Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology最新文献

{"title":"12 Weeks of Supervised Team Sports in Danish Municipal Health Center Lowers Systolic Blood Pressure and Increases Performance in Hypertensive Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.","authors":"Jesper Atti, Julie Kissow, Jens Bangsbo","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020209","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Hypertension is a significant public health issue, particularly in individuals with comorbidities such as COPD and T2DM, which exacerbate cardiovascular risk and impair quality of life. While physical activity is an effective intervention for reducing blood pressure and improving health markers, conventional therapies often lack the social and psychological benefits of team sports. Team sports conducted as small-sided games provide a dynamic, engaging approach that combines physical, social, and psychological advantages, making them particularly suitable for individuals with complex chronic conditions. <b>Methods:</b> This non-randomized intervention study involved twenty-eight hypertensive patients, including 16 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (8 men and 8 women) and 12 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (7 men and 5 women). Participants engaged in a training program, primarily consisting of team sports (floorball and cone ball), at a municipal health center twice a week for 12 weeks. <b>Results:</b> The intervention led to a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (<i>p</i> = 0.006), with patients with COPD and T2DM showing decreases of 9.6 ± 12.7 mmHg and 12.4 ± 19.0 mmHg, respectively. Additionally, the time to complete the 2.45 m \"Up and Go\" test improved significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with both COPD (<i>p</i> = 0.011) and T2DM (<i>p</i> = 0.005) patients demonstrating notable improvements. However, no significant changes were observed in body mass, chair stand performance, five-repetition sit-to-stand test, handgrip strength, or diastolic blood pressure following the intervention. <b>Conclusions:</b> Team sports training conducted in a municipality health center is effective in lowering blood pressure and improving functional capacity in hypertensive COPD and T2DM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12193762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olympic Italian Female Water Polo Players: Analysis of Body Size and Body Composition Data over 20 Years.","authors":"Giovanni Melchiorri, Marco Bonifazi, Maria Rosaria Squeo, Raffaella Spada, Virginia Tancredi, Valerio Viero","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020210","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The variation in the body mass and height of players over time is called the secular trend. It has been analyzed in several team sports, but no similar studies have been conducted on female athletes playing water polo. The aim of this paper was to study the changes that have occurred in the body size and composition of female water polo athletes participating in the Olympic Games, from their first inclusion in the Olympics (2004) until today. <b>Methods:</b> Data were collected from the female water polo players of the National Team selected to participate in the Olympic Games from 2004 (Athens) until 2024 (Paris) and then analyzed. A total of 93 athletes were assessed, and we analyzed the data for each of the Olympics between 2004 and 2024. To evaluate the anthropometric characteristics of the athletes, their body mass and height were recorded and their Body Mass Index (BMI) was then calculated. The athletes' Body Composition (BC) was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). <b>Results:</b> The athletes' average age decreases over time, while their body mass increases. Their body height does not vary significantly. The BMI confirmed that the athletes were always healthy and with a correct diet. With regard to BC, the Fat Free Mass (FFM) values exhibit an increasing trend. <b>Conclusions:</b> The water polo female athletes participating in the 2024 Olympic Games were younger and have different anthropometric and BC values than the athletes playing in the first women's water polo tournament at the Olympics in 2004. The most likely explanation for this is the rapid evolution of the young female version of the sport, with improved recruitment and training strategies and greater attention paid to nutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12193961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise Prescription in Lung-Transplanted Cystic Fibrosis Adults.","authors":"Melissa Orlandi, Maria Stella Pinnarò, Marco Corsi, Beatrice Borchi, Annalisa Cavallo, Sandra Guarducci, Alessandro Bartoloni, Martina Donati, Cecilia Defraia, Leonardo Nesi, Stefano Sparacio, Claudia Mannini, Federico Lavorini, Vittorio Bini, Silvia Bresci, Laura Stefani","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020212","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Physical exercise intervention in cystic fibrosis (CF) is of recent interest; however, no specific method to detect improvements in body composition and cardiovascular performance after transplantation has been investigated. This study aims to verify the feasibility of an exercise prescription program in CF lung-transplanted patients compared to other solid organ transplanted recipients (OLT) in terms of cardio-respiratory and body composition performance. <b>Methods</b>: The two groups, trained with a moderate intensity program, were evaluated by body composition analysis and a cardiopulmonary test (CPET) and compared to healthy subjects (HS). <b>Results</b>: A total of 10 CF, 10 OLT, and 10 HS were included. BMI was significantly lower in the CF group with lower total and appendicular free fat mass (<i>p</i> = 0.01). The CF group also showed significantly lower functional and cardiovascular parameters in the CPET test (peak VO2, VOR/HR) compared to the OLT and HS groups, but similar ventilatory response (VE/VCO2 slope) to OLT. In the CF group, free fat mass and functional parameters (peak VO2 and VO2/HR) were negatively correlated (r = -0.51 and -0.52, respectively). <b>Conclusions</b>: CF patients would benefit from an individualized exercise prescription program to improve all cardiovascular parameters, overall body composition, and, consequently, related respiratory parameters. Peak VO2 and body composition should be largely used to plan exercise prescription program among transplanted CF.