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Accelerating local extinction associated with very recent climate change 与最近的气候变化相关的局部灭绝加速。
IF 8.8 1区 环境科学与生态学
Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14303
Kim L. Holzmann, Ramona L. Walls, John J. Wiens
{"title":"Accelerating local extinction associated with very recent climate change","authors":"Kim L. Holzmann,&nbsp;Ramona L. Walls,&nbsp;John J. Wiens","doi":"10.1111/ele.14303","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14303","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change has already caused local extinction in many plants and animals, based on surveys spanning many decades. As climate change accelerates, the pace of these extinctions may also accelerate, potentially leading to large-scale, species-level extinctions. We tested this hypothesis in a montane lizard. We resurveyed 18 mountain ranges in 2021–2022 after only ~7 years. We found rates of local extinction among the fastest ever recorded, which have tripled in the past ~7 years relative to the preceding ~42 years. Further, climate change generated local extinction in ~7 years similar to that seen in other organisms over ~70 years. Yet, contrary to expectations, populations at two of the hottest sites survived. We found that genomic data helped predict which populations survived and which went extinct. Overall, we show the increasing risk to biodiversity posed by accelerating climate change and the opportunity to study its effects over surprisingly brief timescales.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"26 11","pages":"1877-1886"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10655925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Partitioning the biodiversity effects on productivity into density and size components 将生物多样性对生产力的影响划分为密度和大小组成部分。
IF 8.8 1区 环境科学与生态学
Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14300
Shinichi Tatsumi, Michel Loreau
{"title":"Partitioning the biodiversity effects on productivity into density and size components","authors":"Shinichi Tatsumi,&nbsp;Michel Loreau","doi":"10.1111/ele.14300","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14300","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plant density and size — two factors that represent plant survival and growth — are key determinants of yield but have rarely been analysed explicitly in the context of biodiversity–productivity relationships. Here, we derive equations to partition the net, complementarity and selection effects of biodiversity into additive components that reflect diversity-induced changes in plant density and size. Applications of the new method to empirical datasets reveal contrasting ways in which plant density and size regulate yield in species mixtures. In an annual plant diversity experiment, overyielding is largely explained by selection effects associated with increased size of highly productive plant species. In a tree diversity experiment, the cause of overyielding shifts from enhanced growth in tree size to reduced mortality by complementary use of canopy space during stand development. These results highlight the capability of the new method to resolve crucial, yet understudied, demographic links between biodiversity and productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"26 11","pages":"1963-1973"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10223375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A unified evolutionary framework for understanding parasite infection and host migratory behaviour 了解寄生虫感染和宿主迁移行为的统一进化框架。
IF 8.8 1区 环境科学与生态学
Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14301
Allison K. Shaw, Marie Levet, Sandra A. Binning
{"title":"A unified evolutionary framework for understanding parasite infection and host migratory behaviour","authors":"Allison K. Shaw,&nbsp;Marie Levet,&nbsp;Sandra A. Binning","doi":"10.1111/ele.14301","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14301","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Animal migration impacts organismal health and parasite transmission: migrants are simultaneously exposed to parasites and able to reduce infection for both individuals and populations. However, these dynamics are difficult to study; empirical studies reveal disparate results while existing theory makes assumptions that simplify natural complexity. Here, we systematically review empirical studies of migration and infection across taxa, highlighting key gaps in our understanding. Next, we develop a unified evolutionary framework incorporating different selective pressures of parasite–migration interactions while accounting for ecological complexity that goes beyond previous theory. Our framework generates diverse migration–infection patterns paralleling those seen in empirical systems, including partial and differential migration. Finally, we generate predictions about which mechanisms dominate which empirical systems to guide future studies. Our framework provides an overarching understanding of selective pressures shaping migration patterns in the context of animal health and disease, which is critical for predicting how environmental change may threaten migration.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"26 11","pages":"1987-2002"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10653904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Environmental variables drive spatial patterns of trophic diversity in mammals 环境变量驱动哺乳动物营养多样性的空间模式。
IF 8.8 1区 环境科学与生态学
Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14306
Jaron Adkins, Edd Hammill, Umarfarooq A. Abdulwahab, John P. Draper, J. Marshall Wolf, Catherine M. McClure, Adrián A. González Ortiz, Emily A. Chavez, Trisha B. Atwood
