Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Successful detection of an unrecognized outbreak of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the modern Beijing subfamily through combined molecular epidemiological and population genetic analyses” [J Infect Chemother 31 (6) (2025) 102700]","authors":"Shinichiro Hirai , Masaki Nakamura , Satoshi Kawato , Yushi Hachisu , Takashi Kikuchi , Naoshi Ando , Hiroaki Shigemura , Nobuhiro Takemae , Eiji Yokoyama","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102723","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 102723"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inpatient burden of COVID-19 in Japan: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Kathleen M. Andersen ,&nbsp;Matthew A. Brouillette ,&nbsp;Kanae Togo ,&nbsp;Kosuke Tanabe ,&nbsp;Benjamin T. Carter ,&nbsp;Matthew T. Kent ,&nbsp;Yingjie Ding ,&nbsp;Daniel Curcio ,&nbsp;Verna Welch ,&nbsp;Leah J. McGrath ,&nbsp;Bushra Ilyas ,&nbsp;Shuhei Ito","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Changing disease dynamics and access to COVID-19 vaccines in Japan warrant a timely description of the burden of severe disease. Here we report inpatient healthcare resource utilization of COVID-19 in Japan and contextualize results with influenza.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We selected persons hospitalized for COVID-19 (ICD-10 code U07.1) from April 1, 2020–January 31, 2024 or influenza (ICD-10 code J09.X–J11.x) from November 1, 2017–October 31, 2019 from Medical Data Vision, a large hospital-based database in Japan. Outcomes of interest were length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, receipt of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and inpatient mortality, assessed overall, as well as stratified by age groups and calendar time.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Among 5684 hospitalized COVID-19 cases, persons were older (median age 80 vs 64) and had a longer length of stay (median 21 vs 5 days) than the 18,584 influenza cases. The proportions of COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU (3% vs 1%), received IMV (6% vs 3%) and died in hospital (12% vs 3%) were higher compared to those of influenza patients. Burden was higher in adult COVID-19 patients than pediatric COVID-19 patients; however, COVID-19 burden surpassed influenza burden for both adults and pediatric patients. Inpatient burden of COVID-19 between May 2023 and January 2024 remained greater than that of influenza, with five times longer length of stay, three times the frequency of ICU care, twice the IMV support and four times the in-hospital deaths.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>These findings underscore the need for continued prevention and treatment of COVID-19 to prevent severe disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 7","pages":"Article 102721"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics of community-acquired primary pleural infection compared to postpneumonic pleural infection: a retrospective study","authors":"Ji-Eun Park ,&nbsp;Seung-Ick Cha ,&nbsp;Jongmin Park ,&nbsp;Jae Kwang Lim ,&nbsp;Sun Ha Choi ,&nbsp;Hyewon Seo ,&nbsp;Yong-Hoon Lee ,&nbsp;Seung-Soo Yoo ,&nbsp;Shin-Yup Lee ,&nbsp;Jaehee Lee ,&nbsp;Chang-Ho Kim ,&nbsp;Jae-Yong Park","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Data on the clinical features and treatment outcomes in patients with primary pleural infection (PI) are limited. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of these patients.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>In this retrospective study, patients with community-acquired PI, diagnosed based on pleural fluid analysis, were classified into postpneumonic and primary PI groups according to computed tomography (CT) findings. Clinical variables, microbiological data, and CT findings were compared between the two groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Approximately 28 % of patients with community-acquired PI presented as primary PI. Treatment success rates and in-hospital or 30-day mortality were comparable between the two groups. However, compared to the postpneumonic PI group, the primary PI group was significantly younger and had lower proportions of patients with Pneumonia Severity Index classes 4–5 and RAPID (Renal, Age, Purulence, Infection source, and Dietary factors) score &gt;3. On CT scans, subpleural abscesses were present in less than half of the patients in the primary PI group, compared to most patients in the postpneumonic PI group. Pleural enhancement and extrapleural fat proliferation were more frequently observed in patients with primary PI than in those with postpneumonic PI. In the primary PI group, <em>Streptococcus anginosus</em> group was the most common pathogen, accounting for nearly half of the causative organisms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients with primary PI had similar treatment outcomes compared to those with postpneumonic PI. However, different causative pathogens and radiologic findings of primary PI suggest a distinct pathogenesis of PI independent of pneumonia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 102722"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A