Journal of Histotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Comparative study of two reprocessing methods for formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue","authors":"Matthew D Lunetta, Megan Grivois, Christopher Hansen, Peter Seery, Cameron C Felty, Elizabeth Rizzo, Christopher R. Jackson","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2022.2062532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2022.2062532","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue occasionally requires reprocessing if the histologic quality of a section is inadequate for clinical diagnosis. The Pat Dry (PD) and the Serial Xylene (SX) methods are two techniques described in the literature to reprocess under-fixed and/or under-processed tissue samples. To date, no study has compared the effects of these methods on the histologic quality of tissue sections, cost, and turnaround times. In the present study, these two methods were evaluated on 129 tissue samples taken from 40 submitted clinical specimens, 3 blocks per sampled location. Before processing, sample Group 1 (Control) was cut at routine 3–5 mm thickness. Sample Groups 2 and 3 were cut at 10 mm to ensure the thicker tissues would be poorly processed. Histotechnicians performed a subjective evaluation of all the samples at the time of embedding and microtomy. Hematoxylin and eosin stained sections from all samples were scored for histologic quality by two pathology residents. Thicker samples (Groups 2 and 3) were then reprocessed using either PD or SX methods, re-sectioned, stained, and then re-scored by the pathology residents. The two reprocessing methods equally improved quality scores and reduced the fraction of slides that were rejected. The PD method average preparation time was 66 minutes as compared to 250 minutes for the SX method. The PD method was easier to perform than the SX method, required less reagent, and was less susceptible to reagent spillage than the SX method.","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"120 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46977072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal of Histotechnology as an educational tool","authors":"G. Callis","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2022.2065733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2022.2065733","url":null,"abstract":"The Journal of Histotechnology is a readily available educational tool for histology professionals in clinical and research disciplines. One specific publication for National Society for Histotechnology (NSH) members is the Test Your Knowledge (TYK) article that is found in each journal issue. A NSH member can earn continuing education credits (CE) by taking the TYK quiz found on the NSH website at https://www.tandfonline. com/toc/yhis20/current. Unfortunately, this educational resource is not available to non-members, but they can still learn from it or use it as a means to teach students histology. Please read the current TYK in this and other JOH issues. In addition to TYK, JOH publications are another way to help teach students in histotechnology and further the knowledge of those already experienced in using histotechniques. The article by Lattouf, Assoumau-Abroh, and Younes et al. on inherited connective tissue diseases has excellent connective staining methods using picrosirius red and an elastic fiber stain called catechine-fuchsin along with a routine H&E. The elastic stain may not be one commonly known but is effective in demonstrating these fibers. Together, the three stains in this paper provided excellent comparisons of morphology and connective tissues for the inherited diseases of the skin. The cover image is from this publication. Glyoxal, a formalin substitute, was compared to neutral buffered formalin (NBF) and several glyoxal solutions for immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays by Criswell and colleagues. Since glyoxal is frequently considered as a replacement for NBF, histotechnicians will learn more about the results for IHC on glyoxal-fixed tissues. Laboratories are always seeking safe alternatives for reagents used to ‘buffer’ tissues from liquid nitrogen (LN2) temperature when snap freezing tissues. The Nunez group compared three commercial coolants at different cold temperatures and LN2 for the purpose of preserving RNA and tissue morphology in nine different tissues. Their images of frozen sections stained with H&E compare morphology results of each freezing reagent. You will learn which coolants provided the best morphology, are non-flammable and non-toxic along with helpful technical hints for cryomicrotomy. If your laboratory is considering something different than using LN2-cooled isopentane, then this paper provides alternatives for this method. The paper on an immunohistochemical assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for a gene rearrangement study to distinguish myxoid liposarcoma from its mimics by the Abdelaziz group provides readers with results for this disease. However, it is important to see the detailed information in methods and materials on how IHC and molecular assays were reported in order to authenticate reagents, antibodies, and even equipment used in order for others to reproduce these results. This is a nice lesson on how to maintain records especially for IHC and molecular assays particular","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"55 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59143309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Pathology Review","authors":"S. Lau","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2022.2068742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2022.2068742","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"92 