Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth最新文献

{"title":"RuptureNet2D, a Deep Neural Network Based Surrogate for Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Simulation in Two Dimensions","authors":"Zekang Gong,&nbsp;Ziyi Wang,&nbsp;Chao Liang,&nbsp;Andreas Nienkötter,&nbsp;Jianze Wang,&nbsp;Chunmei Ren,&nbsp;Xinyan Peng","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Earthquake dynamic rupture simulations are crucial for physics-based seismic hazard assessment. However, due to its intricate dynamics spanning vast spatial and temporal scales, these simulations pose a complex and computationally challenging problem. Here, we propose an end-to-end deep learning model (RuptureNet2D) as a cost-effective alternative (at evaluation time) to expensive numerical simulations. This model is trained on a data set of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>∼</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${sim} $</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>300k simulations in two dimensions and is capable of simultaneously predicting two key earthquake source parameters: rupture time and final slip. Testing reveals exceptional model performance on faults with homogeneous and heterogeneous (with one or two asperities) frictional parameters but only requires a fraction (1/100,000 to 1/1,000) of the prediction time compared to numerical simulations. However, the accuracy of the neural network decreases as the fault length and number of asperities increases beyond the range of the training data. Nevertheless, our work demonstrates the applicability and efficiency of neural networks as a surrogate for earthquake dynamic rupture simulations which has a potential of significantly accelerating physics-based earthquake source inversion and advancing our understanding of earthquake physics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Atmospheric Acoustic-Gravity Waves From Violent Volcano Eruptions With Seismological Approaches","authors":"Shenjian Zhang,&nbsp;Rongjiang Wang,&nbsp;Xiaofei Chen,&nbsp;Torsten Dahm,&nbsp;Beibei Xu,&nbsp;Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030911","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rapid and accurate estimate of the energy release of violent volcanic eruptions is crucial for unraveling possible cascading effects and mitigating associated destructive events. However, present methodologies often rely on empirical relations between eruption yield and waveforms, failing to incorporate full-waveform data due to the absence of appropriate synthetic tools. Here, we propose a fast computation approach, extended from normal-mode theory in seismology, to simulate atmospheric acoustic-gravity waves (AGWs) in a spherical model. We systematically analyze the dispersion properties of these waves with simulated results and validate our approach by comparing it with predictions in plane-earth models. Applying synthetic waveforms to the 15 January 2022, Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai eruption, we obtain an apparent explosive source at 18 km in the air with equivalent yield of ∼9EJ. This unexpected high altitude of the explosion centroid may be related to the volcanic plume traversing the stratosphere and reaching the mesosphere.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Heterogeneous Mantle Transition Zone Beneath the Tarim Craton and Adjacent Region: Insight Into the Thermal Processes by the Cenozoic Reactivation","authors":"Zhongfa Hu,&nbsp;Yangfan Deng,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Liang,&nbsp;Zhou Zhang,&nbsp;Mijian Xu,&nbsp;Xiaohui Yuan","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030831","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Tarim craton of central Asia, a stable continental block sandwiched between the Tianshan orogen and the Tibetan Plateau, has experienced significant tectonic reactivation due to the Cenozoic India-Eurasia collision. Previous tomographic studies have identified lithospheric subduction along the Tibet-Tarim and Tianshan-Tarim boundaries. However, it is unclear what the fate of the subducted lithosphere is, and how much of it is subducted or detached into the mantle transition zone (MTZ). To investigate these issues, we use the recently deployed portable seismic array inside the Tarim Basin, along with stations in the surrounding regions, to estimate the structure of MTZ with receiver function analysis. Our key findings include: (a) An anomalously thickened MTZ beneath eastern Tarim, confirmed through systematic sedimentary and crustal correction tests to represent a detached cold lithospheric slab rather than near-surface artifacts; (b) A locally thinned MTZ (∼6 km thinner than the global average) beneath central Tarim, possibly due to hot mantle upwelling potentially triggered by peripheral slab subduction; (c) Along the Tianshan orogen, MTZ thickness variations (thin in western vs. thick in central sections) resemble previous observations, while contrasting MTZ characteristics between Pamir (relatively thin) and Hindu Kush (thickened) regions suggest different slab penetration depths beneath these two regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Modeling of Melting-Induced Decarbonation During the Flattening of the Subducted Slab Within the Mantle Transition Zone","authors":"Yizhuo Sun,&nbsp;Ting Yang,&nbsp;Liang Liu,&nbsp;Yi-Gang Xu","doi":"10.1029/2024JB029623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB029623","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Deep carbon fundamentally modifies the physical properties of solids and melts, thereby affecting partial melting and compositional differentiation within the mantle. Experimental petrological studies suggest that the carbonated oceanic crust in the subducted slab may undergo carbon-induced partial melting and decarbonation in the deep upper mantle. Although slab geotherms in cold subduction zones fall below the experimentally obtained solidus of the carbonated oceanic