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Optimal Pitch Training Load in Elite Soccer Players.","authors":"Adriano Titton, Elias de França, Luís Branquinho, Luís Fernando Leite de Barros, Pedro Campos, Felipe O Marques, Igor Phillip Dos Santos Glória, Erico Chagas Caperuto, Vinicius Barroso Hirota, José E Teixeira, Nelson Valente, Pedro Forte, Ricardo Ferraz, Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli-Santos, Israel Teoldo","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020211","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are no data in the literature regarding the optimal pitch training load (PTL) for elite soccer teams during congested seasons.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study had three goals: (1) identify whether there is an adaptation in match physical performance (MPP) in response to PTL throughout a congested season in elite soccer players; (2) identify whether MPP adaptation is specific to the coach's PTL philosophy; and (3) identify the optimal PTL for MPP during a congested season.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Over two seasons, we collected data from 11,658 PTL sessions and 3068 MPP data from 54 elite male soccer players. The PTL sessions were clustered in weekly training blocks and paired with MPP for statistical and machine learning analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the season, MPP increased in the mid-season and this trend decreased during the end-season. Also, MPP reflected the coach's PTL philosophy. Further, using a machine learning (k-means) approach, we identified three different PTLs (and classified them as low-, medium-, and high-load PTL blocks). The high-load PTL block was associated with a higher MPP, while the lower PTL was associated with a lower MPP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PTL is closely related to MPP, and this change also reflects the coach's PTL philosophy. Here, we report an optimal PTL that could be useful for soccer teams playing a congested season.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Safety of Ultrasound-Guided Needle Approaches for Patellar Tendinopathy: A Theoretical Cadaveric Model.","authors":"Laura Calderón-Díez, Pedro Belón-Pérez, César Fernández-de-Las-Peñas, José L Sánchez-Sánchez","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020208","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patellar tendinopathy is a musculoskeletal pain condition capable of impairing physical or sport activities. Preliminary evidence supports the efficacy of percutaneous electrolysis (PE) in reducing pain and related disability in patients with patellar tendinopathy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study proposes a theoretical model for the application of a percutaneous electrolysis approach targeting the deep zone of the proximal and distal parts of the patellar tendon in both human (ultrasound-guided) and fresh cadaver (not ultrasound-guided) models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A filiform solid needle was inserted from the lateral side of the patellar tendon targeting two areas: 1, the deep proximal interface of the Hoffa's fat pad; and 2, the distal insertion of the patellar tendon at the tibial tuberosity in 10 fresh cadavers and in 10 healthy individuals. The patellar tendon, the saphenous nerve, and the infrapatellar nerve and its branches were identified by dissecting fresh cadavers to determine the anatomical trajectory of the infrapatellar nerve branches in relation to the needle.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cadaveric model shows an anatomical relationship between the patellar tendon and infrapatellar nerve branches at the medial part of the knee. Infrapatellar nerve branches ran subcutaneously obliquely from the medial to the anterior and lateral parts of the knee, crossing in front of the patellar tendon. In all cadavers, the superior and inferior infrapatellar branches ran through the superior or inferior parts of the medial knee area. Only in 2/10 knees infrapatellar nerve branches reached the lateral part of the knee, specifically the superior lateral part. No neurovascular bundle of infrapatellar nerve branches was pierced in any insertion when the needle was inserted from the lateral part of the knee.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This anatomical model supports the use of a lateral approach as a potentially safe approach to apply in needling interventions, e.g., percutaneous electrolysis for patellar tendinopathies. The infrapatellar nerve branches are vulnerable to needle procedures applied through the anteromedial side of the knee.