Journal of Investigative Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Diameter of Perforator in Pedicle and Different Managements of Intermediate Non-Pedicle Perforator on Flap Survival in Rats.","authors":"Donghong Liu,&nbsp;Fang Fang,&nbsp;Yuehong Zhuang","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2097345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2097345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgrounds: </strong>The quantified relationship between perforator diameter and flap length can be supported, and the impact of different strategies of managements of a non-pedicled perforator with two major subfascial divisions on flap survival has never been explored.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was divided into two parts. In Part I, 48 Sprague-Dawley rats underwent flap harvesting based on six perforators with a diameter gradient. Then, the flap length and perforator diameter were measured for establishment of an equation. In Part II, 32 rats underwent harvest of a transverse flap based on the right superficial epigastric perforator. In 16 rats the right intermediate iliolumbar perforator was severed in a distal-to-division approach, whereas, in the other 16 rats, it was severed with in a proximal-to-division approach. Necrosis rates and blood perfusion were also compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The equation y = 13.02 × x + 2.29 could be established between the perforator diameter in the pedicle (x) and the flap length (y) that could be supported with R²=0.8963 and P < 0.001.The transverse flap with a distal-to-division management of the intermediate iliolumbar perforasome was weaker in perfusion and had a necrosis rate of 49±4%, whereas the flap with a proximal-to division management had a significantly stronger perfusion and a lower necrosis rate of 21±2% (P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The safe flap length that can be estimated based on a perforator with a known diameter can be calculated using y=13.02× x +2.29. A short segment of the stem of an intermediate perforator with two major subfascial branches should be preserved to augment flap survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":16200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40519707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic Inflammation Response Index and Systemic Immune Inflammation Index Are Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis?","authors":"Murat Biyik,&nbsp;Zeynep Biyik,&nbsp;Mehmet Asil,&nbsp;Muharrem Keskin","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2084187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2084187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The inflammatory response is critically important in acute pancreatitis (AP). Systemic immune-inflammation (SII) index and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), which are novel inflammatory markers, have been linked to determining outcomes in various diseases. The goal of the current study was to examine the relation of the SII index and SIRI with disease severity and acute kidney injury (AKI) in subjects with AP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 332 subjects with AP were analyzed retrospectively. SII index was calculated using the formula; platelet (P)×neutrophil (N)/lymphocyte (L), while SIRI was calculated as N × monocyte (M)/L count. Multivariate regression (MR) was done to determine the independent risk factors for AKI and severe AP (SAP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical analyses showed that both median SII index and median SIRI increased gradually with higher AP severity (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Both SII index and SIRI were higher in subjects with AKI compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Using MR analysis, the SII index was found to independently predict both SAP (OR = 1.004, 95% CI: 1.001-1.008, <i>p</i> = 0.018) and AKI (OR = 1.005, 95% CI: 1.003-1.008, <i>p</i> < 0.001). ROC analysis showed that the SII index could accurately differentiate SAP (AUC = 0.809, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and AKI (AUC = 0.820, <i>p</i> = 0.001) in patients with acute pancreatitis. ROC analysis also showed that SIRI could also accurately differentiate SAP (0.782, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and AKI (AUC = 0.776, <i>p</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SIRI and the SII indexes can be used as potential biomarkers in predicting both disease severity and AKI development in subjects with AP.</p>","PeriodicalId":16200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10441638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collagen Deposition and Inflammatory Response Associated with Macroporous Mesh Shrinkage in Incisional Hernia Repair: A Rat Model.","authors":"Peticha Tanprasert,&nbsp;Kanokkan Tepmalai,&nbsp;Bandhuphat Chakrabandhu,&nbsp;Supachai Yodkeeree,&nbsp;Wirawit Piyamongkol,&nbsp;Sirikan Limpakan Yamada","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2087240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2087240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Mesh repair is the current recommendation for the treatment of incisional hernia; however, the best mesh has yet to be determined. The objective of this study was to compare the inflammatory response and collagen deposition in primary incisional hernia repair (P) and different macroporous mesh materials, including polypropylene with poliglecaprone (PP-PG), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polyester (PE), using quantitative methods. <b>Methods:</b> Sixty male rats were divided into four groups. Anterior abdominal wall defects were created and