Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Effect of a school-based tutorial about the HPV vaccine for female middle school students on the HPV vaccination rate in Japan: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Yo Murata ,&nbsp;Yuya Saito ,&nbsp;Toshimasa Obonai","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In Japan, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) rescinded recommendations for including the HPV vaccine in the national immunization program in 2013, which led to a drop in the vaccination rate to &lt; 1 %. Despite the MHLW's decision to reinstate the recommendations in 2022, the vaccination rate has remained low. The present study aimed to assess the effect of a school-based vaccine tutorial on the HPV vaccination rate in female middle-school students in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective cohort study, conducted in Higashimurayama, Tokyo from September 2023 to March 2024, enrolled female students aged 13–14 years in seven middle schools. Four and three schools formed a tutorial group and control group, respectively. The difference between the pre- and post-intervention vaccination rates was assessed using a questionnaire. Additionally, knowledge about the HPV vaccine and the rate of students’ discussion of the vaccine with their family were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 123 and 175 students from the tutorial and control group, respectively, were analyzed. The pre-intervention vaccination rate was 9.8 % and 7.4 % (p = 0.476), and the post-intervention vaccination rate was 16.3 % and 9.7 %, indicating a corresponding increase of 7.2 % and 2.5 % (p = 0.075). The knowledge increased to a greater degree in the tutorial group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study revealed an increasing trend in the HPV vaccination rate resulting from the school-based tutorial although the difference was not statistically significant. School-based tutorials can increase students’ knowledge about the vaccine and enable them to make informed decisions about vaccination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 4","pages":"Article 102671"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to Brucella in an HBV-positive cirrhotic patient.","authors":"Yasemin Çakır Kıymaz, Sümeyye Kara Yeşildağ, Sevgi Baltacı, Ayşenur Çömez Baysal, Cihad Baysal, Ertuğrul Keskin, Suna Bozkurt, Mürşit Hasbek, Seyit Ali Büyüktuna, Nazif Elaldı","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a severe complication of cirrhosis, occurring in approximately 15% of cirrhotic patients. The most common causative pathogens of SBP are Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Although brucellosis can cause various complications, it is a rare cause of peritonitis. Herein, we report a case of a 30-year-old male with chronic hepatitis B who presented with fever, night sweats, weight loss, abdominal pain, and distension. Brucella spp. was isolated from blood and peritoneal fluid cultures. The patient fully recovered following six weeks of treatment with oral doxycycline (100 mg twice daily) and rifampicin (900 mg/day). No relapses or complications were observed during follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"102663"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of ensitrelvir and symptomatic therapy in healthcare workers with mild COVID-19: A single center retrospective analysis in Chiba, Japan","authors":"Jun Hirai ,&nbsp;Yuki Hanai","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Ensitrelvir, a novel oral antiviral targeting the 3CL protease of SARS-CoV-2, has demonstrated efficacy in reducing viral load in clinical trials. Rapid viral clearance in healthcare workers (HCWs) with mild COVID-19 is critical for symptom relief and minimizing secondary transmission. However, real-world evidence on ensitrelvir's effectiveness in this population is limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This single-center retrospective study analyzed 407 HCWs with mild COVID-19 treated with either ensitrelvir or symptomatic therapy. Viral load was assessed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction cycle threshold (Ct) values. The primary endpoint was achieving a Ct &gt; 30, indicating low infectivity, on days 5–8 or 9–12. Secondary endpoints included adverse events, hospitalization, disease progression, and all-cause mortality within 30 days of symptom onset. Multivariate logistic regression identified factors associated with achieving Ct &gt; 30.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients in the ensitrelvir group had significantly higher rates of achieving Ct &gt; 30 on days 5–8 (38.0 % vs. 9.9 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) and days 9–12 (77.8 % vs. 42.3 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Treatment with ensitrelvir was associated with a significantly higher likelihood of symptom improvement within 5–8 days compared to symptomatic therapy (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Multivariate analysis confirmed ensitrelvir as independently associated with Ct &gt; 30 (adjusted odds ratio: 6.498; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). No adverse events, hospitalizations, or mortality were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Ensitrelvir demonstrated superior viral clearance compared to symptomatic therapy, facilitating a safer and earlier return to work for HCWs. However, additional precautions, such as mask use, remain essential for