Journal of Innate Immunity最新文献

{"title":"Dysregulation of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling-Associated Gene Expression in X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Implications for Correlations Genotype-Phenotype and Disease Expression.","authors":"Marcelo Teocchi, Thaís de Andrade Eugênio, Lia Furlaneto Marega, Isabella Quinti, Maria Marluce Dos Santos Vilela","doi":"10.1159/000540082","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), the diversity of BTK variants complicates the study of genotype-phenotype correlations. Since BTK negatively regulates toll-like receptors (TLRs), we investigated if distinct BTK mutation types selectively modulate TLR pathways, affecting disease expression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we quantified ten TLR signaling-related genes in XLA patients with missense (n = 3) and nonsense (n = 5) BTK mutations and healthy controls (n = 17).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BTK, IRAK2, PIK3R4, REL, TFRC, and UBE2N were predominantly downregulated, while RIPK2, TLR3, TLR10, and TLR6 showed variable regulation. The missense XLA group exhibited significant downregulation of IRAK2, PIK3R4, REL, and TFRC and upregulation of TLR3 and/or TLR6.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypo-expression of TLR3, TLR6, and TLR10 may increase susceptibility to infections, while hyper-expression might contribute to chronic inflammatory conditions like arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease. Our findings shed light on the important inflammatory component characteristic of some XLA patients, even under optimal therapeutic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innate Immunity","volume":" ","pages":"425-439"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MDM2 Is Essential to Maintain the Homeostasis of Epithelial Cells by Targeting p53.","authors":"Su Wang, Shufen Zhong, Ying Huang, Songling Zhu, Shuangfeng Chen, Ran Wang, Sonam Wangmo, Bo Peng, Houkun Lv, Jichao Yang, Liyan Ma, Zhiyang Ling, Yaguang Zhang, Pengfei Sui, Bing Sun","doi":"10.1159/000539824","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>MDM2 is known as the primary negative regulator of p53, and MDM2 promotes lung cancer fibrosis and lung injury through p53-dependent and p53-independent pathways. However, the mechanism by which MDM2 influences the pathogenesis of asthma is unknown. In this study, we investigated the function of MDM2 in lung epithelial cells in type 2 lung inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used type II alveolar epithelial cell-specific heterozygous knockout of Mdm2 mice to validate its function. Then papain-induced asthma model was established, and changes in inflammation were observed by measuring immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we knockdown the mouse Mdm2 gene in type 2 alveolar epithelial cells. We demonstrated that heterozygous Mdm2 gene-deleted mice were highly susceptible to protease allergen papain-induced pulmonary inflammation characterized by increased ILC2 numbers, IL-5 and IL-13 cytokine levels, and lung pathology. A mechanistic study showed that following the decreased expression of Mdm2 in lung epithelial cells and A549 cell line, p53 was overactivated, and the expression of its downstream genes p21, Puma, and Noxa was elevated, which resulted in apoptosis. After Mdm2 knockdown, the mRNA expression of inflammation-related gene IL-25, HMGB1, and TNF-α were increased, which further amplified the downstream ILC2 response and lung inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results indicate that Mdm2 maintains the homeostasis of lung epithelial cells by targeting P53 and regulates the function of lung epithelial cells under type 2 lung inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innate Immunity","volume":" ","pages":"397-412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex Thrombo-Inflammatory Responses versus Outcomes of Non-COVID-19 Community-Acquired Pneumonia and COVID-19.","authors":"Greg Haljan, Terry Lee, Anne McCarthy, Juthaporn Cowan, Jennifer Tsang, Francois Lelouche, Alexis F Turgeon, Patrick Archambault, Francois Lamontagne, Robert Fowler, Jennifer Yoon, Peter Daley, Matthew P Cheng, Donald C Vinh, Todd C Lee, Karen C Tran, Brent W Winston, Hyejin Julia Kong, John H Boyd, Keith R Walley, Allison McGeer, David M Maslove, John C Marshall, Joel Singer, Fagun Jain, James A Russell","doi":"10.1159/000542420","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The thrombo-inflammatory response and outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) due to various organisms (non-COVID-19 CAP) versus CAP due to a single virus, SARS-CoV-2 (i.e., COVID-19) may differ.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults hospitalized with non-COVID-19 CAP (December 1, 2021-June 15, 2023) or COVID-19 (March 2, 2020-June 15, 2023) in Canada. We compared non-COVID-19 CAP and COVID-19 baseline, thrombo-inflammatory response, and mortality. We measured plasma cytokine and coagulation factor levels in a sample of patients, did hierarchical clustering, and compared cytokine and coagulation factor levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2,485 patients (non-COVID-19 CAP, n = 719; COVID-19 patients, n = 2,157), non-COVID-19 CAP patients had significantly lower 28-day mortality (CAP vs. COVID-19 waves 1 and 2; 10% vs. 18% and 16%, respectively), intensive care unit admission (CAP vs. all waves; 15% vs. 39%, 37%, 33%, and 24%, respectively), invasive ventilation (CAP vs. waves 1, 2, and 3 patients; 11% vs. 25%, 20%, and 16%), vasopressor use (CAP 12% vs. 23%, 21%, and 18%), and renal replacement therapy use (CAP 3% vs. Omicron 7%). Complexity of hierarchical clustering aligned directly with mortality: COVID-19 wave 1 and 2 patients had six clusters at admission and higher mortality than non-COVID-19 CAP and Omicron that had three clusters at admission. Pooling all COVID-19 waves increased complexity with seven clusters on admission.