Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy最新文献_第10页

Spontaneous remission of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia followed by severe pulmonary nocardiosis in a patient with HIV infection: A case report 艾滋病毒感染患者急性肺孢子虫肺炎自发性缓解并发严重肺诺卡菌病1例。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102609

Yuki Hiraoka , Takashi Ogasawara , Yasuhisa Tajima , Takashi Yaguchi , Akira Watanabe , Katsuji Teruya , Kimihiko Nagasaki , Wataru Matsuyama , Mitsuru Niwa , Yuichi Ozawa , Jun Sato

{"title":"Spontaneous remission of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia followed by severe pulmonary nocardiosis in a patient with HIV infection: A case report","authors":"Yuki Hiraoka , Takashi Ogasawara , Yasuhisa Tajima , Takashi Yaguchi , Akira Watanabe , Katsuji Teruya , Kimihiko Nagasaki , Wataru Matsuyama , Mitsuru Niwa , Yuichi Ozawa , Jun Sato","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We describe a rare case of spontaneous remission of <em>Pneumocystis jirovecii</em> pneumonia (PCP) in a 42-year-old patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, followed by severe pulmonary nocardiosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous remission of PCP in a completely untreated patient with HIV infection. The patient, a bisexual Japanese man, presented with fever and anorexia and had a history of non-compliance with antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 13 years. PCP was initially suspected on the basis of imaging and laboratory findings, but the patient refused further evaluation and treatment. Surprisingly, the evidence of PCP infection disappeared without intervention. Four months later, the patient was diagnosed with severe pulmonary nocardiosis caused by <em>Nocardia beijingensis</em>, which was confirmed by bronchoscopy and culture. Antibiotic therapy and ART resulted in significant clinical improvement. Based on this case, we propose that <em>N. beijingensis</em> infection may contribute to spontaneous remission of PCP, possibly through production of antimicrobial substances and induction of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. On the other hand, fluctuations in immune function, particularly variability in CD4<sup>+</sup> T lymphocytes, may also contribute. This report highlights the complex interplay between opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. These findings may provide valuable insights into the management of PCP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 3","pages":"Article 102609"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polymicrobial bacteremia including Ignatzschineria indica caused by myiasis in a female patient with carcinoma of unknown primary. 1例原发不明癌女性患者因蝇蛆病引起的多微生物菌血症，包括印度伊格纳茨氏菌。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102607

Tatsuki Mura, Yutaka Takahara, Masaharu Iguchi, Nobuhiko Ueda, Yoshitsugu Iinuma

{"title":"Polymicrobial bacteremia including Ignatzschineria indica caused by myiasis in a female patient with carcinoma of unknown primary.","authors":"Tatsuki Mura, Yutaka Takahara, Masaharu Iguchi, Nobuhiko Ueda, Yoshitsugu Iinuma","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 70-year-old woman with a 6-month history of poor hygiene presented with a right occipital mass, ulceration, and neck swelling. The right occipital region was infested with approximately 100 fly maggots, and the mass contained a foul-smelling abscess. Maggots were removed, and the mass was drained, irrigated, and dressed with padding. Ceftriaxone 1 g/day was administered for 6 days. The patient was transferred on hospital day 32. Blood cultures obtained at admission were positive at 17.3 hours. Gram stain revealed both Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative rods. However, only Providencia stuartii, Ignatzschineria indica, and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans were subsequently identified. Aerobic reculture of the initial blood culture bottle was performed for 4 days, followed by repeated incubation under 5% CO<sub>2</sub> and anaerobic conditions. A 1 mm colony adjacent to I. indica growth was isolated after CO2 incubation and identified as Fastidiosipila sanguinis by 16S rRNA analysis. Myiasis, a parasitic disease caused by dipteran larvae, can lead to the detection of maggot-associated bacteria in blood cultures. Ignatzschineria species, particularly I. indica, are most commonly isolated in myiasis patients. These organisms are typically associated with blood cultures from unhygienic male patients, although cases in females with adenocarcinoma have been reported. Fastidiosipila sanguinis has only been documented in three cases since its description in 2005, with its origin remaining unknown. In this case, the origin of F. sanguinis was presumed to be the myiasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"102607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incidence of severe illness in pediatric influenza outpatients treated with baloxavir or neuraminidase inhibitors 小儿流感门诊患者接受巴洛韦或神经氨酸酶抑制剂治疗的严重疾病发生率

