Journal of Histotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Optimization of ovine bone decalcification for increased cellular detail: a parametric study.","authors":"C Broomfield,&nbsp;N Meis,&nbsp;J Johnson,&nbsp;D Regan,&nbsp;K McGilvray,&nbsp;C Puttlitz","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2021.1951053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2021.1951053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are many published methods of decalcifying bone for paraffin histology; however, the current literature lacks details regarding the processing of ovine tissue. Ovine bone tissue presents challenges, as samples are often denser and larger than other comparative animal models, thus increasing decalcification times. Trifluoroacetic Acid (TFAA) has previously been used to decalcify ovine bone samples for histological analysis. Unfortunately, TFAA is a strong acid and often results in loss of cellular detail, especially in the connected soft tissue. This is generally manifested as over staining with eosin, and a decrease in cellular features which impacts overall histological interpretation. It is well known that leaving tissue in acid for long periods degrades cellular detail; therefore, minimizing decalcification time is critical to accurately determine cellular morphology. Six decalcification solutions (8% TFAA, 20% TFAA, 8% formic acid, 20% formic acid, Formical-4, and XLCal, and three temperatures (room temperature, 30°C, 37°C), were examined to determine their effects on cellular detail in ovine vertebrae and humeral heads. These data clearly indicate that 20% formic acid at 30°C yielded better decalcification rates (2.6 d ± 0.9 d) and cellular detail (none to mild changes) for the vertebrae samples, and 20% formic acid at RT yielded the best cellular detail (none to minimal loss) for humerus samples with a moderate amount of time (6.5 d ± 1.7). These results should establish the optimal demineralization procedures for ovine bone used in scientific studies resulting in improved cellular detail while minimizing decalcification times.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9367626/pdf/nihms-1827771.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39303501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melanocytic marker Melan-A detects molluscum contagiosum bodies.","authors":"Erik Vincek,&nbsp;Eric Rudnick","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2021.1964872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2021.1964872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melan-A is one of the most commonly used immunohistochemical assays (IHC) in dermatopathology laboratories to detect the presence and outline the distribution of melanocytes. It is a cytoplasmic stain that detects a melanocyte-specific cytoplasmic protein involved in the formation of stage II melanosomes. Clinically, Melan-A is primarily used to detect and confirm melanocytic tumors although it is also positively expressed in adrenal cortical tumors and sex cord stromal tumors. We found that Melan-A also detected and highlighted Henderson-Patterson bodies of molluscum poxvirus. To determine if other melanocytic markers detect molluscum contagiosum bodies, S-100, HMB-45, MITF, and SOX-10 were also tested. In 15 tested molluscum cases, Melan-A stains were positive in all cases, whereas the other tested melanocytic markers were negative. Our results confirm that Melan-A is very sensitive in detecting molluscum contagiosum bodies and could be clinically useful to supplement the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) in cases that are very inflamed or only have limited biopsy material.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39323141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2022.2031012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2022.2031012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39851800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of decalcification techniques for histologic examination of the rat maxillary and mandibular incisors for toxicity studies.","authors":"Anastasia E Marinopoulos,&nbsp;Samuel C Ayres,&nbsp;Sabyasachi Biswas,&nbsp;Xin Huang,&nbsp;Srinivasa R Mantena,&nbsp;Richard A Peterson,&nbsp;Stacey L Fossey","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2021.1974780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2021.1974780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to provide optimized processing for examination of rat incisors in nonclinical toxicity studies that enables analysis using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Rat maxillas and mandibles were decalcified in Immunocal, a formic acid decalcifier, and Decal Stat, a hydrochloric acid decalcifier, to evaluate tissue quality when with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain and an IHC. Following necropsy of 10 to 13-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats, tissues were collected, trimmed, fixed in neutral buffered formalin (NBF), and placed into the corresponding decalcifying solution. After a pilot study with multiple timepoints for both decalcifying solutions, times were selected for the definitive study. Incisors in the definitive study