Yanlin Wei, Wei Liu, Fengling Zhang, Yang Chen, Dongxin Wei, Hangyu Lin, Tao He
{"title":"Histopathological analysis of <i>Artemia franciscana</i> nauplii under different forms of mercury stress.","authors":"Yanlin Wei, Wei Liu, Fengling Zhang, Yang Chen, Dongxin Wei, Hangyu Lin, Tao He","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2025.2523622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2025.2523622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inorganic mercury (Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg) have emerged as global pollutants owing to their long-term environmental stability and bioaccumulation. These heavy metals enter aquatic systems via industrial emissions, coal combustion, and natural processes, posing a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. This study assesses the impact of Hg<sup>2+</sup> and MeHg on the growth and development of brine shrimp (<i>Artemia franciscana</i>) nauplii by analyzing the histopathological effects on their tissues. Brine shrimp nauplii from the Bohai Bay in China were selected as the study subjects and exposed to 1 μmol/L solutions of HgCl₂ and MeHgCl. Tissue sections were continuously taken at different immersion times. After staining with the standard hematoxylin-eosin (HE) method, the tissue morphology of brine shrimp nauplii under different forms of Hg stress was observed under a light microscope. The results showed that MeHg exhibited significantly greater toxicity to brine shrimp nauplii than Hg<sup>2+</sup>. Under the same exposure time, the MeHg group exhibited more pronounced epithelial cell damage, nuclear material disorder, and nucleoplasm diffusion outside the nucleus than the HgCl₂ group. This finding provides an important theoretical support for further research into the toxicological mechanisms of MeHg and Hg<sup>2+</sup>, and highlights that the toxic effects of methylmercury on aquatic organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pikting Cheung, Wei Zhang, Muhammad Shehzad Khan, Irfan Ahmed, Yuanchao Liu, Fraser Hill, Xinyue Li, Condon Lau
{"title":"Automatic cell classification and quantification with machine learning in immunohistochemistry images.","authors":"Pikting Cheung, Wei Zhang, Muhammad Shehzad Khan, Irfan Ahmed, Yuanchao Liu, Fraser Hill, Xinyue Li, Condon Lau","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2025.2523618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2025.2523618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence of lymphoma, a cancer that affects both humans and animals, has witnessed a significant increase. In response, immunohistochemistry (IHC) has become an essential tool for its classification. This prompted us to develop an innovative mathematical methodology for the precise quantification of immunopositive and immunonegative cells, along with their spatial analysis, in CD3-stained lymphoma IHC images. Our approach involves integrating an algorithm based on a mathematical color model for cell differentiation, employing the distinctive morphological erosion, algorithmic transformations, and customized histogram equalization to enhance features. Refined local thresholding enhances classification precision. Additionally, a customized circular Hough transform quantifies cell counts and assesses their spatial data. The algorithms accurately enumerate cell types, reducing human intervention and providing total numbers and spatial information on detected cells within tissue specimens. Evaluation of IHC image samples revealed an overall accuracy of 93.98% for automatic cell counts. The automatic counts and location information were cross-validated by three pathology specialists, highlighting the effectiveness and reliability of our automated approach. Our innovative framework enhances lymphoma cell counting accuracy in IHC images by combining physics-based color understanding with machine learning, thereby improving diagnosis and reducing the risks of human error.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah M Benton, Mark Butters, Miles Brous, Brad Bolon, Karen Copeland, Jessica S Fortin, Elizabeth Chlipala
{"title":"Utilizing image analysis by optical density to evaluate changes in hematoxylin and eosin staining quality after reagent overuse.","authors":"Hannah M Benton, Mark Butters, Miles Brous, Brad Bolon, Karen Copeland, Jessica S Fortin, Elizabeth Chlipala","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2025.2517906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2025.2517906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the prevalence of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining in routine histological preparations, understanding the factors that impact stain color characteristics is vital to attain consistently high-quality stains. In the last decade, increased use of digital pathology and image analysis (specifically by optical density [OD] measures) has provided new ways of assessing staining precision. This paper combines data from two studies that tracked H&E staining quality in both nuclear and cytoplasmic components of 12 tissues (11 human and 1 porcine) by OD after overuse of H&E staining reagents from 5 vendors. Both studies showed a decrease in eosin stain intensity by OD and visual inspection (by a histologist) with reagent overuse. This trend varied in degree by tissue type and reagent vendor. Nonetheless, staining quality for H&E staining from all vendors and for all organs remained acceptable (but not always optimal) for microscopic evaluation by the College of American Pathologists (CAP) and National Society for Histotechnology (NSH) staining criteria when stained sections were reviewed by a board-certified veterinary pathologist.