Ling Sun, Shijia He, Bo Cheng, Yao Shen, Wenhao Zhao, Rong Tu, Shushan Zhang
{"title":"White Matter Microstructure Alteration in Patients with Drug-Induced Parkinsonism: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study with Tract-Based Spatial Statistics.","authors":"Ling Sun, Shijia He, Bo Cheng, Yao Shen, Wenhao Zhao, Rong Tu, Shushan Zhang","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2311202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2311202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This research aimed to investigate the pathophysiological mechanism of how drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) affects the integrity of the white matter (WM) fiber microstructure as measured by magnetic resonance diffusion tensor image (DTI) fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 17 participants diagnosed with DIP, 20 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, and 16 normal controls (NCs) with a similar age, gender, and years of education. Subsequently, all participants underwent DTI magnetic resonance imaging scanning. To analyze the data, we utilized the software packages Functional MRI of the Brain Centre (FMRIB) Diffusion Toolbox (FDT), developed by the FMRIB laboratory at Oxford University, and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Argentina Hyposmia Rating Scale (AHRS) scores of patients in DIP group were markedly higher than those in PD patients group. Compared with the NC group, the FA values in the genu and body of the corpus callosum (CC), anterior limb of the right internal capsule, bilateral anterior corona radiata, bilateral superior corona radiata, right external capsule, and right superior fronto-occipital fasciculus (could be a part of the anterior internal capsule) were significantly decreased in the DIP group; however, no significant cluster was found in MD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study provides novel insights into the alterations in WM microstructure among DIP patients, suggesting that these methodologies have the potential to aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of DIP.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 11","pages":"202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Atypical Meningioma: State of Art and Future Perspectives.","authors":"Fabio Torregrossa, Giovanni Grasso","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2311199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2311199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 11","pages":"199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neurophysiology and Molecular Basis of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Patients with Insomnia: Implications for Non-Pharmacological Approaches.","authors":"Guimei Zhang, Sisi Wang, Ping Ma, Jiyang Pan","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2311200","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.jin2311200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is a widely used psychological intervention known for its effectiveness in improving insomnia symptoms. However, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the cognitive-behavioral treatment of insomnia remain unclear. This narrative review aimed to elucidate the neurophysiological and molecular mechanisms of CBT-I, focusing on the fields of psychology, neurophysiology, neuroendocrinology, immunology, medical microbiology, epigenetics, neuroimaging and brain function. A comprehensive search was conducted using databases including: PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and Web of Science, with customized search strategies tailored to each database that included controlled vocabulary and alternative synonyms. It revealed that CBT-I may have a beneficial effect on the central nervous system, boost the immune system, upregulate genes involved in interferon and antibody responses, enhance functional connectivity between the hippocampus and frontoparietal areas and increase cortical gray matter thickness. In conclusion, an integrated model is proposed that elucidates the mechanisms of CBT-I and offers a new direction for investigations into its neurophysiological mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 11","pages":"200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142754952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lentivirus-Mediated Missense Mutation in HtrA1 Leads to Activation of the TGF-β/Smads Pathway and Increased Apoptosis of Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells via the Oxidative Stress Pathway.","authors":"Shi-Na Song, Hui-Juan Li, Jian-Lin Liang, Qian-Qian Ren, Chang-Xin Li, Sui-Yi Xu","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2311201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2311201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms underlying cerebral small vessel disease caused by a missense mutation in the high-temperature serine peptidase A1 gene, <i>HtrA1</i> (NM_002775.4, Exon4, c.905G>A, p.Arg302Gln). Stable strain models were constructed using wild-type and mutant <i>HtrA1</i> overexpression lentiviral vectors to infect mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3 cells).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>HtrA1</i> mRNA and protein expression were analyzed by Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blot technique was also used to evaluate the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smads-related signaling pathway proteins and the oxidative stress pathway protein nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4). The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was evaluated using dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescent probes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>HtrA1</i> mRNA and protein expression levels were found to be decreased in mutant cells, whereas the levels of ROS, the TGF-β/Smads proteins, and the caspase3 and cleaved-caspase3 apoptotic proteins were increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lentivirus-mediated missense mutation in <i>HtrA1</i> leads to activation of the TGF-β/Smads pathway and to increased apoptosis of mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells via the oxidative stress pathway. Further <i>in vivo</i> studies are required to explore the connections between different signaling pathways in animals, and to identify potential molecular targets for clinical therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 11","pages":"201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Mendelian Randomization Study about Causal Associations between Tofu Consumption and Stroke as well as Related Subtypes.","authors":"Yan Wang, Yunlong Liu, Mingwu Xia, Shugang