Journal of Intellectual Disability Research最新文献

{"title":"Characterizing Sedentary Behaviour in Residents With Intellectual Disability in Community Living Arrangements.","authors":"Paige Laxton, Sean Healy, Benjamin Brewer, Bryan McCormick, Elizabeth Orsega-Smith, Lee Smith, Julie Daly, Freda Patterson","doi":"10.1111/jir.70095","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jir.70095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adults with intellectual disabilities (IDs), particularly those who reside in community living arrangements (CLAs), are at high risk for these chronic diseases. Sedentary behaviour (SB) is an emergent, independent risk factor for several chronic diseases including cardiovascular and metabolic conditions. SB may represent a potent behavioural target to mitigate chronic disease risk in adults with ID who live in CLAs. Limiting the development of interventions to address SB is a lack of understanding of device-estimated SB patterns. Also not clear are the individual-level determinants of SB in this high-risk group of CLA residents with ID. The current study sought to address these knowledge gaps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional observational study design was used to characterize SB patterns and individual-level determinants of SB in adults with ID living in CLAs. Thirty-eight adults from 24 different CLAs wore activPAL devices for 1 week to enable device estimates of SB. activPAL data were processed, and the study outcomes of daily time spent in SB, SB bout lengths, sedentary breaks and prolonged SB were generated. Participants also completed an online survey to assess individual factors, which included demographics, independence, programming and health status. Univariate statistics were used to describe SB patterns and logistic regression models were used to ascertain the association between individual factors and SB variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, the sample were aged 44.79 years (SD = 14.9), and 60.53% were male. The sample were highly sedentary: 47.37% engaged in prolonged SB, the daily average time in SB was 7.46 h (SD = 2.18), and an average of 32.4 daily SB bouts (95% CI = 28.9, 35.9) lasted 17.7 min (95% CI = 13.8, 21.7). Participants requiring more assistance with ADLs were more likely to have longer uninterrupted sedentary bouts (95% CI = 0.169, 1.721; β = 0.945; p = 0.018) and total daily duration of SB (95% CI = 4.58, 20.21; β = 12.394; p = 0.003). Those with less than a high school education had sedentary bouts that were ~15 min longer (95% CI = 3.21, 25.69; p = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adults with ID living in CLAs spent almost 8 h of their waking day in SB. Those with lower levels of independence and education were more likely to have higher levels of SB. CLAs may represent a critical opportunity for targeted, place-based interventions to reduce time spent in SB.</p>","PeriodicalId":16163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research","volume":" ","pages":"588-598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147355286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practice Patterns and Barriers in the Assessment and Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children With Down Syndrome.","authors":"Noemi Alice Spinazzi, Hannah Rea, Jonathan D Santoro, Kate Pawlowski, Nicole Baumer, Lina Patel, Darren Olsen, Sabrina Sargado, Marie Moore Channell","doi":"10.1111/jir.70117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.70117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is common in individuals with Down syndrome (DS), with an estimated prevalence of 16%-18%. However, receiving a dual diagnosis of Down syndrome and ASD (DS + ASD) is often delayed. Little evidence exists on the path to ASD diagnosis nor interventions to support individuals with DS + ASD. Barriers to diagnosis and treatment for this unique patient population have yet to be described. This study explores clinicians' practices and perceptions regarding the diagnosis and treatment DS + ASD, and the barriers their patients face in connecting to recommended evaluations and services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used an anonymous web-based survey developed by a group of physicians, psychologists and researchers who work with individuals with DS, ASD and DS + ASD. The survey queried clinicians from various specialties about their practice patterns regarding assessment of suspected ASD in individuals with DS. The survey inquired about treatment recommendations for DS + ASD and perceived barriers to connecting families with evaluations and services. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most respondents believe diagnosing ASD in individuals with DS significantly impacts management. Challenges were reported in accessing diagnostic evaluations, with heavy reliance on highly specialised DS and ASD clinics. Communication impairment (n = 64, 65%), aggressive behaviours (n = 38, 39%), self-injurious behaviours (n = 33, 34%) and adaptive skills (n = 27, 28%) are priority targets for intervention, and applied behavioural analysis (ABA) (n = 80, 82%), speech therapy through insurance (n = 60, 61%), augmentative and alternative communication evaluation through insurance (n = 59, 60%), and occupational therapy through insurance (n = 57, 58%) are the most frequent referrals following a diagnosis of DS + ASD. All respondents identified multiple barriers to care for individuals with DS + ASD, including waitlists, insurance networks and requirements, lack of experienced providers and high turnover.