Journal of integrative neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Virtual Reality-Based Training on Upper Limb Dysfunction during Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: A Meta-Analysis Combined with Meta-Regression.","authors":"Jiali Zhang, Xin Jiang, Qiuzhu Xu, Enli Cai, Hao Ding","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2312225","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.jin2312225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recently, there has been a surge in virtual reality (VR)-based training for upper limb (UL) rehabilitation, which has yielded mixed results. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effects of conventional therapy combined with VR-based training on UL dysfunction during post-stroke rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies published in English before May 2023 were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. We also included randomized controlled trials that compared the use of conventional therapy and VR-based training with conventional therapy alone in post-stroke rehabilitation. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager Software (version 5.3; The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration; Copenhagen, Denmark) and Stata/MP 17.0 (StataCorp, LLC, College Station, TX, USA). Univariate and multivariate meta-regression analyses were performed to investigate the effects of stroke duration, VR characteristics, and type of conventional therapy on VR-based training.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 27 randomized controlled trials were included, which enrolled 1354 patients. Our results showed that conventional therapy plus VR-based training is better than conventional therapy alone in UL motor impairment recovery measured using Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.07-0.57, Z = 2.52, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Meta-regression showed that stroke duration had independent effects on Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity scores of VR-based training in rehabilitation (<i>p</i> = 0.041). Furthermore, in subgroup analysis based on stroke duration, stroke duration >6 months was statistically significant (SMD = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.01-0.39, Z = 2.06, <i>p</i> = 0.04). No relevant publication bias (<i>p</i> = 0.1303), and no significant difference in activity limitation assessed using the Box-Block Test (mean difference [MD] = 2.79, 95% CI: -0.63-6.20, Z = 1.60, <i>p</i> = 0.11) was observed. Regarding the functional independence measured using the Functional Independence Measure scale, studies presented no significant difference between the experimental and control groups (MD = 1.15, 95% CI: -1.84-4.14, Z = 0.76, <i>p</i> = 0.45).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Conventional therapy plus VR-based training is superior to conventional therapy alone in promoting the recovery of UL motor function after stroke. Therefore, VR-based training may be a potential option for improving UL motor function. The study was registered on PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/), registration number: CRD42023472709.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 12","pages":"225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coherent Changes in Neural Motor Network Activity during Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Elena S Brazhnik, Ivan E Mysin, Lyudmila B Popova, Vladislav V Minaychev, Nikolay I Novikov","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2312221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2312221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-term use of levodopa, a metabolic precursor of dopamine (DA) for alleviation of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), can cause a serious side effect known as levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). With the development of LID, high-frequency gamma oscillations (~100 Hz) are registered in the motor cortex (MCx) in patients with PD and rats with experimental PD. Studying alterations in the activity within major components of motor networks during transition from levodopa-off state to dyskinesia can provide useful information about their contribution to the development of abnormal gamma oscillations and LID.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Freely moving rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine hydrobromide (6-OHDA)-induced nigral DA cell lesions were administered a high dose of levodopa for 7 days. Local field potentials (LFPs) and neuronal activity were recorded from electrodes implanted in the motor cortex (MCx), ventromedial nucleus of the thalamus (VM), and substantia nigra pars reticulata nucleus (SNpr).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Levodopa reduced the power of beta oscillations (30-36 Hz) associated with bradykinesia in PD rats in three divisions of the motor neural network (MCx, VM, and SNpr) and prompted subsequent emergence of robust high-frequency gamma oscillations (80-120 Hz) in VM and MCx, but not SNpr, LFPs. Gamma oscillations were strongly associated with the occurrence of abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) and accompanied by an increase in spiking rates in the VM and MCx and enlarged spike-LFP synchronization with cortical gamma oscillations (68% in the VM and 34% in the MCx). In contrast, SNpr LFPs did not exhibit gamma oscillations during LID, and neuronal activity in most recordings (87%) was largely decreased and not synchronized with VM or MCx LFPs. Administration of the antidyskinetic drug 8-hydroxy-2-(dipropylamino)-tetraline hydrobromide (8-OH-DPAT) restored the initial characteristics of LFPs (30-36 Hz oscillations), rates of neuronal activity, and bradykinesia. Inhibition of VM neurons by the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA-A)-agonist muscimol during LID eliminated high gamma oscillations in the MCx and VM, but not dyskinesia, suggesting that gamma oscillations are not critical for the expression of AIMs. In contrast, chemogenetic activation of SNpr neurons during LID eliminated both gamma oscillations and dyskinesia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that levodopa treatment leads to crucial reduction of inhibitory control over motor networks due to a large decline in spiking of most SNpr GABAergic projecting neurons, which causes persistent hyperactivity in motor circuits, leading to the appearance of thalamocortical gamma oscillations and LID.