Journal of Medical and Health Studies最新文献

{"title":"Association between Prenatal Control and the Incidence of Preeclampsia in Ecuadorian Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Karina Tite-Tibanquiza, Irina Guzmán-Chávez, Luis Dutan-Yupangui, María del Cisne Quito-Cabrera","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertensive disorders are one of the main complications that affect pregnancy, which makes them one of the most important causes of high maternal and fetal morbimortality. Approximately 80% of cases occur at term gestational age, while the remaining percentage begin at earlier gestational ages. Most cases of preeclampsia occur in healthy pregnant women. Therefore, it is important to establish the risk factors in prenatal control visits. Prenatal control is fundamental in which comprehensive surveillance of the pregnant woman is performed. It is known that hypertension in pregnancy is a frequent and potentially dangerous complication for the mother, fetus and newborn. For this reason, one of the objectives of prenatal care is to detect pre-pregnancy hypertension and pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (preeclampsia). A nationally representative sample of 20648 mothers from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018 (ENSANUT) was used. We used multicollinearity tests to rule out possible statistical modeling problems and a binary logistic linear regression model where Odds Ratio (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated for each of the independent variables. In addition, we used specificity tests to test the fit between our dependent and independent variables. Our results reveal that prenatal control reduced 2 times (OR= -2.0005; CI=-1.981;-2.055) the probability of suffering complications during pregnancy such as preeclampsia. This result is statistically significant (p<0.05). It was also demonstrated that women from rural areas, with lower income and low schooling are more susceptible to suffer complications during pregnancy compared to the rest of the population. Preeclampsia-eclampsia continues to be one of the pathologies that has the greatest impact on maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, so work should continue to find ways to prevent its onset or modify its evolution, avoiding eclampsia or other severe forms of the disease. The results found in this study showed that adequate prenatal care (more than five visits starting in the first trimester of pregnancy) has an impact on the prevention of pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, since identifying and avoiding it is one of the main purposes of prenatal care.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"58 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141809922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Model of Depression","authors":"Vlad Dionisie","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. Animal models represent a valuable research tool to investigate the molecular pathogenic mechanisms of depression and to develop and test different possible antidepressant drugs. Therefore, several murine models have been established, but the chronic unpredictable mild stress model has robust evidence. Inflammation and oxidative stress pathways have a clear involvement in the complex and intricate pathophysiology of depression, with strong evidence coming from studies using the chronic unpredictable mild stress model. This review provides an overview of the characteristics of the chronic, unpredictable mild stress model of depression and its role in investigating inflammation and oxidative stress pathways in depression.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"93 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141101383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress on Multiple Effects and Clinical Application of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin-kexin9 Inhibitors","authors":"Yan Feng, Weng-Ping Luo, Ming-Ming Zhang, Lin-Cong She, Jia-Xin Wang, Yong-Xin Sun, Chen Chen, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"PCSK9 inhibitors (Proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin9 inhibitors) not only have a good lipid-lowering effect but also have the effects of improving cardiovascular outcome, anti-inflammation, reducing oxidative stress and improving vascular endothelium. In recent years, the continuous research and development of PCSK9 inhibitors have provided new ideas for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This article reviews the multiple action mechanisms of PCSK9 inhibitors and their research in kidney disease and cerebrovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"47 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140664923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Colistin Pan Resistance among Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Escherichia Coli O157:H7","authors":"Rawaa Jawad, Zina Alshami, Haidar Jiham","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance is an important problem threatening human health. With the appearance of colistin-resistant bacteria, the World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are declaring a global emergency and an alarming disaster that goes back to the time before antibiotics. The usage of colistin rises as a result of the global growth of Enterobacteriaceae, which produces carbapenemase and certainly causes the emergence of resistance to investigate the prevalence of colistin resistance among multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant E. coli. The cross-sectional study included 140 swab samples and 200 urine samples that were