crust, as many subducted slabs can stagnate within the mantle transition zone (MTZ), they could be warmed up during the elongated residence time. However, quantitative geodynamic studies regarding the effect of such slab stagnation on slab decarbonation through partial melting are lacking. To fill this research gap, we employ 2D numerical modeling to investigate the potential decarbonation behaviors of subducted slabs due to carbon-induced melting during their flattening within the MTZ. Our results demonstrate that the decarbonation rate of a stagnated slab that is hot and carbonate-rich can surpass 75%, whereas for a cold and carbonate-poor slab, for example, the present-day Pacific plate, the decarbonation rate is limited to a few percent. Hence, we suggest that geochemical signatures of Cenozoic intraplate basalts in eastern China and seismological observations of the low-velocity layer in the Northeast Asian upper mantle can be traced back to an early phase of subduction when the subducted slab was moderately hot and carbonate-rich. Our geodynamic model provides a quantitative constraint on the deep carbon cycle associated with subduction, especially in the deep upper mantle.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degree of Coupling in 3D Multilayer Continental Lithospheric Buckling: Implications for Tectonic Underpressure","authors":"Seok-Hyeon Do,&nbsp;Byung-Dal So,&nbsp;Young Hong Shin","doi":"10.1029/2024JB029465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB029465","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The interplay between lithospheric strength contrast and tectonic compression by relative plate motion drives buckling instability. Analysis of lithospheric buckling with plate tectonic history is essential for inferring lithospheric strength. Based on 3D viscoelastic numerical modeling, we investigated the shape, symmetry, and coupling of layers under complex stress environments (i.e., compression/extension velocity conditions) depending on different strength structures in the lithospheric multilayer models. Our models included two strong and sandwiched weak layers in a low strength matrix, simulating the simplified strength envelopes of the continental lithosphere. Additional extensional or compressional boundary conditions were applied perpendicular to the main compression. The strength and thickness of the layers determine the degree of coupling of the layers. We found that the boundary conditions dominate the overall geometry and symmetry. The boundary conditions with the extension produced a smaller cylindrical buckling structure than the uniaxial compression models. In the biaxial compression models, the relative amount of shortening along both axes determines the axis of symmetry. The sandwiched weak layer with a larger thickness and lower strength decoupled the buckling structures in terms of wavelength and amplitude, providing insight into the decoupled lithospheric buckling beneath the Tibetan Plateau. The simultaneous deformation of the two strong layers caused a spatial dynamic pressure difference in the weak layer, which may lead to buckling-induced intraplate volcanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JB029465","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of Nanocavities to Ductile Fractures in Crustal-Scale Faults at the Base of the Seismogenic Zone","authors":"Thomas Yeo,&nbsp;Norio Shigematsu,&nbsp;Simon R. Wallis,&nbsp;Keita Kobayashi,&nbsp;Chunjie Zhang,&nbsp;Kohtaro Ujiie","doi":"10.1029/2024JB029868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB029868","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To understand the fracturing processes at the base of the seismogenic zone, the evolution of creep cavities to ductile fractures was examined within an exhumed ultramylonite zone. This ultramylonite zone records deformation at the base of the seismogenic zone. Ductile fractures are recognized phenomena in metallurgy, occurring during ductile deformation as deformation-induced cavities grow and coalesce, leading to fracture formation. Using a heterogeneously deformed ultramylonite, we establish a correlation between cavity density and the quartz recrystallized fraction, which served as a general indicator for strain. Prior to fracturing, the cavity density increases linearly with the recrystallized fraction. The empirically determined area cavity density critical for ductile failure to occur is ∼7.5%. This trend indicates that ductile fracture results from the evolution of creep cavities. Ductile fractures are ubiquitous along the length of the exposed ultramylonite zones, spanning over 7 km. Similar microstructures of ductile fractures have previously been documented in various major shear zones. These suggest that ductile fracture represents a commonplace occurrence at the base of the seismogenic zone of continental crustal faults, and possibly controls various phenomena occurring below the seismogenic zone along these faults.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JB029868","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Resolution Moho Depth and Vp/Vs Mapping Beneath the Carpatho–Pannonian Region Using P-Wave Coda Autocorrelation","authors":"Hari Ram Thapa,&nbsp;Gordana Vlahovic","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030491","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Carpathian–Pannonian Region (CPR), including Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Romania, and Ukraine, exhibits significant seismic activity, necessitating detailed crustal studies. Despite recent improvements in understanding CPR's crustal structure, it remains poorly known. Here, we applied improved autocorrelation of the P-wave coda for the first time in CPR to image the Moho and Vp/Vs ratio. We present Moho depth estimates beneath 231 broadband seismic stations using autocorrelation of teleseismic P-wave coda. Our results indicate a shallow Moho beneath the Pannonian, Vienna, and Danube basins, with depths between 20 