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dynamic Stability Training with Water Inertia Load on Gait and Biomechanics in Older Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Hyun Ju Kim, Il Bong Park","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020207","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Gait decline in older adults is closely linked to reduced ankle propulsion and a compensatory reliance on proximal joints. This randomized trial investigated whether dynamic stability training using water inertia can improve gait mechanics and redistribute lower-limb joint moments in older women. <b>Hypotheses:</b> (1) The training would improve gait speed, stride length, and cadence. (2) The ankle plantar flexor moment and positive mechanical work would increase, while hip extension moment would decrease. <b>Method:</b> Twenty-four women aged 65 years and older were randomly assigned to either an experimental or control group. The experimental group wore a water-filled aquavest, and the control group wore a weighted vest. Both groups performed the same training program twice weekly for 12 weeks. Outcome measures included gait speed, stride length, cadence, ankle plantar flexion moment, hip extension moment, and positive mechanical work during terminal stance. A two-way mixed (between-within) analysis of variance (ANOVA) evaluated the group × time interaction effects. <b>Results:</b> Significant group × time interactions were found for gait speed (<i>p</i> < 0.001), stride length (<i>p</i> < 0.001), ankle moment (<i>p</i> = 0.017), and positive work (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Cadence increased in both groups over time (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with no interaction. The hip moment declined slightly in the experimental group. <b>Conclusions:</b> Water inertia load training enhanced propulsion and promoted an ankle-dominant gait, supporting its use to improve gait function and reduce proximal compensation in older women.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12193911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative Stress and Ultrastructural Analysis in Heart, Aorta, Skeletal Muscle and Lung of Rats Treated with N-Acetylcysteine or Rutin After Sprint Running.","authors":"Mădălina Moldovan, Mara Muntean, Sandra Andrea Schauer, Remus Moldovan, Daniela-Rodica Mitrea","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020206","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Sprinting, a high-intensity, short-duration exercise, induces oxidative stress. This causes molecular and ultrastructural alterations. Antioxidant supplementation may mitigate side effects of near or complete exhaustion. <b>Methods:</b> Twenty-eight healthy male adult rats received orally normal saline, carboxymethylcellulose (vehicle), artificial, N-acetylcysteine or a natural antioxidant, Rutin. Rats were subjected to treadmill sprinting at increasing speeds for 5 days/week. After 26 days, samples were collected to measure oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, MDA; the ratio of reduced-to-oxidized glutathione, GSH/GSSG), inflammation markers (enzymatic level of inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS; cytokine level of tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNFα) and for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Results: Rutin attenuated MDA levels and increased antioxidant protection in all tissues, while NAC decreased the lipid peroxidation in all tissues except the lungs. NAC increased aortic inflammation, with higher TNF-α and iNOS. Sprinting caused intimal detachment in the heart and aorta. Rutin and NAC minimized endocardium alterations. Additionally, Rutin prevented myocardial disorganization. <b>Conclusions:</b> Rutin mitigated the oxidative stress damage of sprinting in the heart, aorta, skeletal muscle and lung. NAC protected against oxidative injury caused by sprinting in the heart, aorta and muscle but not the lung, and it induced aortic inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Bicycle Motocross: Influence of Physiological, Biomechanical, Physical, and Psychological Indicators on Sport Performance.","authors":"Boryi A Becerra-Patiño, Aura Daniela Montenegro-Bonilla, Jorge Olivares-Arancibia, Sam Hernández-Jaña, Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda, Daniel Rojas-Valverde, Víctor Hernández-Beltrán, José M Gamonales, José Pino-Ortega, José Francisco López-Gil","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020205","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: This sport involves the integration of various capabilities and mechanisms, including cognitive, physiological, and biomechanical components, that allow the athlete to perform in competition. However, to date, no systematic review has analyzed the indicators that are decisive for sports performance in Bicycle Motocross (BMX). The objective of this work was to carry out a systematic review of the performance variables in BMX and establish recommendations for researchers and trainers. <b>Materials and Methods</b>: The following databases were consulted: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. This systematic review uses the guidelines of the PRISMA statement and the guidelines for performing systematic reviews in sports sciences. The search approach, along with the selection criteria and additional details, were previously noted in the prospective registry (INPLASY202480036). The quality of the evidence was evaluated via the PEDro scale. <b>Results</b>: The 21 studies that make up the sample of this systematic review have a total sample of 287 athletes. However, in the studies analyzed, there are five main categories for the study of performance in BMX: (i) physiological profile and BMX and bicarbonate; (ii) BMX and physical characteristics (power, speed, and sprint); (iii) translation and rotational acceleration and systems and