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59143319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CelLock TM: an innovative standardized cell-block preparation procedure","authors":"Clifford M. Chapman","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2022.2046683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2022.2046683","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The CelLock™ procedure kit is used to collect and prepare cellular specimens such as fine needle aspirates (FNA), cytology specimens, cultured cells, small tissue biopsies, and samples with scant tissue fragments or cells into a paraffin cell-block. This cell-block can be used for subsequent microtomy and staining using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), special stains, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and applicable molecular techniques such as in situ hybridization (ISH). CelLock is a standardized method that provides optimal receipt, preservation, preparation, and processing of cell-blocks which, contain virtually all of the submitted specimens and are able to be embedded and sectioned in a reproducible fashion. The specimen contained within the cell-block is preserved such that all the cellular protein and genetic information is available for histological and ancillary testing.","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"96 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46217667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National society for histotechnology workload study.","authors":"Kathleen Dwyer,&nbsp;Jason Molnar,&nbsp;Carl Sagasser,&nbsp;Debra Siena,&nbsp;Aubrey M J Wanner,&nbsp;Connie I Wildeman","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2021.2024981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2021.2024981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In June and July 2021, the National Society for Histotechnology (NSH) conducted an online survey designed to assess productivity and staffing in the clinical histology laboratory. The Productivity Benchmarking Survey was developed by the NSH Quality Management Committee. The survey of histology professionals provides critical data that may be used to inform staffing decisions and develop a quality management program. To create usable data the findings were segmented by a range of variables including facility type and size, and productivity related to grossing, embedding, microtomy, and ancillary duties. This study draws a connection between perceived operational efficiencies and the presence of a program or process used to assess employees quality performance for grossing, embedding, and microtomy. A followup survey is planned to further understand these particular employee assessment programs or processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"39-48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39732160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of ovine bone decalcification for increased cellular detail: a parametric study.","authors":"C Broomfield,&nbsp;N Meis,&nbsp;J Johnson,&nbsp;D Regan,&nbsp;K McGilvray,&nbsp;C Puttlitz","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2021.1951053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2021.1951053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are many published methods of decalcifying bone for paraffin histology; however, the current literature lacks details regarding the processing of ovine tissue. Ovine bone tissue presents challenges, as samples are often denser and larger than other comparative animal models, thus increasing decalcification times. Trifluoroacetic Acid (TFAA) has previously been used to decalcify ovine bone samples for histological analysis. Unfortunately, TFAA is a strong acid and often results in loss of cellular detail, especially in the connected soft tissue. This is generally manifested as over staining with eosin, and a decrease in cellular features which impacts overall histological interpretation. It is well known that leaving tissue in acid for long periods degrades cellular detail; therefore, minimizing decalcification time is critical to accurately determine cellular morphology. Six decalcification solutions (8% TFAA, 20% TFAA, 8% formic acid, 20% formic acid, Formical-4, and XLCal, and three temperatures (room temperature, 30°C, 37°C), were examined to determine their effects on cellular detail in ovine vertebrae and humeral heads. These data clearly indicate that 20% formic acid at 30°C yielded better decalcification rates (2.6 d ± 0.9 d) and cellular detail (none to mild changes) for the vertebrae samples, and 20% formic acid at RT yielded the best cellular detail (none to minimal loss) for humerus samples with a moderate amount of time (6.5 d ± 1.7). These results should establish the optimal demineralization procedures for ovine bone used in scientific studies resulting in improved cellular detail while minimizing decalcification times.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"29-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9367626/pdf/nihms-1827771.