{"title":"Environmental variables drive spatial patterns of trophic diversity in mammals","authors":"Jaron Adkins,&nbsp;Edd Hammill,&nbsp;Umarfarooq A. Abdulwahab,&nbsp;John P. Draper,&nbsp;J. Marshall Wolf,&nbsp;Catherine M. McClure,&nbsp;Adrián A. González Ortiz,&nbsp;Emily A. Chavez,&nbsp;Trisha B. Atwood","doi":"10.1111/ele.14306","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14306","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding environmental drivers of species diversity has become increasingly important under climate change. Different trophic groups (predators, omnivores and herbivores) interact with their environments in fundamentally different ways and may therefore be influenced by different environmental drivers. Using random forest models, we identified drivers of terrestrial mammals' total and proportional species richness within trophic groups at a global scale. Precipitation seasonality was the most important predictor of richness for all trophic groups. Richness peaked at intermediate precipitation seasonality, indicating that moderate levels of environmental heterogeneity promote mammal richness. Gross primary production (GPP) was the most important correlate of the relative contribution of each trophic group to total species richness. The strong relationship with GPP demonstrates that basal-level resource availability influences how diversity is structured among trophic groups. Our findings suggest that environmental characteristics that influence resource temporal variability and abundance are important predictors of terrestrial mammal richness at a global scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"26 11","pages":"1940-1950"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10193922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards a mechanistic understanding of variation in aquatic food chain length 对水生食物链长度变化的机械理解。
IF 8.8 1区 环境科学与生态学
Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14305
Guanming Guo, György Barabás, Gaku Takimoto, Daniel Bearup, William F. Fagan, Dongdong Chen, Jinbao Liao
{"title":"Towards a mechanistic understanding of variation in aquatic food chain length","authors":"Guanming Guo,&nbsp;György Barabás,&nbsp;Gaku Takimoto,&nbsp;Daniel Bearup,&nbsp;William F. Fagan,&nbsp;Dongdong Chen,&nbsp;Jinbao Liao","doi":"10.1111/ele.14305","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14305","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ecologists have long sought to understand variation in food chain length (FCL) among natural ecosystems. Various drivers of FCL, including ecosystem size, resource productivity and disturbance, have been hypothesised. However, when results are aggregated across existing empirical studies from aquatic ecosystems, we observe mixed FCL responses to these drivers. To understand this variability, we develop a unified competition-colonisation framework for complex food webs incorporating all of these drivers. With competition-colonisation tradeoffs among basal species, our model predicts that increasing ecosystem size generally results in a monotonic increase in FCL, while FCL displays non-linear, oscillatory responses to resource productivity or disturbance in large ecosystems featuring little disturbance or high productivity. Interestingly, such complex responses mirror patterns in empirical data. Therefore, this study offers a novel mechanistic explanation for observed variations in aquatic FCL driven by multiple environmental factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"26 11","pages":"1926-1939"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10215519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Species trait diversity sustains multiple dietary nutrients supplied by freshwater fisheries 物种特征多样性维持着淡水渔业提供的多种膳食营养。
IF 8.8 1区 环境科学与生态学
Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14299
Sebastian A. Heilpern, Guido A. Herrera-R, Kathryn J. Fiorella, Luis Moya, Alexander S. Flecker, Peter B. McIntyre
{"title":"Species trait diversity sustains multiple dietary nutrients supplied by freshwater fisheries","authors":"Sebastian A. Heilpern,&nbsp;Guido A. Herrera-R,&nbsp;Kathryn J. Fiorella,&nbsp;Luis Moya,&nbsp;Alexander S. Flecker,&nbsp;Peter B. McIntyre","doi":"10.1111/ele.14299","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14299","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Species, through their traits, influence how ecosystems simultaneously sustain multiple functions. However, it is unclear how trait diversity sustains the multiple contributions biodiversity makes to people. Freshwater fisheries nourish hundreds of millions of people globally, but overharvesting and river fragmentation are increasingly affecting catches. We analyse how loss of nutritional trait diversity in consumed fish portfolios affects the simultaneous provisioning of six essential dietary nutrients using household data from the Amazon and Tonlé Sap, two of Earth's most productive and diverse freshwater fisheries. We find that fish portfolios with high trait diversity meet higher thresholds of required daily intakes for a greater variety of nutrients with less fish biomass. This beneficial biodiversity effect is driven by low redundancy in species nutrient content profiles. Our findings imply that sustaining the dietary contributions fish make to people given declining biodiversity could require more biomass and ultimately exacerbate fishing pressure in already-stressed ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"26 11","pages":"1887-1897"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10211297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Spatial heterogeneity of biomass turnover has contrasting effects on synchrony and stability in trophic metacommunities 生物量周转的空间异质性对营养元群落的同步性和稳定性具有相反的影响。
IF 8.8 1区 环境科学与生态学
Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14297
Pierre Quévreux, Bart Haegeman, Michel Loreau
{"title":"Spatial heterogeneity of biomass turnover has contrasting effects on synchrony and stability in trophic metacommunities","authors":"Pierre Quévreux,&nbsp;Bart Haegeman,&nbsp;Michel Loreau","doi":"10.1111/ele.14297","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14297","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Spatial heterogeneity is a fundamental feature of ecosystems, and ecologists have identified it as a factor promoting the stability of population dynamics. In particular, differences in interaction strengths and resource supply between patches generate an asymmetry of biomass turnover with a fast and a slow patch coupled by a mobile predator. Here, we demonstrate that asymmetry leads to opposite stability patterns in metacommunities receiving localized perturbations depending on the characteristics of the perturbed patch. Perturbing prey in the fast patch synchronizes the dynamics of prey biomass between the two patches and destabilizes predator dynamics by increasing the predator's temporal variability. Conversely, perturbing prey in the slow patch decreases the synchrony of the prey's dynamics and stabilizes predator dynamics. Our results have implications for conservation ecology and suggest reinforcing protection policies in fast patches to dampen the effects of perturbations and promote the stability of population dynamics at the regional scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"26 11","pages":"1817-1828"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10034606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thermal adaptation of microbial respiration persists throughout long-term soil carbon decomposition 微生物呼吸的热适应在长期土壤碳分解过程中持续存在。