either suture or mesh repair was done. Rats were euthanized on days 14, 90, and 180, and the gross findings were recorded. The inflammatory and collagen levels in the abdominal wall tissues were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). <b>Results:</b> The PE group demonstrated significant mesh shrinkage at 180 days. The extent of PE mesh shrinkage ranged from 22-42% (mean = 30.49%). At 14 days, the PVDF group had higher interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels than the PP-PG (<i>P</i> = .004) and PE groups (<i>P</i> = .019). At 90 days, the collagen type I (Col I) levels in the PE group were significantly lower than those in the others, and the collagen type I/III (Col I/III) ratios in the PE group were lower than those in the <i>P</i> group (<i>P</i> = .006). <b>Conclusions:</b> The persistently high IL-6 levels until 180 days and the decrease in Col I levels and Col I/III ratio at 90 days seem to predict mesh shrinkage at 180 days. The mesh induces high Col I levels, but those associated with low Col III levels should be preferred.</p>","PeriodicalId":16200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40402359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PPARγ Mediates Protective Effect against Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via NF-κB Pathway.","authors":"Xinyu Liu,&nbsp;Ping Zhang,&nbsp;Xianqing Song,&nbsp;Hengguan Cui,&nbsp;Weixing Shen","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2090033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2090033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (HIRI) is an unavoidable complication in liver surgery, however its pathological process is still unclear. Therefore, in this study, the role and mechanism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) was investigated in HIRI.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We constructed mice models with HIRI and L02 cell models insulted hypoxia/re-oxygenation (H/R). PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone was administered prior to HIRI in mice and PPARγ-siRNA was to H/R treatment in L02 cells. Liver injury was measured by serum ALT, AST and LDH levels and performing H&E staining; the inflammatory injury was reflected by inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, which were assayed by Real-time PCR and Western blotting, MPO activity was determined using commercial kits; oxidative stress injury was evaluated by iNOS, MDA, SOD and GSH-PX levels; apoptosis was detected by cleaved-Caspase-3, TUNEL staining and flow cytometry; NF-κB signaling activation was reflected by phosphorylation of IκBα (p-IκBα) and nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The level of PPARγ expression was obviously down-regulated both in mice liver subjected to IRI and in L02 cells to H/R. Overexpression of PPARγ presented protective effect on HIRI by reducing serum levels of aminotransferase and hepatic necrosis, inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis and alleviating oxidative stress in vivo. But PPARγ-siRNA aggravate H/R insult by promoting inflammation and apoptosis in vitro. Mechanistically, the NF-κB pathway activity was increased with PPARγ down-regulation by PPARγ-siRNA. Importantly, inhibition of NF-κB signaling abolished PPARγ knockdown-mediated hepatic injury.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PPARγ present protective effects on HIRI by attenuating liver injury, inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosis in vivo and in vitro, and its mechanism may be related to down-regulation of NF-κB signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":16200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40194792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could Penile Mondor's Disease Worsen Symptoms in Patients with Erectile Dysfunction?","authors":"Emrullah Durmus,&nbsp;Fesih Ok","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2092664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2092664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To determine the impact of Penile Mondor's disease (PMD) in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-seven patients diagnosed with PMD were included in the study and analyzed prospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of ED at admission. The patients with ED were named Group 1, and those without ED were named Group 2. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) forms at admission, 3rd, and 6th months were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 21 (44.6%) patients in Group 1 and 26 (55.4%) patients in Group 2. The mean patient ages in Group 1 and Group 2 were 38.1 ± 7.5 and 26.9 ± 10.3 years, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The mean admission IIEF-5 score was 19.52 ± 1.21 in Group 1 and 22.92 ± 1.23 in Group 2. After treatment, the mean IIEF-5 scores in Group 1 were 19.24 ± 1.14 and 19.09 ± 1.09 at the 3rd and 6th months, respectively. The mean IIEF-5 scores in Group 2 was 22.77 ± 0.99 and 22.96 ± 1.08 at 3rd and 6th months, respectively. In Group 1, the 6th-month IIEF-5 score was lower than the initial score (<i>p</i> = 0.026). In Group 1, the mean BAI score at 6 months increased compared to admission (6.0 ± 1.27 vs 5.43 ± 1.43^, <i>p</i> = 0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PMD can worsen symptoms in men with ED who have a low IIEF5 score. The anxiety of recurrence of PMD during sexual intercourse may have caused this situation, or this may also be due to the natural progression of ED.