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 12","pages":"221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Progress on Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: An Update.","authors":"Jing Sun, Xiaohong Du, Yong Chen","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2312224","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.jin2312224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) represents a significant clinical concern, particularly among elderly surgical patients. It is characterized by a decline in cognitive performance, affecting memory, attention, coordination, orientation, verbal fluency, and executive function. This decline in cognitive abilities leads to longer hospital stays and increased mortality. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current progress in understanding the relevant pathogenic factors, possible pathogenic mechanisms, diagnosing, prevention and treatment of POCD, as well as suggesting future research directions. It discusses neuronal damage, susceptible genes, central cholinergic system, central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, stress response and glucocorticoids, and oxidative stress in the development of POCD, aiming to uncover the pathological mechanism and develop effective treatment strategies for POCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 12","pages":"224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excess Ub-K48 Induces Neuronal Apoptosis in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Qiang Li, Yiyuan Yuan, Shi Huang, Guangfu Di, Haoyuan Chen, Yani Zhuang, Wanzhen Fang, Yanjiao Huang, Yinan Tao, Jing Jiang, Zhiliang Xu","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2312223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2312223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>K48-linked ubiquitin chain (Ub-K48) is a crucial ubiquitin chain implicated in protein degradation within the ubiquitin-proteasome system. However, the precise function and molecular mechanism underlying the role of Ub-K48 in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neuronal cell abnormalities remain unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the function of K48 ubiquitination in the etiology of AD, and its associated mechanism of neuronal apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mouse model of AD was constructed, and behavioral phenotypic changes were detected using an open field test (OFT). The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an early marker of AD, was detected by western blotting (WB). Neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal region was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Nissl staining. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed to observe the changes in Phosphorylated tubulin associated unit (p-Tau) and Ub-K48 colocalization in neurons of the hippocampal region of AD mice. WB was further applied to detect the degree of ubiquitylation of K48 and the expression of Tau, p-Tau, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) proteins in neuronal cells of the hippocampus and cortical regions of mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mice with AD exhibited significantly longer resting times (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and shorter average speeds (<i>p</i> < 0.01), total distances travelled (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and distances travelled (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in the central region than those in the control group. This indicated cognitive impairment, which occurred concurrent with an increased expression of the AD marker GFAP protein (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The hippocampal region of AD mice showed abnormalities with sparsely and irregularly arranged cells, large gaps between cells, lighter staining, unclear boundaries of the cell membranes and nuclei, and agglutinated and condensed nuclei (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The neuronal cells of AD mice exhibited significantly elevated levels of p-Tau (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and Ub-K48 (<i>p</i> < 0.01), as well as a notable degree of co-localization within the cells. The intracellular pro-inflammatory protein Bax was significantly upregulated (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was significantly lower than that in the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05), thus inducing apoptosis in AD neuronal cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ub-K48 is strongly linked to the development of AD. p-Tau aggregate in neuronal cells in the hippocampal region of the AD brain and colocalize with Ub-K48, which in turn leads to cellular inflammation and the induction of apoptosis in neuronal cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 12","pages":"223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperactivity in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: An Invisible Killer for Anxiety and/or Depression in Coronary Artherosclerotic Heart Disease.","authors":"Lan-Shuan Feng, Yi-Ming Wang, Huan Liu, Bo Ning, Hu-Bin Yu, Shi-Lin Li, Yu-Ting Wang, Ming-Jun Zhao, Jing Ma","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2312222","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.jin2312222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coexistence