IF 8.8 1区 环境科学与生态学
Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14296
Jinquan Li, Junmin Pei, Changming Fang, Bo Li, Ming Nie
{"title":"Thermal adaptation of microbial respiration persists throughout long-term soil carbon decomposition","authors":"Jinquan Li,&nbsp;Junmin Pei,&nbsp;Changming Fang,&nbsp;Bo Li,&nbsp;Ming Nie","doi":"10.1111/ele.14296","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14296","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil microbial respiration is expected to show adaptations to changing temperatures, greatly weakening the magnitude of feedback over time, as shown in labile carbon substrates. However, whether such thermal adaptation persists during long-term soil carbon decomposition as carbon substrates decrease in decomposability remains unknown. Here, we conducted a 6-year incubation experiment in natural and arable soils with distinct properties under three temperatures (10, 20 and 30°C). Mass-specific microbial respiration was consistently lower under higher long-term incubation temperatures, suggesting the occurrence and persistence of microbial thermal adaptation in long-term soil carbon decomposition. Furthermore, changes in microbial community composition and function largely explained the persistence of microbial respiratory thermal adaptation. If such thermal adaptation generally occurs in large low-decomposability carbon pools, warming-induced soil carbon losses may be lower than previously predicted and thus may not contribute as much as expected to greenhouse warming.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"26 10","pages":"1803-1814"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10078113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Functional traits explain waterbirds' host status, subtype richness, and community-level infection risk for avian influenza 功能特征解释了水禽的宿主状态、亚型丰富度和社区水平的禽流感感染风险。
IF 8.8 1区 环境科学与生态学
Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14294
Shenglai Yin, Ning Li, Wenjie Xu, Daniel J. Becker, Willem F. de Boer, Chi Xu, Taej Mundkur, Nicholas M. Fountain-Jones, Chunlin Li, Guan-zhu Han, Qiang Wu, Diann J. Prosser, Lijuan Cui, Zheng Y. X. Huang
{"title":"Functional traits explain waterbirds' host status, subtype richness, and community-level infection risk for avian influenza","authors":"Shenglai Yin,&nbsp;Ning Li,&nbsp;Wenjie Xu,&nbsp;Daniel J. Becker,&nbsp;Willem F. de Boer,&nbsp;Chi Xu,&nbsp;Taej Mundkur,&nbsp;Nicholas M. Fountain-Jones,&nbsp;Chunlin Li,&nbsp;Guan-zhu Han,&nbsp;Qiang Wu,&nbsp;Diann J. Prosser,&nbsp;Lijuan Cui,&nbsp;Zheng Y. X. Huang","doi":"10.1111/ele.14294","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14294","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Species functional traits can influence pathogen transmission processes, and consequently affect species' host status, pathogen diversity, and community-level infection risk. We here investigated, for 143 European waterbird species, effects of functional traits on host status and pathogen diversity (subtype richness) for avian influenza virus at species level. We then explored the association between functional diversity and HPAI H5Nx occurrence at the community level for 2016/17 and 2021/22 epidemics in Europe. We found that both host status and subtype richness were shaped by several traits, such as diet guild and dispersal ability, and that the community-weighted means of these traits were also correlated with community-level risk of H5Nx occurrence. Moreover, functional divergence was negatively associated with H5Nx occurrence, indicating that functional diversity can reduce infection risk. Our findings highlight the value of integrating trait-based ecology into the framework of diversity–disease relationship, and provide new insights for HPAI prediction and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"26 10","pages":"1780-1791"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10367810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Five fundamental ways in which complex food webs may spiral out of control 复杂食物网可能失控的五种基本方式。
IF 8.8 1区 环境科学与生态学
Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14293
J. Jelle Lever, Egbert H. Van Nes, Marten Scheffer, Jordi Bascompte
{"title":"Five fundamental ways in which complex food webs may spiral out of control","authors":"J. Jelle Lever,&nbsp;Egbert H. Van Nes,&nbsp;Marten Scheffer,&nbsp;Jordi Bascompte","doi":"10.1111/ele.14293","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14293","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Theory suggests that increasingly long, negative feedback loops of many interacting species may destabilize food webs as complexity increases. Less attention has, however, been paid to the specific ways in which these ‘delayed negative feedbacks’ may affect the response of complex ecosystems to global environmental change. Here, we describe five fundamental ways in which these feedbacks might pave the way for abrupt, large-scale transitions and species losses. By combining topological and bioenergetic models, we then proceed by showing that the likelihood of such transitions increases with the number of interacting species and/or when the combined effects of stabilizing network patterns approach the minimum required for stable coexistence. Our findings thus shift the question from the classical question of what makes complex, unaltered ecosystems stable to whether the effects of, known and unknown, stabilizing food-web patterns are sufficient to prevent abrupt, large-scale transitions under global environmental change.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"26 10","pages":"1765-1779"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.14293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10025773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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