Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth最新文献

{"title":"Robust Directional Analysis of Magnetic Microscopy Images Using Non-Linear Inversion and Iterative Euler Deconvolution","authors":"Gelson F. Souza-Junior,&nbsp;Leonardo Uieda,&nbsp;Ricardo I. F. Trindade,&nbsp;Roger R. Fu,&nbsp;Ualisson D. Bellon,&nbsp;Yago M. Castro","doi":"10.1029/2025JB031725","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JB031725","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In paleomagnetism, bulk measurements of entire samples have traditionally been used to characterize remanent magnetization. While effective, this approach provides only a general directional estimate and cannot resolve spatial variability or magnetization at the grain scale. Recent advances in magnetic microscopy (MM), due to its high spatial resolution and magnetic moment sensitivity, now allow imaging at the scale of individual mineral grains. In this study, we aim to obtain reliable paleomagnetic directions using only MM data. To achieve this, we apply Euler deconvolution to solve the linear problem and mitigate the non-uniqueness associated with inversion. As an additional step, we refine the recovered parameters using a nonlinear inversion and remove interfering signals between sources to minimize noise. This algorithm was applied to both synthetic and real data and compared to its predecessor. The results from synthetic data demonstrate that this new approach is able to detect weaker sources and produce more accurate grain-level results, which in turn leads to larger data sets and improved statistical characterization of the sample. For real data, we observe that the iterative method was significantly more efficient than its predecessor, successfully retrieving the natural remanent magnetization direction of a basaltic sample with 3° from the bulk measurement. This represents a significant step forward in applying MM data to paleomagnetic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JB031725","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147524805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fault Friction, Plate Rheology, and Mantle Torques From a Global Dynamic Model of Neotectonics","authors":"Peter Bird,&nbsp;Jon Bryan May,&nbsp;Michele M. C. Carafa","doi":"10.1029/2025JB032949","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JB032949","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Improvements in software, parallel computing, global data sets, and laboratory flow-laws help to develop the global Earth5 thin-shell finite-element model of Bird et al. (2008, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jb005460) into a benchmark study. All experiments confirm that modeled faults (other than megathrusts) have low effective friction of 0.085 ± 0.034. The average down-dip integral of shear traction on subduction megathrusts is 1.3 ± 0.2 × 10¹² N/m. In plate interiors the dislocation-creep flow-law for continental crust is about twice as strong as granodiorite; close to diorite. Upper-mantle creep strength is close to olivine-rich peridotite in both oceanic lithosphere and continents. “Byerlee's law” friction of 0.85 applies between active faults in both oceanic lithosphere and stable continents. Computed net slab-pull on subducting plates is typically comparable to ridge-push, but ranges to 5× larger; slab-pull moves the plate toward the trench (6 cases) or is neutral (1 case). Under the 6 largest plates with no attached slabs, basal tractions are 0.1∼1.2 MPa. Implications for Earth mechanics include: (a) Plate-boundary faults are weakened by low-friction minerals in oceanic transform faults, temporary coseismic pore pressure elevation in many continental transforms, and permanent high pore pressure in subduction megathrusts; (b) Such weak faults are rare in plate interiors, which display Byerlee's Law friction and dislocation creep strengths matching laboratory results; (c) Generally “forward” net slab pull and basal shear tractions help gravitational potential energy to drive the plates. Implications for future modeling include: (d) Fault elements are required; (e) Laboratory flow-laws should replace Newtonian viscosity; and (f) Mohr-Anderson friction should replace isotropic plasticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JB032949","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147518852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPIDER: Scalable Probabilistic Inference for Differential Earthquake Relocation","authors":"Zachary E. Ross,&nbsp;John D. Wilding,&nbsp;Kamyar Azizzadenesheli,&nbsp;Aitaro Kato","doi":"10.1029/2025JB032769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JB032769","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Seismicity catalogs are larger than ever due to an explosion of techniques for enhanced earthquake detection and an abundance of high-quality data sets. Bayesian inference is an appealing framework for locating earthquakes due to its ability to propagate and quantify uncertainty into the inversion results, but traditional methods do not scale well to high-dimensional parameter spaces, making them unsuitable for double-difference relocation where the number of parameters can reach the millions. Here we introduce SPIDER, a scalable Bayesian inference framework for double-difference hypocenter relocation. SPIDER uses a physics-informed neural network Eikonal solver together with a highly efficient sampler called Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics to generate