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlighted the complexity of caring for individuals with DS + ASD, revealed the heterogeneity of practice patterns among providers, and reported multiple barriers to care for this underserved patient population. Results should prompt work aimed at redressing barriers to care and additional research in the field of effective interventions for individuals with DS + ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":16163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research","volume":"70 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148065713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Person-Centred Planning and Service Coordination With Health Outcomes of Adults With Developmental Disabilities.","authors":"Elad Daniels, Joseph Caldwell, Kaitlin Stober","doi":"10.1111/jir.70109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) experience significant health and healthcare disparities. Home and community-based services (HCBS) are crucial for the health and well-being of adults with IDD, and national regulations mandate person-centred planning (PCP) for all HCBS service administration. Despite these requirements, limited evidence exists on how PCP impacts health outcomes. This study examines the association of PCP and health outcomes, unmet healthcare needs and preventative care access.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study uses 2021-2023 National Core Indicators for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (NCI-IDD) In-Person Survey data from 36 states, with an analytical sample of 12 022 adults with IDD. Three composite measures were constructed to capture distinct self-reported dimensions on the person-centredness of the planning meeting, service plan and service coordination. Each measure was dichotomised to distinguish dimensions that were not fully person-centred (0) from those that were (1). Dependent variables include seven items on health outcomes, unmet healthcare needs and preventative care. Modified Poisson multivariate regression models examined the association of PCP and health and healthcare outcomes via adjusted relative risk estimates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>People with fully person-centred planning meetings and service coordination were less likely to have unmet needs in finding doctors (0.79, p = 0.018; 0.74, p = 0.037) and managing medications (0.72, p = 0.004; 0.74, p = 0.031). Fully person-centred service coordination was associated with lower unmet mental health needs (0.75, p = 0.025), better self-reported health (0.84, p = 0.019) and lower chance of emergency room visits (0.89, p = 0.019). Service coordination consistently showed the largest protective influence against unmet needs and adverse health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study contributes new evidence that PCP, and particularly person-centred service coordination, is associated with better health and healthcare outcomes for people with IDD. These findings are crucial for addressing IDD health disparities and offer insights for state compliance with national quality measurement requirements for PCP.</p>","PeriodicalId":16163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research","volume":"70 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148088195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Validity of Questionnaires to Assess Communication Skills in People With Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review","authors":"Catriona Windsor,&nbsp;Kari-Anne Bottegård Næss,&nbsp;Melanie Kirmess,&nbsp;Stijn Deckers,&nbsp;Natalie Ballentine,&nbsp;Sangwon Yoon,&nbsp;Renée Speyer","doi":"10.1111/jir.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jir.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Assessing communication in individuals with intellectual disabilities is essential yet challenging because of the complexity of the construct and limited availability of psychometrically robust tools. This review aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of communication questionnaires used with this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and COSMIN definitions for validity and reliability. Five databases (Cinahl, Embase, Eric, PsycINFO and PubMed) were searched for studies published from 2000 to 2024. Inclusion criteria required questionnaires to assess communication in individuals with intellectual disabilities and report on validity or reliability. Methodological quality was appraised using the QualSyst tool.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six questionnaires described in five studies and three manuals met the inclusion criteria. Validity evidence was more frequently reported than reliability, though both were inconsistently documented. No questionnaire demonstrated a comprehensive evaluation of validity or reliability. Content validity was often limited by a lack of stakeholder involvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Current questionnaires show promise but require further validation. Future research should prioritise stakeholder engagement, content and structural validity to ensure an inclusive, reliable communication assessment.