Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Serological profile of hepatitis B virus infection among traditional birth attendants and the attending pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria.","authors":"Yewande Tolulope Nejo, Olukunle Oluwapamilerin Oluwasemowo, Esther Ibidunni Ajao, Miracle Odunayo Ajala, Oluwatosin Felicia Adedire, Ibrahim Kingsley Adegbite, Boluwaji Favour Esan, Oluwatosin Olajumoke Morakinyo, Ayodele Samuel Ibitoye, Anuoluwapo Beauty Alade","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2355549","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2355549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although a sizable number of pregnant women patronize Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) for deliveries in Nigeria, efforts to prevent or reduce the risk of HBV transmission are not targeted at the TBAs and the pregnant women patronizing them. This may be linked to the dearth of information on the serological profiles of HBV among this cohort. We, therefore, show the serological profiles of HBV among the cohort. One hundred and seventy pregnant women and 91 TBAs participated in this study between May and July 2019. Serological markers of HBV infection were assayed using ELISA. A prevalence of, 8.0% (95% CI: 5.0% - 11.5%) for HBsAg, 0.8% (95% CI: 0.0% - 1.9%) for HBeAg, 2.7% (95% CI: 0.8% - 5.0%) for HBcIgM, 26.1% (95% CI: 20.7% - 31.4%) for anti-HBs, 21.5% (95% CI: 16.5% - 25.4%) for anti-HBe and 67.0% (95% CI: 60.9% - 72.8%) for anti-HBc was found indicating a high percentage of carriers. Although 32 (12.3%) of the entire participants claimed to be fully vaccinated, serological evidence was only detected in 4 (12.5%). The high percentage of carriers and low evidence of vaccination necessitate intensified efforts to ensure that adequate interventions are made available and accessible to the TBAs and the pregnant women patronizing them (including newborn babies).</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"247-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140957287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Sjögren's syndrome through interdisciplinary perspectives: a concise review.","authors":"Tanisha Rathore, Mayur Dattatri","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2353766","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2353766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dr. Henrik Sjögren after whom Sjögren's Syndrome is named, was a Swedish ophthalmologist who identified the syndrome which had three main symptoms namely, dry eyes, dry mouth, and arthritis. His contributions also highlighted the systemic complications of the syndrome which made our understanding of this disease better. Since then, there have been several studies on Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) of which two of them have changed the perception of the disease's prevalence. The first was a British study in the late 1990s which indicated this syndrome was no more a rare condition. The second is a 2008 study in the US which placed the syndrome as the second most prevalent autoimmune disease after rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Being one of the most prevalent autoimmune disease, there is a pressing need for a more profound and comprehensive understanding of the syndrome. This review endeavors to offer a comprehensive overview of the disease, encompassing its prevalence, manifestations, mechanisms, genetic factors, diagnostic methods, and treatment options. This review additionally offers the <i>āyurvedic</i> viewpoint on SS and its symptoms. This supplementary insight has the potential to contribute to the development of an integrated and holistic approach to managing the condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"153-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140922332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutations at the conserved N-Terminal of the human Rhinovirus capsid gene VP4, and their impact on the immune response.","authors":"Asif Naeem, Haitham S Alkadi, Muhammad U Manzoor, Imran Yousaf, Maaweya Awadalla, Wael Alturaiki, Ahmad S AlYami, Adnan Zafar, Bandar Alosaimi","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2323460","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2323460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rhinoviruses (RV) are the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and are associated with exacerbation development as well as community-acquired pneumonia in children, leading to substantial morbidity, mortality, and hospital admission. Here we have examined how changes at the amino terminal of the conserved VP4 epitope of different RV serotypes may affect pulmonary cytokine and chemokine responses and disease severity. Samples positive for rhinovirus were used for genetic characterization, followed by profiling gene expression of pulmonary Th1 and Th2 cytokines/chemokines by RT-PCR arrays. Genetic sequencing and homology 3D modeling revealed changes at the amino terminal of the conserved viral protein 4 (VP4) epitope in the RV-A101 serotype, especially serine at several positions that are important for interactive binding with the host immune cells. We found dysregulation of pulmonary gene expression of Th1- and Th2-related cytokines and chemokines in RV-A 101 and RV-C 8 pneumonia patients. These findings might contribute to a better understanding of RV immunity and the potential mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of severe RV infections, but further functional studies are needed to confirm the causal relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"271-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leptin gene Polymorphism and Leptin protein levels in Pediatric Autoimmune Hepatitis.","authors":"Samah M Awad, Hanaa M Elgazzar, Eman H Hassan, Esraa T Allam, Ahmed B Zaid, Sally W Elkhadry, Sara K Rizk, Dina S Fotoh, Tahany Abd El Hamid Salem","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2360083","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2360083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leptin plays a role in regulating energy balance, immunity, and inflammation. Studies suggest higher leptin levels might be associated with various autoimmune diseases. Most of them were in adult. To our knowledge, our study is one of the few that describe serum leptin level and leptin gene polymorphism in children with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our study aims to explore the association between serum leptin level and genetic variations in leptin gene with the likelihood of AIH in children.