were decalcified for 72, 96 or 120 hours in Immunocal and 24 hours in Decal Stat, trimmed, processed, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned. The microtomy process and sections were evaluated by histotechnologists. Sections were stained withH&E or an IHC to detect vimentin. Veterinary pathologists used blinded assessment to evaluate staining and tissue quality. The H&E sections from Immunocal timepoints scored higher based on criteria such as cellular morphology. However, tissue quality decreased at 120 hours with Immunocal but was adequate after 24 hours with Decal Stat. For IHC, moderate to excellent expression of vimentin was observed at timepoints for both decalcifiers. Optimal tissue sectioning and histological quality were achieved on incisor sections decalcified for 96 hours with Immunocal and 24 hours with Decal Stat.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39445619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic significance of EZH2 and ARID1A expression in urothelial carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study.","authors":"Reham Sameh,&nbsp;Naglaa Mostafa,&nbsp;Mohamed Ramadan,&nbsp;Samar AbdelRaouf,&nbsp;Khaled Abdelwahab","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2021.1973309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2021.1973309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (<i>EZH2</i>) and AT-rich interactive domain 1A (<i>ARID1A</i>) expression in urothelial carcinoma (UC) has not been well studied. <i>ARID1A</i> is a novel tumor suppressor gene coding for a chromatin remodeling protein that is mutated in urinary bladder cancer. The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (<i>EZH2</i>) is a transcriptional repressor involved in gene silencing. Amplification of EZH2 has been reported in several malignancies. This study analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of EZH2 and ARID1A in 56 cases of UC that included (n = 21) cases of radical cystectomy and (n = 35) cases of transurethral resections of bladder tumor (TURBT) with muscle fibers and immunotherapy with adjuvant intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). The predicting role of both markers for tumor recurrence and recurrence-free survival (RFS) was also analyzed. High EZH2 marker expression was observed in 75% of cases while 78.6% of cases had low ARID1A marker expression. There was a significant negative correlation between the two markers where high EZH2 and low ARID1A expression was significantly associated with higher tumor grade, stage, presence of muscle invasion, lymph node metastasis, presence of concomitant carcinoma in situ (CIS) and higher incidence of recurrence with shorter RFS rate. It was concluded that <i>EZH2</i> and <i>ARID1A</i> play a role in tumor carcinogenesis and differentiation and could be considered as independent prognostic factors in UC and for use as a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39393043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of fallopian tube anatomy and mechanical properties to determine pressure limits for endoscopic exploration.","authors":"Caitlin Howard,&nbsp;Photini F S Rice,&nbsp;Molly Keenan,&nbsp;Joceline Dominguez-Cooks,&nbsp;John Heusinkveld,&nbsp;Chiu-Hsieh Hsu,&nbsp;Jennifer K Barton","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2021.1972250","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01478885.2021.1972250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Falloposcopy is the endoscopic examination of the fallopian tubes, which are challenging to access due to their deep body location, small opening from the uterus, and lumen filled with plicae. We and others have developed endoscopes that are inserted through the uterus guided by a hysteroscope into the tubal ostium. To better understand how to utilize these endoscopes either as standalone devices or in concert with everting delivery balloons, a preliminary study of anatomy and mechanical behavior was performed <i>ex vivo</i> on porcine and human fallopian tubes. Segments of fallopian tubes from the isthmus, ampulla and infundibulum were inflated with saline either to bursting or held at sub-burst pressures with saline or a saline-filled balloon. Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections stained with Masson's trichrome were examined for damage to the mucosa and muscularis. Porcine fallopian tubes tolerated saline pressurization at 15 psi for 1 minute without morphological damage. Balloon inflation to 15 psi caused no apparent damage to the muscle layer or rupture of the fallopian tube, but balloon movement within the tube can denude the mucosal epithelial layer. Human fallopian tubes averaged higher burst pressure values than porcine tubes. Under pressurization, the external tube diameter expanded by minimal to moderate amounts. Human and porcine tissues were similar in histological appearance. These studies suggest that moderate pressurization is acceptable but will not appreciably expand the fallopian tube diameter. The results also indicate that pigs are a reasonable model to study damage from falloscopy as seen in human tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10566563/pdf/nihms-1929509.