</p>","PeriodicalId":16200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40606886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined HIF-1α and SHH Up-Regulation Is a Potential Biomarker to Predict Poor Prognosis in Postoperative Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Jiali Zhao,&nbsp;Guifang Zeng,&nbsp;En Lin,&nbsp;Chaonong Cai,&nbsp;Peiping Li,&nbsp;Baojia Zou,&nbsp;Jian Li","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2090034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2090034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) or sonic hedgehog (SHH) is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Hypoxia inhibits ferroptosis, which induces cancer cell death. However, the correlation between the combined HIF-1α and SHH up-regulation with prognosis, and the association between SHH and ferroptosis remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We detected the expression of HIF-1α and SHH in HCC. Cox regression, clinical data, and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed. In vitro cell experiments verified the relationship between HIF-1α and SHH, and observed the invasion of hypoxic HCC cells. The correlation between SHH and ferroptosis was also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HIF-1α and SHH expression levels were significantly correlated with HCC (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). HIF-1α and SHH expression levels were found to be associated with TNM stage (<i>p</i> = 0.0121, <i>p</i> = 0.0078, respectively), vascular invasion (<i>p</i> < 0.0001, <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively), and recurrence (<i>p</i> = 0.0212, <i>p</i> = 0.0392, respectively). The combined upregulation of HIF-1α and SHH was an independent factor for predicting the overall survival (OS) of patients with HCC (<i>p</i> = 0.003), who had the shortest OS (<i>p</i> = 0.0009). SHH paralleled the increase in HIF-1α expression, which promotes cancer cell invasion. The upregulation of SHH was related to the inhibition of the expression of ferroptosis-related factors (FANCD2, <i>p</i> < 0.0001 and FTH1, <i>p</i> = 0.0009) in HCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combined HIF-1α and SHH upregulation is a potentially poor prognosis indicator in patients with HCC because the upregulation of SHH inhibits ferroptosis in hypoxic cancer cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":16200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40408974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Percutaneous Nephrostomy and Ureteral DJ Stent in Patients with Obstructive Pyelonephritis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Hakan Anıl,&nbsp;Nevzat Can Şener,&nbsp;Kaan Karamık,&nbsp;İbrahim Erol,&nbsp;Ediz Vuruşkan,&nbsp;Hakan Erçil,&nbsp;Zafer Gökhan Gürbüz","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2062496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2062496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Comparing the two different drainage methods of percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) versus retrograde ureteral double - J (DJ) stent insertion in patients with obstructive pyelonephritis cases.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, patients with obstructive pyelonephritis secondary to urolithiasis who underwent PCN or DJ insertion were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to drainage method. After exclusion criteria, the study included 105 patients. The groups were compared for intraoperative outcomes, duration of fluoroscopy usage, the time needed for normalization of infection parameters (white blood cells (WBC), C - reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin), and complications were observed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 105 patients, 56 patients were in DJ stent group and 49 patients were in PCN group. According to intraoperative data, operative time and fluoroscopy duration were significantly shorter in the DJ ureteral stent group (<i>P</i> < .001). WBC returned to normal range in mean 3.5 ± 1.3 days in the DJ stent group and 3.2 ± 1.1 days in the PCN group (95% CI: -0.76-0.21, <i>P</i> = .268). There were no statistically significant differences identified for the duration for CRP, PCT and fever to return to normal range between the drainage methods. The complication rates was 51.8% for DJ stent group and, 30.6% in PCN group (<i>P</i> = .028).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both methods are effective and safe in obstructive pyelonephritis. Despite the higher complication rate in DJ stent group, these complications were minor.</p>","PeriodicalId":16200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10439942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effects of Hydrogen-Rich Saline on Experimental Intestinal Volvulus in Rats.","authors":"Hayrunnisa Oral,&nbsp;Zafer Türkyılmaz,&nbsp;Ramazan Karabulut,&nbsp;Cem Kaya,&nbsp;Duygu Dayanır,&nbsp;Cengiz Karakaya,&nbsp;Kaan Sonmez","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2056273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2056273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intestinal volvulus can cause morbidity and mortality. Surgical reduction, on the other hand, could result in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Hydrogen rich saline solution (HRSS neutralizes free radicals in the body. This study aimed to investigate the effects of HRSS in I/R injury in experimental intestinal volvulus in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups. All procedures were done under general anesthesia and sterile conditions in each animal. Five ml/kg of saline and HRSS were administered intraperitoneally (ip) in Sham (Group 1) and HRSS (Group 2) groups, respectively. Groups 3, 4, and 5 constituted the study groups in which volvulus was created in a 5-cm- long ileal segment 2 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. After 