Journal of global antimicrobial resistance最新文献

{"title":"Clinical imipenem non-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from China: epidemiology, molecular characterization and in vitro activity of imipenem/relebactam.","authors":"Peiyao Jia, Pengcheng Li, Wei Yu, Xiaobing Chu, Hui Zhang, Jingjia Zhang, Wei Kang, Ge Zhang, Qian Zhang, Shiyu Chen, Yingchun Xu, Qiwen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the epidemiological and molecular characterization and in vitro activity of imipenem/relebactam against imipenem non-susceptible (IPMNS) Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from 16 sites in 5 regions across China during 2019. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed. For IPMNS K. pneumoniae isolates, whole genome sequencing was used to screen for drug-resistance and virulence genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,011 clinical K. pneumoniae isolates, 277 (27.3%) were IPMNS and were significantly more common in ICU patients (47.5%) and hospital acquired infections (28.9%). Production of carbapenemase was the dominant resistance mechanism, with 228 (89.8%) IPMNS isolates harboring bla_KPC-2, 8 (3.1%) bla_NDM, 2 (0.7%) bla_OXA-232 and 1 (0.4%) bla_OXA-181. The dominant clone was sequence type (ST) 11 (78.7%) followed by ST15 (10.2%). Relebactam restored imipenem's susceptibility in 96.3% isolates harboring a bla_KPC-2 gene.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Harboring the bla_KPC-2 gene was the dominant mechanism of IPMNS K. pneumoniae in China. Empirical imipenem/relebactam treatment could be considered when susceptibility or carbapenemase tests are not available.</p>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, microbiological and laboratory predictors of on- and off-label dalbavancin treatment failure.","authors":"Maria Mazzitelli, Daniele Mengato, Vincenzo Scaglione, Elisabetta Maria Vittoria Giunco, Elena Barzizza, Luigi Salmaso, Francesca Venturini, Annamaria Cattelan","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Data about risk factors for treatment failure (TF) to dalbavancin are lacking. Our aim was to investigate the clinical, microbiological and laboratory predictors of TF in both on- and off-label dalbavancin treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included all patients who received at least one dose of dalbavancin at our center from January 2018 to June 2024 and with available data on follow-up, collecting all clinical and laboratory parameters. TF was defined as the need for readmission, emergency department access, or death within 90 days after treatment. Factors correlating with TF and mortality rate were assessed by multivariable analyses and Kaplan Meier curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three-hundred-fifty-one patients were included, mostly males (60.9%), median age of 64 years (IQR:49.5-75.5), 55.3% receiving dalbavancin in the emergency department/outpatient setting, and 44.7% for an early discharge, in 54.9% cases as off-label. The main off-label indications were osteomyelitis, prosthetic infections, and endocarditis (17.1%, 8.3%, and 7.7%). In 53.3% cases, a microbiological isolate was available (MRSA in 49.2% cases). Overall, TF rate was 19.4%. Overall, multivariable analysis showed that intravenous drug use (HR:7.99, p<0.001), diabetes (HR:6.1, p<0.001), obesity (HR: 4.5, p<0.001), cancer (HR:5.3, p<0.001), HIV (HR:4.88, p<0.001), levels of CRP at dalbavancin treatment initiation (HR=1.01, p<0.001, and HR=0.72, p=0.02) were associated with TF. Additionally, the duration of intravenous antibiotic therapy before being discharged influenced outcomes in the off-label group (HR=0.52, p=0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The observed TF rate was high, particularly in the off-label uses and among individuals with multiple comorbidities or intravenous drug use. More evidences are needed to better define the optimal patient profile for effective dalbavancin treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutibacterium acnes of single locus sequence type clade C strains exhibit low susceptibility to benzoyl peroxide.","authors":"Natsumi Sakaguchi, Shoji Seyama, Ryota Oba, Nobukazu Hayashi, Hidemasa Nakaminami","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cutibacterium acnes plays an important role in acne pathogenesis. Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) exhibits antimicrobial activity against C. acnes. We previously found that no clade C strains, as determined by single locus sequence typing (SLST), were found before the introduction of BPO in Japan. However, the prevalence of clade C strains increased after its introduction. In this study, we evaluated the susceptibility of C. acnes strains, belonging to different SLST clades, to BPO.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty clinical C. acnes isolates from four distinct SLST clades obtained from acne lesions were analyzed. The susceptibility of C. acnes isolates to BPO was evaluated using a time-kill kinetic assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>C. acnes clade C strains were less susceptible to BPO. In addition, the bactericidal effect of BPO was time-dependent across all clade strains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An increase in C. acnes clade C strains may diminish the efficacy of acne treatment. Therefore, the trends in the prevalence of C. acnes clade C strains should be monitored.