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Thirty-one children with AIH and 29 healthy children serving as a control group were included. Serum leptin levels were measured by ELISA assays. Leptin rs2167270 genotyping was done using the real time-PCR. The relationship of serum leptin level and leptin gene polymorphism with patients' data was studied. Patients follow up to assess treatment response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children with AIH had significantly higher levels of leptin compared to healthy controls. GG genotype was significantly more prevalent in the AIH group compared to controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High serum leptin levels and leptin gene polymorphism may play a role in AIH development. It is worthy to recognize if leptin can serve as diagnostic and/or therapeutic target in AIH in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"210-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141161927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and co-infection of HBV, HCV, and HIV among patients visiting selected hospitals in Anyigba, Kogi State.","authors":"Victor Ojoajogwu Ali, Martin-Luther Oseni Okolo, Cornelius Arome Omatola, Sandra Chiamaka Okoye, Constance Chinyere Ezemba, John Umoru Sani","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2349009","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2349009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remain a public health challenge globally. This study determined the prevalence and coinfection of HBV, HCV, and HIV among patients visiting Maria Goretti Hospital, Grimard Catholic Hospital, and Good News Hospital Anyigba, Kogi State. In a cross-sectional study, sera samples collected from 400 consenting patients were screened for HBV, HCV, and HIV using commercial immunodiagnostic test kits. Of the 400 subjects, 12 (3.0%), 4 (1.0%), and 16 (4.0%) were infected with HBV, HCV, and HIV, respectively. One participant was co-infected with HCV and HIV, while none was simultaneously infected with HBV and HIV. Participants aged 11-20 years had higher hepatitis B-surface antigenemia, while ages 21-30 years and 31-40 years had higher prevalence of HCV and HIV, respectively. Contrary to HBV and HCV positivity, HIV seropositivity was significantly predicted by the ages of exposure (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Males and females were equally infected with HBV (3.0% each), while more males than females were infected with HCV (1.5%) and HIV (4.6%). However, the difference between the occurrence of viral infections and patients' sex was not significant (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The single participants were more predisposed to HBV while the married subjects had more HCV and HIV mono-infection. However, neither the occurrence of HBV nor HCV or HIV was significantly predicted by the marital status of the individuals (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Subjects with no formal education had a higher positivity rate of HCV and HIV compared to other levels of education, while the tertiary level of education had higher exposure to HBsAg. Occupationally, students were more predisposed to HBV and HCV, while the unemployed participants were more predisposed to HIV. However, neither education nor the occupation of participants was significantly related to any of the viral infections (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Lack of knowledge of disease prevention significantly influenced the occurrence of HBV (<i>p</i> = 0.02), HCV (<i>p</i> = 0.04), and HIV (<i>p</i> = 0.04). Conclusively, the status of HBV, HCV, and HIV infection is low compared with findings of previous epidemiological studies in the area. However, the continuous circulation of the three viral infections and the high disease occurrence in the poorly informed participants suggest the need for increased public health education about infection control and prevention strategies in the area.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"233-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin and ophthalmic complications of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematous.","authors":"Batool Zamani, Amin Moradi Hasan-Abad, Seyed Mohsen Rafizadeh, Hossein Akbari, Hossein Motedayyen","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2350544","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2350544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunosuppressive agents are routinely used to control autoimmunity. However, some adverse events are correlated to their clinical applications. The aim of this study was to study the clinical findings and ocular and cutaneous side effects of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), as current immunomodulators, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This descriptive study was performed on 360 individuals referred to the Rheumatology clinic during 2003-2020. Demographic characteristics and other information were collected from patients with RA and SLE. Skin and ocular complications were evaluated in patients who were on treatment with CQ and HCQ. Study populations consisted of 199 subjects with RA and 161 cases with SLE. The frequencies of skin and ocular complications in all patients treated with CQ and HCQ were 32 (17.65%) and 94 (51.9%), respectively. The prevalence of skin complications in patients with RA and SLE was 20 (10.05%) and 22 (13.66%), respectively. The frequencies of ocular complications in patients with RA and SLE were, respectively, 58 (29.4%) and 36 (22.5%). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that ophthalmic complications of CQ and HCQ in all patients were dependent on the effects of the duration of drug uses, disease duration, and cumulative doses (<i>p</i> < 0.05), unlike skin complications. Disease types had no effect on ocular complications. Based on these findings, treatment with CQ and HCQ participates in some skin and ocular complications in patients with RA and SLE which are largely associated with the duration of disease and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"178-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asmaa El-Shershaby, PhD -Early Career Prize Winner 2023 Biography.