{"title":"The relationship between microstructural characteristics and galvanic effect, SCC behavior of friction stir welded joint in as-welded and heat-treated conditions","authors":"Yanming Xia, Dejing Zhou, Da-Hai Xia, Zhiming Gao, Linyue Bai, Wenbin Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"The detailed precipitation behavior and grain structure in different sub-regions of friction stir welding (FSW) AA6061-T6 joint after post-weld solution and aging treatments were explored. And the effects of microstructural evolution on mechanical properties, macro/micro electrochemical corrosion behavior and stress corrosion cracking behavior were investigated. The inherent microstructural gradients in FSW joint lead to dramatic degradation of mechanical properties and the presence of macro-galvanic effect, with the latter exacerbating anodic dissolution in heat-affected zone (HAZ) induced by micro-galvanic corrosion and inhibiting pitting corrosion in stirred zone (SZ). Post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) causes the formation of matrix precipitates with similar densities in different sub-regions, resulting in optimized precipitate distribution, comprehensive hardness recovery, and diminished macro-galvanic effect. Grain boundary misorientation angle, grain size and pre-existing dislocations synergistically influence the evolution of grain boundary precipitates (GBPs) and precipitation-free zones (PFZs) during the PWHT. As a result, pitting corrosion is the dominant corrosion form in SZ due to the narrowest PFZ width and dispersed GBPs, while intergranular corrosion is caused by continuous GBPs in other sub-regions. This study verified the dominant role of macro-galvanic effect and micro-galvanic effect in the corrosion process of FSW joint and FSW-PWHT joint, respectively. The maximum SCC susceptibility at HAZ in As-FSWed joint is dominated by enhanced anodic dissolution due to macro-galvanic effect. The SCC sensitivity of FSW-PWHT joint is higher than that of FSW joint due to high electrochemical activity and corrosion rate caused by the severe stress concentration between sub-grains and recrystallized grains at the thermomechanical affected zone (TMAZ)/SZ interface.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Segregation-assisted yield anomaly in a Co-rich chemically complex intermetallic alloy at high temperatures","authors":"Lijun Jing, Qian Li, Jian Cui, Yixiang Wang, Zhankun Zhao, Tao Yang, Yilu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.037","url":null,"abstract":"Chemically complex intermetallic alloys (CCIMAs) have emerged as promising materials for achieving exceptional softening resistance at elevated temperatures, owing to their unique superlattice structures and elemental synergism. However, the lack of experimental endeavors and understanding regarding their temperature-dependent mechanical behaviors hinders their advancement for high-temperature applications. Here, we conducted a systematic investigation on the mechanical properties and associated deformation mechanisms of an L1<sub>2</sub>-type Co-rich CCIMA using transmission electron microscopy. The Co-rich CCIMA exhibits superior strength across a wide temperature range of 700-900°C, with an anomalous peak yield strength (YS) of ∼1.0 GPa at 700°C, which surpasses most previously reported L1<sub>2</sub>-type intermetallic alloys. This superior softening resistance can be primarily attributed to a combination of cross-slip hardening and segregation-assisted hardening. Specifically, massive Kear-Wilsdorf (K-W) locks formed by multiple cube cross-slips of screw dislocations prevail at 700-900°C, providing strong barriers for dislocation movements and enhancing the yield strength (YS) accordingly. More interestingly, we revealed a segregation-assisted formation of superlattice stacking faults and nanotwins at the peak yield temperature (700°C). The interlocking of these substructures and the associated element dragging effect further impeded the propagation of dislocations, contributing to the observed yield anomaly. This work provides in-depth insight into the high-temperature performance and deformation behaviors of CCIMAs, which paves the way for the future development of novel heat-resistant structural alloys.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Building Mo2C/C/TCN heterojunction for efficient noble-metal-free plastic photoreforming and hydrogen generation","authors":"Shuang Tang, Yang-Sen Xu, Xiang Ling, Li-Yi Tang, Xin-Zhong Wang, Yu-Xiang Yu, Wei-De Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2024.09.