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39395911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2022.2029010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2022.2029010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39694713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Test Your Knowledge","authors":"A. Henwood","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2021.2019421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2021.2019421","url":null,"abstract":"( 1 ) E o s i n o p h i l s ( 2 ) T w o r t s s t a i n ( 3 ) B a s i c p r o t e i n s a r e s t a i n e d w i t h F a s t G r e e n F C F , p H 8 . 2 , a n d a c i d i c p r o t e i n s w i t h F a s t G r e e n F C F , p H 2 . 6 . A t t h e r e l a t i v e l y n e u t r a l p H o f T w o r t ’ s s t a i n , p r o t e i n r i c h o r g a n e l l e s s t a i n w i t h F a s t G r e e n F C F . ( 4 ) O t h e r a n i o n i c d y e s h a v e b e e n u s e d i n c l u d e n a p h t h o l y e l l o w S , s a ff r o n , n a p h t h o l b l u e B , o r c e i n , e o s i n Y , n a p h t h a l e n e b l a c k , a c i d r e d 1 3 7 , b a s i c b l u e 1 4 1 , a n i l i n e b l u e , B i e b r i c h s c a r l e t a n d i n d i g o c a r m i n e . C h l o r a z o l f a s t p i n k s t a i n s e o s i n o p h i l g r a n u l e s b r i g h t r e d a g a i n s t a b l u e h e m a t o x y l i n n u c l e a r c o u n t e r s t a i n .","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47380743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What 2022 is bringing to the Journal of Histotechnology and its first issue of the year","authors":"G. Callis","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2022.2030108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2022.2030108","url":null,"abstract":"The beginning of 2022 is much like 2021 with hopes that the COVID pandemic fades away forever. Hopefully, our colleagues in clinical and research histotechnology can return to a normal status for staffing and product shortages to provide the needed care to patients. The Journal of Histotechnology (JOH) 45 Anniversary Special Issue on Ocular Histology will be a way of celebrating the many years our journal has been published. There is a call for the submissions to this special issue with two guest editors, Drs. Yongfu Wang and Sanming Li. Please look for this call for manuscripts on the JOH webpage, the National Society for Histotechnology website, and social media as there is a submission deadline. This first 2022 issue has two papers on decalcification for two different animal models. Marinopoulos and colleagues compared and optimized two decalcification techniques along with the H&E stain and an immunohistochemical assay on the rat maxilla and mandibles for their toxicology studies. The photo figures are outstanding, particularly the teeth – one of the most difficult tissues to work with in the histology laboratory. The other comes from Cecily Broomfield and group with a detailed study of much larger, dense ovine spine and shoulder bone samples to compare six decalcification methods to achieve increased cellular detail. As they pointed out, decalcification procedures in the literature for murine and lapin bone are “welldocumented” but not for ovine bone. The study of fallopian tube anatomy and mechanical properties to know pressure limits via endoscopic examination by Rice et al. used to determine the origin of early-stage ovarian cancer, inflammatory disease, and infertility in women was very interesting. Once again, an animal model (pig) was used along with human tissues to test their methods. Immunohistochemical studies on factors having a role in tumor carcinogenesis, differentiation, and prognosis continue and even used as a therapeutic target are ongoing as seen in the paper on urinary bladder cancer by Reman Sameh group. The case study by Vincek and Rudnik pointed out that the Melan-A marker cross reacts with Molluscum contagiosum cutaneous lesions, particularly in challenging cases with highly inflamed or minimal samples when the H&E may not establish a diagnosis. Case histories are very popular and I hope more are submitted to the journal in the future. How many histotechnicians are aware the eosinophils can be stained green instead of the commonly seen red color from eosin? Take Tony Henwood’s Test Your Knowledge quiz and learn more about other methods with different dyes used to detect eosinophils and earn CEU credits. My compliments to the authors and their colleagues for submitting interesting, informative articles, especially the finely detailed methods and materials for histotechniques used in their studies. We encourage others who submit a manuscript to this journal to do the same as we remain very technology oriented to use and","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41771562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grossing, staging and reporting: an integrated manual of modern surgical pathology","authors":"S. Lau","doi":"10.1080/01478885.2022.2026676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2022.2026676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Histotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45681980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}