web questionnaire-based survey on post-COVID-19 condition for infectious disease specialists in Japan","authors":"Nobuaki Mori ,&nbsp;Hiroshige Mikamo ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kunishima ,&nbsp;Katsunori Yanagihara ,&nbsp;Junichi Sasaki ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Mukae ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi ,&nbsp;Naoki Hasegawa","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>A nationwide survey was conducted to elucidate the current status and challenges of post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) management in Japanese medical institutions with infectious disease specialists, as PCC remains a significant health concern about accumulating knowledge regarding its impact on quality of life.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Between January 18 and March 9, 2024, a web-based survey comprising up to 24 questions was administered to 880 infectious disease specialists nationwide. The survey investigated respondents' attributes and backgrounds, management experience, patient characteristics, treatment status, and PCC conditions among medical staff.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Responses were obtained from 465 specialists across 47 prefectures (52.8 % response rate). Among the 324 hospital-affiliated respondents, 69.7 % had experience in managing PCC, whereas only 11.2 % had dedicated specialized outpatient clinics. Most respondents reported that PCC was predominantly observed in the 18–64 age group, with 80.5 % and 51.9 % of the respondents reporting patients with symptoms lasting over 3 and 12 months, respectively. In patients with symptoms persisting over 3 months, many respondents noted that neuropsychiatric manifestations including depression and forgetfulness were common. Treatment approaches included pharmacotherapy, rehabilitation, and counseling. Additionally, 27.4 % of institutions reported PCC cases among staff, with two-thirds requiring work leave.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although many medical institutions with infectious disease specialists provide COVID-19 treatment, the establishment of specialized PCC outpatient clinics remains limited. This highlights the need for comprehensive long-term follow-up and support systems, particularly for healthcare workers affected by <span>PCC</span>, emphasizing the importance for developing effective return-to-work support systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 102720"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and efficacy of antimicrobial treatment in pediatric parapharyngeal abscess without surgical intervention","authors":"Tomonori Sunakawa ,&nbsp;Mao Mizuta ,&nbsp;Shinsuke Mizuno ,&nbsp;Chiaki Masuda ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Kengo Nakashima ,&nbsp;Yukari Aida ,&nbsp;Yusuke Ishida ,&nbsp;Shogo Minamikawa ,&nbsp;Yasuo Nakagishi","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parapharyngeal abscess (PPA) is a type of deep neck abscess. Due to its nonspecific clinical manifestations, early diagnosis of PPA is often challenging. Additionally, its anatomical location complicates decisions regarding the necessity of surgical intervention. Few studies have documented successful antibiotic treatment for PPA without surgical intervention. In Japan, the clinical course of pediatric patients with PPA managed exclusively with antibiotics remains unclear. This study investigated the clinical characteristics and effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy in children with PPA. In this single-center case series, we retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients diagnosed with PPA via contrast-enhanced computed tomography and treated at our hospital between October 2023 and October 2024. Data on patients’ backgrounds, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, imaging, treatments, and outcomes were collected. Ten patients with PPA were included. None experienced complications such as sepsis or airway obstruction. Fever was the most common symptom (100 %), followed by neck pain (90 %) and neck immobility (80 %). All patients were treated with antibiotics without surgical intervention. Fever resolved within 3 days in eight patients but persisted for 21 days in one patient with an abscess &gt;25 mm. Antimicrobial therapy without surgical intervention might be safe and effective for patients with PPA who lack life-threatening complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 102719"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active surveillance of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium after its outbreak at patient admission","authors":"Kento Furuya ,&nbsp;Kyohei Sugiyama ,&nbsp;Kiyomi Suzuki ,&nbsp;Masami Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Maiko Koyama ,&nbsp;Rie Sasaki ,&nbsp;Junko Kurioka ,&nbsp;Naoya Itoh","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vancomycin-resistant <em>Enterococcus faecium</em> (VRE) causes high mortality and has been increasingly detected worldwide in recent years; however, its screening effectiveness at admission remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of active surveillance culture (ASC) for VRE