Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth最新文献

{"title":"Particle Concentrations and Sizes for the Onset of Settling-Driven Gravitational Instabilities: Experimental Validation and Application to Volcanic Ash Clouds","authors":"Allan Fries,&nbsp;Jonathan Lemus,&nbsp;Paul A. Jarvis,&nbsp;Amanda B. Clarke,&nbsp;Jeremy C. Phillips,&nbsp;Irene Manzella,&nbsp;Costanza Bonadonna","doi":"10.1029/2024JB029117","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JB029117","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Settling-driven gravitational instabilities (SDGIs) can form at the base of buoyant particle-laden suspensions, modulating particle sedimentation in various settings such as meteorological and volcanic clouds, fluvial plumes, magma chambers, submarine hydrothermal plumes, or industrial emissions. These instabilities result in the formation of rapidly descending currents called ‘fingers’ within which fine particles settle faster collectively than individually. This study investigates SDGI triggering conditions underneath volcanic ash clouds through analogue experiments considering sedimentation from aqueous particle suspensions. We confirm that the conditions for which SDGIs develop are controlled by two dimensionless numbers: <i>B</i>_<i>f</i> (ratio of the characteristic finger velocity to the individual particle settling velocity); and <i>B</i>_<i>i</i> (ratio of timescale for individual particle settling to that for collective settling controlled by inertial drag). SDGIs are triggered for values of <i>B</i>_<i>f</i> and <i>B</i>_<i>i</i> &gt; 1 for which particles are fully coupled with the flow within fingers. Using these parameters, we produce a regime diagram for the 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) that describes particle settling as a function of particle concentration and size. More studies are needed to produce a general regime diagram accounting for the evolution of SDGIs properties with eruption and atmospheric parameters. Nonetheless, our study confirms that fingers affect sedimentation from volcanic clouds with high ash volume fractions above 10⁻⁶ vol.%. Our validation of criteria predicting the onset of fingers due to SDGIs constitutes a step forward toward the incorporation of these collective settling processes in volcanic ash transport and dispersion models.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JB029117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142490693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Stress Patterns of the 2023 Türkiye-Syria Earthquake Doublet","authors":"Jianquan Chen,&nbsp;Chang Liu,&nbsp;Luca Dal Zilio,&nbsp;Jianling Cao,&nbsp;Hui Wang,&nbsp;Guangliang Yang,&nbsp;Oğuz H. Göğüş,&nbsp;Hang Zhang,&nbsp;Yaolin Shi","doi":"10.1029/2024JB029213","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JB029213","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Earthquake interaction across multiple time scales can reveal complex stress evolution and rupture patterns. Here, we investigate the role of static stress change in the 2023 Mw 7.8 and 7.6 earthquake doublet along the East Anatolian Fault (EAF), using simulations of 19 historical earthquakes (M ≥ 6.1) and the 2023 earthquake doublet from 1822 to 2023. Focusing on six cascading sub-events during the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake doublet, we reveal how one sub-event's stress alteration can impact the emergence and rupture of subsequent sub-events. Our analysis unveils that the 2023 Mw 7.8 earthquake was delayed due to stress shadow effects from historical events, while the 2023 Mw 7.6 earthquake was accelerated as a result of stress increases from historical events and ultimately triggered by the 2023 Mw 7.8 earthquake. This study underscores the importance of grasping earthquake preparation, rupture initiation, propagation, and termination in the context of intricate fault systems worldwide. Based on these results, we draw attention to increased seismic hazards in the Elazig-Bingol seismic gap of the EAF and the northern section of the Dead Sea Fault (DSF), necessitating increased monitoring and preparedness efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142490957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Locating Boundaries Between Locked and Creeping Regions at Nankai and Cascadia Subduction Zones","authors":"E. M. Sherrill,&nbsp;K. M. Johnson,&nbsp;N. M. Jackson","doi":"10.1029/2024JB029346","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JB029346","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Interseismic coupling maps and, especially, estimates of the location of the fully coupled (locked) zone relative to the trench, coastline, and slow slip events are crucial for determining megathrust earthquake hazard at subduction zones. We present an interseismic coupling inversion that estimates the locations of the upper and lower boundaries of the locked zone, the lower boundary of the deep transition zone, and downdip gradient of creep rate in the transition from