fiber posts were cemented with selfadhesive cement. Each sample was divided horizontally into two slices, coronal and apical. The universal testing equipment was used to conduct a push-out test. All groups were examined by SEM and temperature changes. The statistical analysis was performed by using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. <b>Results:</b> SEM images of all laser groups revealed the elimination of the smear layer and opened dentinal tubules, which was particularly noticeable in the apical region with no thermal risk to the periodontal tissue. In the push-out test, all laser groups had highly significant (<i>P</i><0.001) increases in the bond strength of fiber post to dentin. The failure mode of the control group was a predominantly adhesive failure, whereas the laser groups were a predominantly mixed type. <b>Conclusion:</b> The three laser protocols can be used safely in the surface treatment of the fiber post space of endodontically treated teeth. Laser help to increase the bond strength of fiber post to dentin, especially in the apical area.</p>","PeriodicalId":16224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lasers in medical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11345800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of NB-UVB Effects on Skin of Atopic Dermatitis Patients: A Network Analysis.","authors":"Mostafa Rezaei Tavirani, Fatemeh Bandarian, Farideh Razi, Zahra Razzaghi, Babak Arjmand, Mohammad Rostami Nejad","doi":"10.34172/jlms.2024.27","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jlms.2024.27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin disease which is treated with narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB). Exploring the critical targeted genes in patients by UV radiation is the main aim of this study. <b>Methods:</b> Gene expression profiles of lesional and non-lesional skin samples of atopic dermatitis patients after treatment with NB-UVB and the non-irradiated samples were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed via protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis to find the critical targeted genes. <b>Results:</b> A total of 357 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were included in the PPI network. CTNNB1, SRSF1, YWHAB, SMC3, GNB2, ARF3, UBL7, RAB2A, YWHAE, EIF5B, SNRPE, PPIG, RC3H2, CFL1, SMARCB1. LAPTM5, PRPF40A, and RBBP4 were introduced as hub-bottlenecks. <b>Conclusion:</b> In conclusion, five central genes including SMC3, ARF3, EIF5B, SMARCB1, and LAPTM5 were highlighted as the critical genes in response to NB-UVB radiation in the skin of the treated atopic dermatitis patients. The introduced crucial genes are involved in essential cellular functions such as apoptosis, cell cycle, cell proliferation, and inflammation. It seems that applied NB-UVB radiation is a suitable therapeutic method for atopic dermatitis disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":16224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lasers in medical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11345801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report: The Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy and Amniotic Fluid Gel on a Severe Diabetic Foot Ulcer.","authors":"Elahe Motamedi Nasab, Joe DiDuro, Mohammad Bayat, Fatemeh Zare, Roya Derakhshan, Maryam Rahmannia, Ladan Arab Yaqoubi, Mohammad Javad Fredoni, Houssein Ahmadi, Mohammad Hossein Heidari, Babak Sabet","doi":"10.34172/jlms.2024.25","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jlms.2024.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Diabetic patients frequently experience a serious complication known as impaired wound healing, which increases the likelihood of foot infection and limb amputation. Investigators have been looking for novel methods to treat diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) recently. <b>Case Report:</b> A 75-year-old woman with type one diabetes mellitus (DM) has been accepted. There was a sizable (40 cm² full-thickness cutaneous wound) in the plantar part of her right foot (Wagner Ulcer Grade Classification System: grade 3) which had not been treated by the usual treatment for DFUs. In this present case, we used amniotic fluid gel (AF gel) and photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) (400 mW/cm²; 810 nm, once a week for 16 weeks) to treat and speed up the healing of a harsh DFU. The size of the ulcer area significantly decreased as combination therapy progressed, and within 16 weeks, the wound was healed and the pain was reduced. <b>Conclusion:</b> This revealed contextual analysis demonstrated the useful effect of the mix of PBMT and AF gel on a serious DFU. To confirm the findings, we recommend conducting additional clinical trials in a clinical setting. In addition, it is recommended that additional research using preclinical models uncover the mechanism of action of the combination therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lasers in medical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11345798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of 532-nm Nd: YAG Fractional Picosecond Laser with 9 mm High Coverage Handpiece Micro Lens Array in the Treatment of Facial Partial Unilateral Lentiginosis: A Case Report.","authors":"Suparuj Lueangarun, Therdpong Tempark","doi":"10.34172/jlms.2024.24","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jlms.2024.