Journal of Immunology Research最新文献

{"title":"HLA-DQB1 Allele Polymorphism Associated with Oral Submucous Fibrosis in Hunan, China","authors":"Yisi Tan, Yuting Huang, Linkai Guo, Linghang Zhou, Keke Zhu, Yuancong Li, Jin Tan","doi":"10.1155/2024/8757860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8757860","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background and Objective</i>. Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a progressive and irreversible disorder of collagen metabolism, resulting in mucosal fibrosis, oral functional changes, and even malignant transformation. This study investigated the relationship between human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQB1 alleles and the susceptibility to OSF in a Hunan Han population, providing a new basis for clinical prevention and treatment of OSF. <i>Methods</i>. 44 OSF patients and 44 healthy volunteers were included in this study. To detect the expression frequency of HLA-DQB1 alleles in the two groups and analyze significant allelic subtypes and their relative risk, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequence-specific primers were used. Subsequently, based on the identification of differential genes, we compare the gene expression levels of OSF patients and healthy volunteers expressing differential genes by real-time quantitative PCR. <i>Results</i>. The expression frequency of the HLA-DQB1<svg height=\"10.1524pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.04990005pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -10.1025 8.3578 10.1524\" width=\"8.3578pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,2.179,-5.741)\"></path></g></svg>05 : 02 allele in the OSF group (36.4%) was significantly higher than in the controls (13.6%), and exposure to the HLA-DQB1<svg height=\"10.1524pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.04990005pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -10.1025 8.3578 10.1524\" width=\"8.3578pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,2.179,-5.741)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g50-43\"></use></g></svg>05 : 02 allele was strongly related to OSF (OR (95% CI) = 3.619 (1.257,10.421), Wald <i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 5.681, <span><svg height=\"8.8423pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2064009pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.289 8.8423\" width=\"19.289pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.658,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"8.8423pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2064009pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"22.8711838 -8.6359 28.182 8.8423\" width=\"28.182pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.921,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.161,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.125,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.365,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.605,0)\"></path></g></svg>).</span></span> However, there were no significant differences in the allele expression frequencies of DQB1<svg height=\"10.1524pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.04990005pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -10.1025 8.3578 10.1524\" width=\"8.3578pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" ","PeriodicalId":15952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141060675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An On-Treatment Decreased Trend of Serum IL-6 and IL-8 as Predictive Markers Quickly Reflects Short-Term Efficacy of PD-1 Blockade Immunochemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer","authors":"Jiameng Liu, Yufei Mao, Chaoming Mao, Deqiang Wang, Liyang Dong, Wei Zhu","doi":"10.1155/2024/3604935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/3604935","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Objective</i>. Immunotherapy has proven effective in treating advanced gastric cancer (AGC), yet its benefits are limited to a subset of patients. Our aim is to swiftly identify prognostic biomarkers using cytokines to improve the precision of clinical guidance and decision-making for PD-1 inhibitor-based cancer immunotherapy in AGC. <i>Materials and Methods</i>. The retrospective study compared 36 patients with AGC who received combined anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and chemotherapy (immunochemotherapy) with a control group of 20 patients who received chemotherapy alone. The concentrations of TNF-<i>α</i>, IL-1<i>β</i>, IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-17 in the serum were assessed using chemiluminescence immunoassay at three distinct time intervals following the commencement of immunochemotherapy. <i>Results</i>. When compared to controls, patients undergoing immunochemotherapy demonstrated a generalized rise in cytokine levels after the start of treatment. However, patients who benefited from immunochemotherapy showed a decrease in IL-6 or IL-8 concentrations throughout treatment (with varied trends observed for IL-1<i>β</i>, IL-2R, IL-10, IL-17, and TNF-<i>α</i>) was evident in patients benefiting