posterior samples jointly for entire seismicity catalogs. We show that traditional double-difference relocation formulations neglect residual correlation between observations with common events, which biases uncertainty estimates. Our formulation is designed to whiten this residual correlation, and is readily parallelized over multiple GPUs for enhanced computational efficiency. We demonstrate the capabilities of SPIDER on a rigorous synthetic seismicity catalog and three real data catalogs from California and Japan. We introduce several ways to analyze high-dimensional posterior distributions to aid in scientific interpretation and evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147569295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPIDER: Scalable Probabilistic Inference for Differential Earthquake Relocation","authors":"Zachary E. Ross,&nbsp;John D. Wilding,&nbsp;Kamyar Azizzadenesheli,&nbsp;Aitaro Kato","doi":"10.1029/2025JB032769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JB032769","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Seismicity catalogs are larger than ever due to an explosion of techniques for enhanced earthquake detection and an abundance of high-quality data sets. Bayesian inference is an appealing framework for locating earthquakes due to its ability to propagate and quantify uncertainty into the inversion results, but traditional methods do not scale well to high-dimensional parameter spaces, making them unsuitable for double-difference relocation where the number of parameters can reach the millions. Here we introduce SPIDER, a scalable Bayesian inference framework for double-difference hypocenter relocation. SPIDER uses a physics-informed neural network Eikonal solver together with a highly efficient sampler called Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics to generate posterior samples jointly for entire seismicity catalogs. We show that traditional double-difference relocation formulations neglect residual correlation between observations with common events, which biases uncertainty estimates. Our formulation is designed to whiten this residual correlation, and is readily parallelized over multiple GPUs for enhanced computational efficiency. We demonstrate the capabilities of SPIDER on a rigorous synthetic seismicity catalog and three real data catalogs from California and Japan. We introduce several ways to analyze high-dimensional posterior distributions to aid in scientific interpretation and evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147569055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydraulic Conductivity Prediction of Pristine and Polymer-Modified Bentonite-Rich Porous Media via Molecular Dynamics","authors":"Yixin Yang,&nbsp;Longlong Meng,&nbsp;Sheng Zhou,&nbsp;Pengfei Liu,&nbsp;Chi Zhang,&nbsp;Yunmin Chen,&nbsp;Bate Bate","doi":"10.1029/2025JB033456","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JB033456","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Bentonite and polymer-modified bentonites, as ubiquitous clay minerals in geological formations and widely utilized barrier materials in engineered systems, significantly influence the hydraulic properties of porous media due to their high swelling capacity and ultralow hydraulic conductivity (&lt;i&gt;k&lt;/i&gt;). Accurate prediction of &lt;i&gt;k&lt;/i&gt; is crucial not only for critical natural processes, such as rainfall infiltration, groundwater flow, and solute transport in subsurface aquifers, but also for engineering applications, such as contaminant containment, nuclear waste disposal, and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; geological storage. However, existing predictive models often rely on empirical assumptions and non-physical fitting parameters. This study employs large-scale molecular dynamics simulations integrated with the original Kozeny-Carman (K-C) equation to predict &lt;i&gt;k&lt;/i&gt; across a wide range of dry densities for both pure montmorillonite (MMT, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${rho }_{d}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = 134.6–1759.4 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;) and carboxymethyl cellulose-modified MMT (CMC-MMT, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${rho }_{d}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = 147.5–1550.7 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;). Our approach fundamentally challenges the conventional understanding that original K-C equation is unsuitable for clayey soils: molecular-scale parameterization of free water porosity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ϕ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;free&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;water&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${phi }_{text{free},text{water}}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;), tortuosity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;τ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${tau }^{2}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;), and water-accessible surface area (&lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) yields predictions within a factor of five of experimental data. Critically, &lt;i&gt;k&lt;/i&gt; reduction was proven to stem from bound water immobilization, where polymer modification amplifies this effect through three synergistic mechanisms: (a) enhanced water adsorption thickens bound layers (reducing &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147507202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compact Seismicity Bursts Have Different Characteristics From Regional Seismicity","authors":"Nicolas D. DeSalvio,&nbsp;Wenyuan Fan,&nbsp;Andrew J. Barbour,&nbsp;Jeanne L. Hardebeck","doi":"10.1029/2025JB032917","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JB032917","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Earthquakes tend to cluster, developing into sequences driven by stress perturbations and transient fault-zone processes. Depending on the driving process, earthquake sequences show differing behaviors. This variability challenges our ability to observe or distinguish these driving processes in high resolution. Here we systematically identify seismicity bursts throughout southern California using new statistical methods and examine their causes with other independent geophysical observations. Seismicity bursts are defined as statistically significant seismicity rate anomalies. Our approach has the advantage of being data driven, depending on few earthquake occurrence assumptions. We find abundant seismicity bursts across southern California, most frequently occurring along the San Jacinto Fault and in the Salton Sea and Coso geothermal fields. These seismicity bursts are highly compact in space and time, often encompassed by a 5 km radius and have durations less than 10 hr. Many of the seismicity bursts have their largest earthquake near the beginning of the sequence, but the largest earthquake is usually not an obvious mainshock. We utilize a variety of independent geophysical data sets to analyze the characteristics of the seismicity bursts, finding that the seismicity bursts have low b-values, low spectral stress drops, and varied stress ratios compared to regional seismicity. These differences suggest that seismicity bursts are driven by transient processes acting frequently across fault networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147507203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved GRACE/GRACE-FO Monthly Gravity Field Estimation by Modeling Sub-Monthly Mass Change Aliasing Signals","authors":"Qiujie Chen,&nbsp;Zhanglin Shen,&nbsp;Yunzhong Shen,&nbsp;Xingfu Zhang","doi":"10.1029/2025JB031602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JB031602","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Considering the inadequate modeling of sub-monthly mass change aliasing signals in monthly gravity field estimation, a joint modeling approach that simultaneously estimates gravity field parameters and aliasing components was proposed. The effectiveness of the dealiasing strategy was validated using a closed-loop full-scale simulation and real data processing analysis. Consequently, this method effectively mitigates the treatment of sub-monthly aliasing variations as high-degree noise in gravity field processing, leading to approximately 9.5% improvement in the accuracy of gravity field estimation. Using this method, we developed the Tongji-Grace2022 monthly gravity field solutions from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment/GRACE Follow-On Level-1B observations. Comprehensive analyses conducted in the spectral, temporal, and spatial domains demonstrate that the Tongji-Grace2022 solution outperforms other gravity field solutions without modeling sub-monthly aliasing signals, achieving an average noise reduction rate of approximately 9.5%. Compared with models that do not account for sub-monthly aliasing effects, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values obtained with Tongji-Grace2022 are consistently higher across most regions of 40 global river basins. Additionally, comparisons with the official monthly models (e.g., CSR RL06.3, GFZ RL06.3, and JPL RL06.3) and ITSG-Grace2018 solutions show that the mass change signals from Tongji-Grace2022 are in close agreement with those from the other four models. Notably, both Tongji-Grace2022 and ITSG-Grace2018 exhibit lower noise levels than the three official models at the global scale. In particular, the average root-mean-square (RMS) values over ocean regions indicate that Tongji-Grace2022 achieves noise reduction rates of approximately 40.6% and 10.5%, respectively, in comparison to CSR RL06.3 and ITSG-Grace2018 when exclusively utilizing P4M6 decorrelation filtering.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147568919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved GRACE/GRACE-FO Monthly Gravity Field Estimation by Modeling Sub-Monthly Mass Change Aliasing Signals","authors":"Qiujie Chen,&nbsp;Zhanglin Shen,&nbsp;Yunzhong Shen,&nbsp;Xingfu Zhang","doi":"10.1029/2025JB031602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JB031602","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Considering the inadequate modeling of sub-monthly mass change aliasing signals in monthly gravity field estimation, a joint modeling approach that simultaneously estimates gravity field parameters and aliasing components was proposed. The effectiveness of the dealiasing strategy was validated using a closed-loop full-scale simulation and real data processing analysis. Consequently, this method effectively mitigates the treatment of sub-monthly aliasing variations as high-degree noise in gravity field processing, leading to approximately 9.5% improvement in the accuracy of gravity field estimation. Using this method, we developed the Tongji-Grace2022 monthly gravity field solutions from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment/GRACE