Cao","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2311198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2311198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Consuming soy in the diet is beneficial for health, and tofu possess the richest source of dietary soy. However, the specific association with stroke and related subtypes remains controversial. In this study, the genetic causal relationship among tofu and stroke as well as the subtypes was investigated by utilizing the data in a number of genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The tofu intake GWAS analysis is derived from the Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol (MRC-IEU) Consortium. The two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was carried out, utilizing multiple analysis methods to analyze the associations with stroke and related subtypes. The sensitivity, heterogeneity, and potential pleiotropy could be investigated by multiple analysis method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that tofu intake had no causal relationship with stroke. However, in stroke subtype, there is a causal relationship among tofu intake with the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (odds ratio, OR = 1.24 × 10<sup>-5</sup>, 95% CI: 1.54 × 10<sup>-8</sup>-9.95 × 10<sup>-3</sup>, <i>p</i> = 9.300 × 10<sup>-4</sup>), while tofu intake does not affect the risk of ischemic stroke (OR = 1.07 × 10<sup>-1</sup>, 95% CI: 3.84 × 10<sup>-4</sup>-2.97 × 10<sup>1</sup>, <i>p</i> = 4.362 × 10<sup>-1</sup>) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) (OR = 3.33 × 10<sup>-3</sup>, 95% CI: 1.79 × 10<sup>-6</sup>-6.18, <i>p</i> = 1.373 × 10<sup>-1</sup>). Both the Mendelian randomization PRESSO (MR-PRESSO) global test and Cochran's Q test did not detect any sensitivity and heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While tofu consumption is associated with a higher risk of ICH, it does not show a significant relationship with ischemic stroke or SAH. The varying effects of tofu on different stroke subtypes underscore the need for considering potential confounding dietary and lifestyle factors in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 11","pages":"198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142754999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Avicularin Treatment Ameliorates Ischemic Stroke Damage by Regulating Microglia Polarization and its Exosomes via the NLRP3 Pathway.","authors":"Yan Shi, Yufeng Yang, Juntong Liu, Jinling Zheng","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2311196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2311196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Avicularin (AL), an ingredient of Banxia, has anti-inflammatory properties in cerebral disease and regulates polarization of macrophages, but its effects on ischemic stroke (IS) damage have not been studied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>In vivo</i>, AL was administered by oral gavage to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) C57BL/6J mice in doses of 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg/day for seven days, and, <i>in vitro</i>, AL was added to treat oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-BV2 cells. Modified neurological severity score, Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, brain-water-content detection, TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence assay, Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western-blot analysis were used to investigate the functions and mechanism of the effect of AL treatment on IS. The exosomes of AL-treated microglia were studied by transmission electron microscope (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analyzer (NTA), and Western-blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AL treatment reduced the neurological severity score, infarct volume, brain-water content, neuronal apoptosis, and the release of inflammatory factors, that were induced by MCAO/R. Notably, M2 microglia polarization was promoted but M1 microglia polarization was inhibited by AL in the ischemic penumbra of MCAO/R mice. Subsequently, anti-inflammatory and polarization-regulating effects of AL were verified <i>in vitro</i>. Suppressed NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation was found in the ischemic penumbra of animal and Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation (OGD/R) cells treated with AL, as evidenced by decreasing NLRP3-inflammasome-related protein and downstream factors. After AL treatment, the anti-apoptosis effect of microglial exosomes on OGD/R primary cortical neurons was increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AL reduce inflammatory responses and neuron death of IS-associated models by regulating microglia polarization by the NLRP3 pathway and by affecting microglial exosomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 11","pages":"196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular Insights into Tau Pathology and its Therapeutic Strategies in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Futao Zhou, Yushi Zhao, Yangyan Sun, Wanjiao Chen","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2311197","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.jin2311197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. The two major hallmarks of this disease are extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, accompanied by loss of neurons and synapses. The plaques and tangles mainly consist of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau protein, respectively. Most of the therapeutic strategies for AD to date have focused on Aβ. However, there is still no effective therapy available. In recent years, the clinical therapeutic failure of targeting Aβ pathology has resulted in increased interest towards tau-based therapeutics. In the current review, we focus on the research progress regarding the pathological mechanisms of tau protein in this disease and discuss tau-targeting therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 11","pages":"197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katherine G Warthen, Nicole C Walker, Bo Dehm Wicklund, Mia M Gonzalez, Nathan Ramirez, Stephanie C Gee, Hanaa Al-Dasouqi, Michelle R Madore