from immunochemotherapy but not in those who did not benefit. Among these markers, the combination of IL-6, IL-8, and CEA showed optimal predictive performance for short-term efficacy of immunochemotherapy in AGC patients. <i>Conclusion</i>. Reductions in IL-6/IL-8 levels observed during immunochemotherapy correlated with increased responsiveness to treatment effectiveness. These easily accessible blood-based biomarkers are predictive and rapid and may play a crucial role in identifying individuals likely to derive benefits from PD-1 blockade immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":15952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140937651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"β-Glucan Subverts the Function of Myeloid Cells in Neonates","authors":"Yingying Chen, Hui Li, Lin Zhu, Quan Yang, Jie Zhou","doi":"10.1155/2024/2765001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2765001","url":null,"abstract":"<i>β</i>-Glucan is the main component of the cell wall of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) including various yeast, fungi, or certain bacteria. Previous reports demonstrated that <i>β</i>-glucan was widely investigated as a potent immunomodulators to stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses, which indicated that it could be recommended as an effective adjuvant in immunotherapy. However, the detailed effects of <i>β</i>-glucan on neonatal immunity are still largely unknown. Here, we found that <i>β</i>-glucan did not affect the frequencies and numbers of myeloid cells in the spleen and bone marrow from neonates. Functional assay revealed that <i>β</i>-glucan from neonates compromised the immunosuppressive function of immature myeloid cells, which were myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Flow cytometry or gene expression analysis revealed that <i>β</i>-glucan-derived polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSCs produced lower level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and arginase-1 (<i>Arg1</i>) in neonatal mice. Furthermore, <i>β</i>-glucan administration significantly decreased the frequency and ROS level of PMN-MDSCs in vitro. These observations suggest that <i>β</i>-glucan facilitates the maturation of myeloid cells in early life, which may contribute to its beneficial effects against immune disorders later in life.","PeriodicalId":15952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology Research","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140937595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B: Model Systems and Therapeutic Approaches","authors":"Xiaoxiao Yu, Yating Gao, Xin Zhang, Longshan Ji, Miao Fang, Man Li, Yueqiu Gao","doi":"10.1155/2024/4722047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4722047","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health issue and ranks among the top causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although current antiviral medications, including nucleot(s)ide analogs and interferons, could inhibit the replication of HBV and alleviate the disease, HBV cannot be fully eradicated. The development of cellular and animal models for HBV infection plays an important role in exploring effective anti-HBV medicine. During the past decades, advancements in several cell culture systems, such as HepG2.2.15, HepAD38, HepaRG, hepatocyte-like cells, and primary human hepatocytes, have propelled the research in inhibiting HBV replication and expression and thus enriched our comprehension of the viral life cycle and enhancing antiviral drug evaluation efficacy. Mouse models, in particular, have emerged as the most extensively studied HBV animal models. Additionally, the present landscape of HBV therapeutics research now encompasses a comprehensive assessment of the virus’s life cycle, targeting numerous facets and employing a variety of immunomodulatory approaches, including entry inhibitors, strategies aimed at cccDNA, RNA interference technologies, toll-like receptor agonists, and, notably, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This review describes the attributes and limitations of existing HBV model systems and surveys novel advancements in HBV treatment modalities, which will offer deeper insights toward discovering potentially efficacious pharmaceutical interventions.","PeriodicalId":15952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140885266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bystander Effects and Profibrotic Interactions in Hepatic Stellate Cells during HIV and HCV Coinfection","authors":"Cintia Cevallos, Patricio Jarmoluk, Franco Sviercz, Cinthya A. M. López, Rosa N. Freiberger, M. Victoria Delpino, Jorge Quarleri","doi":"10.1155/2024/6343757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6343757","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to explore the influence of coinfection with HCV and HIV on hepatic fibrosis. A coculture system was set up to actively replicate both viruses, incorporating CD4 T lymphocytes (Jurkat), hepatic stellate cells (LX-2), and hepatocytes (Huh7.5). LX-2 cells’ susceptibility to HIV infection was assessed through measurements