Ecology Letters最新文献_第8页

Mast seeding in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is associated with reduced fungal sporocarp production and community diversity 欧洲山毛榉（Fagus sylvatica L.）的桅杆播种与真菌孢子果产量和群落多样性减少有关。

IF 8.8 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14460

Talia J. Michaud, Ian S. Pearse, Håvard Kauserud, Carrie J. Andrew, Peter G. Kennedy

{"title":"Mast seeding in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is associated with reduced fungal sporocarp production and community diversity","authors":"Talia J. Michaud, Ian S. Pearse, Håvard Kauserud, Carrie J. Andrew, Peter G. Kennedy","doi":"10.1111/ele.14460","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14460","url":null,"abstract":"Mast seeding is a well-documented phenomenon across diverse forest ecosystems. While its effect on aboveground food webs has been thoroughly studied, how it impacts the soil fungi that drive soil carbon and nutrient cycling has not yet been explored. To evaluate the relationship between mast seeding and fungal resource availability, we paired a Swiss 29-year fungal sporocarp census with contemporaneous seed production for European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). On average, mast seeding was associated with a 55% reduction in sporocarp production and a compositional community shift towards drought-tolerant taxa across both ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic guilds. Among ectomycorrhizal fungi, traits associated with carbon cost did not explain species' sensitivity to seed production. Together, our results support a novel hypothesis that mast seeding limits annual resource availability and reproductive investment in soil fungi, creating an ecosystem ‘rhythm’ to forest processes that is synchronized above- and belowground.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.14460","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141320083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Principles for area-based biodiversity conservation 以地区为基础的生物多样性保护原则。

IF 8.8 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14459

Federico Riva, Nick Haddad, Lenore Fahrig, Cristina Banks-Leite

{"title":"Principles for area-based biodiversity conservation","authors":"Federico Riva, Nick Haddad, Lenore Fahrig, Cristina Banks-Leite","doi":"10.1111/ele.14459","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14459","url":null,"abstract":"Recent international agreements have strengthened and expanded commitments to protect and restore native habitats for biodiversity protection (“area-based biodiversity conservation”). Nevertheless, biodiversity conservation is hindered because how such commitments should be implemented has been strongly debated, which can lead to suboptimal habitat protection decisions. We argue that, despite the debates, there are three essential principles for area-based biodiversity conservation. These principles are related to habitat geographic coverage, amount, and connectivity. They emerge from evidence that, while large areas of nature are important and must be protected, conservation or restoration of multiple small habitat patches is also critical for global conservation, particularly in regions with high land use. We contend that the many area-based conservation initiatives expected in the coming decades should follow the principles we identify, regardless of ongoing debates. Considering the importance of biodiversity for maintenance of ecosystem services, we suggest that this would bring widespread societal benefits.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.14459","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141320084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When can higher-order interactions produce stable coexistence? 高阶互动何时能产生稳定共存？

IF 8.8 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14458

Theo L. Gibbs, Gabriel Gellner, Simon A. Levin, Kevin S. McCann, Alan Hastings, Jonathan M. Levine

{"title":"When can higher-order interactions produce stable coexistence?","authors":"Theo L. Gibbs, Gabriel Gellner, Simon A. Levin, Kevin S. McCann, Alan Hastings, Jonathan M. Levine","doi":"10.1111/ele.14458","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14458","url":null,"abstract":"Most ecological models are based on the assumption that species interact in pairs. Diverse communities, however, can have higher-order interactions, in which two or more species jointly impact the growth of a third species. A pitfall of the common pairwise approach is that it misses the higher-order interactions potentially responsible for maintaining natural diversity. Here, we explore the stability properties of systems where higher-order interactions guarantee that a specified set of abundances is a feasible equilibrium of the dynamics. Even these higher-order interactions which lead to equilibria do not necessarily produce stable coexistence. Instead, these systems are more likely to be stable when the pairwise interactions are weak or facilitative. Correlations between the pairwise and higher-order interactions, however, do permit robust coexistence even in diverse systems. Our work not only reveals the challenges in generating stable coexistence through higher-order interactions but also uncovers interaction patterns that can enable diversity.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.14458","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141320085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response to von Schmalensee et al. 对 von Schmalensee 等人的回应