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Complex thrombo-inflammatory responses aligned with mortality of CAP. At a fundamental level, the human thrombo-inflammatory response to a brand new virus was \"confused\" whereas humans had eons of time to develop a more concise efficient thrombo-inflammatory host response to CAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":16113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innate Immunity","volume":"16 1","pages":"529-552"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Effector Function of Tissue-Specific Natural Killer Cells against Lung Tumors.","authors":"Zerick Terrell Dunbar, Salvador González-Ochoa, Thanigaivelan Kanagasabai, Alla Ivanova, Anil Shanker","doi":"10.1159/000542078","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells capable of directly killing target cells while modulating immune effector responses. Despite their multifunctional capacities, a limited understanding of their plasticity and heterogeneity has impeded progress in developing effective NK cell-based cancer therapies. In this study, we investigated NK cell tissue heterogeneity in relation to their phenotype and effector functions against lung tumors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using hanging drop tumor spheroid and subcutaneously established LL/2 (LLC1) lung tumor models, we examined NK cell receptor diversity and its correlation with tissue-specific cytotoxicity through multiparametric flow cytometry, fluorescence imaging, and cytotoxicity assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified distinct patterns of cell surface receptors expression on tissue-specific NK cells that are crucial for antitumor activity. Linear regression mathematical analyses further revealed significant positive correlations between activation-associated cell surface receptors and cytotoxic capacity in NK cells from tissues such as the liver and bone marrow.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the differential effector capacities of NK cells from distinct tissues, even prior to exposure to LL/2 tumor cells. This highlights the significance of tissue-specific NK cell heterogeneity and its impact on their antitumor cytotoxicity. Recognizing these distinct tissue-specific receptor expression patterns will be instrumental in developing more efficacious NK cell-based cancer treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":16113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innate Immunity","volume":" ","pages":"573-594"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11644122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ehrlichia chaffeensis Co-Opts Phagocytic Hemocytes for Systemic Dissemination in the Lone Star Tick, Amblyomma americanum.","authors":"Abdulsalam Adegoke, Julia Hanson, Ryan C Smith, Shahid Karim","doi":"10.1159/000535986","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hematophagous arthropods can acquire and transmit several pathogens of medical importance. In ticks, the innate immune system is crucial in the outcome between vector-pathogen interaction and overall vector competence. However, the specific immune response(s) elicited by the immune cells known as hemocytes remains largely undefined in Ehrlichia chaffeensis and its competent tick vector, Amblyomma americanum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized injection of clodronate liposome to deplete tick granulocytes combined with infection with E. chaffeensis to demonstrate their essential role in microbial infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we show that granulocytes, professional phagocytic cells, are integral in eliciting immune responses against commensal and pathogen infection. The chemical depletion of granulocytes led to decreased phagocytic efficiency of tissue-associated hemocytes. We demonstrate that E. chaffeensis can infect circulating hemocytes, and both cell-free plasma and hemocytes from E. chaffeensis-infected ticks can establish Ehrlichia infection in recipient ticks. Lastly, we provide evidence to show that granulocytes play a dual role in E. chaffeensis infection. Depleting granulocytic hemocytes increased Ehrlichia load in the salivary gland and midgut tissues. In contrast, granulocyte depletion led to a reduced systemic load of Ehrlichia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study has identified multiple roles for granulocytic hemocytes in the control and systemic dissemination of E. chaffeensis infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":16113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innate Immunity","volume":" ","pages":"66-79"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10794049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TLR9-Dependent Activation by Inactivated Parapoxvirus Ovis in Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells Is Associated with Specific Strain-Dependent Dendritic Cell Subsets.","authors":"Yanqin Du, Hang Sun, Sonakshi Bhattacharjee, Alexander Birkmann, Ulf Dittmer, Mengji Lu","doi":"10.1159/000538625","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Inactivated parapoxvirus ovis (iPPVO) exerts strong immunomodulatory effects on innate immune cells, making it an attractive therapeutic candidate. However, little is known about the signaling pathways that are involved in iPPVO-induced immune responses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we systematically analyzed how different types of dendritic cells (DCs) react to iPPVO (Zylexis, strain D1701) in both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice by flow cytometry and ELISAs, and investigated which signaling pathway is related to DC activation by Western blotting and protein profiling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrated that bone marrow-derived conventional DCs (BM-cDCs) and bone marrow-derived plasmacytoid DCs (BM-pDCs) matured and secreted type I interferons in response to Zylexis stimulation in both mouse strains. Similarly, Zylexis promoted the secretion of IL-12/23p40 and TNF by pDCs. However, IL-12/23p40 and TNF secretion by cDCs were induced in BALB/c mice but not in C57BL/6 mice. Analyzing the underlying signaling pathways revealed that iPPVO-induced maturation of cDCs was Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) independent, while the maturation of pDCs partially depended on the TLR9 pathway. Moreover, the production of proinflammatory cytokines by cDCs and the secretion of IFN-α/β by pDCs partially depended on the TLR9 pathway in both mouse strains. Therefore, other signaling pathways seem to participate in the response of DCs to iPPVO, supported by protein profiling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data provide useful insights into the diversity of iPPVO sensors and their varying effects across different strains and species.