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Facial partial unilateral lentiginosis (PUL) is an infrequent skin pigmentation disorder characterized by multiple lentigines. Despite the availability of various treatment modalities, there is no standard treatment for PUL. This study reports a successful treatment of facial PUL in a female patient using a novel 532-nm Nd:YAG fractional picosecond laser (FPL). <b>Case Report:</b> The patient underwent four treatment sessions at four-week intervals. The treatments were administered using a 9 mm high coverage handpiece micro lens array (MLA), with a fluence of 0.2-0.4 J/cm², a frequency of 2 Hz for 2-3 passes, and approximately 10% overlap. The treatment was well-tolerated by the patient, with significant improvement in pigmentation and no significant side effects observed. The outcomes confirmed the efficacy of the 532-nm Nd:YAG FPL in treating facial PUL. <b>Conclusion:</b> The 532-nm Nd:YAG FPL appears to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for facial PUL, offering significant improvement in pigmentation without notable side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":16224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lasers in medical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11345796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy Evaluation of Treatment of Psoriasis Via Narrow Band-Ultraviolet Radiation.","authors":"Mohammad Rostami Nejad, Reza M Robati, Zahra Razzaghi, Babak Arjmand, Fatemeh Montazer, Fatemeh Bandarian, Farideh Razi, Mostafa Rezaei Tavirani","doi":"10.34172/jlms.2024.26","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jlms.2024.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Psoriasis is a common autoimmune skin disease associated with genetically influenced chronic inflammation accompanied by remitting and deteriorating scaly skin. T-cell targeted biologics, IL-17 inhibitors, IL-12/IL-23 inhibitors, TNF-α inhibitors, PDE4 inhibitors, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation are applied to treat psoriasis. Efficacy evaluation of narrow band UVB (NB-UVB) radiation was the aim of this study. <b>Methods:</b> Data were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and were pre-evaluated via the GEO2R program. The significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were included in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. The hubs, bottlenecks, and hub-bottleneck DEGs were introduced as central genes. Activation, inhibition, and expression relationship between central genes were assessed to explore the critical individuals. <b>Results:</b> Among 513 analyzed significant DEGs, 22 hub-bottleneck genes were identified. Further analysis revealed that FN1, STAT3, HIF1A, IL1B, P4HB, SOD2, MMP2, and STAT1 were the crucial genes in psoriasis samples targeted by NB-UVB radiation. <b>Conclusion:</b> In conclusion, NB-UVB radiation as a treatment targets critical genes in peri-lesion skin tissue biopsy of psoriasis patients via a complicated mechanism. This therapeutic method downregulates STAT3, HIF1A, IL1B, and P4HB to treat psoriasis but downregulates STAT1 and SOD2 and upregulates MMP2 and FN1 to develop disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":16224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lasers in medical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11345797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Laser and Microwave in Treatment of Endocrine Disorders: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Giti Noghabaei, Alireza Ahmadzadeh, Fatemeh Pouran, Amirmohsen Mahdavian, Mitra Rezaei, Mohammadreza Razzaghi, Vahid Mansouri, Farajolah Maleki","doi":"10.34172/jlms.2024.23","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jlms.2024.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The treatment of endocrine problems like thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) faces significant challenges so that medical professionals worldwide try to find a new therapeutic approach. However, along with common treatments which include medications, hormone replacement therapy, and surgery; there is a growing interest in alternative therapies like laser therapy, which offers a non-invasive and unique technique for treating endocrine disorders alone or in combination with traditional methods. The main goal of this review was to do a systematic review on the role of the laser and Microwave in the treatment endocrine disorders. <b>Methods:</b> In the present systematic review, the most important databases, including PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, were searched for the studies examining the effect of lasers on the treatment of endocrine problems by using appropriate keywords and specific strategies from 1995 to 2023. All the studies that were not about lasers and endocrine were excluded. <b>Results:</b> Based on 51 reviewed studies, lasers and radiofrequency ablation such as RFA are effective in the treatment of thyroid diseases, hyperparathyroidism, pancreatic disorders, and sexual dysfunctions. Laser-induced interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) and microwave ablation (MWA) are genuine minimally invasive methods for the treatment of benign nodules, adenomas, and tumor ablation including pancreatic carcinomas and adrenal tumors. Intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) which uses red, UV, and blue light could be effective in treating various metabolic disorders, such as DM. <b>Conclusion:</b> Laser as a cutting-edge and minimally invasive approach could treat various endocrine disorders. It has a great potential to treat and regulate hormonal imbalances, decrease inflammation, and relieve symptoms of various ailments, such as endocrine disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":16224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lasers in medical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11345803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142073014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Photobiomodulation on the Conditioned Media of 3T3-L1 Cells in the Treatment of Breast Cancer.","authors":"Maryam Sinaei, Saba Sekhavat, Jaber Zafari, Atousa Moradzadegan","doi":"10.34172/jlms.2024.22","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jlms.2024.