Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science最新文献_第4页

Parasitological evaluation and heavy metal levels of water from boreholes and hand-dug wells in peri-urban centres of Ejisu Juaben Municipality - 济济市华本市城郊钻孔和手挖井水的寄生虫学评价及重金属含量

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jeos.20160307102331

Yaw Owusu Afriyie Kusi

{"title":"Parasitological evaluation and heavy metal levels of water from boreholes and hand-dug wells in peri-urban centres of Ejisu Juaben Municipality -","authors":"Yaw Owusu Afriyie Kusi","doi":"10.5455/jeos.20160307102331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jeos.20160307102331","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the drinking water suitability of hand-dug wells and boreholes through the assessment of parasitic worms and concentrations of iron, manganese, zinc and cadmium in the Ejisu-Juaben municipality of Ashanti Region from 2012-2013. Method: Water samples were collected from three boreholes and three hand-dug wells selected randomly from each community and the water samples analyzed using various standard methods. Results: Two hand-dug wells at Ejisu and Juaben recorded iron (Fe) levels of 0.6810 and 0.3220 mg/l respectively, all boreholes and hand-dug wells had heavy metal (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cd) levels within the WHO guideline values. The mean iron concentration of boreholes and hand-dug wells across the various sampling locations was highly significant (p=0.001). In contrast, mean manganese and iron levels were not significant (p=0.507 and p=0.640 respectively). A total number of nine helminths were found out of the fifteen hand-dug wells. Six out of the nine helminths encountered were Ascaris species (66.7%), two were Hookworm (22.2%) and one was Schistosoma haematobium (11.1%) which were recorded at Ejisu, Juaben, Fumesua and Besease. A brief sanitation survey at each sampling community showed that, most hand-dug wells were sited near pit latrines, refuse dumps, septic tanks, piggeries and in the vicinity of domestic animals with a minimum distance of 5m. The difference between mean distance of boreholes and hand-dug wells to sanitary sites was statistically significant (p=0.039). Conclusion: By comparism, parasitological quality and metal concentrations of water from the selected boreholes were better than some of the selected hand-dug wells and thus must be treated before use.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"22 1","pages":"7-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77171565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occupational Exposure to Oxyacetylene Flame Could Predispose to Macrocytic Anaemia in Welders in Nnewi, South East Nigeria 职业暴露于氧乙炔火焰可诱发大细胞性贫血的焊工在奈威，尼日利亚东南部

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jeos.20161124094126

N. Ibeh, J. Aneke, C. Okocha, E. Obeagu

引用次数: 2

Hypothesis: overestimation of Chernobyl consequences 假设:高估切尔诺贝利的后果

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20160812114809

S. Jargin

引用次数: 3

Sergei V. Jargin. 2016. Hypothesis: overestimation of Chernobyl consequences. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science 5(3):59-63. - 谢尔盖·v·贾尔金，2016。假设:高估切尔诺贝利的后果。环境科学学报，5(3):59-63。-

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20161012095029

Sergei V. Jargin

引用次数: 1

Pattern of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Nigerian Hospital Workers - 尼日利亚医院工作人员与工作有关的肌肉骨骼疾病的模式

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20160328020833

O. Ayanniyi, Oluwasegun Sunday Nudamajo, C. Mbada

{"title":"Pattern of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Nigerian Hospital Workers -","authors":"O. Ayanniyi, Oluwasegun Sunday Nudamajo, C. Mbada","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20160328020833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20160328020833","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs) are recognized as leading causes of significant human suffering and loss of productivity. This study investigated the pattern of WRMSDs among hospital workers in Osun State, South-West, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A total of 769 hospital workers participated in this descriptive study, yielding a response rate of 75.8%. However, only 742 questionnaires were found valid and used in the final analysis. The survey tool used in this study was a combination of the Nordic Questionnaire and a self-developed occupational health proforma. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean, percentage and frequency. Results: Working in erect standing posture (37.3%) and in bending position for 3 to 4 hours (40.7%) were mostly common among the hospital workers. Pattern of time spent working at a stretch and work breaks durations vary across different postures. Irrespective of work postures, work break time was often less than 30 minutes. The low back (61.1%) was the worst hit anatomical region, followed by neck (43.4%), shoulder (32.1%), and upper back (31.5%), while the elbow (12.7%) was the least affect body site. The 12-months WRMSDs prevalence, 12-months and 7 days activity limitation for low back disorder was 61.1%, 18.6% and 17.3% respectively. Nursing profession recorded a higher percentage of WRMSDs, in all the nine anatomically defined body part, followed by administrative officers and laboratory scientists. Conclusion: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders affects all sectors of hospital workforce with spinal related disorders being predominant. The pattern of WRMSDs and its associated activity limitation differs across vocational and professional groups with higher predilection among nursing professionals, followed by administrative officers and laboratory scientists. The low back was most injured anatomical site across vocational and professional groups.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"57 1","pages":"18-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79806062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Salmonella Isolates from Lactating Cows andIn-contact Humans in Dairy Farms, Northwest Ethiopia - 埃塞俄比亚西北部奶牛场产乳牛和接触者分离的沙门氏菌流行率和抗生素耐药性模式

