{"title":"Skin and ophthalmic complications of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematous.","authors":"Batool Zamani, Amin Moradi Hasan-Abad, Seyed Mohsen Rafizadeh, Hossein Akbari, Hossein Motedayyen","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2350544","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2350544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunosuppressive agents are routinely used to control autoimmunity. However, some adverse events are correlated to their clinical applications. The aim of this study was to study the clinical findings and ocular and cutaneous side effects of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), as current immunomodulators, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This descriptive study was performed on 360 individuals referred to the Rheumatology clinic during 2003-2020. Demographic characteristics and other information were collected from patients with RA and SLE. Skin and ocular complications were evaluated in patients who were on treatment with CQ and HCQ. Study populations consisted of 199 subjects with RA and 161 cases with SLE. The frequencies of skin and ocular complications in all patients treated with CQ and HCQ were 32 (17.65%) and 94 (51.9%), respectively. The prevalence of skin complications in patients with RA and SLE was 20 (10.05%) and 22 (13.66%), respectively. The frequencies of ocular complications in patients with RA and SLE were, respectively, 58 (29.4%) and 36 (22.5%). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that ophthalmic complications of CQ and HCQ in all patients were dependent on the effects of the duration of drug uses, disease duration, and cumulative doses (<i>p</i> < 0.05), unlike skin complications. Disease types had no effect on ocular complications. Based on these findings, treatment with CQ and HCQ participates in some skin and ocular complications in patients with RA and SLE which are largely associated with the duration of disease and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"178-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Direct immunofluorescence on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded versus fresh frozen human renal biopsies: a comparative study.","authors":"Ali J Eidan","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2306324","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2306324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The data referring to the value of direct immunofluorescence on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue (IF-Paraffin) in the diagnosis of renal diseases is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether renal biopsies evaluated by routine immunofluorescence on frozen tissue (IF-Frozen) would yield adequate findings to confirm diagnoses when the IF-Paraffin technique was applied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To show immunoglobulins, complement components, and light chains, 55 native renal biopsies were subjected to IF-Paraffin and IF-Frozen staining techniques. The intensity of the staining was compared, and the sensitivity and specificity were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IF-Paraffin technique showed a sensitivity of 89%, 81%, 86%, 30%, 71%, 60%, and 77% for IgG, IgM, IgA, C1q, C3, κ, and λ, respectively, whereas specificity was 91%, 100%, 100%, 96%, 94%, 98%, and 100%. It showed diagnostic findings in 87% of cases. Compared to cases that had both IF-Paraffin and IF-Frozen staining techniques, 43 of 55 showed either equal intensity for the diagnostic immunoglobulin/complement or a little difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Direct immunofluorescence on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections cannot replace immunofluorescence on frozen sections in the assessment of renal biopsies, but may be a \"salvage technique\" when frozen tissue is insufficient or unavailable and must be interpreted with great caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"292-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139542466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarra Ben Rejeb, Nadia Kouki, Dorra Ben Ghachem, Hassen Khouni, Khadija Bellil
{"title":"Prognostic significance of E-Cadherin and B-Catenin in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.","authors":"Sarra Ben Rejeb, Nadia Kouki, Dorra Ben Ghachem, Hassen Khouni, Khadija Bellil","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2335154","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2335154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has unpredictable outcomes with a variable risk of recurrence and progression. Many clinic-pathological prognostic factors have been identified but remain insufficient, raising the need to investigate new biomarkers. The aim of our study was to assess the prognostic value of the immunohistochemical (IHC) markers E-Cadherin and B-Catenin in NMIBC. All cases of NMIBC were collected between 2008 and 2013. IHC analysis was performed using E-Cadherin and B-Catenin. Reduced or loss of E-Cadherin expression was assessed as abnormal. Only cases with B-Catenin intense membranous staining were considered normal. A correlation was found between abnormal E-Cadherin expression and stage (<i>p</i> = 0.001), grade (<i>p</i> = 0.0000000), recurrence (<i>p</i> = 0.0000000), progression (<i>p</i> = 0.01), recurrence-free survival (<i>p</i> = 0.00000001), and progression-free survival (<i>p</i> = 0.01). A statistically significant association was found between B-Catenin and stage (<i>p</i> = 0. 