of anxiety or depression with coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant clinical challenge in cardiovascular medicine. Recent studies have indicated that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity could be a promising focus in understanding and addressing the development of treatments for comorbid CHD and anxiety or depression. The HPA axis helps to regulate the levels of inflammatory factors, thereby reducing oxidative stress damage, promoting platelet activation, and stabilizing gut microbiota, which enhance the survival and regeneration of neurons, endothelial cells, and other cell types, leading to neuroprotective and cardioprotective benefits. This review addresses the relevance of the HPA axis to the cardiovascular and nervous systems, as well as the latest research advancements regarding its mechanisms of action. The discussion includes a detailed function of the HPA axis in regulating the processes mentioned. Above all, it summarizes the therapeutic potential of HPA axis function as a biomarker for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease combined with anxiety or depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 12","pages":"222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLEC7A Knockdown Alleviates Ischemic Stroke by Inhibiting Pyroptosis and Microglia Activation.","authors":"Wei Li, Xiaoli Feng, Manyu Zhang, Kangmeng Wang, Kailai Huang, Zhenqiang Zhao, Min Xia","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2312219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2312219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ischemic stroke (IS) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Herein, we aimed to identify novel biomarkers and explore the role of C-type lectin domain family 7 member A (<i>CLEC7A</i>) in IS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the GSE106680, GSE97537, and GSE61616 datasets, and hub genes were identified through construction of protein-protein interaction networks. An IS model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R). Neural function was assessed using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, hematoxylin-eosin, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling. A cell counting kit was used to detect cell viability following oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). Inflammatory factors were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fc fragment of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) receptor IIIa (<i>FCGR3A</i>), Fc fragment of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor Ig (<i>FCER1G</i>), Complement component 5a receptor 1 (<i>C5AR1</i>), <i>CLEC7A</i>, Plasminogen activator, urokinase (<i>PLAU</i>), and C-C motif chemokine ligand 6 (<i>CCL6</i>) were identified as important hub genes, from which <i>CLEC7A</i> was selected as the primary subject of this study. The activation of microglia and pyroptosis were observed in MCAO/R model with increased levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-α, and lactate dehydrogenase. <i>CLEC7A</i> knockdown was found to promote cell viability in BV2 cells and inhibiting pyroptosis in HT22 cells. <i>CLEC7A</i> knockdown in microglia also decreased infarct volume and neurological deficit scores, and alleviated injury and neuronal apoptosis in IS rats. <i>CLEC7A</i> knockdown inhibited pyroptosis and microglial activation in the MCAO/R model. A pyroptosis activator reversed the effect of <i>CLEC7A</i> knockdown on the viability of OGD/R-treated HT22 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>CLEC7A</i> is a promising biomarker of IS. <i>CLEC7A</i> knockdown alleviates IS by inhibiting pyroptosis and microglial activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 12","pages":"219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Correlations between Volume Loss of Temporal and Subcortical Functional Subregions and Cognitive Impairment at Various Stages of Cognitive Decline.","authors":"Fang Lu, Cailing Shi, Dingcai Rao, Wenjun Yue","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2312220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2312220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between subregion atrophy in the entire temporal lobe and subcortical nuclei and cognitive decline at various stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected 711 participants from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, which included 195 cases of cognitively normal (CN), 271 cases of early Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (EMCI), 132 cases of late MCI (LMCI), and 113 cases of AD. we looked at how subregion atrophy in the temporal lobe and subcortical nuclei correlated with cognition at different stages of AD. The volume of the subregions was measured from the human Brainnetome atlas (BNA-246) using voxel-based morphometry and discriminant and correlation analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only the left premotor thalamus demonstrated significant shrinkage in individuals with EMCI (<i>p</i> = 0.012). Discriminant analysis revealed that the left rostral Brodmann area 20 has the highest discriminatory ability among all temporal subregions to distinguish patients with AD from CN. While the left caudal hippocampus can efficiently distinguish patients with LMCI from EMCI. While the right rostral Brodmann area 20 was the most effective in distinguishing AD from LMCI. Correlation analysis revealed that the left nucleus accumbens, left caudal area 35/36, and left sensory thalamus had a mild correlation with cognitive scores measured using the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-cog) 13 and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings show that the right rostral area 20 in the inferior temporal gyrus plays a significant role in cognitive impairment in AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 