implements; (iv) psychological variables; and (v) skills and techniques. <b>Conclusions</b>: This systematic review provides convincing evidence regarding the influence of several factors that can determine performance in BMX, including P_max, cadence, neuromuscular capacity, feedback and cognitive training, accelerometry and video analysis, anaerobic-aerobic relationships, physical conditioning, strength, and speed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Strength, Muscle Work, and Hamstring/Quadriceps Ratio in Professional and Junior Elite Basketball Players According to Sex.","authors":"Raúl Coto Martín, Néstor Pérez Mallada, María Jesús Martínez Beltrán, Lucía Cuéllar Marín, Pablo José Borrás Luján, Oscar Otín Arroyo, María Ana Sáenz-Nuño, Juan Manuel Arribas-Marín","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020204","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is more prevalent in young athletes and women. A deficit of knee flexor strength and a H/Q strength ratio below 0.6 in athletes are risk factors. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to determine if there are differences in the strength of the knee musculature, joint work, and H/Q ratio between professional and junior elite basketball players and sexes, since there are differences in the incidence of ACL injuries between these groups. <b>Methods</b>: Forty-three professional (27 male and 16 female) and 42 junior elite (28 male and 14 female) basketball players were evaluated. Dynamometric knee flexion and extension measurements were performed on both lower limbs at three angular velocities: 30°/s, 120°/s, and 180°/s. Concentric knee flexion and extension strength variables were measured in Newtons, the strength ratio between flexors and extensors in H/Q ratio, and muscle work (product of force times displacement) in Joules. Comparisons of the measured variables were made between categories and sexes. <b>Results</b>: Significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were found between categories (professional and junior) in all measured strength parameters as well as in joint work. No differences were found between categories in the H/Q ratios. Significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were found between sexes in most measured strengths and joint work. However, no differences were found in most of the H/Q ratios. Female basketball players have lower values of strength and muscle work than male players, however, in the H/Q ratio data there are no differences between the two groups. The same occurs between junior and professional athletes. <b>Conclusions</b>: The authors conclude that flexor and extensor strength values should be analyzed in isolation and not in terms of the H/Q ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12193884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of High-Intensity Intermittent Training Combined with <i>Asparagus officinalis</i> Extract Supplementation on Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Function Parameters in Obese and Overweight Individuals: A Randomized Control Trial.","authors":"Tadsawiya Padkao, Piyapong Prasertsri","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020202","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> High-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) has been proven to improve cardio-metabolic and respiratory health outcomes. In addition, 20-hydroxyecdysone from plant extracts has been studied for its anabolic effects. However, studies examining these two interventions in individuals who are obese or overweight are limited. This study, thus, examined the effects of HIIT combined with <i>Asparagus officinalis</i> (<i>A. officinalis</i>) extract supplementation on cardiovascular and pulmonary function parameters in obese and overweight individuals. <b>Methods:</b> Seventy-two obese and overweight participants were randomized into four groups (<i>n</i> = 18 each): the control (CON) group; HIIT group (HIIT for 3 days/week); AOE (<i>A. officinalis</i> extract) group (supplementation with 20E at 1.71 mg/kg/day); and HIIT + AOE group. Pre- and 12-week post-intervention measures included heart rate (HR), HR variability, endothelial function, blood pressure (BP), BP variability, pulmonary function and volume, respiratory muscle strength, chest expansion, and body composition. <b>Results:</b> The HIIT + AOE group showed better HR variability with higher high-frequency power and a lower low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (both <i>p</i> = 0.038) compared to the CON group. The peak blood flow increased in both the HIIT (<i>p</i> = 0.03) and HIIT + AOE (<i>p</i> = 0.028) groups, but only the HIIT group had a shorter vascular recovery time (<i>p</i> = 0.048). The maximum expiratory pressure was increased in both the HIIT and HIIT + AOE groups compared to the CON group (<i>p</i> = 0.029 and <i>p</i> = 0.041). The ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity, the percent-predicted FEV₁/FVC, and chest wall expansion were higher in the HIIT + AOE group than in the CON group (<i>p</i> = 0.047, <i>p</i> = 0.038, and <i>p</i> = 0.001). The waist-to-hip ratio was lower in the HIIT + AOE group than in the CON group (<i>p</i> = 0.043). There were no significant differences in HR, BP, BP variability, or pulmonary volume parameters among groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> The combination of HIIT with <i>A. officinalis</i> extract supplementation markedly improves HR variability. Moreover, it also greatly improves expiratory muscle strength, chest wall expansion, pulmonary function, and body composition parameters in obese and overweight individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}