Ecology Letters最新文献

Thermal Plasticity in a Cross-Sexual Transfer Trait: Geographic Variation and Phenotypic Integration of Blue Wing Colour in Female Butterflies 一种跨性别转移性状的热可塑性：雌性蝴蝶蓝翅颜色的地理变异和表型整合

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1111/ele.70190

Magne Friberg, Karolina Pehrson, Kristoffer Mjörnman, Erik I. Svensson

{"title":"Thermal Plasticity in a Cross-Sexual Transfer Trait: Geographic Variation and Phenotypic Integration of Blue Wing Colour in Female Butterflies","authors":"Magne Friberg, Karolina Pehrson, Kristoffer Mjörnman, Erik I. Svensson","doi":"10.1111/ele.70190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70190","url":null,"abstract":"Within-sex phenotypic variation can arise through co-option of sexual differentiation mechanisms. Recently, several such cross-sexual-transfer traits have been identified, but we lack a mechanistic understanding of their geographic variation, environmental influences, and phenotypic integration with other traits. Male Polyommatus icarus butterflies are blue, whereas female wing coloration varies from brown to blue. Here, we show that female wing colour varies in a geographic mosaic, with the spring generation being bluer than the summer generation. Laboratory experiments revealed that females developed both bluer wings and increased phenotypic integration between the amount of blue and total wing area at low temperature, qualitatively matching differences between spring and summer generations. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that female and male colour develop through similar mechanisms, supporting the cross-sexual-transfer hypothesis. Our study establishes a promising study system on cross-sexual-transfer and a solid foundation for research on the fitness consequences and evolutionary history of this trait.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.70190","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144773552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Microbial Transmission in a Solitary Mammal 独居哺乳动物的社会微生物传播

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1111/ele.70186

Lauren Petrullo, Quinn Webber, Aura Raulo, Stan Boutin, Jeffrey E. Lane, Andrew G. McAdam, Ben Dantzer

{"title":"Social Microbial Transmission in a Solitary Mammal","authors":"Lauren Petrullo, Quinn Webber, Aura Raulo, Stan Boutin, Jeffrey E. Lane, Andrew G. McAdam, Ben Dantzer","doi":"10.1111/ele.70186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70186","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial transmission is hypothesised to be a major benefit of sociality, facilitated by affiliative behaviours such as grooming and communal nesting in group-living animals. Whether microbial transmission is also present in animals that do not form groups because territoriality limits interactions and prevents group formation remains unknown. Here, we investigate relationships among gut microbiota, population density and dynamic behavioural and spatial measures of territoriality in wild North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). Periods of high population density predicted population-level gut microbial homogeneity but individual-level diversification, alongside changes in obligately anaerobic, non-sporulating taxa indicative of social transmission. Microbial alpha-diversity increased with more frequent territorial intrusions, and pairs with stronger intrusion-based social associations had more similar gut microbiota. As some of the first evidence for social microbial transmission in a solitary system, our findings suggest that fluctuations in density and territorial behaviours can homogenise and diversify host microbiomes among otherwise non-interacting animals.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.70186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144773858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forest Density Drives Survival and Trait Variation in South European Understorey Species: A Continental-Scale Translocation Experiment 森林密度驱动南欧林下物种的生存和性状变异：一个大陆尺度的迁移实验

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1111/ele.70184

Cristina Gasperini, Elisa Carrari, Karen De Pauw, Giovanni Iacopetti, Sofia Martini, Pieter Sanczuk, Thomas Vanneste, Pieter Vangansbeke, Pieter De Frenne, Federico Selvi