locked to freely creeping in the downdip transition zone. We show that the locked zone at Cascadia is west of the coastline and 10 km updip of the slow slip zone along much of the margin, widest (25–125 km, extending to ∼19 km depth) in northern Cascadia, narrowest (0–70 km) in central Cascadia, with moment accumulation rate equivalent to a M_w 8.71 and M_w 8.85 earthquake for 300- and 500-year earthquake cycles. We find a steep gradient in creep immediately below the locked zone, indicative of propagating creep, along the entire margin. At Nankai, we find three distinct zones of locking (offshore Shikoku, offshore southeast Kii peninsula, and offshore Shima peninsula) with a total moment accumulation rate equivalent to a M_w 8.70 earthquake for a 150-year earthquake cycle. The bottom of the locked zone is nearly under the coastline for all three locked regions at Nankai and is positioned 0–5 km updip of the slow slip zone. In contrast with Cascadia, creep rate gradients below the locked zone at Nankai are generally gradual, consistent with stationary locking.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142490680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paleomagnetic Field Variability and Revised Chronostratigraphy of Bering Sea (IODP Expedition 323) Deep-Sea Sediments During MIS 6–7 (130–144 ka)","authors":"Steve Lund,&nbsp;Emily Mortazavi,&nbsp;Joe Stoner,&nbsp;Makoto Okada","doi":"10.1029/2024JB029485","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JB029485","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We have developed replicate paleomagnetic secular variation (PSV) records for MIS 6–7 (130–244 ka) from IODP Ex. 3 23 Sites 1,343, 1,344, and 1,345 (Bering Sea). We can correlate the PSV at all three sites and identify 90 inclination features and 64 declination features. We have developed relative paleointensity records for all three sites by normalizing the demagnetized natural remanence to magnetic susceptibility. Paleointensity highs/lows can be tied to the PISO-1500 global oxygen-isotope-dated paleointensity record. This provides a significant increase in chronostratigraphic resolution for these sites. Only one excursion is recorded in the MIS 6–7 sediments of the Bering Sea—the Iceland Basin Excursion (∼196 ± 3 ka). Replicate records of the inclinations and declinations both flip quickly to reversed polarity directions, stay there for several hundred years and then flip quickly back to normal polarity directions. However, the inclination flips occur without significant declinations changes and visa versa. A statistical PSV study was carried out by averaging the data in 3 ky and 9 ky windows. There is a distinctive bimodal pattern to the angular dispersions with most time spent with low angular dispersion values (∼10°–15°), but there is an interval of more than 30 ky (185–220 ka) with angular dispersions averaging two to three times higher amplitudes (∼25°–35°). This interval also has low paleointensities and the Iceland Basin Excursion. This same, coupled pattern of high angular dispersion, low paleointensity, and excursions is noted synchronously in the central North Atlantic Ocean and may indicate a global pattern to the geomagnetic field.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic Evidence for Velocity Heterogeneity Along ∼40 Ma Old Oceanic Crustal Segment Formed at the Slow-Spreading Equatorial Mid-Atlantic Ridge From Full Waveform Inversion of Ocean Bottom Seismometer Data","authors":"Peng Guo,&nbsp;Satish C. Singh","doi":"10.1029/2024JB029776","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JB029776","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In slow spreading environments, oceanic crust is formed by a combination of magmatic and tectonic processes. Using full waveform inversion applied to active-source ocean bottom seismometer data, we reveal the presence of a strong lateral variability in the 40–48 Ma old oceanic crust formed at the slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Over a 120 km-long section between the St Paul fracture zone (FZ) and the Romanche transform fault (TF), we observe four distinct 20–30 km long crustal segments. The segment affected by the St Paul FZ consists of three layers, an ∼2 km thick layer with a P-wave velocity &lt;6 km/s, a 1.5 km thick middle crust with a velocity of 6–6.5 km/s, and an underlying layer where velocity is ∼7 km/s, representing the lower crust. The segment associated with an abyssal hill morphology contains a high velocity of ∼7 km/s at 2–2.5 km below the basement, indicating the presence of primitive gabbro or serpenized peridotite. The segment associated with a low basement morphology seems to have 5.5–6.5 km/s velocity starting near the basement extending down to ∼4 km depth, indicating chemically distinct crust. The segment close to the Romanche TF, a velocity 4.5–5 km/s near the seafloor increasing to 7 km/s at 4 km depth indicates a magmatic origin. The four distinct crustal segments have a good correlation with the overlying seafloor morphology. These