of HIV receptor expression, exposure to cell-free virus, and cell-to-cell contact with HIV-infected Jurkat cells. The study evaluated profibrotic parameters, including programed cell death, ROS imbalance, cytokines (IL-6, TGF-<i>β</i>, and TNF-<i>α</i>), and extracellular matrix components (collagen, <i>α</i>-SMA, and MMP-9). The impact of HCV infection on LX-2/HIV-Jurkat was examined using soluble factors released from HCV-infected hepatocytes. Despite LX-2 cells being nonsusceptible to direct HIV infection, bystander effects were observed, leading to increased oxidative stress and dysregulated profibrotic cytokine release. Coculture with HIV-infected Jurkat cells intensified hepatic fibrosis, redox imbalance, expression of profibrotic cytokines, and extracellular matrix production. Conversely, HCV-infected Huh7.5 cells exhibited elevated profibrotic gene transcriptions but without measurable effects on the LX-2/HIV-Jurkat coculture. This study highlights how HIV-infected lymphocytes worsen hepatic fibrosis during HCV/HIV coinfection. They increase oxidative stress, profibrotic cytokine levels, and extracellular matrix production in hepatic stellate cells through direct contact and soluble factors. These insights offer valuable potential therapies for coinfected individuals.","PeriodicalId":15952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology Research","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140835024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CD4+T and CD8+T Cells in Uterus Exhibit Both Selective Dysfunction and Residency Signatures","authors":"Shuangpeng Kang, Shuiping Jin, Xueying Mao, BinSheng He, Changyou Wu","doi":"10.1155/2024/5582151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5582151","url":null,"abstract":"Unlike T cells in other tissues, uterine T cells must balance strong immune defense against pathogens with tolerance to semiallogeneic fetus. Our previous study fully elucidated the characteristics of <i>γδ</i>T cells in nonpregnant uterus and the mechanism modulated by estrogen. However, comprehensive knowledge of the immunological properties of <i>αβ</i>T (including CD4⁺T cells and CD8⁺T) cells in nonpregnancy uterus has not been acquired. In this study, we fully compared the immunological properties of <i>αβ</i>T cells between uterus and blood using mouse and human sample. It showed that most of CD4⁺T cells and CD8⁺T cells in murine uterus and human endometrium were tissue resident memory T cells which highly expressed tissue residence markers CD69 and/or CD103. In addition, both CD4⁺T cells and CD8⁺T cells in uterus highly expressed inhibitory molecular PD-1 and cytokine IFN-<i>γ</i>. Uterine CD4⁺T cells highly expressed IL-17 and modulated by transcription factor pSTAT3. Moreover, we compared the similarities and differences between human and murine uterine T cell phenotype. Together, uterine CD4⁺T cells and CD8⁺ cells exhibited a unique mixed signature of T cell dysfunction, activation, and effector function which enabled them to balance strong immune defense against pathogens with tolerance to fetus. Our study fully elucidated the unique immunologic properties of uterine CD4⁺T and CD8⁺T cells and provided a base for further investigation of functions.","PeriodicalId":15952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140634194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein Expression of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 on Monocytes in TB, HIV, and TB/HIV","authors":"Wegene Tamene, Liya Wassie, Vincent C. Marconi, Meseret Abebe, Amha Kebede, Ulrich Sack, Rawleigh Howe","doi":"10.1155/2024/9399524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9399524","url":null,"abstract":"Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have a critical role in recognizing pathogenic patterns and initiating immune responses against TB and HIV. Previously, studies described the gene expression of TLRs in patients with TB and HIV. Here, we demonstrated TLRs protein expressions and their association with clinical status and plasma markers in TB, HIV, and TB/HIV coinfection. The phenotyping of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 on CD14+ monocytes and their subsets were determined by multicolor flow cytometry. Host plasma biomarkers and microbial indices were measured using Luminex Multiplex assay and standard of care tools, respectively. TLR2 expression significantly enhanced in TB, slightly increased in HIV but slightly reduced in TB/HIV coinfection compared to apparently health controls (HC). On the other hand, TLR4 expression was significantly increased in TB, HIV, and TB/HIV compared to HC. Expression of TLR4 was equally enhanced on classical and intermediate monocytes while higher TLR2 expression on intermediate than classical monocytes. TLR4 had a positive correlation pattern with plasma biomarkers while TLR2 had an inverse correlation pattern. TLR4 is associated with disease severity while TLR2 is with the immune-competent status of patients. Our findings demonstrated that the pattern of TLR expression is disease as well as monocyte subset specific and distinct factors drive these