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102606

Isao Miyairi , Shogo Miyazawa , Yusaku Takahashi , Satoshi Kojima , Yoshitake Kitanishi , Eriko Ogura

{"title":"Incidence of severe illness in pediatric influenza outpatients treated with baloxavir or neuraminidase inhibitors","authors":"Isao Miyairi , Shogo Miyazawa , Yusaku Takahashi , Satoshi Kojima , Yoshitake Kitanishi , Eriko Ogura","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>A single oral dose of baloxavir marboxil, a cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor, is approved for patients with influenza A or B infection; however, real-world evidence is limited. We evaluated the effectiveness of baloxavir vs neuraminidase inhibitors in reducing the incidence of severe illness in influenza outpatients aged 5−11 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed individual-level data from patients treated with these antivirals, using a large, Japanese health insurance claims database (JMDC). Patients were included at the first date of diagnosis of the influenza virus infection (Day 1) in two influenza seasons. The primary outcome was the incidence of hospitalization from Day 2–14.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 196,749 included patients (Season 2018/2019, n = 103,709; Season 2019/2020, n = 93,040), 20.9 % received baloxavir, 38.8 % received oseltamivir, 28.7 % received laninamivir, and 11.6 % received zanamivir. In each treatment group, 61–70 % patients had influenza A. The incidence of hospitalization from Day 2–14 was significantly lower for baloxavir than for oseltamivir, laninamivir, and zanamivir. The adjusted risk ratio (95 % CI) for oseltamivir, laninamivir, and zanamivir were 1.86 (1.30–2.68), 2.11 (1.37–3.25), and 1.90 (1.31–2.77), respectively, compared with baloxavir. Comparative incidence of hospitalizations between agents were unaffected by season or virus type.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Using a large, Japanese health insurance claims database, a lower rate of hospitalization was demonstrated in children aged 5–11 years with an influenza virus infection when treated with baloxavir vs neuraminidase inhibitors. Thus, single dose, oral baloxavir may reduce the incidence of severe illness in these patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 3","pages":"Article 102606"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrocautery ablation therapy for anal intraepithelial carcinoma with high-resolution anoscopy 高分辨率肛门镜下电灼消融治疗肛门上皮内癌。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102608

Hiroshi Kitamura , Naokatsu Ando , Daisuke Mizushima, Daisuke Shiojiri, Takato Nakamoto, Misao Takano, Hiroyuki Gatanaga

{"title":"Electrocautery ablation therapy for anal intraepithelial carcinoma with high-resolution anoscopy","authors":"Hiroshi Kitamura , Naokatsu Ando , Daisuke Mizushima, Daisuke Shiojiri, Takato Nakamoto, Misao Takano, Hiroyuki Gatanaga","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigated the efficacy and safety of electrocautery ablation for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) in men who have sex with men (MSM) including people with human immunodeficiency virus, using comprehensive biopsy with high-resolution anoscopy (HRA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This single-arm, open-label pilot study included 20 MSM with HSIL who were treated with electrocautery ablation. The participants were recruited from the National Center for Global Health and Medicine and followed up using HRA with a comprehensive biopsy approach at 3- and 6-months post-ablation. A comprehensive biopsy was defined as at least 1 biopsy taken from each of the 6 segments of the anal canal regardless of any abnormal findings. The primary endpoint was the local HSIL cure rate at 6 months. Secondary endpoints included the total cure rate, recurrence rates, and adverse events.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age of the 20 participants was 45 years, and 90 % were HIV-positive. The local cure rates were 40 % at 3 months and 50 % at 6 months. The total cure rates were 35 % and 40 % at 3 and 6 months, respectively. Ectopic recurrence occurred in 27.8 % of the participants. Most adverse events were mild and self-limiting.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Electrocautery ablation was a moderately effective and safe treatment for HSIL among MSM in Japan. However, the recurrence rates were high, indicating that conducting biopsies on normal-appearing lesions did not sufficiently prevent ectopic recurrence. Further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods is warranted to improve outcomes.</div><div>This trial was registered in the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials: Clinical Trial Plan Number: jRCTs032210649.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 3","pages":"Article 102608"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical and microbiological characteristics of granulomatous mastitis caused by Corynebacterium species: A case series 棒状杆菌引起肉芽肿性乳腺炎的临床和微生物学特征：一个病例系列。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102605