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39303501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melanocytic marker Melan-A detects molluscum contagiosum bodies.","authors":"Erik Vincek,&nbsp;Eric Rudnick","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2021.1964872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2021.1964872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melan-A is one of the most commonly used immunohistochemical assays (IHC) in dermatopathology laboratories to detect the presence and outline the distribution of melanocytes. It is a cytoplasmic stain that detects a melanocyte-specific cytoplasmic protein involved in the formation of stage II melanosomes. Clinically, Melan-A is primarily used to detect and confirm melanocytic tumors although it is also positively expressed in adrenal cortical tumors and sex cord stromal tumors. We found that Melan-A also detected and highlighted Henderson-Patterson bodies of molluscum poxvirus. To determine if other melanocytic markers detect molluscum contagiosum bodies, S-100, HMB-45, MITF, and SOX-10 were also tested. In 15 tested molluscum cases, Melan-A stains were positive in all cases, whereas the other tested melanocytic markers were negative. Our results confirm that Melan-A is very sensitive in detecting molluscum contagiosum bodies and could be clinically useful to supplement the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) in cases that are very inflamed or only have limited biopsy material.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"36-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39323141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2022.2031012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2022.2031012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39851800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of decalcification techniques for histologic examination of the rat maxillary and mandibular incisors for toxicity studies.","authors":"Anastasia E Marinopoulos,&nbsp;Samuel C Ayres,&nbsp;Sabyasachi Biswas,&nbsp;Xin Huang,&nbsp;Srinivasa R Mantena,&nbsp;Richard A Peterson,&nbsp;Stacey L Fossey","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2021.1974780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2021.1974780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to provide optimized processing for examination of rat incisors in nonclinical toxicity studies that enables analysis using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Rat maxillas and mandibles were decalcified in Immunocal, a formic acid decalcifier, and Decal Stat, a hydrochloric acid decalcifier, to evaluate tissue quality when with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain and an IHC. Following necropsy of 10 to 13-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats, tissues were collected, trimmed, fixed in neutral buffered formalin (NBF), and placed into the corresponding decalcifying solution. After a pilot study with multiple timepoints for both decalcifying solutions, times were selected for the definitive study. Incisors in the definitive study were decalcified for 72, 96 or 120 hours in Immunocal and 24 hours in Decal Stat, trimmed, processed, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned. The microtomy process and sections were evaluated by histotechnologists. Sections were stained withH&E or an IHC to detect vimentin. Veterinary pathologists used blinded assessment to evaluate staining and tissue quality. The H&E sections from Immunocal timepoints scored higher based on criteria such as cellular morphology. However, tissue quality decreased at 120 hours with Immunocal but was adequate after 24 hours with Decal Stat. For IHC, moderate to excellent expression of vimentin was observed at timepoints for both decalcifiers. Optimal tissue sectioning and histological quality were achieved on incisor sections decalcified for 96 hours with Immunocal and 24 hours with Decal Stat.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"2-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39445619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic significance of EZH2 and ARID1A expression in urothelial carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study.","authors":"Reham Sameh,&nbsp;Naglaa Mostafa,&nbsp;Mohamed Ramadan,&nbsp;Samar AbdelRaouf,&nbsp;Khaled Abdelwahab","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2021.1973309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2021.1973309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (<i>EZH2</i>) and AT-rich interactive domain 1A (<i>ARID1A</i>) expression in urothelial carcinoma (UC) has not been well studied. <i>ARID1A</i> is a novel tumor suppressor gene coding for a chromatin remodeling protein that is mutated in urinary bladder cancer. The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (<i>EZH2</i>) is a transcriptional repressor involved in gene silencing. Amplification of EZH2 has been reported in several malignancies. This study analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of EZH2 and ARID1A in 56 cases of UC that included (n = 21) cases of radical cystectomy and (n = 35) cases of transurethral resections of bladder tumor (TURBT) with muscle fibers and immunotherapy with adjuvant intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). The predicting role of both markers for tumor recurrence and recurrence-free survival (RFS) was also analyzed. High EZH2 marker expression was observed in 75% of cases while 78.6% of cases had low ARID1A marker expression. There was a significant negative correlation between the two markers where high EZH2 and low ARID1A expression was significantly associated with higher tumor grade, stage, presence of muscle invasion, lymph node metastasis, presence of concomitant carcinoma in situ (CIS) and higher incidence of recurrence with shorter RFS rate. It was concluded that <i>EZH2</i> and <i>ARID1A</i> play a role in tumor carcinogenesis and differentiation and could be considered as independent prognostic factors in UC and for use as a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39393043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}