12","pages":"220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motion Cognitive Decoding of Cross-Subject Motor Imagery Guided on Different Visual Stimulus Materials.","authors":"Tian-Jian Luo, Jing Li, Rui Li, Xiang Zhang, Shen-Rui Wu, Hua Peng","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2312218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2312218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Motor imagery (MI) plays an important role in brain-computer interfaces, especially in evoking event-related desynchronization and synchronization (ERD/S) rhythms in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. However, the procedure for performing a MI task for a single subject is subjective, making it difficult to determine the actual situation of an individual's MI task and resulting in significant individual EEG response variations during motion cognitive decoding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To explore this issue, we designed three visual stimuli (arrow, human, and robot), each of which was used to present three MI tasks (left arm, right arm, and feet), and evaluated differences in brain response in terms of ERD/S rhythms. To compare subject-specific variations of different visual stimuli, a novel cross-subject MI-EEG classification method was proposed for the three visual stimuli. The proposed method employed a covariance matrix centroid alignment for preprocessing of EEG samples, followed by a model agnostic meta-learning method for cross-subject MI-EEG classification.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>The experimental results showed that robot stimulus materials were better than arrow or human stimulus materials, with an optimal cross-subject motion cognitive decoding accuracy of 79.04%. Moreover, the proposed method produced robust classification of cross-subject MI-EEG signal decoding, showing superior results to conventional methods on collected EEG signals.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 12","pages":"218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroimaging Correlates of the NIH-Toolbox-Driven Cognitive Metrics in Children.","authors":"Hector Acosta-Rodriguez, Cuiping Yuan, Pratheek Bobba, Alicia Stephan, Tal Zeevi, Ajay Malhotra, Anh Tuan Tran, Simone Kaltenhauser, Seyedmehdi Payabvash","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2312217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2312217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox Cognition Battery is increasingly being used as a standardized test to examine cognitive functioning in multicentric studies. This study examines the associations between the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery composite scores with neuroimaging metrics using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study to elucidate the neurobiological and neuroanatomical correlates of these cognitive scores.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Neuroimaging data from 5290 children (mean age 9.9 years) were analyzed, assessing the correlation of the composite scores with Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI), and resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fMRI). Results were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, head size, body mass index (BMI), and parental income and education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher fluid cognition composite scores were linked to greater white matter (WM) microstructural integrity, lower cortical thickness, greater cortical surface area, and mixed associations with rs-fMRI. Conversely, crystallized cognition composite scores showed more complex associations, suggesting that higher scores correlated with lower WM microstructure integrity. Total cognition scores reflected patterns consistent with a combination of both fluid and crystallized cognition, but with diluted specific insights. Our findings highlight the complexity of the neuroimaging correlates of the NIH Toolbox composite scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that fluid cognition composite scores may serve as a marker for cognitive functioning, emphasizing neuroimaging's clinical relevance in assessing cognitive performance in children. These insights can guide early interventions and personalized education strategies. Future ABCD follow-ups will further illuminate these associations into adolescence and adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 12","pages":"217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Neurophysiological Impact of Touch-Based Therapy: Insights and Clinical Benefits.","authors":"Mirjam Bonanno, Giuseppe Alfredo Papa, Rocco Salvatore Calabrò","doi":"10.31083/j.jin2312214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2312214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The evidence on how touch-based therapy acts on the brain activity opens novel cues for the treatment of chronic pain conditions for which no definitive treatment exists. Touch-based therapies, particularly those involving C-tactile (CT)-optimal touch, have gained increasing attention for their potential in modulating pain perception and improving psychological well-being. While previous studies have focused on the biomechanical effects of manual therapy, recent research has shifted towards understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying these interventions. CT-optimal touch, characterized by gentle stroking that activates CT afferents, may be used to reduce pain perception in chronic pain conditions and to enhance psychological well-being. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the neurophysiological mechanisms involved and to establish the therapeutic efficacy of CT-optimal touch in various clinical populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of integrative neuroscience","volume":"23 12","pages":"214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}