collected from patients attending Al Imam Al Hussein Medical City in Karbala. The identification of bacterial isolates and the pattern of antibiotic resistance were determined using the fully automated VITEK 2 compact system in addition to the manual antibiotic resistance testing confirmation. The isolates were highly resistant to Ticarcillin (94.4%), Trimethoprim/ Sulfamethoxazole (91.1%) and Piperacillin (87.3%). In contrast, colistin had the lowest (4.2%) out of the total multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains that formed (46.4%) and the extensively-drug resistant (XDR) strains (25.4). Antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest health problems facing people today. In Iraq, the appearance of colistin resistance (2.8%) among extensively drug-resistant Escherichia coli O157:H7 may lead to failure of treatment, especially among burn and UTI patients. It is urgently recommended to lower the occurrence of antibiotic resistance through cautious antibiotic usage and stringent infection control protocols, which are priorities.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"26 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140696967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Privacy-Preserving Data Sharing in Healthcare: Advances in Secure Multiparty Computation","authors":"Md Fahim Ahammed, Md Rasheduzzaman Labu","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Secure Multi-Party Computation (SMC) is a thriving strategy for privacy-preserving data sharing in the healthcare domain. This research examined the role of SMC in the healthcare context and its alignment with regulations such as HIPAA and GDPR. The study highlights key findings in advanced cryptographic techniques, usability enhancements, scalability improvements, as well as security and privacy assurance protocols within SMC. The potential implications of SMC on patient privacy healthcare data management are unquestionable in terms of protecting sensitive information, securing collaboration, and facilitating data-driven decision-making. This study demonstrates that SMC has the potential to revolutionize and transform healthcare by affirming privacy while facilitating secure data sharing, leading to enhanced healthcare outcomes and empowering patients with control over their data.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140733305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Child Malnutrition in Ecuador and Associated Risk Factors","authors":"Zoila Moreira-Moreira, Denise Guevara-Cando, Gabriela Paredes-Oñate, Ángel Cabezas-Lucio, Yimy Nazareno-Valencia, Marlon Villacis-Aveiga, Génesis Avellán-Cevallos, Emma Prieto-Cuesta, María Valle-Hidalgo, Hector Guerrero-Maila, Zoila Moreira Moreira","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic child malnutrition worldwide is responsible for 45% of deaths in children under 5 years of age. In Ecuador, 27.2% of children suffer from any type of malnutrition. This problem has alarming consequences since it affects the country's productivity and has an impact throughout the individual's life, since at this stage the greatest impact is suffered by the child's brain, in which irreversible metabolic and structural alterations occur. However, child malnutrition is not only a problem of lack of food, it is a deeper social conflict that must be considered when providing solutions. A nationally representative sample of children under 5 years of age from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018 (ENSANUT) was used. A binary logistic linear regression model was used where Odds Ratio (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated for each of the independent variables. Our results reveal that family income reduces the probability of child malnutrition by 2.03 times. In addition, micronutrient intake during 6 months to 2 years of age reduces the probability of child malnutrition by 2.32 times (OR= -1.91 ; -3.02). This result is statistically significant (p<0.05). On the other hand, unemployment, being out of the labor force (in the mother) having a greater number of children at home, working more hours and being a migrant mother also positively predicts the probability of suffering from chronic child malnutrition.  Malnutrition is one of the main health problems in Ecuador. It affects a significant percentage of the population and, associated with other factors, is responsible for most of the avoidable mortality and considerable damage to children's health. For this reason, strategies should include epidemiological surveillance, promotion.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"446 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140750925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Magnetic Field Ultra-Controlling System","authors":"Abdallah M. A. Kharsha","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The Dental Magnetic Field Ultra Controlling System represents a revolutionary shift in dental technology, propelling the boundaries of dentistry through its innovative options and treatments. Employing magnetic guidance and control, this groundbreaking system not only optimizes procedural efficiency but also obviates the necessity for multiple devices, thus creating a cohesive platform that integrates therapeutic modalities with traditional treatment methods. This paradigmatic transformation transcends the traditional reliance solely on the dentist's skill, introducing a collaborative approach through the amalgamation of technology, specialized equipment, and shared responsibilities. In doing so, it not only lowers costs for both patients and practitioners but also elevates treatment efficiency, fostering a more economically viable and infection-resistant dental practice. This pioneering system heralds a new era wherein dentistry embraces a holistic integration of advanced technologies, marking a decisive departure from conventional practices and unlocking unprecedented opportunities in the ever- evolving landscape of dental care.