IF 8.8 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14436

Guillermo Garcia-Costoya, Claire E. Williams, Trevor M. Faske, Jacob D. Moorman, Michael L. Logan

引用次数: 0

Methodological artefacts cause counter-intuitive evolutionary conclusions in a simulation study 在一项模拟研究中，方法上的人为因素导致了反直觉的进化结论。

IF 8.8 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14439

Loke von Schmalensee, Mats Ittonen, Anna Brødsgaard Shoshan, Kevin T. Roberts, Isabelle Siemers, Philip Süess, Christer Wiklund, Karl Gotthard

引用次数: 0

Frequency-dependent tolerance to aircraft disturbance drastically alters predicted impact on shorebirds 对飞机干扰的容忍度与频率有关，这大大改变了对海岸鸟类的预测影响。

IF 8.8 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14452

Henk-Jan van der Kolk, Cor J. Smit, Andrew M. Allen, Bruno J. Ens, Martijn van de Pol

{"title":"Frequency-dependent tolerance to aircraft disturbance drastically alters predicted impact on shorebirds","authors":"Henk-Jan van der Kolk, Cor J. Smit, Andrew M. Allen, Bruno J. Ens, Martijn van de Pol","doi":"10.1111/ele.14452","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14452","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic disturbance of wildlife is increasing globally. Generalizing impacts of disturbance to novel situations is challenging, as the tolerance of animals to human activities varies with disturbance frequency (e.g. due to habituation). Few studies have quantified frequency-dependent tolerance, let alone determined how it affects predictions of disturbance impacts when these are extrapolated over large areas. In a comparative study across a gradient of air traffic intensities, we show that birds nearly always fled (80%) if aircraft were rare, while birds rarely responded (7%) if traffic was frequent. When extrapolating site-specific responses to an entire region, accounting for frequency-dependent tolerance dramatically alters the predicted costs of disturbance: the disturbance map homogenizes with fewer hotspots. Quantifying frequency-dependent tolerance has proven challenging, but we propose that (i) ignoring it causes extrapolations of disturbance impacts from single sites to be unreliable, and (ii) it can reconcile published idiosyncratic species- or source-specific disturbance responses.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.14452","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141299543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grazing herbivores reduce herbaceous biomass and fire activity across African savannas 放牧的食草动物减少了非洲稀树草原的草本生物量和火灾活动。

IF 8.8 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14450

Allison Tyler Karp, Sally E. Koerner, Gareth P. Hempson, Joel O. Abraham, T. Michael Anderson, William J. Bond, Deron E. Burkepile, Elizabeth N. Fillion, Jacob R. Goheen, Jennifer A. Guyton, Tyler R. Kartzinel, Duncan M. Kimuyu, Neha Mohanbabu, Todd M. Palmer, Lauren M. Porensky, Robert M. Pringle, Mark E. Ritchie, Melinda D. Smith, Dave I. Thompson, Truman P. Young, A. Carla Staver

{"title":"Grazing herbivores reduce herbaceous biomass and fire activity across African savannas","authors":"Allison Tyler Karp, Sally E. Koerner, Gareth P. Hempson, Joel O. Abraham, T. Michael Anderson, William J. Bond, Deron E. Burkepile, Elizabeth N. Fillion, Jacob R. Goheen, Jennifer A. Guyton, Tyler R. Kartzinel, Duncan M. Kimuyu, Neha Mohanbabu, Todd M. Palmer, Lauren M. Porensky, Robert M. Pringle, Mark E. Ritchie, Melinda D. Smith, Dave I. Thompson, Truman P. Young, A. Carla Staver","doi":"10.1111/ele.14450","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14450","url":null,"abstract":"Fire and herbivory interact to alter ecosystems and carbon cycling. In savannas, herbivores can reduce fire activity by removing grass biomass, but the size of these effects and what regulates them remain uncertain. To examine grazing effects on fuels and fire regimes across African savannas, we combined data from herbivore exclosure experiments with remotely sensed data on fire activity and herbivore density. We show that, broadly across African savannas, grazing herbivores substantially reduce both herbaceous biomass and fire activity. The size of these effects was strongly associated with grazing herbivore densities, and surprisingly, was mostly consistent across different environments. A one-zebra increase in herbivore biomass density (~100 kg/km2 of metabolic biomass) resulted in a ~53 kg/ha reduction in standing herbaceous biomass and a ~0.43 percentage point reduction in burned area. Our results indicate that fire models can be improved by incorporating grazing effects on grass biomass.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141299544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The unexpected influence of legacy conspecific density dependence 遗留的同种密度依赖性的意外影响。