differences.","PeriodicalId":15952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140615474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy: The Importance of Dendritic Cell Migration","authors":"Min-Seon Song, Ji-Hee Nam, Kyung-Eun Noh, Dae-Seog Lim","doi":"10.1155/2024/7827246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7827246","url":null,"abstract":"Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that are crucial for maintaining self-tolerance, initiating immune responses against pathogens, and patrolling body compartments. Despite promising aspects, DC-based immunotherapy faces challenges that include limited availability, immune escape in tumors, immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment, and the need for effective combination therapies. A further limitation in DC-based immunotherapy is the low population of migratory DC (around 5%–10%) that migrate to lymph nodes (LNs) through afferent lymphatics depending on the LN draining site. By increasing the population of migratory DCs, DC-based immunotherapy could enhance immunotherapeutic effects on target diseases. This paper reviews the importance of DC migration and current research progress in the context of DC-based immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":15952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology Research","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140580191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Question of HIV Vaccine: Why Is a Solution Not Yet Available?","authors":"Martina Libera, Valeria Caputo, Giulia Laterza, Louiza Moudoud, Alessio Soggiu, Luigi Bonizzi, Roberta A. Diotti","doi":"10.1155/2024/2147912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2147912","url":null,"abstract":"Ever since its discovery, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection has remained a significant public health concern. The number of HIV-1 seropositive individuals currently stands at 40.1 million, yet definitive treatment for the virus is still unavailable on the market. Vaccination has proven to be a potent tool in combating infectious diseases, as evidenced by its success against other pathogens. However, despite ongoing efforts and research, the unique viral characteristics have prevented the development of an effective anti-HIV-1 vaccine. In this review, we aim to provide an historical overview of the various approaches attempted to create an effective anti-HIV-1 vaccine. Our objective is to explore the reasons why specific methods have failed to induce a protective immune response and to analyze the different modalities of immunogen presentation. This trial is registered with NCT05414786, NCT05471076, NCT04224701, and NCT01937455.","PeriodicalId":15952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology Research","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140580200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating Immune Landscape Profiling in Psoriasis Vulgaris and Psoriatic Arthritis by Mass Cytometry","authors":"Xudong Sang, Tian Gan, Gai Ge, Dan Li, Youming Mei, Chun Pan, Siyu Long, Bibo Xie, Xiaobing Yu, Zhiming Chen, Hongsheng Wang","doi":"10.1155/2024/9927964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9927964","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>. Psoriasis, a systemic disorder mediated by the immune system, can appear on the skin, joints, or both. Individuals with cutaneous psoriasis (PsC) have an elevated risk of developing psoriatic arthritis (PsA) during their lifetime. Despite this known association, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this progression remain unclear. <i>Methods</i>. We performed high-dimensional, in-depth immunophenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with PsA and psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) by mass cytometry. Blood samples were collected before and after therapy for a longitudinal study. Then three sets of comparisons were made here: active PsA <i>vs</i>. active PsV, untreated PsV <i>vs</i>. treated PsV, and untreated PsA <i>vs</i>. treated PsA. <i>Results</i>. Marked differences were observed in multiple lymphocyte subsets of PsA related to PsV, with expansion of CD4⁺ T cells, CD16⁻ NK cells, and B cells. Notably, two critical markers, CD28 and CD127, specifically differentiated PsA from PsV. The expression levels of CD28 and CD127 on both Naïve T cells (T_N) and central memory CD4⁺ T cells (T_CM) were considerably higher in PsA than PsV. Meanwhile, after treatment, patients with PsV had higher levels of CD28^hi CD127^hi CD4⁺ T_CM cells, CD28^hi CD127^hi CD4⁺ T_N cells, and CD16⁻ NK cells. <i>Conclusion</i>. In the circulation of PsA patients, the T_N and CD4⁺ T_CM are characterized with more abundant CD28 and CD127, which effectively distinguished PsA from PsV. This may indicate that individuals undergoing PsV could be stratified at high risk of developing PsA based on the circulating levels of CD28 and CD127 on specific cell subsets.","PeriodicalId":15952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology Research","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140580097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}