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.09.051","url":null,"abstract":"Photocatalytic water splitting converts sunlight directly to storable H<sub>2</sub>, but commonly involves the use of a hole sacrificial agent and a noble metal cocatalyst, leading to the waste of energy and increasing cost. Herein, we report a Mo<sub>2</sub>C/C/TCN heterojunction for overcoming these shortages through a combination system to realize H<sub>2</sub> generation and plastic reforming at the same time. Mo<sub>2</sub>C/C/TCN, consisting of thiophene-embedded polymeric carbon nitride (TCN) and molybdenum carbide anchored on graphite nanosheet (Mo<sub>2</sub>C/C), was prepared via electrostatic self-assembly. In the heterojunction, TCN performed as an electron donor, Mo<sub>2</sub>C acted as an electron acceptor and H<sub>2</sub> evolution active center, while the graphite (C) in Mo<sub>2</sub>C/C served as an electron transport medium. Owing to its hetero-structure, the visible light utilization efficiency as well as photoinduced charge separation and migration efficiency of the catalyst Mo<sub>2</sub>C/C/TCN were greatly strengthened compared to the pristine polymeric carbon nitride (CN). As a result, Mo<sub>2</sub>C/C/TCN exhibited satisfactory visible-light-driven waste plastic photoreforming and high H<sub>2</sub> generation activity. The optimized photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution rate over Mo<sub>2</sub>C/C/TCN reached 188.7 μmol h<sup>−1</sup>, which was 7.1 times of that over Pt/CN in 10 vol% triethanolamine (TEOA), far ahead of the research that has been reported. Additionally, Mo<sub>2</sub>C/C/TCN exhibited adorable photoreforming efficiency of polylactic acid (PLA) and bisphenol A (BPA) under visible light. This work provides an efficient approach for lowering cost, enhancing optical absorption, and inhibiting charge recombination for higher photocatalytic performance and wilder applications.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beneficial effect of heat input to improve microbial corrosion resistance of welded joint in X80 steel pipeline","authors":"Yingying Li, Binbin Wang, Yong Wang, Qin Wang, Xiaobao Zhou, Minghua Zhang, Tangqing Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.034","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, <em>Desulfovibrio vulgaris</em> corrosion of X80 steel welded joint with different heat inputs was carefully investigated. The results confirmed that in the sterile medium, general corrosion rate and localized corrosion susceptibility of heat affected zone (HAZ) were higher than those of weld zone (WZ) and base metal (BM). In the inoculated medium, the general corrosion rate of HAZ was still higher than that of WZ and BM. However, the number and depth of corrosion pits on WZ and BM surfaces, as well as the localized corrosion susceptibility, were much higher than those in HAZ, which was opposite to that in sterile environment, suggesting that the <em>Desulfovibrio vulgaris</em> corrosion of the welded joint was selective. With heat input increasing from 0.57 kJ/mm to 1.29 kJ/mm, general corrosion rate and localized corrosion susceptibility of HAZ and WZ simultaneously decreased in sterile or inoculated medium. In inoculated medium, localized corrosion of HAZ decreased more sharply than weld zone. Within the range of heat inputs tested, the study discerned a positive correlation: higher heat inputs correlated with an enhanced corrosion resistance of welded joint, irrespective of environmental conditions being sterile or inoculated. The findings provide a solid basis for the welding parameter determination to steel pipelines in oil and gas transportation.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"341 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hong-Lan Liu, Lin-Lin Zhu, Wei-Ming Guo, Hua-Tay Lin