observed strong crustal heterogeneities could result from alternate tectonic and magmatic processes along the ridge axis, possibly modulated by thermal and/or chemical variations in the mantle during their formation along the ridge segment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JB029776","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142486407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Mantle Structure on Dynamic Topography in Southern Africa","authors":"Kenneth C. Gourley,&nbsp;Christoper Harig","doi":"10.1029/2024JB029223","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JB029223","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to relatively high terrain and negligible active tectonics, the southern Africa region boasts over 30 independent estimates of dynamic topography. These published estimates display a wide variance due to both the variety of methods used in computation and a lack of constraints on the regional mantle structure. Here we show that a focus on regional mantle structure is important to generate models of lithospheric and mantle dynamics. Global average mantle properties are not representative of a particular region, and it is necessary to generate viscosity profiles specific to a region of interest. We develop a Bayesian inversion using dynamic geoid kernels, existing seismic tomography models, and Slepian functions to invert for a localized radial viscosity profile that best explains the geoid in southern Africa. With an understanding of viscosity uncertainty, we constrain dynamic topography in southern Africa to lie between 1,000 and 2,000 m. Additionally, we model vertical displacements from 112 Global Navigation Satellite System stations across our region to examine the long-term, long wavelength pattern of present-day vertical motion, suggesting that a mean of 1.5 mm/yr (1<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>σ</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $sigma $</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>: 0.8–2.0 mm/yr) of vertical motion may be related to ongoing dynamic topography. Our study demonstrates the utility of dynamic geoid kernels in local nonlinear inversions of non-unique geophysical data. Furthermore, we present evidence that the mantle beneath southern Africa is generating significant dynamic support for and vertical displacement of the lithosphere in this region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142486472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Extensive Core-Reflected Phases to Constrain Sharp Inner Core Boundary Beneath East Asia","authors":"Haodong Zhang,&nbsp;Tianyu Cui,&nbsp;Yinshuang Ai","doi":"10.1029/2024JB028698","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JB028698","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The physical properties of the Earth's inner core boundary (ICB) are crucial for understanding inner core growth and geodynamo generation. In this study, we analyze the differential travel time residuals (DTTRs) and waveform similarities of the core-reflected phases (PKiKP and PcP) to investigate fine-scale seismic structures of the ICB. To study the ICB beneath East Asia, we collect a total of 4,272 PKiKP and PcP phase pairs from 37 earthquakes occurring from January 2009 to December 2018 recorded by permanent stations in the Chinese Digital Seismic Network (CDSN). This extensive PKiKP dataset allows for a geographically continuous depiction of the ICB beneath East Asia, revealing a diverse scope on its topography and sharpness. There are three main findings in our study. First, we collect a comprehensive PKiKP and PcP dataset with extensive ray coverage across East Asia. Numerous weak precritical PKiKP signals are detected, enabling robust constraints on the ICB across wide regions. Second, the PKiKP-PcP DTTRs exhibit an average offset of −0.25 s (ranging from −1.5 to 1.0 s) relative to the PREM model, suggesting the outer core is approximately 1.3 km thinner than predicted by the PREM model, although it remains largely consistent with it. Third, the bin-stacked PKiKP and PcP waveforms show high similarity across most sampled areas, indicating that the ICB thickness is no more than 2 km mostly beneath East Asia, which aligns with the hypothesis of a rapid transition from the solid inner core to the liquid outer core in our study region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deflected Mantle Flow and Shearing-Aligned Lithospheric Melt Under the Strike-Slip Dead Sea Rift","authors":"Huikai Xu,&nbsp;Youqiang Yu,&nbsp;Jiaji Xi","doi":"10.1029/2024JB029654","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JB029654","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Continental rifting is one of the fundamental tectonics of the Earth evolution while our current understandings on the dynamic mechanism of the strike-slip ones are relatively limited. Here, we have utilized three kinds of core-refracted shear waves (including PKS, SKKS, and SKS) and employed the shear-wave splitting