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2362529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15321819.2024.2362529","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":"45 3","pages":"151-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct immunofluorescence on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded versus fresh frozen human renal biopsies: a comparative study.","authors":"Ali J Eidan","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2306324","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2306324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The data referring to the value of direct immunofluorescence on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue (IF-Paraffin) in the diagnosis of renal diseases is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether renal biopsies evaluated by routine immunofluorescence on frozen tissue (IF-Frozen) would yield adequate findings to confirm diagnoses when the IF-Paraffin technique was applied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To show immunoglobulins, complement components, and light chains, 55 native renal biopsies were subjected to IF-Paraffin and IF-Frozen staining techniques. The intensity of the staining was compared, and the sensitivity and specificity were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IF-Paraffin technique showed a sensitivity of 89%, 81%, 86%, 30%, 71%, 60%, and 77% for IgG, IgM, IgA, C1q, C3, κ, and λ, respectively, whereas specificity was 91%, 100%, 100%, 96%, 94%, 98%, and 100%. It showed diagnostic findings in 87% of cases. Compared to cases that had both IF-Paraffin and IF-Frozen staining techniques, 43 of 55 showed either equal intensity for the diagnostic immunoglobulin/complement or a little difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Direct immunofluorescence on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections cannot replace immunofluorescence on frozen sections in the assessment of renal biopsies, but may be a \"salvage technique\" when frozen tissue is insufficient or unavailable and must be interpreted with great caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"292-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139542466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic significance of E-Cadherin and B-Catenin in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.","authors":"Sarra Ben Rejeb, Nadia Kouki, Dorra Ben Ghachem, Hassen Khouni, Khadija Bellil","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2335154","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2335154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has unpredictable outcomes with a variable risk of recurrence and progression. Many clinic-pathological prognostic factors have been identified but remain insufficient, raising the need to investigate new biomarkers. The aim of our study was to assess the prognostic value of the immunohistochemical (IHC) markers E-Cadherin and B-Catenin in NMIBC. All cases of NMIBC were collected between 2008 and 2013. IHC analysis was performed using E-Cadherin and B-Catenin. Reduced or loss of E-Cadherin expression was assessed as abnormal. Only cases with B-Catenin intense membranous staining were considered normal. A correlation was found between abnormal E-Cadherin expression and stage (<i>p</i> = 0.001), grade (<i>p</i> = 0.0000000), recurrence (<i>p</i> = 0.0000000), progression (<i>p</i> = 0.01), recurrence-free survival (<i>p</i> = 0.00000001), and progression-free survival (<i>p</i> = 0.01). A statistically significant association was found between B-Catenin and stage (<i>p</i> = 0. 05), grade (<i>p</i> = 0.02), and recurrence (<i>p</i> = 0.02). The abnormal expression of these markers could help to identify a high-risk subgroup of NMIBC that might benefit from either more accurate follow-up or more aggressive treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"261-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caveolin-1's dual impact on endometrioid endometrial carcinoma: a histopathological and immunohistochemical study.","authors":"Rania Mohamed Sabry, Samira Abdallah Mahmoud, Mona SalahEldin Abdelmagid, Somia Abdellatif Mahmoud, Yasmine Yassin Ahmed","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2342825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15321819.2024.2342825","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study are to evaluate caveolin-1 expression in endometrioid endometrial cancer and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters. Forty-four cases of endometrioid endometrial carcinomas underwent radical hysterectomy. The archived paraffin sections that were stained for caveolin-1 by immunohistochemistry, caveolin-1 expression were detected in cancerous epithelial cells in 18.2% of the cases, and stromal caveolin-1 was detected in 65.9% of the cases. Caveolin-1 expression in the epithelium showed a significant positive association with the T stage and the FIGO stage. Positive caveolin-1 expression in epithelium has a direct, positive and significant relationship with invasion of other organs and a direct and significant relationship with the advanced FIGO stage. As for caveolin-1 expression in the stroma, it showed a significant negative inversely significant association with myometrial invasion. Also, there is a significant negative association between caveolin-1 expression in the epithelium and its expression in the stroma. We conclude that caveolin-1 expression strongly plays a critical role in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma as a tumor suppressor or promoter of invasion. In early lesions, high stromal levels appear to be protective against progression. While decreased stromal expression and increased epithelial expression were associated with aggressive tumors.","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":"26 32","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140696541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}