2 hours the volvuli were reduced and following 2 hours of reperfusion, these segments were removed. In volvulus-I/R group (Group 3) no additional procedure was done. HRSS was administered shortly before reperfusion (reduction of the volvulus) in Treatment I (Group 4) and 1 h before experimental volvulus in Treatment II (Group 5) groups. Blood and intestinal tissue samples were obtained from all rats at the 4th hour. Both tissue and blood total oxidant (TOS) and antioxidant status (TAS) levels were determined and tissue histomorphologies were studied. Oxidative stress indices (TOS ÷ TAS) (OSI) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tissue TOS and OSI levels and histomorphological injury scores were statistically lower in treatment groups than I/R group, whereas blood TOS and OSI levels were similar between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides biochemical and histomorphological evidence that HRSS prevents intestinal damage in I/R injury caused by volvulus.</p>","PeriodicalId":16200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40324302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mild Hypothermia via External Cooling Improves Lung Function and Alleviates Pulmonary Inflammatory Response and Damage in Two-Hit Rabbit Model of Acute Lung Injury.","authors":"Onat Akyol,&nbsp;Serdar Demirgan,&nbsp;Aslıhan Şengelen,&nbsp;Hasan Cem Güneyli,&nbsp;Duygu Sultan Oran,&nbsp;Funda Yıldırım,&nbsp;Damla Haktanır,&nbsp;Mehmet Salih Sevdi,&nbsp;Kerem Erkalp,&nbsp;Ayşin Selcan","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2064010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2064010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Targeted temperature management (TTM) with therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has an organ-protective effect by mainly reducing inflammatory response. Here, our objective was to determine, for the first time, whether mild TH with external cooling, a simple and inexpensive method, could be safe or even beneficial in two-hit rabbit model of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-two New Zealand rabbits (6-month-old) were randomly divided into healthy control (HC) with conventional ventilation, but without injury, model group (ALI), and hypothermia group with external cooling (ALI-HT). After induction of ALI/ARDS through mild lung-lavages followed by non-protective ventilation, mild hypothermia was started in ALI-HT group (body temperature of 33-34 °C). All rabbits were conventionally ventilated for an additional 6-h by recording respiratory parameters. Finally, lung histopathology and inflammatory response were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypothermia was associated with higher oxygen saturation, resulting in partial improvement in the P/F ratio (PaO₂/FiO₂), oxygenation index, mean airway pressure, and PaCO₂, but did not affect lactate levels. The ALI-HT group had lower histopathological injury scores (hyperemia, edema, emphysema, atelectasis, and PMN infiltration). Further, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and -8 levels in lung tissue and serum samples markedly reduced due to hypothermia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mild TH with external cooling reduced lung inflammation and damage, whereas it resulted in partial improvement in gas exchanges. Our findings highlight that body temperature control may be a potentially supportive therapeutic option for regulating cytokine production and respiratory parameters in ALI/ARDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":16200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41114981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring the Systemic Inflammatory Response to On- and Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgeries Using the Tryptophan/Kynurenine Pathway","authors":"A. Farouk, R. Hamed, S. Elsawy, Nashwa F Abd El Hafez, F. Moftah, M. Nassar, Fify Alfy Gabra, T. Saleem","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2084188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2084188","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Cardiac surgeries induce many inflammatory responses with remarkable clinical implications. Tryptophan (Trp) is a precursor for serotonin, melatonin and kynurenine (Kyn). Plasma kynurenic acid (Kyna) and Kyn concentrations are thought to be related to the severity of inflammation. Plasma Trp/Kyn ratio is used to measure inflammatory cytokine activity. Methods: We performed the current longitudinal study in a tertiary care center and included 62 patients divided into two groups; group A (on-pump CABG patients) and group B (off-pump CABG patients). Plasma Trp and Kyn were measured using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Serum interlukin-6 (IL-6) and white blood cells (WBCs) were measured using ELISA and routine blood count, respectively. Results: The present study revealed that the intraoperative levels of plasma Kyn, IL-6 and WBCs were significantly increased while the plasma Trp/Kyn ratio was significantly decreased in both the groups; however, the changes were more significant in the on-pump CABG group. Moreover, the levels in both the groups returned to preoperative levels 72 h postoperative. Our study has shown that WBCs is positively correlated with IL-6, but has negative correlation with Trp/Kyn ratio. Conclusions: Kyn and Trp/Kyn ratio might be utilized as markers of the severity of inflammation in major surgery. In addition, off-pump CABG might be more preferable than on-pump CABG regarding stress and release of inflammatory markers.","PeriodicalId":16200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42739965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}