Toshinori Hara , Hiroki Kitagawa , Kayoko Tadera , Rie Nagaoka , Yumiko Koba , Seiya Kashiyama , Yuta Kuhara , Takuji Omoto , Toshihito Nomura , Keitaro Omori , Norifumi Shigemoto , Sho Mokuda , Hiroki Ohge

{"title":"Clinical and microbiological characteristics of granulomatous mastitis caused by Corynebacterium species: A case series","authors":"Toshinori Hara , Hiroki Kitagawa , Kayoko Tadera , Rie Nagaoka , Yumiko Koba , Seiya Kashiyama , Yuta Kuhara , Takuji Omoto , Toshihito Nomura , Keitaro Omori , Norifumi Shigemoto , Sho Mokuda , Hiroki Ohge","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Corynebacterium</em> species are an important cause of granulomatous mastitis (GM). Although there have been worldwide reports of infections caused by <em>Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii</em>, few cases of <em>C. tuberculostearicum</em> GM have been reported. We conducted a retrospective study to investigate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of GM caused by <em>Corynebacterium</em> spp. between January 1, 2014, and May 31, 2024. During the study period, six patients with GM were identified, including four cases of <em>C. kroppenstedtii</em> GM and two cases of <em>C. tuberculostearicum</em> GM. All patients were female with a median age of 32 years (range: 18–50 years). All patients underwent surgical drainage and were treated with clarithromycin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for various antimicrobial agents, including azithromycin, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, were higher for <em>C. tuberculostearicum</em> than for <em>C. kroppenstedtii</em>. Additionally, MALDI-TOF MS and 16s rRNA gene sequencing accurately identified <em>C. kroppenstedtii</em> and <em>C. tuberculostearicum</em>. Accurate identification of lipophilic <em>Corynebacterium</em> spp. is important for antibiotic treatment selection. If clinicians suspect lipophilic <em>Corynebacterium</em> spp. infection, particularly GM, they should ask the microbiology laboratory to test for lipophilic <em>Corynebacterium</em> spp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 3","pages":"Article 102605"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tubo-ovarian abscess caused by Clostridioides difficile after eight months of surgery: Case report and review of extraintestinal abdominal abscess cases 手术八个月后由艰难梭菌引起的输卵管脓肿：病例报告和腹腔外脓肿病例回顾。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.05.012

Shin Nakayama , Yoshitaka Wakabayashi , Ai Yamamoto , Takayuki Ichinose , Kazuki Takasaki , Kazunori Nagasaka , Takatoshi Kitazawa

{"title":"Tubo-ovarian abscess caused by Clostridioides difficile after eight months of surgery: Case report and review of extraintestinal abdominal abscess cases","authors":"Shin Nakayama , Yoshitaka Wakabayashi , Ai Yamamoto , Takayuki Ichinose , Kazuki Takasaki , Kazunori Nagasaka , Takatoshi Kitazawa","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2024.05.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2024.05.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a case of tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) caused by <em>Clostridioides difficile</em> (CD) in a 43-year-old female. Despite lacking a history of sexually transmitted diseases, the patient had undergone paraovarian cystectomy nine months before admission. Transvaginal ultrasonography performed eight months post-surgery revealed left ovarian enlargement, accompanied by subsequent lower abdominal pain and fever exceeding 38 °C. As oral antibiotic treatment was ineffective, the patient was admitted to our hospital. Computed tomography upon admission revealed a massive TOA. Surgical drainage of the abscess was performed, and CD was identified in the culture from the pus. The TOA was treated with a three-month course of metronidazole and oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. While CD is commonly associated with colitis, extraintestinal manifestations are exceptionally rare. This case represents the inaugural report of TOA resulting from CD. A literature review on abdominal and pelvic CD abscesses found that patients undergoing surgical drainage had a favorable prognosis. Therefore, surgical intervention plays an important role in the management of CD abscesses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 1","pages":"Article 102432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concerns about vaccines and vaccination behavior among Japanese budget travelers to India 前往印度的日本经济型旅行者对疫苗和接种行为的担忧。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.07.011