05), grade (<i>p</i> = 0.02), and recurrence (<i>p</i> = 0.02). The abnormal expression of these markers could help to identify a high-risk subgroup of NMIBC that might benefit from either more accurate follow-up or more aggressive treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"261-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Caveolin-1's dual impact on endometrioid endometrial carcinoma: a histopathological and immunohistochemical study.","authors":"Rania Mohamed Sabry, Samira Abdallah Mahmoud, Mona SalahEldin Abdelmagid, Somia Abdellatif Mahmoud, Yasmine Yassin Ahmed","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2342825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15321819.2024.2342825","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study are to evaluate caveolin-1 expression in endometrioid endometrial cancer and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters. Forty-four cases of endometrioid endometrial carcinomas underwent radical hysterectomy. The archived paraffin sections that were stained for caveolin-1 by immunohistochemistry, caveolin-1 expression were detected in cancerous epithelial cells in 18.2% of the cases, and stromal caveolin-1 was detected in 65.9% of the cases. Caveolin-1 expression in the epithelium showed a significant positive association with the T stage and the FIGO stage. Positive caveolin-1 expression in epithelium has a direct, positive and significant relationship with invasion of other organs and a direct and significant relationship with the advanced FIGO stage. As for caveolin-1 expression in the stroma, it showed a significant negative inversely significant association with myometrial invasion. Also, there is a significant negative association between caveolin-1 expression in the epithelium and its expression in the stroma. We conclude that caveolin-1 expression strongly plays a critical role in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma as a tumor suppressor or promoter of invasion. In early lesions, high stromal levels appear to be protective against progression. While decreased stromal expression and increased epithelial expression were associated with aggressive tumors.","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":"26 32","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140696541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romina Medeiros, Silvina Rossi, Elizabeth López, Iris Miraballes, Graciela Borthagaray
{"title":"Development and application of novel ELISA-based analytical tools for assessing nitroxidative distress biomarkers in ischemic stroke: implications for improved diagnosis and clinical management.","authors":"Romina Medeiros, Silvina Rossi, Elizabeth López, Iris Miraballes, Graciela Borthagaray","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2312812","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2312812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic cerebrovascular accident (iCVA) is a public health issue, whose subjacent events involve the development of nitroxidative distress. Identifying biomarkers that assist in the diagnosis of this disease has clinically relevant implications. The aim of this study was to develop an analytic tool for measuring nitroxidative distress biomarkers, intended for application in clinical practice to enhance patient healthcare. Three enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were developed, with different detection objectives. One of them, in a sandwich format, quantifies the amount of fibrinogen in human plasma, an important glycoprotein involved in the blood coagulation process, contributing to thrombus formation and thereby participating in the mechanism of ischemic stroke. Another ELISA, also in a sandwich format, detects the presence of nitrotyrosine residues in fibrinogen from human plasma, a nitroxidative posttranslational modification resulting from the attack of peroxynitrite by-products on tyrosine residues present in proteins. The third one, in inhibition format, determines human plasma nitrotyrosine total content and was used to analyze human plasma samples from control and iCVA patients. Those two groups of plasma samples were analyzed using inhibition ELISA, revealing statistically significant differences in their nitrotyrosine content and molar ratios of nitrotyrosine to fibrinogen, which were higher in the iCVA group. This study provides evidence that nitroxidative distress occurs in ischemic stroke, as indicated by the detection of the biomarker nitrotyrosine. This finding supports other studies that also identified nitrotyrosine in ischemic stroke, through several different methods. This specific ELISA method is applicable for the rapid analysis of clinical samples, making it a potential clinical tool for assessing iCVA patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"122-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139990282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarra Ben Rejeb, Dorsaf Beltaifa, Yasmine Ben Romdhane, Khadija Bellil
{"title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of myeloperoxidase expression in cutaneous leucocytoclastic vasculitis.","authors":"Sarra Ben Rejeb, Dorsaf Beltaifa, Yasmine Ben Romdhane, Khadija Bellil","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2304836","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2024.2304836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a pro-oxidant enzyme mainly found in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils. It not only displays a key role in the intracellular microbial killing process but also contributes to the extracellular clearance of several pathogens. This study aimed to detect MPO in cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) using immunohistochemistry. We retrospectively collected 22 confirmed cases of skin LCV diagnosed in our pathology department over 11 years (2012-2023). Immunohistochemistry was performed using anti-myeloperoxidase antibody (Leica clone 59A5) on the LeicaBond MAX automated system, following manufacturer's instructions. Two pathologists assessed immunohistochemical staining, scoring intensity as weak (+), moderate (++), or strong (+++). Patients' mean age was 56.9 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.18. Pathologically, vasculitis involved small blood vessels in all cases. Immunohistochemical analysis showed granular positive MPO staining in 59.1% of cases. Staining intensity was weak in 46.15%, moderate in 46.15%, and strong in 7.69%. Staining was patchy in 84.62% and diffuse in 15.38% of cases. MPO expression, detected in 59.1% of cutaneous LCV tissues, exhibited a patchy and peri-vascular distribution. It holds potential as a diagnostic marker for patients with early or minor histological changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"112-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139521129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nehla Mokni Baizig, Mariem Ben ElHadj, Mohamed Hsairi, Asma Fourati, Salma Kamoun, Yoldz Houcine, Said Gritli, Maha Driss