HCWs working in high-risk environments, even after ensitrelvir treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ensitrelvir is a safe and effective option for reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral load in HCWs with mild COVID-19, supporting timely recovery and reducing infectivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 4","pages":"Article 102668"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility of commensal Neisseria species in the Japanese population","authors":"Izumo Kanesaka ,&nbsp;Sheeba Santhini Manoharan-Basil ,&nbsp;Tessa De Block ,&nbsp;Chris Kenyon ,&nbsp;Masahiro Morita ,&nbsp;Takamitsu Ito ,&nbsp;Natsue Yamane ,&nbsp;Akiko Katsuse Kanayama ,&nbsp;Intetsu Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to, for the first time, characterize the antimicrobial susceptibilities of commensal <em>Neisseria</em> species in the general population in Japan. In particular, we assessed if the tetracycline minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of these isolates were changing over time and, given the recent interest in doxycycline post exposure prophylaxis (PEP), if the tetracycline MICs were associated with those of the other antimicrobials.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>Neisseria</em> spp. were isolated from 1679 patients visiting dental clinics in Japan between 2018 and 2023. The MICs of tetracycline, ceftriaxone, cefixime, penicillin, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin against <em>Neisseria</em> spp. were determined using agar dilution. Linear regression was used to assess if there was an association between MIC and the year the isolate was obtained from, controlling for species identity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>Neisseria</em> spp. were detected in 424 of 1679 individuals sampled. Of these, 417 (98.3 %) isolates were identified as <em>Neisseria subflava</em>, and the remaining 7 (1.7 %) as <em>Neisseria mucosa</em>. The median tetracycline MIC was 0.5 mg/L (IQR 0.5–1 mg/L). The MICs of penicillin, cefixime, ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin were lower in <em>N. mucosa</em> than in <em>N. subflava</em>. The tetracycline MICs of <em>Neisseria</em> spp. were positively correlated with penicillin, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin. No significant correlations were found with cefixime or ceftriaxone.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results suggest that despite the overall decline in antimicrobial use in Japan, MICs for several antimicrobials have increased over time. In particular, the MIC of tetracycline tends to be high in Japan. These results suggest the need to include surveillance of tetracycline MICs of commensal <em>Neisseria</em> spp. in doxycycline PEP implementation studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 4","pages":"Article 102670"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycobacterium goodii pulmonary disease in an immunocompetent patient: A case report and literature review","authors":"Toshihiro Shiratori ,&nbsp;Yasuhito Nunomura ,&nbsp;Masamichi Itoga ,&nbsp;Tomonori Makiguchi ,&nbsp;Hisashi Tanaka ,&nbsp;Kageaki Taima ,&nbsp;Kinuyo Chikamatsu ,&nbsp;Akira Kurose ,&nbsp;Satoshi Mitarai ,&nbsp;Sadatomo Tasaka","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycobacterium goodii</em> is a rapidly growing non-tuberculosis mycobacterium, which is known to cause skin, bone and soft tissue infections, but there are a few reports of respiratory infections due to <em>M. goodii</em>. A 67-year-old man had suffered from productive cough, shortness of breath and weight loss for 6 months. He had a history of total gastrectomy for gastric ulcer perforation. Computed tomography (CT) showed dense consolidation in the right lower lobe and nodular lesions in both lungs. Transbronchial cryobiopsy was performed on a lesion in the right lower lobe and granulomatous lesions were observed pathologically. Because <em>M. goodii</em> was identified from two sputum samples using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), we made a diagnosis of <em>M. goodii</em> pulmonary disease. To confirm the diagnosis, whole genome sequencing analysis was performed, which showed average nucleotide identity of 99.18 %. The patient was responded well to the initial therapy with amikacin, imipenem/cilastatin, doxycycline, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and clarithromycin, followed by 18 months of ambulatory treatment with doxycycline, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, clarithromycin, and sitafloxacin. The sputum culture remained negative and CT findings also significantly improved 6 months after the introduction of treatment. In this case, the development of <em>M. goodii</em> pulmonary disease is might be associated with the history of gastrectomy. For identifying the pathogen, MALDI-TOF MS and whole genome sequencing analysis were useful and the intensive initial treatment in accordance with the drug susceptibility testing was successful.