{"title":"Forest Density Drives Survival and Trait Variation in South European Understorey Species: A Continental-Scale Translocation Experiment","authors":"Cristina Gasperini, Elisa Carrari, Karen De Pauw, Giovanni Iacopetti, Sofia Martini, Pieter Sanczuk, Thomas Vanneste, Pieter Vangansbeke, Pieter De Frenne, Federico Selvi","doi":"10.1111/ele.70184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70184","url":null,"abstract":"Despite their importance for forest biodiversity and functioning, little is known about the responses of south European understory herbs to climate change. We used a translocation experiment in southern and central Europe to unravel the short-term effects of macroclimatic (elevation and latitude) and microclimatic conditions (open vs. dense forests, forest edge vs. core position) on plant survival, flowering and traits in eight understorey specialists. Forest density was the main driver of survival, with positive effects in the warm and water-limited southern region and negative effects in the northern oceanic region. Forest position had weaker effects, influencing survival, growth and SLA in contrasting ways at the two latitudes. Most species flowered beyond their northern limit, suggesting the ability for reproduction at higher latitudes. Macroclimate effects on forest herbs interact with forest density, influencing their performance and suggesting complex responses to climate change. Increased vulnerability is expected in relatively open and warmer forests.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.70184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144767335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exotic Invasive Plant Species Increase Primary Productivity, but Not in Their Native Ranges 外来入侵植物增加初级生产力，但在其本土范围内没有

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1111/ele.70187

Ragan M. Callaway, Robert W. Pal, Adrian Schaar, David Hooper, Harald Auge, Isabell Hensen, Kevin Kožić, Ylva Lekberg, Dávid U. Nagy, Julian A. Selke, Arpad E. Thoma, Sabrina Träger, Christoph Rosche

{"title":"Exotic Invasive Plant Species Increase Primary Productivity, but Not in Their Native Ranges","authors":"Ragan M. Callaway, Robert W. Pal, Adrian Schaar, David Hooper, Harald Auge, Isabell Hensen, Kevin Kožić, Ylva Lekberg, Dávid U. Nagy, Julian A. Selke, Arpad E. Thoma, Sabrina Träger, Christoph Rosche","doi":"10.1111/ele.70187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70187","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Ecosystem net primary productivity is thought to occur near the maximum that abiotic constraints allow; but exotic invasive plants often correlate with increased productivity. However, field patterns and experimental evidence for this come only from the non-native ranges of exotic species. Thus, we do not know if this pattern is caused by exotic invasions per se or whether successful exotic species are disproportionately productive or colonise more productive microsites. We measured aboveground biomass in the field and in common gardens with five plant species in their native and non-native ranges. For all species combined, exotic invaders increased total plot productivity in their non-native ranges by 91% in the field, and by 107% in the common garden, but had much smaller or no such effects in their native ranges. Thus, exotic invaders appear to be a driver of increased productivity, not simply a passenger, but only in their non-native ranges.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144767331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Convergence in Symbiont-Induced Plant-Mediated Responses to Herbivory: Cascading Effects for Foraging Parasitoids 共生诱导植物对草食反应的趋同：寄生蜂觅食的级联效应

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/ele.70183

Antonino Cusumano, Serge Urbach, Veronique Jouan, Heiko Vogel, Marcel Dicke, Anne-Nathalie Volkoff, Erik H. Poelman

{"title":"Convergence in Symbiont-Induced Plant-Mediated Responses to Herbivory: Cascading Effects for Foraging Parasitoids","authors":"Antonino Cusumano, Serge Urbach, Veronique Jouan, Heiko Vogel, Marcel Dicke, Anne-Nathalie Volkoff, Erik H. Poelman","doi":"10.1111/ele.70183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70183","url":null,"abstract":"Convergent evolution arises when unrelated species develop similar traits without a shared ancestral origin possessing those characteristics. While typically observed at the organismal level, it can also occur at higher levels of biological organisation. Polydnaviruses represent a striking example of convergent evolution. These viruses, divided into bracoviruses and ichnoviruses, were independently acquired by braconid and ichneumonid parasitoid wasps respectively, to deliver pathogenic genes to caterpillar hosts. Here we show convergent patterns across trophic levels, demonstrating that both bracoviruses and ichnoviruses induce changes in plant-phenotypic traits that specifically benefit their parasitoid partners, facilitating plant-mediated host discrimination. This is achieved through an interaction network triggered by changes in the polydnavirus-infected herbivore (via alteration in regurgitant composition) which eventually affected parasitoids' foraging decisions. Our findings unveil a novel ecological benefit that polydnaviruses offer to their parasitoid partners through intricate, plant-mediated effects, providing evidence of convergence in symbiont-induced responses in terrestrial trophic systems.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.70183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Natural History Collections at the Crossroads: Shifting Priorities and Data-Driven Opportunities 十字路口的自然历史收藏：转移优先事项和数据驱动的机会