{"title":"Circulating levels of FoxP3, M2 (sCD163) and IGF-1 as potential biomarkers associated with Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Tunisian patients.","authors":"Nehla Mokni Baizig, Mariem Ben ElHadj, Mohamed Hsairi, Asma Fourati, Salma Kamoun, Yoldz Houcine, Said Gritli, Maha Driss","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2023.2275802","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2023.2275802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aim to assess the clinical impact of circulating levels of sCD163, FoxP3, IGF-1 in LSCC patients (Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma). The concentrations of sCD163, FoxP3, and IGF-1 were measured using ELISA test in the serum samples collected from 70 pretreatment LSCC patients and 70 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA to compare the two groups, and the correlation between markers and clinical parameters. Receiver-Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to determine the optimal cutoff values and evaluate the diagnostic impact of these markers. Significant differences in the levels of sCD163, FoxP3, and IGF-1 were observed between LSCC patients and the control group, with respective p-values of 0.01, 0.022, <0.0001. The determined cutoff values for sCD163, FoxP3, IGF-1 concentrations were 314.55 ng/mL, 1.69 ng/mL, and 1.69 ng/mL, respectively. The corresponding area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.67 (95% CI: 0.57-0.76), 0.70 (95% CI: 0.61-0.80), 0.84 (95% CI: 0.76-0.92), respectively. Furthermore, it was found that IGF-1 concentrations exceeding 125.20 ng/mL were positively correlated with lymph node metastasis. Elevated serum levels of sCD163, FoxP3 and IGF-1 are associated with the diagnosis of LSCC. IGF-1 appears to be the most promising indicator for the LSCC progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"79-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71482381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marwa Mohammed Ibrahim Mohammed Khalil, Manal Monir Mansour, Moustafa Bakrey Hamed Ata, Shymaa Abdelsattar Elaskary, Shaimaa El Sayed Ramadan Genena
{"title":"Toll-like receptor 7 and tumor necrosis factor alpha polymorphisms in Egyptian patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases.","authors":"Marwa Mohammed Ibrahim Mohammed Khalil, Manal Monir Mansour, Moustafa Bakrey Hamed Ata, Shymaa Abdelsattar Elaskary, Shaimaa El Sayed Ramadan Genena","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2023.2294298","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2023.2294298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD) susceptibility depends on a complex interaction between environmental and genetic factors. Genes for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been incorporated into the pathophysiology of autoimmune disorders. Our aim is to assess the association between TLR7 (rs179009) and TNF-α (rs1800629) polymorphisms and susceptibility to autoimmune thyroid disorders. One-hundred ninety-nine individuals, divided into 68 HT patients in group I, 57 GD patients in group II, and 74 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects in group III, underwent laboratory investigations, including the detection of TLR7 and TNF-α polymorphisms using real-time PCR technique. TLR7 (rs179009) genotypes, A/G and G/G, were significantly more prevalent in HT patients (group I) compared to normal controls. Meanwhile, TNF-α (rs1800629) genotypes in GD patients (group II) showed a six fold increase in the risk of the disease in the G/A and A/A genotypes. Our findings propose the fact that the polymorphisms of TLR7 (rs179009) play a role in the susceptibility and the development of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, whereas TNF-α (rs1800629) polymorphisms play a role in the susceptibility and development of Graves' disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"93-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139087131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Kamal Rizk, Amal Alhosary, Enas S Zahran, Samah Awad, Marwa Khalil
{"title":"Identification of potential biomarkers for SLE through mRNA expression profiling.","authors":"Sara Kamal Rizk, Amal Alhosary, Enas S Zahran, Samah Awad, Marwa Khalil","doi":"10.1080/15321819.2023.2266013","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15321819.2023.2266013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that influences numerous body systems. Furin, tristetraprolin (TTP), and NOD, LRR, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) contribute in developing autoimmune illnesses.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Understandthe role of furin, TTP, and NLRP3 mRNA gene expression in SLE pathogenesis and prognosis. Methods: Total 210 individuals were enrolled, divided in two group: cases and control; 105 participants in each group. Real-time quantitative PCR for furin, TTP,and NLRP3 mRNA gene expression were determined for each subject.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SLE patients showed significantly higher serum furin [median 20.10 (0.0-162.88) in comparison with control group [median 1.10 (0.33-8.64)] with significant <i>p</i>value (<i>p</i> < 0.001), for NLRP3 expression [median 7.03 (0.0-282.97) compared to control group [median 1.0 (0.44-9.48)] with significant <i>p</i> value (<i>p</i> = 0.006)but lower TTP [median 2.37 (0.0-30.13)] in comparison with control group [median 7.90 (1.0-29.29)] with significant <i>p</i> value (<i>p</i> < 0.001) . Elevated levels of Furin and NLRP3 and low levels of TTP were linked to increased illness activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Furin and NLRP increase in SLE and higher with illness activity. TTP is lowerin SLE and negatively correlates with disease activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"20-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41127803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}