{"title":"Neuromodulation of the Cerebellum for Motor Applications: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Katherine G Warthen, Nicole C Walker, Bo Dehm Wicklund, Mia M Gonzalez, Nathan Ramirez, Stephanie C Gee, Hanaa Al-Dasouqi, Michelle R Madore","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2310195","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.jin2310195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the connections and clear importance of the cerebellum in motor function, research utilizing cerebellar neuromodulation for treatment of movement disorders is still underdeveloped. Here we conduct a systematic review to investigate non-invasive neurostimulation of the cerebellum and its potential impact on motor systems and its function. Our aim is to give a general review of each neurostimulation study focusing on the cerebellum as a treatment target in the past five years at time of search, in order to update the field on current findings and inspire similar cerebellar neurostimulation research without unnecessary repetition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, our search included articles over the past five years that evaluated neurostimulation of the cerebellum (e.g., transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, and transcranial alternating current stimulation, etc.). Inclusion criteria included: (1) neurostimulation (repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS)) of the cerebellum; (2) only original articles, and (3) outcomes focused on motor functions. Exclusion criteria included: (1) neurostimulation with the goal of targeting any brain structure other than the cerebellum and (2) reviews and conference abstracts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search revealed 82 distinct articles relevant to the research question. Included are 17 articles concerning rTMS, 56 articles concerning tDCS, and 9 articles concerning tACS. The majority of the studies are controlled trials of varying types, with 79, with two case studies and one pilot study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Many studies showed significant effects on motor function and circuitry via non-invasive neurostimulation of the cerebellum. Common targets of cerebellar neurostimulation include visuomotor control, stroke rehabilitation for improvements in balance and coordination, and motor skill acquisition. The field is still exploring ideal parameters of neurostimulation for each disorder or function of interest. Future research areas should include the inclusion of individual anatomy, including functional connectivity, and improving stimulation selectivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 10","pages":"195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Copper Overload Promotes β-amyloid Induced NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD-Mediated Pyroptosis in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Min-Juan Zhu, Ling Zhang, Chang-Peng Wang","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2310194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2310194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive decline and abnormal protein accumulation. Copper imbalance and pyroptosis play significant roles in the pathogenesis of AD. Recent studies have suggested that dysregulated copper homeostasis contributed to β-amyloid accumulation, which may activate the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)-related pyroptosis pathway, promoting neuronal damages and AD progression. Therefore, the present study aims to investigates whether copper facilitates AD through exacerbating β-amyloid (Aβ) induced activation of NLRP3/Caspase-1/Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated neuronal cell pyroptosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mouse hippocampal HT-22 cells were cultured with Aβ1-42 oligomer for 24 h as AD Model group. CuCl<sub>2</sub> treatment was administered to the AD cell model, and cell survivability levels were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and other relevant kits. Mitochondrial function was evaluated using Mitochondrial membrane potential dye JC-1 and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After intervention with the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950, activation of the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway by copper ions (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) was confirmed via Western Blot. Thioredoxin T (ThT) fluorescence assay was performed to observe the aggregation effect of Aβ induced by Cu<sup>2+</sup> overload.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CuCl<sub>2</sub> treatment of the AD cell model resulted in up-regulation of the levels of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-18 expression, which indicated activation of pyroptosis. We observed a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial swelling, and loss of mitochondrial cristae by fluorescence microscopy and TEM. ThT fluorescence imaging showed that Cu<sup>2+</sup> promoted Aβ aggregation and up-regulated NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ACS), Caspase-1, Cleaved Caspase-1, GSDMD, and Gasdermin D N-terminal (GSDMD-NT). The NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 partially reversed Cu<sup>2+</sup>-mediated pyroptosis in HT-22 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exposure to copper ions disrupt mitochondrial copper homeostasis, promotes Aβ aggregation, and activates NLRP3 inflammasomes, further promoting the Aβ aggregation activated pyroptosis in AD cell models.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 10","pages":"194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emerging Applications of Image Post-Processing 3D Visualisation for Cerebrovascular Diseases.","authors":"Jigen Dong, Shuai Zhou, Lipeng Jian, Lide Jin, Shengquan Huang","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2310193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2310193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracranial vascular-related diseases are a common occurrence in neurosurgery. They have complex and diverse pathogeneses; further, their diagnosis and treatment remain unclear. Three-dimensional image post-processing technology is an emerging technology that involves converting a brain image scan into a digital model using image post-processing software, thus establishing a 3D view of the region of interest. Three-dimensional visualisation of the brains of patients with cerebrovascular diseases can allow a more intuitive examination of the local anatomy of the lesion as well as the adjacency between the lesion and peripheral nerves, brain tissue, and skull bones. Subsequently, this informs pre-operative planning, allows more accurate diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases, and improves the safety of surgical treatment. This review summarised the current literature regarding cerebrovascular diseases and the application of 3D image post-processing technology in different cerebrovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 10","pages":"193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}