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20151102014711

D. Hailu, A. Gelaw, W. Molla, L. Garedew, L. Cole, Roger P. Johnson

{"title":"Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Salmonella Isolates from Lactating Cows andIn-contact Humans in Dairy Farms, Northwest Ethiopia -","authors":"D. Hailu, A. Gelaw, W. Molla, L. Garedew, L. Cole, Roger P. Johnson","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20151102014711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20151102014711","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Salmonellosis is an infectious disease of humans and animals caused by species of Salmonella. Salmonella are widespread in the environment and commonly found in farm effluents and sewage. Epidemiological information on the prevalence of salmmonelosis is a prerequisite to develop appropriate control strategies. Objective: To assess the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of Salmonella isolates. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 152 cows and 14 humans were included in the study. Milk, fecal sample and human stool were collected. Samples were pre-enriched with buffered peptone water and transferred to selenite cysteine broth and rappaport-vassilidis broth. Isolation was made by plating on to xylose lysine deoxycholate agar and brilliant green agar. Biochemical, antibiotic susceptibility testing and serotyping were done. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Binary logistic regression was applied and p-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Of the total 21 Salmonella isolates identified, 19(90.5%) and 2(9.5%) isolates were from lactating cows and in-contact individuals, respectively. Salmonella bredeney was the most common (85.7%). Drinking water source had statistically significant (P=0.027) association. All isolates were resistant at least to one of the antibiotics tested with 100% to ampicillin. All isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and amoxacilin/clavulanic acid. Conclusion: Large percentage of Salmonella isolates were resistant at least to one of the antibiotics tested. Salmonellosis treatment could be difficult in the future unless wise use of antibiotics is practiced.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"6 1","pages":"171-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74625436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Human Health Risk Assessment of Trace metals in Water from Qua Iboe River Estuary, Ibeno, Nigeria - 尼日利亚伊贝诺夸伊博河口水中痕量金属的人体健康风险评价

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20150714122504

E. Moses, B. Etuk

{"title":"Human Health Risk Assessment of Trace metals in Water from Qua Iboe River Estuary, Ibeno, Nigeria -","authors":"E. Moses, B. Etuk","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20150714122504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20150714122504","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aimed to determine levels of trace metals in Qua Iboe river estuary (QIRE), Ibeno and estimate human health risk associated with water from the river via ingestion and dermal exposure. Method: Trace metals in water from QIRE was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and human health risk induced by the trace metals in dry and wet seasons was investigated using mathematical models recommended by United States Environmental Potential Agency (USEPA). Results: The range for the different metals investigated in dry season were as follows: Pb (0.147 to 0.19mg/l), Cd (0.02 to 0.31mg/l), V(0.04 to 0.11mg/l), Cr (0.09 to 0.18mg/l), Ni (0.28 to 0.61mg/l), Fe (8.78 to 13.97mg/l), Zn (0.13 to 0.56mg/l). The results for wet season were: Pb (0.07 to 0.19mg/l), Cd (0.05 to 0.31mg/l), V (0.01 to 0.03mg/l), Cr (0.02 to 0.15mg/l), Ni (0.03 to 2.33mg/l), Fe (0.02 to 4.92mg/l), Zn (0.11 to 0.43mg/l). Concentrations of metals were above USEPA limits except Zn. The target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) values via ingestion of water were greater than one while the THQ values via dermal contact were greater than one for Cd only. The combined target hazard index (HI*) from ingestion and dermal contact of water was greater than unity for Cd, Cr and Pb for wet and dry seasons. Conclusion: Findings in this study show that Pb, Cd and Cr may contribute to health risk from dermal and oral exposure to water from the QIRE systems. Constant monitoring and remediation processes of the QIRE are strongly recommended.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"150-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79765725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Prevalence of occupational contact dermatitis, knowledge and adaption of preventive measures by chemical industries workers of Pune: An observational study - 普那市化工工人职业性接触性皮炎的患病率、预防措施的知识和适应:一项观察性研究