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Momordica Charantia L. Fruits Induce the Phagocytosis Activity and Capacity of Rat Peritoneal Macrophages","authors":"Rachmi Ridho, C. Chaidir, Lusi Nursilawati Syamsi, B. Priosoeryanto, E. Mumpuni, S. Abdillah","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Phagocytosis is one of the body's immune mechanisms in the elimination of antigens, including bacteria. Its mechanism is affected by many factors, such as the inducers. The present study aims to elaborate on the effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Momordica charantia L fruits on the activity and capacity of rat peritoneal macrophages on a non-A Staphylococcus aureus, including the white blood cell percentage. A series of M. charantia ethyl acetate extract concentrations of 25 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, and 100 mg/kg BW were used to identify the phagocytosis activity and capacity, as well as the percentage of white blood cells (WBC). The result showed that the concentration of 50 mg/kg BW had the highest phagocytic activity and capacity compared to other concentrations (P < 0.05), while for the WBC percentage, there were no significant differences among the concentrations (P > 0.05). The conclusion of the present study is M. charantia ethyl acetate extract has the potential to be used as a natural immunostimulant.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence and Vaccination Coverage Rates of COVID-19 in Asia: A Cross-sectional Study after Four Years","authors":"A. Alrasheedi","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Asia is the largest and most populous continent and is divided into five regions: Eastern Asia, South-eastern Asia, Central Asia, Southern Asia, and Western Asia. Understanding the pattern of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevalence in Asia could help researchers and decision-makers learn how to respond to public health emergencies more effectively. By the end of 2023, it would have been nearly four years since the first cases of COVID-19 were detected. In this article, COVID-19 data, including the vaccination coverage rate, were used to examine the COVID-19 prevalence across Asia by the end of 2023 based on income and geographic division. Data on COVID-19, including the vaccination coverage rates, for various Asian countries were collected from reliable, publicly available websites. Then, COVID-19 data were analyzed based on income and geographic division. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and an Independent Samples t-test were also performed to assess the variation of the means of COVID-19 data across the continent. As of January 1, 2024, COVID-19 data across Asia's five regions were inconsistent. West Asia was most affected, with the highest cases and deaths per million and most tests performed per population. Eastern Asia had the lowest deaths per million, tests per population, and case-fatality rates (CFRs). The COVID-19 vaccination rates range between 2.39% and 105.7%, while the booster vaccination rates varied from 0% in Kyrgyzstan and Laos to 141.7% in Japan. The ANOVA test showed significant variance in the mean, median age, mean vaccination coverage rates, and mean booster vaccination rates, where Eastern Asia had higher averages than the other parts. The independent t-test revealed significant differences in COVID-19 data means, except for CFRs, where low- and lower-middle-income countries had lower averages than upper-middle and high-income countries. Inconsistent COVID-19 data, including vaccination coverage, across Asia highlights the need for uniform standards in case identification and diagnosis, ensuring equitable vaccine distribution, and providing essential diagnostic resources to all countries for future emergencies.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"42 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140373578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Neurogranin Levels and Cognition in Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"M. Alpua, U. Kisa, Ercan Tekin, Ufuk Ergun","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disorder, and cognitive problems occur in the early and late phases of the disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurogranin levels and cognition in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Twenty-three patients and 25 healthy controls were included in the study. Serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurogranin (NRGN) levels were determined on blood samples from patients and controls. Disease duration and EDSS scores of patients were recorded, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) scale was used for cognitive assessment. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of serum NRGN and GFAP levels. MOCA scores were lower in the patient group than in the healthy control group. No statistically significant correlation was found between NRGN and GFAP serum levels and MOCA scores. Our study showed that there was no statistically significant association between serum NRGN and GFAP levels and cognition in MS patients. This study is the first to examine serum GFAP and NRGN levels in the context of cognition in MS.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139803077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}