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diagnostic yield of stains for infectious organisms in esophageal or gastroesophageal junction biopsies with esophagitis.","authors":"Aaron R Huber, Christa L Whitney-Miller","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2024.2415154","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01478885.2024.2415154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stains frequently performed to exclude infectious etiologies in esophagitis include Grocott methenamine silver (GMS) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) as well as immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays for cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV). The diagnostic yield of these tests, in this situation, has not been well studied. We retrospectively reviewed 261 esophageal biopsies, which had one or more of the above tests performed. The diagnostic yield for GMS and PAS was 8%, while CMV and HSV immunohistochemistry had a diagnostic yield of 1% and 0%, respectively. Our study suggests that routine use of ancillary labeling techniques in esophagitis biopsies may be of limited utility and have low diagnostic yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"114-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiangqiang Gu, Nianyi Li, Nickolas G Littlefield, Fengyi Gao, Monika Lamba Saini, Yongfu Wang, Bradley J Wheeler, T Rinda Soong, Rong Xia, Ahmad P Tafti
{"title":"AI-Augmented authorship: revolutionizing histopathology publishing in the generative AI era.","authors":"Qiangqiang Gu, Nianyi Li, Nickolas G Littlefield, Fengyi Gao, Monika Lamba Saini, Yongfu Wang, Bradley J Wheeler, T Rinda Soong, Rong Xia, Ahmad P Tafti","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2025.2505294","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01478885.2025.2505294","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"79-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of gliomas on the normal brain microenvironment: a pilot study.","authors":"Nicole Riha, Jacen S Moore, Sheila Criswell","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2024.2408505","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01478885.2024.2408505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gliomas are malignant tumors of neuronal support cells within the central nervous system (CNS) and are characterized by poor overall prognoses and limited treatment options due to their infiltrative growth patterns. The neural tumor microenvironment, composed of benign neurons, neuroglia, endothelial cells, and intravascular white blood cells, is a target-rich site for potential chemotherapeutic agents. This study assessed cell proliferation rates, white blood cell components, and a limited number of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and membrane markers using immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded benign and glial tumor tissue samples from the CNS. It was observed that glioma tissues had increased rates of glial cell proliferation and significant increases in the number of observed T-lymphocytes and granulocytes but decreased expression of markers Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM), and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) when compared to benign tissue samples. Understanding the lack of protein expression and population expansion potential of the glioma microenvironment in greater detail could help identify valuable therapeutic target combinations for future treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"93-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142348107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xidan Zhang, Jiyu Sun, Xiting Zhu, Zhenghao Yang, Zhuoli Zhu, Min Zhou, Chen Li, Haiyang Yu, Xueqi Gan
{"title":"Low-magnitude high-frequency vibration ameliorates high glucose-induced endothelial injury by restoring mitochondrial function via AMPK/mTOR pathway.","authors":"Xidan Zhang, Jiyu Sun, Xiting Zhu, Zhenghao Yang, Zhuoli Zhu, Min Zhou, Chen Li, Haiyang Yu, Xueqi Gan","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2024.2429855","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01478885.2024.2429855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High glucose-induced dysfunction of endothelial cells is a critical and initiating factor in the genesis of diabetic vascular complications. Low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) is a non-invasive biophysical intervention. It has been reported that it exhibits protective effects on high glucose-induced osteoblast dysfunction, but little was known on diabetic vascular complications. In this work, we aim to clarify the role of LMHFV on high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction and hypothesized that the protective effects functioned through adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. We cultured primary murine aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) in normal or HG medium, respectively, before exposing to LMHFV. The tube formation, paracellular permeability assay, and aortic ring sprouting assay showed that the high glucose injured-function of MAECs was improved after LMHFV treatment. The intracellular ROS generation analysis, mitochondrial complex I activities measurement, ATP measurement and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and mitochondrial ROS generation analysis of MAECs indicated that mitochondrial function was restored by LMHFV loading in a high glucose environment. Mechanically, western blot assays showed that AMPK phosphorylation was promoted and mTOR was inhibited in LMHFV-induced endothelial function restoration. After the administration of the AMPK inhibitor, Compound C, these protective effects resulting from LMHFV are reversed. These findings suggest that LMHFV plays a significant role in protecting endothelial cells' function and mitochondrial function in high glucose-induced injured MAECs via AMPK/mTOR signalling.