technique to systematically investigate the azimuthal anisotropy of the upper mantle under the typical strike-slip Dead Sea rift. There are a total of 1,855 well-determined anisotropic measurements from 187 stations with dominantly N-S fast orientations. We have proposed a new model from a joint analysis of multiple newly available geophysical observations to interpret the resulting anisotropy as mainly due to the absolute-plate-motion-driven mantle flow deflected by the thick lithosphere of the eastern Arabian plate. Relatively larger splitting times are locally revealed at the rift zone and attributed to additional lithospheric anisotropy from the shearing-oriented melt pockets whose existence further induces complex anisotropy with slight difference of fast orientations between the upper and lower layer anisotropy. The overall rift-parallel fast orientations, when combined with the absence of low-velocity and hot thermal anomalies in the mantle transition zone, rule out the role of mantle plume or edge-driven convection in the rift development and further infer the Dead Sea rift to evolve in a passive mode.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142486409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aluminum and Iron Effects on the Electrical Conductivity of the Dense Hydrous Magnesium Silicate Phase E","authors":"Bin Zhao,&nbsp;Izumi Mashino,&nbsp;Takashi Yoshino","doi":"10.1029/2024JB029659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB029659","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The electrical conductivity of pure and Al/Fe-bearing phase E was measured up to 950 K at 15 GPa using a complex impedance spectroscopy. Pure phase E shows comparable conductivity to that of phase D, and a few orders of magnitude higher than that of phase A and super-hydrous phase B. Al-bearing phase E does not exhibit a conductivity difference, while a certain amount of incorporated Fe prominently increases its electrical conductivity by a factor of 4. Unlike the sole substitution 2Al³⁺→Mg²⁺+Si⁴⁺ in phase D and H, H⁺ is likely involved in the substitution. Proton conduction is the dominant conduction mechanism, while small polaron conduction becomes dominant with increasing Fe content. Phase E in subducted slabs at depth of the upper transition zone cannot explain the high electrical conductivity anomalies beneath the Philippine Sea or Northeast China. Other mechanisms such as dehydration of hydrous minerals is needed to account for them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JB029659","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142449149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Origin of Magnetofossil Coercivity Components: Constraints From Coupled Experimental Observations and Micromagnetic Calculations","authors":"Pengfei Xue,&nbsp;Liao Chang,&nbsp;Zhaowen Pei,&nbsp;Richard J. Harrison","doi":"10.1029/2023JB028501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JB028501","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biogenic magnetite crystals produced by magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) and associated magnetofossils in sediments are characterized by variable morphologies, grain sizes, and chain structures. Magnetofossils are widely used in paleomagnetic and paleoenvironmental studies, but the complex magnetofossil shapes and particle arrangements significantly affect magnetic properties, hampering their magnetic detection and proxy interpretation. Here we perform coupled experimental and micromagnetic modeling analyses of typical magnetofossil-rich sediments, where the effects of magnetofossil crystal forms and microstructures on magnetic properties can be quantitatively separated. Since the in situ magnetofossil chain structures in sediments remain poorly known, we compare results from magnetic measurements and micromagnetic simulations based on realistic magnetofossil shapes and grain size distributions. Our results suggest that bullet-shaped magnetofossils certainly contribute to the biogenic hard (BH) coercivity component with a minor contribution from elongated prismatic particles, and collapsed equidimensional grains to the biogenic soft (BS) component. Micromagnetic simulations with different collapse models of bullet-shaped magnetofossils produce variable FORC (first-order reversal curve) central-ridge contributions with similar coercivity distributions. Sensitivity test suggests that samples containing different forms of magnetofossils can produce the BH coercivity component if the proportion of the bullet-shaped particles is more than ∼2%. Magnetofossil assemblages with a higher proportion of bullet-shaped particles have higher coercivities, squareness ratios, and larger BH contents. Our data shed new light on understanding the origin of magnetofossil coercivity components and the in situ magnetofossil microstructures in sediments, which is widely useful for interpreting magnetofossil proxy signals in geological records.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}