Journal of Hygiene最新文献_第5页

The distribution of plasmids among a representative collection of Scottish strains of Salmonellae. 质粒分布的代表性收集的苏格兰沙门氏菌菌株。

Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 1986-10-01 DOI: 10.1017/s002217240006527x

D J Platt, D J Brown, D S Munro

引用次数: 21

The inactivation of a bovine enterovirus and a bovine parvovirus in cattle manure by anaerobic digestion, heat treatment, gamma irradiation, ensilage and composting. 通过厌氧消化、热处理、辐照、青贮和堆肥灭活牛粪中的一种牛肠病毒和一种牛细小病毒。

Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 1986-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400064457

H D Monteith, E E Shannon, J B Derbyshire

{"title":"The inactivation of a bovine enterovirus and a bovine parvovirus in cattle manure by anaerobic digestion, heat treatment, gamma irradiation, ensilage and composting.","authors":"H D Monteith, E E Shannon, J B Derbyshire","doi":"10.1017/s0022172400064457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022172400064457","url":null,"abstract":"A bovine enterovirus and a bovine parvovirus seeded into liquid cattle manure were rapidly inactivated by anaerobic digestion under thermophilic conditions (55 degrees C), but the same viruses survived for up to 13 and 8 days respectively under mesophilic conditions (35 degrees C). The enterovirus was inactivated in digested liquid manure heated to 70 degrees C for 30 min, but the parvovirus was not inactivated by this treatment. The enterovirus, seeded into single cell protein (the solids recovered by centrifugation of digested liquid manure), was inactivated by a gamma irradiation dose of 1.0 Mrad, but the parvovirus survived this dose. When single cell protein seeded with bovine enterovirus or bovine parvovirus was ensiled with cracked corn, the enterovirus was inactivated after a period of 30 days, while the parvovirus survived for 30 days in one of two experiments. Neither the enterovirus nor the parvovirus survived composting for 28 days in a thermophilic aerobic environment when seeded into the solid fraction of cattle manure. It was concluded that, of the procedures tested, only anaerobic digestion under thermophilic conditions appeared to be reliable method of viral inactivation to ensure the safety of single cell protein for refeeding to livestock. Composting appeared to be a suitable method for the disinfection of manure for use as a soil conditioner.","PeriodicalId":15931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hygiene","volume":"97 1","pages":"175-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0022172400064457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14149122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 55

The effect of oxygen-dependent antimicrobial systems on strains of Legionella pneumophila of different virulence. 氧依赖性抗菌系统对不同毒力嗜肺军团菌菌株的影响。

Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 1986-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400064354

R I Jepras, R B Fitzgeorge

引用次数: 25

Endotoxin removal from water using microporous polyethylene chopped fibres as a new adsorbent. 微孔聚乙烯短切纤维作为新型吸附剂去除水中内毒素的研究。

Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 1986-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400064391

Y Sawada, R Fujii, I Igami, A Kawai, T Kamiki, M Niwa

{"title":"Endotoxin removal from water using microporous polyethylene chopped fibres as a new adsorbent.","authors":"Y Sawada, R Fujii, I Igami, A Kawai, T Kamiki, M Niwa","doi":"10.1017/s0022172400064391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022172400064391","url":null,"abstract":"A new adsorbent, microporous polyethylene chopped fibre, was produced from a high density polyethylene. This can adsorb lipopolysaccharides (LPS) linearly up to 2 h, and showed the highest capacity to adsorb LPS when compared with two other polyethylene-based adsorbents and a polystyrene-based adsorbent. More than twice as much orange II and 4-nitroquinoline N oxide were adsorbed in the new adsorbent as was LPS. The adsorption isotherm of the new adsorbent for LPS was of Ln type, the correlation between adsorption and concentration of solute was proportional; whereas orange II and 4-nitroquinoline N oxide were of L type (greater adsorption than Ln type); tetrachloroethylene adsorption was of S type, less than Ln type. Adsorption of LPS to the new adsorbent increased when temperature rose, whereas adsorption of orange II and 4-nitroquinoline N oxide decreased. These data suggest that the binding of LPS to the new adsorbent is a hydrophobic interaction, whereas the binding of both orange II and 4-nitroquinoline N oxide is not. The new adsorbent has a greater potential for the removal of endotoxin from tap water than other commercially available adsorbents such as charcoal and Amberlite XAD-2.","PeriodicalId":15931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hygiene","volume":"97 1","pages":"103-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0022172400064391","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14853269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Evaluation of a two-minute strep A direct swab test (SADST) on patients with pharyngitis at a primary care clinic. 在初级保健诊所对咽炎患者进行两分钟链球菌a直接拭子试验(SADST)的评估。

Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 1986-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400064421

G F Araj, H A Majeed

引用次数: 5

Large outbreaks of Clostridium perfringens food poisoning associated with the consumption of boiled salmon. 产气荚膜梭菌食物中毒的大规模爆发与食用煮熟的鲑鱼有关。

Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 1986-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400064366

J H Hewitt, N Begg, J Hewish, S Rawaf, M Stringer, B Theodore-Gandi

引用次数: 19

Tuberculosis in East Sussex. IV. A systematic examination of wild mammals other than badgers for tuberculosis. 东苏塞克斯的肺结核。对除獾以外的野生哺乳动物进行的系统性肺结核检查。

Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 1986-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400064330

J W Wilesmith, P E Sayers, T W Little, J I Brewer, R Bode, G D Hillman, D G Pritchard, F A Stuart

引用次数: 15

Chemical disinfection of human rotavirus-contaminated inanimate surfaces. 人类轮状病毒污染的无生命表面的化学消毒。

Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 1986-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400064445

N Lloyd-Evans, V S Springthorpe, S A Sattar

{"title":"Chemical disinfection of human rotavirus-contaminated inanimate surfaces.","authors":"N Lloyd-Evans, V S Springthorpe, S A Sattar","doi":"10.1017/s0022172400064445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022172400064445","url":null,"abstract":"Fomites may play a role in the transmission of rotavirus infections, and in view of this, 27 disinfectants were evaluated for their ability to inactivate human rotavirus (HRV) on contaminated non-porous inanimate surfaces. Disks of stainless steel, glass and two types of plastics were contaminated with about 10(7) plaque-forming units of HRV suspended in faecal matter. The inoculum was allowed to dry and an equal volume of the product under test was applied to the contaminated surface. After contact for 1 min, the action of the disinfectant was stopped by dilution. Surviving infectious virus on the disks was determined by plaque assay in MA-104 cells. A product was considered to be effective if it could reduce the virus titre by at least 3 log10. Only 33.3% (9/27) of the formulations tested proved to be effective. Further testing of the effective products, which included antiseptics, instrument soaks and hard-surface disinfectants, showed that all of them could, in fact, reduce the virus titre on contaminated surfaces by at least 6 log10. These findings show the relative resistance of HRV to a wide range of chemical disinfectants in common use, and also emphasize the need for a more thorough evaluation of the virucidal potential of formulations regularly employed in attempts to prevent and control outbreaks of rotaviral diarrhoea.","PeriodicalId":15931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hygiene","volume":"97 1","pages":"163-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0022172400064445","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14149121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 100

An evaluation of various working practices in shops selling raw and cooked meats. 对销售生肉和熟肉的商店各种工作方法的评估。

Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 1986-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400064378

G M Tebbutt

引用次数: 32

Salmonella gold-coast from outbreaks of food-poisoning in the British Isles can be differentiated by plasmid profiles. 黄金海岸沙门氏菌从爆发食物中毒在英伦三岛可以区分质粒谱。

Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 1986-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400064408

E J Threlfall, M L Hall, B Rowe

引用次数: 44