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"82-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptation of the HistoEnder, an open-source 3D printer for automated transmission electron microscopy grid staining.","authors":"Philip Seifert","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2024.2403872","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01478885.2024.2403872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The HistoEnder, an inexpensive open-source 3D printer published as an automated histological slide stainer, has been adapted for conventional biological transmission electron microscopy (TEM) batch grid staining. Details are presented of the 3D printed apparatus, assembly, G-code programming, and operation on the 3D printer to post-section stains up to 20 grids through aqueous uranyl acetate, distilled water rinses, and lead stains. TEM Results are identical to manual staining with the advantages of automation using the low cost HistoEnder, apparatus, and equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"109-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiurong Lin, Fan Yang, Xiaofeng Zhu, Haidong Zou, Wei Xu
{"title":"Hyperglycemia and insulin treatment promote the proliferation of retinal pigment epithelium cells in early diabetes: an <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> study.","authors":"Qiurong Lin, Fan Yang, Xiaofeng Zhu, Haidong Zou, Wei Xu","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2025.2503520","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01478885.2025.2503520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is associated with the emergence and development of diabetic retinopathy. Interestingly, a previous clinical study observed that the atrophy of RPE cells surrounding the optic disc in type 1 diabetic children were significantly less pronounced compared to normal children, contradicting current reports. In order to explore the molecular mechanisms behind this contradictory phenomenon, we conducted a series of experiments and reached the following results. First, RPE cells proliferation increased in a glucose concentration-dependent manner <i>in vitro</i>, accompanied by elevated Brachyury and CTGF protein expression, but decreased overall cell viability. Secondly, <i>in vitro</i> experiments and diabetes mouse models confirmed that insulin promoted RPE cell proliferation in high glucose concentrations by activating ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, insulin down-regulated the expression of Brachyury and CTGF proteins, possibly reducing high-glucose‒induced damage to RPE cells. In conclusion, the effect of insulin treatment on the proliferation of RPE cells was significantly more significant than that of hyperglycemia, which may be related to the activation of Erk1/2 or reduction of RPE cell damage by inhibiting the occurrence of EMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B Landzhov, D Hinova-Palova, K Fakih, L Edelstein, L Gaydarski, A Alexandrov, V Kirkov, A Paloff, E Radeva
{"title":"Corticoclaustral connections in the cat.","authors":"B Landzhov, D Hinova-Palova, K Fakih, L Edelstein, L Gaydarski, A Alexandrov, V Kirkov, A Paloff, E Radeva","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2025.2476835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2025.2476835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The claustrum is a sheet-like layer of gray matter situated between the external and extreme capsules of the mammalian brain. This structure was first described by the French physician and anatomist Vicq d'Azyr in 1786. The claustrum's phylogeny, ontogeny and functional characteristics have long been the subject of debate and considerable investigative efforts. However, despite such efforts (or perhaps as a result thereof), significant disparities and discrepancies remain, most notably in the context of the claustrum's afferent and efferent connections. For the purpose of this study, we sought to focus our efforts on fronto-claustral and occipito-claustral connections. Twelve healthy, adult male cats, each weighing ~ 3.5 kg, were studied, seven of which underwent electrolytic lesions of the frontal cortex (A3, A4, and a portion of A6), and five of the occipital cortex (A17, A18, A21). From three to six days after lesioning, subjects were euthanized in accordance with ethical norms. After the brains were removed and blocked, samples of the claustrum were taken and prepared for electron microscopy. Three to six days after lesions of the frontal cortex, we observed an abundance of degenerative boutons in the dorsal claustrum. The vast majority of boutons exhibited the characteristic signs of dark degeneration, whereas only 10% appeared to have undergone light degeneration. Similar results were seen in the dorsal claustrum over the same period of time following lesions of the visual cortex. These results suggest that the dorsal claustrum receives at least two types of connections - separately and concurrently - from the frontal and occipital cortices.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}