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/ele.70188

Owen Forbes, Peter H. Thrall, Andrew G. Young, Cheng Soon Ong

{"title":"Natural History Collections at the Crossroads: Shifting Priorities and Data-Driven Opportunities","authors":"Owen Forbes, Peter H. Thrall, Andrew G. Young, Cheng Soon Ong","doi":"10.1111/ele.70188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70188","url":null,"abstract":"Natural history collections face a critical juncture as environmental change and biodiversity crises accelerate. While collections data are key components of eco-evolutionary and environmental research in both fundamental and applied contexts, collecting strategies remain primarily taxonomically motivated. We argue that sampling strategies must evolve to better address broader ecological challenges, through emerging applications enabled by advances in data science and digital technology. Here, we propose a flexible framework using modern statistical approaches to optimise sampling design and research prioritisation. By considering biodiversity, environmental, spatial and temporal dimensions, we demonstrate how information theory and decision science tools can support strategic collecting, databasing and digitisation efforts. Our framework provides an evidence-based pathway for collections to enhance their role as critical research infrastructure for addressing 21st century environmental challenges. To illustrate this data-driven approach to research prioritisation, we present an example based on sampling design for wombats (Vombatus ursinus) in Australia.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.70188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Counteracting Cascades Challenge the Heterogeneity—Stability Relationship 反级联挑战异质性-稳定性关系

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/ele.70158

Jordi Sola, Tom P. Fairchild, Matthew J. Perkins, James C. Bull, John N. Griffin

{"title":"Counteracting Cascades Challenge the Heterogeneity—Stability Relationship","authors":"Jordi Sola, Tom P. Fairchild, Matthew J. Perkins, James C. Bull, John N. Griffin","doi":"10.1111/ele.70158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70158","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial environmental heterogeneity is widely assumed to enhance ecological stability by promoting refugia, biodiversity and asynchrony. Yet, we lack field experiments testing this fundamental relationship and its underlying mechanisms in naturally assembled multitrophic systems. To address this gap, we monitored experimental substrates replicating topographic heterogeneity on a rocky shore over 3 years. Contrary to theory, heterogeneity showed no net effect on community stability due to four counteracting pathways. Heterogeneity increased stability by (i) providing refugia that enhanced population stability and (ii) boosting species richness, which promoted asynchrony. At the same time, it decreased stability by (iii) reducing a dominant non-native species and (iv) suppressing consumers, both of which otherwise stabilised community composition. These opposing processes cancelled out the heterogeneity–stability relationship, highlighting the complex and multi-causal nature of this relationship. We caution against the assumption that increasing heterogeneity universally enhances stability, particularly in systems with strong consumer interactions and dominant species.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.70158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Continental Patterns of Phenotypic Variation Along Replicated Urban Gradients: A Mega-Analysis 沿复制城市梯度的大陆表型变异模式：一项大型分析

IF 7.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1111/ele.70180

M. J. Thompson, J. G. A. Martin, C. Biard, J. Bleu, C. J. Branston, P. Capilla-Lasheras, N. J. Dingemanse, D. M. Dominoni, M. Eens, T. Eeva, K. L. Evans, C. Isaksson, A. Liker, S. Massemin, E. Matthysen, A. Mouchet, S. Perret, J. C. Senar, G. Seress, M. Szulkin, E. Vincze, H. Watson, D. Réale, A. Charmantier