{"title":"Fabrication and luminescent properties of highly transparent novel high-entropy (Lu0.2Y0.2Gd0.2Yb0.2Er0.2)2O3 ceramic","authors":"Hong-Lan Liu, Lin-Lin Zhu, Wei-Ming Guo, Hua-Tay Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.033","url":null,"abstract":"The highly transparent novel high-entropy (Lu<sub>0.2</sub>Y<sub>0.2</sub>Gd<sub>0.2</sub>Yb<sub>0.2</sub>Er<sub>0.2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ceramic was successfully fabricated by the addition of 3 at.% ZrO<sub>2</sub> and 10 at.% La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> introduced as sintering additives via vacuum sintering. A single-phase solid solution cubic structure of the ceramic was obtained with a relative density of 99.95 % and an average grain size of 6.91±3.28 µm. The grain boundary of the (Lu<sub>0.2</sub>Y<sub>0.2</sub>Gd<sub>0.2</sub>Yb<sub>0.2</sub>Er<sub>0.2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ceramic was clean with a thickness of only 1.3 nm. Further observations revealed uniform distribution of all elements in the grains, and the presence of La and Zr segregation (1.5 nm thick) at few grain boundaries, but causing very little light scattering. The in-line transmittance of high-entropy (Lu<sub>0.2</sub>Y<sub>0.2</sub>Gd<sub>0.2</sub>Yb<sub>0.2</sub>Er<sub>0.2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ceramic reached 80 % at 1100 nm, which was 98.7 % of the theoretical value of Er<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> single crystal. Also, there were fluorescence emissions observed in the ultraviolet (311 nm), visible (563, 622 nm), and near-infrared (1032, 1535 nm) regions. In addition, the intense red emission and weak green emission were detected, and the broad emission with a peak at 1.5 μm was attributed to Stark splitting of Er<sup>3+</sup> ions, so the corresponding mechanism was discussed. Results obtained suggest that the highly transparent novel high-entropy (Lu<sub>0.2</sub>Y<sub>0.2</sub>Gd<sub>0.2</sub>Yb<sub>0.2</sub>Er<sub>0.2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ceramic fabricated in this study could have broad application prospects in optical applications such as scintillators, up-conversion luminescent materials, and infrared lasers.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142690947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of Cu and Ti microalloying on the multiscale microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of 7xxx alloys","authors":"Yuexing Liang, Guoai Li, Li Liu, Hao Jiang, Xiaoya Wang, Jian Cao, Jiantang Jiang, Wenzhu Shao, Liang Zhen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.031","url":null,"abstract":"Introducing trace rare earth elements (REEs) into L1<sub>2</sub> dispersoids (Al<sub>3</sub>(Sc,Zr)) can markedly enhance the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys, However, excessive amounts may cause adverse impacts. This study explores Ti and Cu as transition metal candidates for Al-Zn-Mg-X alloys, aiming to enhance mechanical properties, elucidate microstructure evolution, and identify optimization mechanisms. The addition of Ti to the Al-6.8Zn-2.2Mg-0.2Sc-0.1Zr (AS) alloy results in a notable refinement of the grain size, reducing it from 170 μm to 47 μm. This refinement of Ti can be attributed to its role as a nucleating agent during solidification, its promotion of dynamic recrystallization during hot-rolling, and its inhibition of static recrystallization during solid solution treatment stage. The formation of a new Ti-containing layer, which substitutes Al sites adjacent to Al<sub>3</sub>Zr dispersoids, leads to an increase in the phase size from 16 nm to 25 nm. In addition, Cu significantly decreases the aging activation energy of the GP zone and <em>η’</em> precipitate, thereby facilitating their nucleation and growth, which enhances the mechanical properties of the alloy. Ti markedly improves the hardness and strength of the alloy through grain refinement strengthening, Orowan strengthening and solid solution strengthening, while Cu predominantly enhances solid solution strengthening. Our findings suggest that Ti and Cu microalloying profoundly influences the properties and the microstructures of Al-Zn-Mg-X alloys across various scales offering a promising approach for the advancement of high-performance aluminum alloys.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cheng Zhang, Yi Peng, Fayan Yu, Peng Peng, Shuai Long, Jianyue Zhang, Qingshan Yang, Qingwei Dai