</p>","PeriodicalId":16113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innate Immunity","volume":" ","pages":"354-366"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obituary of Prof. Uli Theopold, 1957-2023.","authors":"Ylva Engström, Bruno Lemaitre, Dan Hultmark","doi":"10.1159/000535642","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535642","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innate Immunity","volume":"16 1","pages":"31-32"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10773639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Ficolins in Lung Injury.","authors":"Meiyun Zhao, Xiaowu Tan, Xu Wu","doi":"10.1159/000540954","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory diseases seriously threaten human health worldwide, and lung injury is an important component of respiratory disease. Complement activation is an important function of the innate immune system. Complement activation helps the body defend against invasion by external microorganisms, whereas excessive complement activation can exacerbate tissue damage or lead to unwanted side effects. Ficolins are a class of immune-related proteins in the lectin pathway that play important roles in the body's immune defense. Although individual ficolins are not well understood, current information suggests that ficolins may play an important regulatory role in lung injury.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Several studies have shown that ficolins are involved in the immune response in the lung, particularly in the response to infectious and inflammatory processes.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This review summarizes the role of ficolins in lung injury. Ficolins may influence the development and repair of lung injury by recognizing and binding pathogenic microorganisms, modulating the inflammatory response, and promoting the clearance of immune cells. In addition, ficolins are associated with the development and progression of lung diseases (such as pneumonia and ARDS) and may have an important impact on the pathophysiological processes of inflammatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innate Immunity","volume":" ","pages":"440-450"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Inflammatory Response Induced by Aspergillus fumigatus Conidia Is Dependent on Complement Activation: Insight from a Whole Blood Model.","authors":"Beatrice Fageräng, Maximilian Peter Götz, Leon Cyranka, Corinna Lau, Per H Nilsson, Tom Eirik Mollnes, Peter Garred","doi":"10.1159/000539368","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to elucidate the inflammatory response of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia in a whole-blood model of innate immune activation and to compare it with the well-characterized inflammatory reaction to Escherichia coli.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Employing a human lepirudin whole-blood model, we analyzed complement and leukocyte activation by measuring the sC5b-9 complex and assessing CD11b expression. A 27-multiplex system was used for quantification of cytokines. Selective cell removal from whole blood and inhibition of C3, C5, and CD14 were also applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings demonstrated a marked elevation in sC5b-9 and CD11b post-A. fumigatus incubation. Thirteen cytokines (TNF, IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, IFNγ, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, FGF-basic, and G-CSF) showed increased levels. A generally lower level of cytokine release and CD11b expression was observed with A. fumigatus conidia than with E. coli. Notably, monocytes were instrumental in releasing all cytokines except MCP-1. IL-1ra was found to be both monocyte and granulocyte-dependent. Pre-inhibiting with C3 and CD14 inhibitors resulted in decreased release patterns for six cytokines (TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β), with minimal effects by C5-inhibition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A. fumigatus conidia induced complement activation comparable to E. coli, whereas CD11b expression and cytokine release were lower, underscoring distinct inflammatory responses between these pathogens. Complement C3 inhibition attenuated cytokine release indicating a C3-level role of complement in A. fumigatus immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innate Immunity","volume":" ","pages":"324-336"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11250388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141071264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the Role of Specific Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns-Related Genes in Osteoarthritis and Investigating the Association between β-Amyloid and Apolipoprotein E Isoforms.","authors":"Fangling Yuan, Yatian Tang, Feifei Zheng, Qipeng Xie","doi":"10.1159/000541542","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic joint disorder. It is characterized by an immune response that maintains a low level of inflammation throughout its progression. During OA, cartilage degradation leads to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which intensify the inflammatory response. β-Amyloid is a well-recognized DAMP in OA, can interact with APOE isoforms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study identified DAMPs-related genes in OA using bioinformatics techniques. Additionally, we examined the expression levels of β-amyloid and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) isoforms by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 10 key genes by machine learning techniques. Immune infiltration analysis revealed upregulation of various immune cell types in OA cartilage, underscoring the critical role of inflammation in OA pathogenesis. In the validation study, elevated serum levels of β-amyloid in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients were confirmed, showing positive correlations with ApoE2 and ApoE4. Notably, ApoE3 was identified as an independent protective factor against KOA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this bioinformatics analysis, we identified the DAMPs-related genes of KOA and explored their potential functions and regulatory networks. The high expression of β-amyloid in KOA was confirmed by experiments, and the correlation between β-amyloid and ApoE2, ApoE4 in KOA was revealed for the first time, this provides a new way to explore the pathogenesis of KOA and to study the therapeutic targets of KOA.</p>","PeriodicalId":16113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innate Immunity","volume":"16 1","pages":"501-512"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}