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Prospero Id:</b> CRD42023413902</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research","volume":"70 5","pages":"449-471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jir.70063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145654236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Barriers and Facilitators to Physical Activity Behaviour in Older Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Lessons From and for a Co-Design Study","authors":"Kim Adriaanse,&nbsp;Jos J. Kraal,&nbsp;Marije S. Bunskoek,&nbsp;Alyt Oppewal,&nbsp;Niko J. H. Vegt","doi":"10.1111/jir.70094","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jir.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Physical activity (PA) is one of the core components of healthy ageing. For older adults with intellectual disabilities (ID), PA is even more important because they often have a more sedentary and inactive lifestyle and more health problems than do older adults without ID. To promote PA, we explored personal and contextual barriers and facilitators to PA for this group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used a research-through-design approach with six older adults with ID in a specific care home facility. By applying co-design methods, older adults with ID, caregivers and other stakeholders were involved from the beginning in (1) listing barriers and facilitators, (2) exploring PA-promoting interventions and (3) adapting co-design methods to the target group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our work resulted in a list of barriers and facilitators for the participants to perform PA, related to the personal characteristics of the participants, the provided PAs and the physical and social context. Further, a PA-stimulating intervention prototype and lessons learned regarding co-design with older adults with ID were developed. It became clear that a modular, adaptive intervention is necessary to accommodate the individual needs and wishes of older adults with ID. The same adaptive approach was required to meaningfully involve them in the research and design process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Older adults with ID cannot be regarded as a homogeneous group, and there is no one-size-fits-all solution for promoting their PA. Basic components for an intervention can be provided, yet they always require adaptations to personal and contextual circumstances. The identified barriers and facilitators, intervention prototype and co-design lessons can provide guidance for creating tailored interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research","volume":"70 5","pages":"541-550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13065436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147433343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Adults With Severe or Moderate Intellectual Disability Using the Diagnostic Interview Trauma and Stressors–Severe Intellectual Disability","authors":"Annemieke Hoogstad,&nbsp;Samantha Bouwmeester,&nbsp;Liesbeth Mevissen,&nbsp;Robert Didden","doi":"10.1111/jir.70084","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jir.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Until recently, no diagnostic instrument was available to classify posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in individuals with severe or moderate intellectual disability (SID). This study investigates the Diagnostic Interview Trauma and Stressors–Severe Intellectual Disability (DITS-SID), a caregiver-administered interview corresponding with DSM-5(TR) PTSD criteria for children ≤ 6 years. Interrater reliability and convergent and content validity were examined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The DITS-SID, Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Child and Adolescent Trauma Screener 3–6 (KJTS 3–6) were administered to relatives and professional caregivers of 97 adults with SID.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interrater reliability was good to excellent. Convergent validity was supported by correlations with ABC and KJTS 3–6 scores. Content validity appeared good as adults who met PTSD symptom criteria had, on average, higher interference scores, higher DITS-SID atypical symptom scores and a greater number of experienced traumas and stressors. No association was found between meeting PTSD symptom criteria and PTSD criterion A.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The DITS-SID appears feasible for classifying PTSD in adults with SID. Future research should evaluate its validity in children with SID.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research","volume":"70 5","pages":"472-480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13065437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146064222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of an Exercise Intervention in Adults With Down Syndrome and Congenital Heart Disease: A Secondary Analysis","authors":"Julianne G. Clina,&nbsp;Brian C. Helsel,&nbsp;David A. White,&nbsp;Joseph R. Sherman,&nbsp;Anna M. Rice,&nbsp;Daniel E. Forsha,&nbsp;Jessica C. Danon,&nbsp;Amy E. Bodde,&nbsp;Joseph E. Donnelly,&nbsp;Richard A. Washburn,&nbsp;Lauren T. Ptomey","doi":"10.1111/jir.