{"title":"Tailoring corrosion behavior and mechanical property of Mg-6Zn alloy with varying Dy contents for biological application","authors":"Cheng Zhang, Yi Peng, Fayan Yu, Peng Peng, Shuai Long, Jianyue Zhang, Qingshan Yang, Qingwei Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.035","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of alloying dysprosium (Dy) element on the biodegradable behavior and mechanical property of Mg-6Zn alloys in a simulated body solution (SBF) solution was studied. The results indicate that Dy significantly contributes to grain refinement, and form a distinctive fiber texture in Dy-containing alloys. The presence of Dy promotes the formation of granular DyZn<sub>3</sub> precipitates, which possess a higher electrode potential than the matrix, thus accelerating matrix corrosion. Corrosion results demonstrate that the Dy element is not beneficial to reducing the initial corrosion rate of Mg-6Zn but is conducive to improving the protective effect of product film as the immersion time increases. Dy-containing alloys exhibit higher strength than Mg-6Zn while maintaining good plasticity related to grain boundary and precipitation strength effects. Consequently, the incorporation of 2 wt.% Dy into Mg-6Zn alloys results in a synergistic enhancement of strength, as well as moderate corrosion resistance and fracture elongation.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"254 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent progress of Ti3C2Tx MXene-based layered films for electromagnetic interference shielding","authors":"Jingyu Dong, Congqi Liu, Hongli Cheng, Changlong Jiang, Bing Zhou, Ming Huang, Chuntai Liu, Yuezhan Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.032","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional transition metal carbon/nitrides (MXenes) have emerged as prominent materials in the development of high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding films owing to their exceptional electrical conductivity, special layered structure, and chemically active surfaces. Substantial efforts have been devoted to addressing the poor mechanical strength and limited functionality of pure MXene films through structural design and interfacial reinforcement. However, there is a notable lack of a systematic review of the research on MXene-based EMI shielding films with multi-layer structures, which could provide a theoretical foundation and technical guidance for the development and application of shielding films. This review aims to summarize the recent advancements in MXene-based layered films for EMI shielding. First, the structure and properties of MXene nanosheets are systematically introduced. Next, the optimization of layered structures and interfacial reinforcement strategies in MXene-based EMI shielding films are objectively reviewed, followed by a discussion of their multifunctional compatibility. Finally, future prospects and challenges for MXene-based layered EMI shielding films are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haicheng Zhu, Bingrui Liu, Shaohong Liu, Limin Zhou, Hao Cui, Manmen Liu, Li Chen, Ming Wen, Haigang Dong, Feng Liu, Song Li, Liang Zuo
{"title":"Mechanistic insights into cluster strengthening and grain refinement toughening in fully oxidized AgMgNi alloys","authors":"Haicheng Zhu, Bingrui Liu, Shaohong Liu, Limin Zhou, Hao Cui, Manmen Liu, Li Chen, Ming Wen, Haigang Dong, Feng Liu, Song Li, Liang Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.10.030","url":null,"abstract":"The pursuit of Ag-based alloys with both high strength and toughness has posed a longstanding challenge. In this study, we investigated the cluster strengthening and grain refinement toughening mechanisms in fully oxidized AgMgNi alloys, which were internally oxidized at 800°C for 8 h under an oxygen atmosphere. We found that Mg–O clusters contributed to the hardening (138 HV) and strengthening (376.9 MPa) of the AgMg alloy through solid solution strengthening effects, albeit at the expense of ductility. To address this limitation, we introduced Ni nanoparticles into the AgMg alloy, resulting in significant grain refinement within its microstructure. Specifically, the grain size decreased from 67.2 μm in the oxidized AgMg alloy to below 6.0 μm in the oxidized AgMgNi alloy containing 0.3 wt% Ni. Consequently, the toughness increased significantly, rising from toughness value of 2177.9 MJ m<sup>–</sup>³ in the oxidized AgMg alloy to 6186.1 MJ m<sup>–</sup>³ in the oxidized AgMgNi alloy, representing a remarkable 2.8-fold enhancement. Furthermore, the internally oxidized AgMgNi alloy attained a strength of up to 387.6 MPa, comparable to that of the internally oxidized AgMg alloy, thereby demonstrating the successful realization of concurrent strengthening and toughening. These results collectively offer a novel approach for the design of high-performance alloys through the synergistic combination of cluster strengthening and grain refinement toughening.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}