</p>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and characteristics of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Swiss and imported retail chicken meat.","authors":"Lucien Kelbert, Karen Barmettler, Michael Biggel, Roger Stephan, Magdalena Nüesch-Inderbinen","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The occurrence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacterales in food is of concern because of the possibility of transmission of ESBL-producers and/or bla_ESBL genes to humans. This study aimed to investigate the presence of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales in Swiss and imported retail chicken meat.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 200 samples of different types of Swiss and imported chicken meat obtained at retail level in Switzerland were screened for ESBL-producing Enterobacterales using a selective culture medium. All non-intrinsically resistant isolates were characterised by antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and whole genome sequencing (WGS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen meat samples (9%) yielded a total of 19 ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC). The proportion of samples containing ESBL-EC was higher in imported meat (14/55; 25%) than in Swiss meat (4/145; 3%). Co-resistance to ciprofloxacin was highly prevalent (18/19, 95%). E. coli sequence types (STs) included ST602, ST744, ST1844, and extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC) E. coli ST38. The bla_ESBL genes comprised bla_CTX-M-1 (n=7), bla_CTX-M-2 (n=1), bla_CTX-M-8 (n=1), bla_CTX-M-55 (n=1), bla_SHV-12 (n=8), and bla_TEM-52B (n=1). They were chromosomally (n=2) encoded or carried on plasmids belonging to IncB/O/K/Z (n=1), IncFII (n=1), IncI1-I(Alpha) (n=9), IncX1 (n=1), and IncX3 (n=5). Many of the plasmids were identical to those detected globally in ESBL-producers associated with broilers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The contamination with ESBL-EC in retail chicken meat in Switzerland is moderate; nevertheless, domestic and imported chicken meat is a potential vehicle for MDR ESBL-EC and for genes conferring resistance to clinically important antimicrobials including 3^rd-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones.</p>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of Extensively Drug-Resistant Salmonella Kentucky ST198 in Southwest China.","authors":"Ximei Kong, Jian Wang, Gaopeng Lei, Yang Yang, Weifeng Huang, Yun Leng, Yanfang Miao, Qiwu Yuan, Yuanyuan Zhao, Xin Xu, Haojiang Zuo, Ming Li, Lvbo Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and virulence characteristics of Salmonella isolates from clinical cases in Sichuan, China, collected from 2019 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 153 Salmonella isolates from 19 regions in Sichuan Province were analyzed. Sequence types (STs) were identified using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted to assess resistance profiles, while whole-genome sequencing was used to detect antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 153 Salmonella isolates, 49 STs were identified. ST11 (S. Enteritidis) was the most prevalent, while S. Kentucky comprised 3.27% (5/153) of isolates, significantly higher than the national average (0.33%, P<0.05). All S. Kentucky ST198 isolates were extensively drug-resistant, exhibiting resistance to at least seven antimicrobial classes, including fluoroquinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. S. Kentucky ST198 harbored significantly more ARGs (P<0.001) and virulence genes (P<0.001) than other strains. ARGs such as CTX-M-55, TEM-216, TEM-90, and TEM-150 were significantly more prevalent (P<0.05), conferring resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and β-lactams. Additionally, the absence of sifA (16.7% vs. 91.8%, P<0.001) and shdA (0.0% vs. 68.7%, P=0.001), suggesting that these genes may influence the reduced risk of human infection by ST198.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the emergence of extensively drug-resistant Salmonella Kentucky ST198 in Southwest China and underscore the urgent need for ongoing surveillance in this region due to its significant public health impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-resistance patterns and associated mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia.","authors":"Ayinalem Alemu, Getu Diriba, Getachew Seid, Solomon H Mariam, Nega Berhe, Balako Gumi","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the drug-resistance (DR) patterns, mutations, and associated factors among tuberculosis (TB) cases identified from diabetic mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The drug-resistance patterns of 77 Mycobacterial isolates were assessed using phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing (DST), the Xpert MTB/RIF assay, the Xpert MTB/XDR assay, and line probe assays. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27. Descriptive statistics, a chi-squared test, and logistic regression were conducted. The 95%CI was determined and a P-value <0.05 was considered as a statistically significant difference.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Resistance pattern was determined for 76 Mycobacterial isolates and one isolate had an invalid result. Any drug resistance and multi-drug resistance were detected among 25.0% (19), and 7.9% (6) isolates, respectively. Resistance to streptomycin (STR), isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), ethambutol, and pyrazinamide (PZA) was 11.8% (9), 13.2% (10), 10.5% (8), 6.6% (5), and 11.8%(9), respectively. Mono-drug resistance was detected for STR 3.9% (3), INH 2.6% (2), RIF 2.6% (2), and PZA 4.5% (4). One isolate was resistant to fluoroquinolones (FLQ). Phenotypic and genotypic methods had concordance results in determining RIF and FLQ resistance. The common RIF and INH-resistant conferring mutations were observed at the S531L and S315T regions, respectively. Previous TB treatment, and TB contact history were associated with DR-TB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A quarter of TB cases identified had DR-TB with a higher risk among patients with previous TB treatment history and had contact with TB patients necessitating programmatic interventions including applying infection prevention, contact tracing, and access to DST using rapid molecular methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building bridges to operationalize One Health - A longitudinal two years' AMR study in England using clinical and wastewater-based surveillance approaches.","authors":"Like Xu, Nicola Ceolotto, Kishore Jagadeesan, Richard Standerwick, Megan Robertson, Ruth Barden, Helen Lambert, Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic impacted antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in clinical settings, but evidence is lacking. Considering this, we evaluated community-wide AMR in the shadow of COVID-19, using wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>590 wastewater samples were collected from four contrasting communities in England between April 2020 and March 2022 to test for antibiotics used, their metabolites and persistent antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Catchment wide COVID-19 cases and antibiotic prescription data were triangulated with WBE data to evaluate impact of COVID-19 pandemic on changes in antibiotics use and resulting AMR at fine spatio-temporal resolution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Observed reduction in antibiotic consumption and AMR prevalence during COVID pandemic (especially during lockdowns) is likely due to reduced social interactions rather than due to reduced antibiotic prescribing. Population-normalised daily intake & daily prescription showed an increase of 17.2% and 5.8%, respectively in 2021-22, in comparison to the previous pandemic year. Of the 17 antibiotics targeted, amoxicillin and clarithromycin were clearly affected by COVID-19 restrictions during the year 2020-21 with an average of 31.5% (p < 0.01) and 13.5% (p < 0.05) lower usage, respectively, followed by an increase in 2021-22. This has significant implications for practice and policy that currently focusses on the reduction of antibiotics as the key risk factor in AMR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Better, more holistic strategies encompassing One Health philosophy are needed to understand and act upon the AMR challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of Ceftazidime Resistance in Burkholderia pseudomallei During Therapy: Clinical, Phenotypic and Genotypic Insights from Paired Isolates.","authors":"Pintip Suchartlikitwong, Kritsakorn Saninjuk, Aschana Tirapattanun, Jindaporn Kongsai, Watcharin Benjatikun, Thidathip Wongsurawat, Sunisa Chirakul","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to characterize the clinical, phenotypic, and genomic attributes of Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates before and after the development of decreased susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics during therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Paired B. pseudomallei isolates collected before (SCBP001) and 23 days after intravenous ceftazidime (CAZ) therapy (SCBP007) were evaluated. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for CAZ and meropenem (MEM) were initially determined using Etest and subsequently confirmed by broth microdilution (BMD). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to identify genetic mutations associated with resistance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 12-year-old boy presented with acute pyelonephritis and kidney injury. MICs showed decreased susceptibility to CAZ and MEM, although the value remained within the susceptible range according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoint criteria. MICs increased from 1 µg/mL for both CAZ and MEM in SCBP001 to 8 µg/mL for CAZ and 3 µg/mL for MEM in SCBP007. BMD confirmed a further increase in CAZ MIC to 32 µg/mL in SCBP007. WGS revealed no known CAZ-resistance mutations in penA coding sequences but identified a G(-78)A mutation upstream of penA, associated with increased promoter activity and β-lactam resistance. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) confirmed both isolates as sequence type 99, originating from the same clone. Phenotypic evaluation on Ashdown's agar showed consistent morphotype I characteristics for both isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the potential for B. pseudomallei to develop resistance during therapy. Early detection of decreased susceptibility, even within the susceptible range, using rapid molecular diagnostics is critical for timely antibiotic adjustments and improved patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. focussing on C. jejuni and C. coli - A Narrative Review.","authors":"Vathsala Mohan, Nikolaos Strepis, Konstantinos Mitsakakis, Karsten Becker, Leonid Chindelevitch, Nirajmohan Shivaperumal, Khine Swe Swe-Han, John P Hays","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Campylobacter species represent one of the leading causes of human foodborne infections, including gastroenteritis and bloody diarrhoea. Overuse of antibiotics in veterinary, agriculture, and humans has led to an increase in multidrug antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Fluoroquinolones and macrolides resistant Campylobacters are WHO and CDC priority pathogens, with fluoroquinolone resistance doubling in the past 20 years, complicating treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Published studies relating to AMR and associated molecular mechanisms in both Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli from animals, humans and environment (1981 - 2024), were retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar using relevant keywords. In addition, genomic analyses of publicly available C. jejuni and C. coli genomes along with multi-locus sequence typing results from the PubMLST database were used to analyse these AMR determinants and their phylogenomic relationships. Review articles were excluded from the analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 429 research papers were reviewed to get insights into multidrug resistance in C. jejuni and C. coli. Fluroquinolone resistance has been predominantly associated with international travel. The gyrA subunits were associated with ecological niches and overall, it is suggestive that C. coli might be the donor. A positive synergism was observed between cmeA gene expression and quinolone resistance. Additionally, the results speculated the possibility of horizontal gene transfers in chromosomal resistance clusters between C. coli and C. jejuni.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review indicated significant concern of multidrug resistance in C. jejuni and C. coli. This requires continent-wide surveillance and research for standard practices to achieve effective antimicrobial stewardship.</p>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa in wound infections: Genomic characterization and emergence of hypervirulent ST1965/ST3418 strains co-harbouring exoU and exoS","authors":"Xin Hong ,&nbsp;Zexuan Li ,&nbsp;Wenying Xia ,&nbsp;Zhongming Tan ,&nbsp;Yulin Hu ,&nbsp;Litao Zhang ,&nbsp;Genyan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgar.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the phenotype and genotype characteristics of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> isolates from wound infections.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-six <em>P. aeruginosa</em> strains isolated from wound infections in a university hospital were analysed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, biofilm formation assays, and whole-genome sequencing were performed on all strains. The virulence of potential hypervirulent strains was assessed using a <em>Galleria mellonella</em> infection model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 76 tested strains, 49 (64.5%) were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. The β-lactamase-encoding gene positivity rate was 57.9%, while the <em>OprD</em> gene mutation rate was 1.3%. All isolates were classified into 56 distinct multilocus sequence types. Serotype distribution revealed O11 (22.37%, 17/76), O16 (19.74%, 15/76), and O1 (18.42%, 14/76) as the most prevalent. The <em>exoU</em> gene was predominantly associated with serotype O11. Over 80% of strains harboured biofilm-related virulence genes, and all exhibited strong biofilm-forming capacity. Six <em>exoU+/exoS+</em> strains (serotype O4) were identified, with ST1965 and ST3418 demonstrating potential hypervirulence in the infection model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolates from wound infections displayed sporadic genomic profiles, high antibiotic susceptibility, and robust biofilm formation. The emergence of <em>exoU+/exoS+</em> hypervirulent clones (ST1965 and ST3418), characterized by enhanced virulence and biofilm production, highlights their potential to cause treatment-refractory infections and severe clinical outcomes. Continuous surveillance and tailored therapeutic approaches are imperative for managing infections caused by these clones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 220-228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}