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jir.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adults with Down syndrome (DS) are less physically active than those without DS. Among adults with DS, those with congenital heart disease (CHD) have lower physical activity than those without CHD. Many trials exclude people with CHD from exercise trials; thus, the safety and effectiveness of these interventions for increasing physical activity and fitness in adults with DS and CHD are not known. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the safety and preliminary effectiveness of an exercise intervention in adults with DS and CHD for increasing physical activity and fitness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This secondary analysis used data from a 12-month randomized controlled physical activity intervention for adults with DS. Safety of the intervention was assessed as number and severity of adverse events and compared by CHD status. Changes in physical activity (accelerometry) and fitness (VO_2peak) among those with CHD were evaluated using mixed effects models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-six participants had CHD and were randomized to one of the exercise intervention arms (average age 25.5 years, 55.6% female). There were no differences in number (CHD: 18 vs. no CHD 22 events; rate ratio 1.02, <i>p</i> = 0.94) or severity (<i>p</i> = 0.25) of adverse events between those with and without CHD. Participants significantly increased moderate-to-vigorous physical activity minutes per day (+8.6 min/day, <i>p</i> = 0.045) and VO_2peak (+2.1 mL/kg/min, <i>p</i> = 0.036).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results from this analysis show preliminary support for young adults with DS and CHD to safely participate in exercise interventions that are appropriately designed for their inclusion. These interventions also demonstrate preliminary effectiveness for increasing physical activity and fitness. Findings should be repeated and confirmed in a larger, more diverse sample to understand the safety and impact of exercise on health in persons with DS and CHD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research","volume":"70 5","pages":"491-499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12893337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146113409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated With the Receipt of Female Breast Cancer Treatment Among People Living With Intellectual or Developmental Disabilities: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Rebecca L. W. Hansford,&nbsp;Brooke Wilson,&nbsp;Rebecca Griffiths,&nbsp;Alyson L. Mahar","doi":"10.1111/jir.70089","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jir.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>People with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD) experience breast cancer care inequities relative to those without IDD. Identifying factors associated with receipt of breast cancer treatment among those with IDD is needed to provide guidance and inform resources for improving patient-centred care. This study explores factors associated with receipt of breast cancer treatment among individuals with IDD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study with administrative health data in Ontario, Canada. Adults with IDD diagnosed with Stage I–III female breast cancer between 2007 and 2018 were included. We examined factors associated with receipt of breast cancer treatment based on stage-specific guideline recommendations. Sociodemographic (e.g., age, region, and rurality), clinical (e.g., comorbidities), cancer-related (e.g., stage at diagnosis and nodal status) and health system (e.g., family interview with a physician) factors associated with overall treatment, surgical resection, mastectomy and radiation were explored using modified Poisson regression with robust standard error variance. Crude and adjusted risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The overall treatment cohort, surgical resection cohort, mastectomy cohort and radiation cohort included 365, 365, 333 and 138 females with IDD, respectively. Age, stage at diagnosis and lymph node status were significantly associated with overall breast cancer treatment. We identified that age, grade, lymph node status and radiation consult were significantly associated with surgical resection receipt. Among individuals who received surgery, those who were older, who had more advanced stages at diagnosis or who had a family interview were more likely to have mastectomy rather than breast-conserving surgery. Age and lymph node status were significantly associated with receipt of radiation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sociodemographic, clinical, cancer-related and health system factors were associated with receipt of breast cancer treatment in a sample of breast cancer patients with IDD. Overall, these findings suggest that health system factors could contribute to disparities in treatment among individuals with IDD diagnosed with breast cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research","volume":"70 5","pages":"500-517"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13065434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147271260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}