at admission following a nosocomial outbreak. A VRE outbreak occurred at Shizuoka General Hospital in 2022, and ASC for VRE was performed upon admission for high-risk cases after the outbreak between January 2023 and December 2023. ASC was conducted in 2941 patients at admission, with 13 of them testing positive (0.44 %). The highest cumulative incidence and odds ratios (ORs) of ASC positivity at admission were detected among patients with a VRE detection history (5/18, cumulative incidence: 27.78 %, OR: 140.14, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The second highest cumulative incidence and OR occurred in patients hospitalized within the past 3 months in VRE-endemic areas (5/85, cumulative incidence: 5.88 %, OR: 22.25, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Hospitalization at SGH within the past 3 months showed a low cumulative incidence and OR (1/2,034, cumulative incidence: 0.05 %, OR: 0.037, <em>p</em> = 0.002). Among patients with urinary catheters, three of 132 patients tested ASC-positive (cumulative incidence: 2.27 %, OR: 6.51, <em>p</em> = 0.05), and six out of 403 individuals requiring toilet assistance were ASC-positive (cumulative incidence: 1.49 %, OR: 5.46, <em>p</em> = 0.02). None of the ASC-positive patients had a history of nursing home admissions or diarrhea. Our findings suggest that following a VRE nosocomial outbreak, ASC at admission should be prioritized for patients with a history of VRE detection or recent hospitalization in VRE-endemic areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 102718"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical utility of in-hospital qPCR for cytomegalovirus detection: a single-center analysis","authors":"Mai Oikawa ,&nbsp;Shingo Tanaka ,&nbsp;Takashi Kondo ,&nbsp;Makito Tanaka ,&nbsp;Ryo Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Ryosei Murai ,&nbsp;Satoshi Iyama ,&nbsp;Satoshi Takahashi","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is a major concern in immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of in-hospital quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) testing for CMV detection compared with the conventional antigenemia (AG) assay.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 1327 tests performed on 274 patients between January 2022 and December 2023 at a single institution. CMV DNA levels were measured using the Cobas 6800 system, and the results were compared with those of the AG assay. Concordance rates between the two methods were assessed, and the correlation between CMV DNA levels and AG-positive cell counts was analyzed. Clinical case studies were also reviewed to evaluate longitudinal performance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The number of qPCR tests increased steadily, with 71 % of the results available within one day and an average turnaround time of approximately 1.2 days. qPCR and AG concordance were evaluated in 326 tests, showing overall agreement rates of 68.7%–85.3%, depending on the positivity criteria. The positive agreement between qPCR and AG was 100 % when the detection threshold was set at a positive qPCR threshold ≥34.5 IU/mL or below the lower limit of quantification. A positive correlation was observed between the CMV DNA levels and AG-positive cell counts (Spearman r = 0.679).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In-hospital qPCR for CMV detection yielded rapid, reliable, and standardized results. These findings support its role as an essential diagnostic tool in hematological and transplant settings, where timely CMV monitoring is critical for patient management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 102715"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful treatment of an intra-abdominal abscess caused by KPC-2-producing hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 11 with imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam in a Japanese patient","authors":"Kazuhiro Ishikawa ,&nbsp;Koko Shibutani ,&nbsp;Yumiko Mikami ,&nbsp;Sohei Harada ,&nbsp;Kohji Komori ,&nbsp;Nobuyoshi Mori","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>KPC-producing <em>K. pneumoniae</em> is rare in Japan. In China, KPC-2-producing sequence type (ST)11 <em>K. pneumoniae</em> isolates have been rapidly increasing, and a subset of these isolates have acquired hypervirulence. We report a case of a 39-year-old Japanese male who developed bacteremia and intra-abdominal abscesses caused by hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant <em>K. pneumoniae</em>. The patient sustained abdominal injuries following a traffic accident in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and underwent abdominal surgery before being transferred to our hospital. Abscess drainage was performed, and he was initially treated with meropenem (2 g every 8 hours, prolonged infusion over 3 hours), gentamicin (5 mg/kg/day), and tigecycline (200 mg as a loading, followed by 100 mg every 12 hours). KPC carbapenemase was detected using the NG-Test® CARBA 5 (NG Biotech, France), and the minimum inhibitory concentration for imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam was 1 μg/mL, indicating susceptibility. His treatment was switched to imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam (1 g every 6 hours) for 7 weeks, resulting in clinical improvement. Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed that the causative strain was hypervirulent KPC-2-producing <em>K. pneumoniae</em> (capsular type K64, ST 11) carrying <em>bla</em>_KPC-2 and <em>bla</em>_CTX-M-65 on a multireplicon plasmid (pMTY24772_IncFII-R), which was a fusion of IncFII and IncR. Additionally, <em>rmpA</em> and <em>iucABCD</em> genes associated with hypervirulence were detected. The strain carried a resistance plasmid and a virulence plasmid similar to those carried by ST11-K64 KPC-producing strains reported from China. Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam is potentially an option for treating infections caused by KPC-2-producing hypervirulent <em>K, pneumoniae</em> with porin mutations. Cross-border spread of pathogens that are both multidrug-resistant and hyperviirulent must be closely monitored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 102717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial activity of tebipenem to Escherichia coli isolates from outpatients with complicated urinary tract infections","authors":"Masaya Ito ,&nbsp;Mitsuru Yasuda ,&nbsp;Masahiro Hayashi ,&nbsp;Kaori Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing <em>Escherichia coli</em> have emerged as a global concern in urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study investigated the susceptibility of clinical isolates of <em>E. coli</em> from complicated UTIs (cUTIs) to tebipenem pivoxil (TBPM), an oral carbapenem developed in Japan. In 2019, 229 non-ESBL-producing and 61 ESBL-producing <em>E. coli</em> strains were collected from five major hospitals in the Gifu Prefecture. Susceptibility was assessed following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (M07 and M100), and TBPM was compared with other commonly used antibiotics. The MIC₅₀ and MIC₉₀ values of TBPM for non-ESBL and ESBL-producing <em>E. coli</em> were ≤0.03 μg/mL, with MIC ranges of ≤0.03–0.25 μg/mL and ≤0.03–0.06 μg/mL, respectively, indicating its strong antimicrobial activity. Notably, no strains demonstrated reduced susceptibility to TBPM. These results were comparable to those of intravenous carbapenems such as imipenem and meropenem. Additionally, these findings align with the national Japanese surveillance data, suggesting that the trends observed in this study may reflect broader patterns across Japan. In the United States, an ongoing study is evaluating TBPM hydrobromide for cUTIs, highlighting its potential as an effective oral carbapenem. TBPM may be a promising treatment option for cUTIs caused by ESBL-producing <em>E. coli</em>, offering an alternative to intravenous therapies and potentially reducing the need for hospitalization. However, careful use of TBPM in antimicrobial stewardship programs is crucial to prevent resistance and ensure its continued efficacy in outpatient settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 102712"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the United States isolation termination criteria using virus culture results of the omicron variant in Japan","authors":"Issei Seike ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Baba ,&nbsp;Michiko Okamoto ,&nbsp;Asami Nakayama ,&nbsp;Tetsuji Aoyagi","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cycle threshold (Ct) values obtained from real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests are commonly used to determine COVID-19 isolation discharge from hospitals. However, not all patients with low Ct values are infectious, and studies evaluating infectivity through virus cultures in Japan remain limited. This study assessed patients with Ct values &lt;30 at 10 days after symptom onset and compared the clinical characteristics of seven patients with positive virus culture results and 11 patients with negative virus culture results to validate the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) isolation criteria in Japan.</div><div>Among non-immunosuppressed patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19, 80 % were virus culture-negative 10 days after symptom onset, even when the Ct values were &lt;30. In contrast, only 33 % of patients with severe-to-critical symptoms tested negative on virus culture. All immunosuppressed patients with severe-to-critical symptoms consistently tested positive in virus cultures. Notably, three patients with hematological disorders remained virus culture-positive 20 days after symptom onset.</div><div>These findings generally align with the CDC criteria. For non-immunosuppressed patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19, isolation release after 10 days is supported without the need for additional RT-PCR testing. However, for non-immunosuppressed patients with severe-to-critical symptoms and immunocompromised patients, particularly those with hematological disorders, isolation may be safely discontinued when Ct values exceed 30 after 10 days. This study provides valuable insights into identifying individuals suitable for isolation release based on SARS-CoV-2 testing in Japan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 102714"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}