IF 8.8 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14449

Lukas J. Magee, Joseph A. LaManna, Amy T. Wolf, Robert W. Howe, Yuanming Lu, Denis Valle, Daniel J. B. Smith, Robert Bagchi, David Bauman, Daniel J. Johnson

{"title":"The unexpected influence of legacy conspecific density dependence","authors":"Lukas J. Magee, Joseph A. LaManna, Amy T. Wolf, Robert W. Howe, Yuanming Lu, Denis Valle, Daniel J. B. Smith, Robert Bagchi, David Bauman, Daniel J. Johnson","doi":"10.1111/ele.14449","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14449","url":null,"abstract":"When plants die, neighbours escape competition. Living conspecifics could disproportionately benefit because they are freed from negative intraspecific processes; however, if the negative effects of past conspecific neighbours persist, other species might be advantaged, and diversity might be maintained through legacy effects. We examined legacy effects in a mapped forest by modelling the survival of 37,212 trees of 23 species using four neighbourhood properties: living conspecific, living heterospecific, legacy conspecific (dead conspecifics) and legacy heterospecific densities. Legacy conspecific effects proved nearly four times stronger than living conspecific effects; changes in annual survival associated with legacy conspecific density were 1.5% greater than living conspecific effects. Over 90% of species were negatively impacted by legacy conspecific density, compared to 47% by living conspecific density. Our results emphasize that legacies of trees alter community dynamics, revealing that prior research may have underestimated the strength of density dependent interactions by not considering legacy effects.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141299545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human-modified habitats imperil ornamented dragonflies less than their non-ornamented counterparts at local, regional, and continental scales 在地方、区域和大陆范围内，人类改造的栖息地对装饰蜻蜓造成的危害小于对非装饰蜻蜓造成的危害。

IF 8.8 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14455

Michael P. Moore, Noah T. Leith, Kasey D. Fowler-Finn, Kim A. Medley

{"title":"Human-modified habitats imperil ornamented dragonflies less than their non-ornamented counterparts at local, regional, and continental scales","authors":"Michael P. Moore, Noah T. Leith, Kasey D. Fowler-Finn, Kim A. Medley","doi":"10.1111/ele.14455","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14455","url":null,"abstract":"Biologists have long wondered how sexual ornamentation influences a species' risk of extinction. Because the evolution of condition-dependent ornamentation can reduce intersexual conflict and accelerate the fixation of advantageous alleles, some theory predicts that ornamented taxa can be buffered against extinction in novel and/or stressful environments. Nevertheless, evidence from the wild remains limited. Here, we show that ornamented dragonflies are less vulnerable to extinction across multiple spatial scales. Population-occupancy models across the Western United States reveal that ornamented species have become more common relative to non-ornamented species over >100 years. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that ornamented species exhibit lower continent-wide extinction risk than non-ornamented species. Finally, spatial analyses of local dragonfly assemblages suggest that ornamented species possess advantages over non-ornamented taxa at living in habitats that have been converted to farms and cities. Together, these findings suggest that ornamented taxa are buffered against contemporary extinction at local, regional, and continental scales.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141287465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate change fluctuations can increase population abundance and range size 气候变化的波动会增加种群数量和分布范围。

IF 8.8 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14453

Jane Shaw MacDonald, Frithjof Lutscher, Yves Bourgault

引用次数: 0