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 4","pages":"Article 102665"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assignments of antibiotic spectrum coverage scores of antibiotic agents approved in Japan: Utilization of the days of antibiotic spectrum coverage","authors":"Masayuki Maeda ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kakiuchi ,&nbsp;Yuichi Muraki","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating the automated collection of antimicrobial use metrics into national surveillance systems is vital for antimicrobial stewardship evaluation. The days of antibiotic spectrum coverage (DASC) serves as a quantitative metric for assessing de-escalation strategies. A major challenge is that DASC has not yet been integrated into the national surveillance system, partly owing to the omission of commonly used antibiotics in Japan in the initially developed antibiotic spectrum coverage (ASC) scores. This study aimed to establish ASC scores for antibiotics approved in Japan and generate data supporting their integration into the national surveillance system. Antibiotics approved in Japan that had not been assigned ASC scores in the prior study were identified. Their antimicrobial activity was assessed against 16 organism categories using the same methodology as the original study. We analyzed the correlation between the Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) classification and ASC scores for antibiotics approved in Japan. The ASC scores had a range of 3–16, with a median of seven. The AWaRe classification was slightly correlated with ASC scores (Spearman's ρ = 0.234). Our findings highlight the significance of employing diverse antimicrobial use metrics for comprehensively evaluating antimicrobial stewardship. The results of this study will support stakeholders in implementing ASC scores into the national surveillance system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 4","pages":"Article 102667"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of BD BACTEC blood culture bottle shortage on performance metrics: An interrupted time-series analysis at a Japanese university-affiliated hospital","authors":"Naoya Itoh ,&nbsp;Nana Akazawa-Kai ,&nbsp;Nobumasa Okumura ,&nbsp;Shunsuke Kuriki ,&nbsp;Chiharu Wachino ,&nbsp;Takanori Kawabata","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In 2024, a global shortage of BD BACTEC blood culture bottles disrupted clinical practices worldwide. This study assessed the impact of the shortage on blood culture performance metrics and evaluated the effectiveness of management strategies implemented at a Japanese university-affiliated hospital.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This single-center, retrospective observational study was conducted between June 29, 2024, and September 25, 2024, and analyzed two phases: the pre-shortage period and the shortage period. During the shortage, clinicians were instructed to collect only one blood culture set per patient, with exceptions allowed for specific conditions. Interrupted time-series analysis was performed to examine changes in blood culture performance indicators.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 4490 blood cultures were collected during the study period. The proportion of cases with two or more sets collected and the contamination rate of blood cultures significantly decreased during the shortage period. Additionally, the positivity rate of blood cultures also significantly declined compared to the pre-shortage period. <em>Candida</em> species were isolated more frequently during the shortage period, while no significant changes were observed for other organisms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The adoption of simplified instructions enabled a rapid transition to single-set blood culture collection during the supply shortage. However, this approach reduced the blood culture positivity rate and hindered contamination rate assessment. These findings highlight the critical need for a stable supply of blood culture bottles and the importance of continued education on optimal blood culture collection practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 4","pages":"Article 102664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world data on combination treatment with bedaquiline in patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in Japan: An interim analysis of post-marketing surveillance","authors":"Mako Nakaya ,&nbsp;Manami Kamishima ,&nbsp;Toshio Yamaoka ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Tsuchiya ,&nbsp;Tokiko Touma ,&nbsp;Atsushi Saito ,&nbsp;Yuki Saito ,&nbsp;Hideaki Nagai","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>An observational post-marketing surveillance (PMS) is being conducted to evaluate the long-term safety and effectiveness of bedaquiline as part of combination therapies in treating pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This interim analysis includes patients with MDR-TB who started bedaquiline-containing anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs in Japan between January 2018 and September 2022. Outcomes include the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and negative sputum cultures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 112 patients were included in the safety analysis. All patients were receiving anti-TB drugs in addition to bedaquiline at baseline; 96.4 % were receiving ≥3 drugs. The most commonly used concomitant anti-TB drugs were delamanid, cycloserine, linezolid, and levofloxacin hydrate. At 24 weeks after bedaquiline initiation, in the effectiveness analysis set, 19/20 (95.0 %) had negative sputum mycobacteria growth indicator tube cultures and 9/12 (75.0 %) have negative solid medium cultures. Patients received bedaquiline for a median of 186.0 days, during which 85 ADRs occurred in 45 patients (40.2 %). The top three ADRs were electrocardiogram QT prolonged (9.8 %), nausea (7.1 %), and hepatic