Follow-On Level-1B observations. Comprehensive analyses conducted in the spectral, temporal, and spatial domains demonstrate that the Tongji-Grace2022 solution outperforms other gravity field solutions without modeling sub-monthly aliasing signals, achieving an average noise reduction rate of approximately 9.5%. Compared with models that do not account for sub-monthly aliasing effects, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values obtained with Tongji-Grace2022 are consistently higher across most regions of 40 global river basins. Additionally, comparisons with the official monthly models (e.g., CSR RL06.3, GFZ RL06.3, and JPL RL06.3) and ITSG-Grace2018 solutions show that the mass change signals from Tongji-Grace2022 are in close agreement with those from the other four models. Notably, both Tongji-Grace2022 and ITSG-Grace2018 exhibit lower noise levels than the three official models at the global scale. In particular, the average root-mean-square (RMS) values over ocean regions indicate that Tongji-Grace2022 achieves noise reduction rates of approximately 40.6% and 10.5%, respectively, in comparison to CSR RL06.3 and ITSG-Grace2018 when exclusively utilizing P4M6 decorrelation filtering.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147569003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thank You to Our 2025 Reviewers","authors":"Alexandre Schubnel,&nbsp;Rachel E. Abercrombie,&nbsp;Mark D. Behn,&nbsp;Yves Bernabé,&nbsp;Mark Dekkers,&nbsp;Susanna Ebmeier,&nbsp;Anke Friedrich,&nbsp;Shin-Chan Han,&nbsp;Satoshi Ide,&nbsp;Fenglin Niu,&nbsp;Brandon Schmandt,&nbsp;Douglas R. Schmitt,&nbsp;Jun Tsuchiya","doi":"10.1029/2026JB034291","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2026JB034291","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The entire editorial board of the <i>Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth</i> would like to sincerely thank all our colleagues who reviewed manuscripts for us in 2025. The hours they spent reading in order to provide insightful comments on manuscripts not only help improve the quality of these manuscripts but also ensure the scientific rigor of our reviewing process and eventually, of the research published in the field of Solid Earth Geophysics by our journal. With the advent of open science and AGU's data policy, the reviewing process now also encompasses checking the accessibility and availability of data and developed software. This is a key objective of AGU's FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) policy, for which many reviewers have provided suggestions that helped to improve the data presentation and availability, and which also fed the editorial board's reflection on the matter. Of course, we particularly appreciate timely reviews, particularly in light of the growing demands imposed by the increase of manuscripts submitted to <i>Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth</i>. We received 2,090 submissions in 2025, and 1,789 reviewers contributed to their evaluation by providing 3,016 reviews in total. We are deeply thankful for all of their contributions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2026JB034291","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wholesale Retreat of the Continental Shelf, Shelf-Edge and Slope: Triggered by Southward Jump of South China Sea Spreading Ridge?","authors":"Chenglin Gong,&nbsp;Yijie Zhu,&nbsp;Shiwen Xie,&nbsp;Daoyao Ge,&nbsp;Ronald J. Steel,&nbsp;Victorien Paumard,&nbsp;Beichen Chen,&nbsp;Dongwei Li","doi":"10.1029/2026JB033889","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2026JB033889","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study utilizes seismic, borehole, biostratigraphic, backstripped tectonic subsidence and U-Pb age data to investigate margin architectures and formative mechanisms of previously undocumented, wholesale retreat of the continental shelf, shelf-edge and slope. Basin-scale backstepping shelf-edge trajectories recognized in the Baiyun Sag of the northern South China Sea are 35–40 times longer than their well-documented counterparts created by relative sea-level rise, and are located between nannofossil zones N4 and N3 (P22) and calcareous nannofossil zones NN1 and NP25 (ca. 24.80 Ma). They witnessed a reverse transition in depositional environments from shallow-to deep-marine environments and a prominent increase in tectonic subsidence rate from 27 to 73 m/My to 110–211 m/My across 24.80 Ma timeline. This rapid tectonic subsidence and resultant backstepping shelf-edge trajectories immediately follow the termination of magmatic activity, as recorded by the uplift of Archean to Paleoproterozoic igneous basement (reported as zircon ²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U ages of 1971–3795 Ma) by South China Sea mantle upwelling underneath the hyperextended Baiyun Sag. Wholesale retreat of the entire Baiyun margin is, therefore, considered as geodynamic consequences of the elimination of asthenospheric mantle upwelling induced most likely by the southward jump of South China Sea spreading ridge. The spatiotemporal synchronicity of the termination of asthenospheric mantle upwelling to the forming age of backstepping shelf-edge trajectories suggests that the terminal age of South China Sea mantle upwelling can be better placed at 24.80 Ma, helping to eliminate the debate on the evolutionary timing of South China Sea mantle upwelling.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147507220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}