Michiyo Yamakawa , Yuko Tanaka , Akiko Tokinobu , Toshihide Tsuda

{"title":"Concerns about vaccines and vaccination behavior among Japanese budget travelers to India","authors":"Michiyo Yamakawa , Yuko Tanaka , Akiko Tokinobu , Toshihide Tsuda","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2024.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2024.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Low vaccination coverage among travelers poses a critical challenge to global health security. Indeed, public concerns regarding vaccines can lead to vaccine reluctance and refusal, but evidence about the impacts of concerns regarding vaccines on the uptake of travel vaccinations remains sparse. We examined the associations between concerns about vaccines and vaccination behavior among travelers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Japanese travelers aged 18 years or older, who stayed at a guesthouse in New Delhi, India, were targeted (n = 153). We conducted cross-sectional surveys from August 23 to September 2, 2019, and from February 19 to March 5, 2020. We examined the associations of three concerns regarding vaccines (5-point scale)—serious side effects from vaccines, vaccine safety, and vaccine effectiveness—with the uptake of travel vaccinations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 60 participants (39.2 %) had been vaccinated for this or a past trip. After adjusting for all potential confounding variables, concerns about serious side effects from vaccines and vaccine safety were negatively associated with the uptake of travel vaccinations. The ORs (95 % CIs) for 1-point increases in concerns about serious side effects from vaccines and vaccine safety were 0.72 (0.52, 0.99) and 0.71 (0.52, 0.96), respectively. Sensitivity analyses did not change the results substantially.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Concerns about vaccine safety issues were negatively associated with the uptake of travel vaccinations among the participants, with no corresponding association observed for vaccine effectiveness. Addressing concerns about vaccine safety issues, rather than vaccine effectiveness may contribute to an increased uptake of travel vaccinations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 1","pages":"Article 102471"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of isavuconazole in invasive cerebral aspergillosis during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a pediatric patient with myelodysplastic syndrome: A case report 在骨髓增生异常综合征儿科患者接受造血干细胞移植期间，异武唑对侵袭性脑曲霉菌病的疗效：病例报告。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.07.018

Hajime Nemoto , Moeko Hino , Takahiro Aoki , Yoshiharu Yamashita , Tomoko Okunushi , Koo Nagasawa , Naruhiko Ishiwada , Akira Watanabe , Shingo Yamazaki , Hiromichi Hamada

{"title":"Effectiveness of isavuconazole in invasive cerebral aspergillosis during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a pediatric patient with myelodysplastic syndrome: A case report","authors":"Hajime Nemoto , Moeko Hino , Takahiro Aoki , Yoshiharu Yamashita , Tomoko Okunushi , Koo Nagasawa , Naruhiko Ishiwada , Akira Watanabe , Shingo Yamazaki , Hiromichi Hamada","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2024.07.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2024.07.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pediatric myelodysplasia syndrome is often characterized by hypoplastic bone marrow morphology and predisposition to infection. Invasive aspergillosis during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation poses a significant threat and often requires voriconazole (VRCZ) therapy. However, difficulties in achieving appropriate VRCZ blood levels due to drug interactions have prompted the exploration of alternative treatments, such as isavuconazole (ISCZ). We present the case of a 4-year-old boy with myelodysplasia syndrome who developed multiple abscesses, including a brain abscess caused by <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em>, and was successfully treated with ISCZ. Despite initial treatment with liposomal amphotericin B and VRCZ, the patient's condition deteriorated. Transitioning to ISCZ treatment resulted in significant clinical improvement, resolution of the abscesses, and reduced antigen levels. Although ISCZ induced hepatic enzyme elevation, supportive care improved without discontinuation of treatment. This case highlights the potential of ISCZ in cases of pediatric invasive aspergillosis where traditional therapies fail, underscoring the need for further research and formulation development to optimize its use in this population. As more cases accumulate, ISCZ may become a promising option for treating severe invasive aspergillosis in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 1","pages":"Article 102478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two cases of iatrogenic levofloxacin-resistant pre-XDR tuberculosis in Japan 日本两例左氧氟沙星耐药的 XDR 前肺结核病例。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.08.003