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Breast cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignancies, and its prompt diagnosis significantly amplifies the prospects of successful treatment. Approximately one in seven women will experience a breast cancer diagnosis in their lifetime. Stromal cells and their secreted factors exert various effects on tumor growth, impacting proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Research has emphasized the significant impact of proteins secreted by adipose tissue on breast cancer proliferation, surpassing the influence of factors released by other cell types. Yet, the specific transcription factors and cofactors involved in adipokine expression in the tumor microenvironment remain enigmatic. <b>Methods:</b> In this study, adipocyte cells were cultured and exposed to 980 nm and 650 nm Photobiomodulation. The MDA-MD-231 cells (triple negative cancer cell line) were cultured with a conditioned medium from laser-treated cells. The real-time assay was employed to analyze the gene expression level changes involved in apoptosis. <b>Results:</b> Results showed that the irradiated conditioned medium at 980 nm and 650 nm caused a reduction in cell viability of cancer cells. Conversely, the conditioned medium from the irradiated cells triggered an increase in the expression of <i>Caspase 3</i>, <i>Caspase 9</i>, and <i>BAX2</i> genes, alongside a decrease in <i>BCL2</i> gene expression. <b>Conclusion:</b> The findings highlighted the potential of the laser-treated conditioned medium to induce apoptosis pathways in cancer cells, demonstrating a promising avenue for further research in utilizing low-level laser therapy in breast cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lasers in medical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11345795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142073013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Photobiomodulation and <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> on THP-1 Derived Macrophage Polarization Treated with Gliadin Peptide.","authors":"Somayeh Jahani-Sherafat, Sara Mollaghaei, Nastaran Asri, Mostafa Rezaei Tavirani, Kaveh Baghaei, Mohammad Rostami-Nejad","doi":"10.34172/jlms.2024.21","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jlms.2024.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Photobiomodulation (PBM) and <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> have been shown to be effective in improving inflammatory conditions with positive effects on increasing the population of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages (MQs). In this study, gliadin-stimulated THP-1 derived MQs were treated with <i>A. muciniphila</i> and PBM to evaluate their effects on promoting the polarization of M2 MQs. <b>Methods:</b> The human monocyte cell line (THP-1) was differentiated to MQs. MQs were stimulated with 200 μg/mL gliadin for 24 hours and then treated with PBM 810 nm alone and in combination with <i>A. muciniphila</i> for the following 24 hours to evaluate their effects on MQs polarization. THP-1 derived MQs were also treated with PBM and <i>A. muciniphila</i> to evaluate their effects on non-stimulated MQs. CD11b, CD80, and CD206 levels were evaluated by using the flow cytometry technique. Moreover, the expression of some M1 and M2-related cytokines was determined. <b>Results:</b> PBM therapy of gliadin-stimulated MQs decreased IL-6 and increased TGF-β, IL-10 and TNF-α expression compared with gliadin exposed MQs. PBM along with <i>A. muciniphila</i> treatment induced IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 expression in MQs in comparison to the untreated group. It also elevated TGF-β, IL-10 and TNF-α levels in gliadin-triggered MQs in comparison to gliadin-stimulated MQ cells. <b>Conclusion:</b> The result of this study showed the potential of PBMT and <i>A. muciniphila</i> for modulating inflammatory responses and MQs polarization. This may open new perspectives to find possible therapeutic targets for celiac diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lasers in medical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11345802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Recovery Time Effects on Human Primary Neonatal Dermal Fibroblasts After Exposure to Solar-Simulated Ultraviolet Radiation.","authors":"Fatemeh Bandarian, Farideh Razi, Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani, Babak Arjmand, Somayeh Jahani Sherafat, Mohammad Rostami Nejad","doi":"10.34172/jlms.2024.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2024.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Photoaging that is accompanied by gene expression alteration is known as early aging of the skin due to overexposure to natural and/or artificial ultraviolet radiation (UVR). The assessment of gene expression alteration in human primary neonatal dermal fibroblasts depending on recovery time after exposure to solar simulated ultraviolet radiation (ssUVR) is the main aim of this bioinformatic study. <b>Methods:</b> Data are extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The pre-evaluation is done via the GEO2R program. The Significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were assessed via protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and the central genes were identified. The central genes were enriched via gene ontology assessment. <b>Results:</b> Among 224 significant DEGs, 20 central genes including TOP2A, MKI67, BRCA1, HELLS, MAD2L1, ANLN, KIF11, MSH2, KRAS, NCAPG, RFC3, PLK4, WDHD1, BLM, CDKN3, KIF15, SMARCA5, and ATAD2 as hub genes and TOP2A, MKI67, BRCA1, ANLN, KRAS, PLK4, SMARCA5, MMP2, and TLR4 as bottleneck genes were determined. Eight central genes were associated with 16 biological terms. <b>Conclusion:</b> In conclusion, significant differences appeared between gene expression conditions of the cells after 1-day and 5-day recovery. Molecular events include the repair and continuation of photodamages. It is possible to introduce drug targets to prevent the progress of induced damages.</p>","PeriodicalId":16224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lasers in medical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}