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20141106012039

Ateequr Rahman, A. Sultana, Khaleequr Rahman, Syed Taher Alil Bilgrami

{"title":"Prevalence of occupational contact dermatitis, knowledge and adaption of preventive measures by chemical industries workers of Pune: An observational study -","authors":"Ateequr Rahman, A. Sultana, Khaleequr Rahman, Syed Taher Alil Bilgrami","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20141106012039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20141106012039","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the prevalence of occupational contact dermatitis (OCD), knowledge and adaption of preventive measures by chemical industries workers in Pimpri Chinchwad, Pune. Materials and methods: Across sectional study was conducted from August 2010 to July 2011 on five hundred randomly selected participants from varnish, cement, nickel salt and oil paint industries. A semi-structured interview questionnaire was used to record details regarding socio-demographic data, knowledge and preventive measures adapted towards occupational hazards. Nordic occupational skin questionnaire and Occupational Contact Dermatitis Disease Severity Index (ODDI) were used to record the data related to the disease. Results: Overall prevalence of OCD was 5.20% (n=26/500).The prevalence in varnish, oil paint, nickel salt and cement exposed workers was 9.82% (n=11/112), 6.42%(n=7/109), 3.72%(n=6/161) and 1.69%(n=2/118) respectively. The ODDI mean(SD) score of severity index was 4.2(1.44). The prevalence regarding poor, average and good knowledge of occupational hazards was 7.22%(n=12/166), 4.24%(n=12/283) and 3.92%(n=2/51) respectively. The prevalence regarding not at all, irregularly and regularly adapting preventive measures was 11.11%(n=13/117), 4.67% (n=10/214) and 1.78% (n= 3/169)respectively. Conclusion:The workers involved in varnish chemical industry are more susceptible to OCD than workers involved in nickel salt, cement, and oil paint industries. This study clearly indicates that knowledge regarding the occupational hazards and adaption of preventive measures are prerequisite to lower the prevalence of OCD in chemical industries workers as prevalence was higher in poor knowledge workers and workers who had not adapted any preventive measures.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85116354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Exploratory Study of Bacterial Contamination of Different Surfaces in Four Shopping Malls in Sharjah, UAE 阿联酋沙迦四个购物中心不同表面细菌污染的探索性研究

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20150611030039

M. Elsergany, M. Moussa, A. Ahsan, Athra Khalfan, A. Eissa

{"title":"Exploratory Study of Bacterial Contamination of Different Surfaces in Four Shopping Malls in Sharjah, UAE","authors":"M. Elsergany, M. Moussa, A. Ahsan, Athra Khalfan, A. Eissa","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20150611030039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20150611030039","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Frequent touch surfaces encountered in shopping malls can play a role in transmission of microbial pathogens and the dissemination of infectious diseases. This study aims at assessing the bacterial contamination of such surfaces in 4 large shopping malls in Sharjah, UAE. Materials and Methods: A total of 224 samples were collected from 4 different malls in Sharjah, UAE, in 2014, using sterile cotton swabs. The swabs were transferred and spread on Nutrient agar plates and incubated for 48 hours at 37°C. Colony forming units (CFUs) were counted for each plate, then isolated and identified using colony morphology, differential staining, and growth capabilities on different types of media. Results: Out of all collected samples, 192 (amounting to 86%) were positive (contaminated with bacteria). In each mall, more than 80% of all sampled surfaces were contaminated with bacterial growth. The highest bacterial density was found on food courts trays, food courts tables surfaces, and food tray handles. Comparing the average bacterial count from all surfaces in the 4 different malls under study, a significant result was observed, with one-way repeated measures ANOVA yielding the following: F(3) = 3.42, p = 0.024. The highest mean bacterial counts were in the malls with the highest numbers of visitors/m2. Conclusion: Nearly, every single sampled surface yielded a moderate to heavy degree of bacterial contamination. This is cause for concern, because infection risk depends to a large extent on infectious doses of pathogens. Consequently, cleaning services in shopping malls should be improved, and the public should be educated on the best hygiene-related precautions to be taken in malls.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"43 1","pages":"101-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81126275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PERCEPTION OF NIGERIAN PHYSIOTHERAPISTS ON MANUAL HANDLING TECHNIQUES 评估尼日利亚物理治疗师对手工处理技术的知识、态度和看法

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20151217013219

C. Mbada, O. Adejuyigbe, J. Omole, O. Idowu, U. Okafor, B. Adekanla, A. Okonji

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PERCEPTION OF NIGERIAN PHYSIOTHERAPISTS ON MANUAL HANDLING TECHNIQUES","authors":"C. Mbada, O. Adejuyigbe, J. Omole, O. Idowu, U. Okafor, B. Adekanla, A. Okonji","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20151217013219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20151217013219","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Manual handling is an integral part of physiotherapy education and training. Still, Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs) associated with manual handling are common among physiotherapists. This study investigated the level and determinants of knowledge, attitude and perception of Nigerian physiotherapists on manual handling techniques. Materials and Methods: Ninety-eight physiotherapists participated in this cross-sectional study. An adapted self-administered questionnaire pilot tested for its content validity was used as the survey instrument. The questionnaire sought information on socio-demographics, knowledge, attitude and perception on manual handling techniques, and WRMSDs associated with manual handling. Descriptive statistics of mean, frequency and percentages; and inferential statistic of Chi-square test were used for the analysis. Alpha level was set at p0.05). Lack of equipment was the most implicated reason (90.4%) for not using recommended techniques of manual handling in practice. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of manual handling associated WRMSDs among Nigerian physiotherapists. Majority of the physiotherapists had good knowledge of manual handling techniques but demonstrated negative attitude toward its use in clinical practice owing to non-availability of needed equipment. The finding of this study reveals a theory-practice gap of manual handling techniques among Nigerian physiotherapists.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"203-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82519282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3