Tomohiko Ukai , Akihiro Ohkado , Masao Okumura , Takashi Yoshiyama

{"title":"Two cases of iatrogenic levofloxacin-resistant pre-XDR tuberculosis in Japan","authors":"Tomohiko Ukai , Akihiro Ohkado , Masao Okumura , Takashi Yoshiyama","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report discusses two instances of iatrogenically induced pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR TB). In both cases, the patients were initially diagnosed with tuberculosis and hospitalized in university hospitals. Nucleic acid amplification tests identified rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis, leading to a deviation from clinical guidelines. Without prior verification of susceptibility to other drugs, levofloxacin was added to the standard antituberculosis regimen, which included isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and rifampicin. Subsequent phenotypic drug susceptibility tests (DST) revealed resistance to isoniazid but susceptibility to levofloxacin, thus reclassifying the condition as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). However, by the time these patients were transferred to our hospital and began MDR-TB treatment, they had already developed resistance to levofloxacin, escalating their condition to pre-XDR TB. These cases underscore the importance of rapid access to comprehensive DST upon the identification of rifampicin resistance and adherence to established clinical guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 1","pages":"Article 102488"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Plesiomonas shigelloides isolated from the stool of a Japanese traveler returning from Rwanda: A case report 从一名从卢旺达回国的日本旅行者粪便中分离出产广谱β-内酰胺酶的石灰样普列西单胞菌：病例报告。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.06.012

Shigeyuki Notake , Norihiko Terada , Kodai Tayama , Asami Sugie , Mariko Abe , Shiori Ikeda , Hiroatsu Iinuma , Yoshihiro Toeda , Atsuo Ueda , Koji Nakamura , Yoko Kurihara , Shigemi Hitomi

{"title":"Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Plesiomonas shigelloides isolated from the stool of a Japanese traveler returning from Rwanda: A case report","authors":"Shigeyuki Notake , Norihiko Terada , Kodai Tayama , Asami Sugie , Mariko Abe , Shiori Ikeda , Hiroatsu Iinuma , Yoshihiro Toeda , Atsuo Ueda , Koji Nakamura , Yoko Kurihara , Shigemi Hitomi","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2024.06.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2024.06.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 21-year-old previously healthy Japanese woman visited an outpatient clinic because of abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, vomiting, and mild fever that had started on the previous day. She traveled to rural and urban areas of Rwanda and returned to Japan 3 days before. Stool culture yielded the <em>Plesiomonas shigelloides</em> strain TMCH301018, against which minimum inhibitory concentrations of cefotaxime and cefotaxime-clavulanate were 128 and ≤0.12/4 μg/mL, respectively. The strain had the <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M-27</sub> gene and an IncA/C replicon-type plasmid. Moreover, a transformant produced by introduction of an IncA/C plasmid extracted from TMCH301018 into <em>Escherichia coli</em> DH5α was positive for the <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M-27</sub> gene and fulfilled the criteria of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, indicating that TMCH301018 produced ESBL of CTX-<em>M</em>-27 and the ESBL-encoding gene was located on an IncA/C plasmid. Pathogenicity of TMCH301018 for the patient's complaints was uncertain because a molecular assay detected other enteropathogens in the stool specimen and the symptoms improved within 2 days with administration of oral ciprofloxacin, to which TMCH301018 was not susceptible. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the isolation of ESBL-producing <em>P. shigelloides</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 1","pages":"Article 102449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141437013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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