{"title":"Continental Patterns of Phenotypic Variation Along Replicated Urban Gradients: A Mega-Analysis","authors":"M. J. Thompson, J. G. A. Martin, C. Biard, J. Bleu, C. J. Branston, P. Capilla-Lasheras, N. J. Dingemanse, D. M. Dominoni, M. Eens, T. Eeva, K. L. Evans, C. Isaksson, A. Liker, S. Massemin, E. Matthysen, A. Mouchet, S. Perret, J. C. Senar, G. Seress, M. Szulkin, E. Vincze, H. Watson, D. Réale, A. Charmantier","doi":"10.1111/ele.70180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70180","url":null,"abstract":"Individual variation among and within natural populations can have eco-evolutionary implications by, for example, affecting species interactions or evolutionary potential. Urban systems present a unique opportunity to evaluate how environmental change shapes variation since urban phenotypic differentiation is widely documented on contemporary timescales. We introduce and test three hypotheses to determine how urbanisation affects phenotypic variation at different population levels. Combining 21 long-term datasets in a mega-analysis approach, we synthesise how urbanisation impacts variation in tarsus length and lay date among and within subpopulations of great and blue tits (Parus major, Cyanistes caeruleus ) at a continental scale. Our synthesis reveals that urbanisation is associated with increased phenotypic variation within subpopulations by 11% on average, and by as much as 25% across the species and traits examined. We also find some evidence (for tarsus length in great tits) that urbanisation increases differentiation between subpopulations. We did not, however, find that urbanisation increases differences between subpopulations in their within-subpopulation variation. Our synthesis provides novel insights into how urban contexts impact individual diversity at different spatial scales and we highlight future directions that could establish the genetic and environmental effects that underlie these continental patterns of urban phenotypic variation.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"28 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.70180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Presence-Only to Abundance Species Distribution Models Using Transfer Learning 使用迁移学习的物种分布模型从仅存在到丰度

IF 7.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1111/ele.70177

Benjamin Bourel, Alexis Joly, Maximilien Servajean, Simon Bettinger, José Antonio Sanabria-Fernández, David Mouillot

{"title":"From Presence-Only to Abundance Species Distribution Models Using Transfer Learning","authors":"Benjamin Bourel, Alexis Joly, Maximilien Servajean, Simon Bettinger, José Antonio Sanabria-Fernández, David Mouillot","doi":"10.1111/ele.70177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70177","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Species Distribution Models based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN-SDMs) have recently emerged, demonstrating greater effectiveness than traditional SDMs in several contexts. A limited number of studies, however, have focused on species abundance patterns, as the datasets available for this purpose are generally too small to effectively learn a deep learning model with millions of parameters. Our study demonstrated that CNN-SDMs can circumvent the small sample size of species abundance datasets through the combined use of a large presence-only species dataset and transfer learning to significantly improve the performance of abundance-based CNN-SDMs. Applied to Mediterranean coastal fishes, our approach significantly improves the abundance prediction performance of CNN-SDMs, with average gains of 35% (D-squared regression score). This allows CNN-SDMs to perform better than classical SDMs in abundance prediction, with average gains of 10%. These gains are stemming from enhanced abundance predictions for rare species and where widespread species are locally rare.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"28 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scaling of Extinction Time With Habitat Size in Experimental Populations 实验种群灭绝时间与栖息地大小的比例关系

IF 7.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1111/ele.70178

John M. Drake, Éric Marty, Anurag Sau

{"title":"Scaling of Extinction Time With Habitat Size in Experimental Populations","authors":"John M. Drake, Éric Marty, Anurag Sau","doi":"10.1111/ele.70178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70178","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical models suggest that the mean time to extinction scales with habitat size through either exponential or power law relationships, depending on demographic and environmental stochasticity. Despite extensive theoretical work, empirical validation of these scaling relationships is limited. Here, we report a microcosm study of Daphnia magna populations in experimental chambers consisting of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32 patches, with a total of 35 populations monitored daily until extinction. We tested the scaling of extinction time with patch count using nonlinear regression models for both exponential and power law functions, comparing model fit with mean squared error. Overall, the data supported the power law over an exponential relationship (bootstrapped <math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>p</mi>\u0000 <mo><</mo>\u0000 <mn>0.00001</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ p<0.00001 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>) although the difference between the models is not evident when comparing some treatment levels. Our experiment provides the first empirical test of long-standing theoretical predictions and lays a foundation for future studies to expand the understanding of extinction dynamics in ecological systems.","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"28 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.70178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0