function abnormal (4.5 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This interim analysis of a PMS supports the long-term safety and effectiveness of bedaquiline for MDR-TB in Japan. ADRs were consistent with previous reports and no new safety signals were detected. The final analysis of this ongoing PMS will be expected to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 4","pages":"Article 102661"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intention and potential determinants of COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers at a single university hospital in Japan, 2024–2025 pre-season","authors":"Hideharu Hagiya ,&nbsp;Yasushi Fujita ,&nbsp;Takashi Kiguchi ,&nbsp;Yohei Manabe","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Financial accessibility has emerged as a significant barrier to vaccine uptake following the cessation of universal public funding for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination programs. This investigation assessed the intention and determinant factors of COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers in Japan in the 2024–2025 pre-season.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective survey was conducted utilizing data collected from hospital staff at Okayama University Hospital, Japan, to inform the COVID-19 vaccination strategy in October 2024. The analysis evaluated demographic characteristics, vaccine intention, perceived barriers to vaccination, and maximum acceptable out-of-pocket expenditure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study population of 3417 respondents comprised 843 medical doctors (24.7 %), 1131 nurses (33.1 %), 320 other medical staff (9.4 %), 286 dental doctors (8.4 %), and 627 administrative officers (18.3 %). At full cost, 2109 (61.7 %) indicated no intention to receive vaccination, while only 4.4 % expressed willingness to be vaccinated and 33.9 % remained undecided. With total self-payment, the vaccination acceptance rates were the highest and lowest among medical doctors (11.4 %) and nurses (1.0 %), respectively. Cost (38.1 %), followed by safety issues (29.5 %) and concerns regarding efficacy or medical necessity (20.3 %), emerged as the primary barrier. The projected vaccination intention increased to 43.9 % and 54.9 % at reduced self-pay costs of 3000 JPY and 5000 JPY, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Addressing financial constraints through policy interventions could be effective strategies in increasing overall vaccination coverage among healthcare workers. In addition, providing tailored education on vaccine safety, efficacy, and necessity may further facilitate increased vaccine uptake within this critical population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 3","pages":"Article 102660"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal anaerobes and Enterococcus faecalis promote Candida glabrata gastrointestinal colonization and organ dissemination","authors":"Masahiro Abe ,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Sekizuka ,&nbsp;Yoshitsugu Miyazaki","doi":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Candida glabrata</em> is a common causative pathogen of endogenous candidiasis. It is assumed that the gastrointestinal flora affects <em>C. glabrata</em> gastrointestinal colonization and organ dissemination in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). However, no reports have yet described the relationships between <em>C. glabrata</em> and bacteria in the GIT. This study aimed to clarify these relationships using a mouse endogenous candidiasis model with cortisone acetate immunosuppression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Dysbiosis was induced in the GIT by several antibiotic combinations, and then <em>C. glabrata</em> gastrointestinal colonization and organ dissemination were evaluated. Next, metagenomic sequencing analysis of the gastrointestinal flora was performed to identify bacteria associated with <em>C. glabrata</em> organ dissemination. Finally, coinfection experiments were performed using bacteria isolated from the mouse GIT.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>C. glabrata</em> organ dissemination was significantly promoted using specific antibiotics regardless of the amount of colonization in the GIT. Metagenomic sequencing analysis of the gastrointestinal flora showed that <em>Enterococcus</em> species and anaerobes were significantly associated with enhanced organ dissemination, whereas <em>Enterobacterales</em>, such as <em>Escherichia</em> species and <em>Klebsiella</em> species, were associated with the suppression of organ dissemination. In coinfection experiments, <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> and <em>Faecalibaculum rodentium</em> inoculation, but not either of them, increased <em>C. glabrata</em> organ dissemination without affecting gastrointestinal colonization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Coinfection with gastrointestinal bacteria promoted <em>C. glabrata</em> organ dissemination, which would indicate that gastrointestinal flora could affect <em>C. glabrata</em> dissemination. Therefore, the gastrointestinal flora could be a target for intervention or treatment in clinical settings. Insights from this study would lead to better control of endogenous candidiasis focusing on the gastrointestinal flora.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"31 4","pages":"Article 102658"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}