and 30 km, while the deepest Moho is observed beneath the Southern Carpathians, Apuseni Mountains, and Southeast Carpathians, where it reaches depths of 45–55 km, deeper than previously reported. The shallower Moho beneath the basins indicates crustal thinning, while thicker Moho in neighboring mountain belts indicates orogenic thickening. Additionally, we estimated the crustal Vp/Vs ratio beneath 212 stations. The whole crust Vp/Vs ratio varies from 1.6 to 2.0, with notably high ratios (1.9 to 2.0) beneath the Pannonian, Vienna, and Danube basins. We also observed a Vp/Vs ratio greater than 1.80 beneath a few stations where mid-crustal low-velocity zones were detected. The average Vp/Vs ratio across the region is 1.76, slightly lower than the global average for continental crust. The lateral variations of Vp/Vs ratio indicate variation in crustal composition across CPR. These findings contribute valuable insights into the tectonics and crustal architecture of CPR.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JB030491","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scattering and Absorption Imaging of the Hengill High-Temperature Geothermal Area, Southwest Iceland","authors":"Ferdinando Napolitano,&nbsp;Luca De Siena,&nbsp;Ortensia Amoroso,&nbsp;Thorbjörg Ágústsdóttir,&nbsp;Ásdís Benediktsdóttir,&nbsp;Mauro Palo,&nbsp;Vala Hjörleifsdóttir,&nbsp;Paolo Capuano","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030731","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We applied 3D scattering and absorption imaging to the Hengill volcanic area (southwest Iceland), where high-enthalpy geothermal reservoirs are presently harnessed. These techniques have shown the potential for detecting magmatic intrusions and fluid reservoirs in volcanic regions. Here, we target seismic scattering and absorption as proxies of the elastic and anelastic properties of the crust to understand their potential in areas of geothermal energy extraction. The harnessed Nesjavellir geothermal field was used as a benchmark to extend interpretation into non-harnessed areas and provide better insight when evaluating exploitable geo-resources. Shallow, high-scattering anomalies mark the sub-vertical Hengill fissure swarm. Deeper low-scattering volumes likely highlight sub-horizontal magmatic intrusions beneath the Hengill central volcano, whose less fractured volume acts as a barrier for the surrounding seismicity. At Nesjavellir, high absorption co-located with high scattering volumes spatially correlates with previously detected high Vp/Vs volumes, suggesting the existence of fluid- and/or melt-filled complex seismically active networks of faults and fractures. Our results suggest the presence of geothermal reservoirs in non-harnessed areas (Mosfellsheiði and Ölkelduháls) shown by similar high-absorption anomalies at depths comparable with the Nesjavellir geothermal resource. Scattering and absorption imaging complement more standard imaging techniques, improving interpretation in geothermal resource exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JB030731","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping Crustal Vp/Vs in North America With a Machine Learning Approach","authors":"Xingxing Gao,&nbsp;Yunfeng Chen,&nbsp;Wenyu Zhao,&nbsp;J. ZhangZhou","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030712","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Vp/Vs (Poisson's ratio) provides critical information for constraining the bulk crustal composition, stress state, and tectonic evolution of the Earth. The receiver function technique has been extensively utilized to constrain the crustal Vp/Vs, yet the reliability of measurements can be affected by complex structures and uneven distribution of seismic stations. Consequently, the interpolated Vp/Vs maps can often be biased by unreliable observations, especially in data-sparse regions. We tackle these issues by proposing a machine learning model that integrates multiple geophysical data sets to estimate Vp/Vs, leveraging the physical and structural properties of the crust. We train the model by compiling an extensive data set of global Vp/Vs measurements at 13,314 seismic stations and employ XGBoost to map Vp/Vs with other key crustal properties. Experiments using data from the (a) United States and (b) United States and Canada demonstrate superior prediction accuracy, achieving an overall <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>R</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${R}^{2}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> value of 0.84 in both cases. Feature importance analysis indicates that crustal tectonic type, geographic coordinates, mid-crust shear-wave velocity, and crustal thickness primarily capture Vp/Vs variations, together explaining over 70% of reduction in the normalized root-mean-square error. The inclusion of other features further refines small-scale Vp/Vs variation. Compared to cubic and Kriging interpolations, the predicted Vp/Vs map from machine learning exhibits less local extremes and a better alignment with the first-order crustal structure across the continent. This study highlights the capability of machine learning to uncover complex geophysical relationships for reliable Vp/Vs estimates and its potential to constrain crustal composition at a continental scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Resolution Lithospheric Shear Velocity Structure of the Suqian Segment of the Tanlu Fault Zone From Ambient Noise Tomography","authors":"Chen Ma,&nbsp;Jianshe Lei,&nbsp;Dongping Wei,&nbsp;Dapeng Zhao","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030717","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To understand causes of the Suqian seismic gap and the 1668 M8.5 Tancheng earthquake, we determine a new 3-D S-wave velocity (Vs) model of the lithosphere under the Suqian segment of the Tanlu fault zone in eastern China using ambient noise tomography. Rayleigh wave phase velocity dispersions at periods of 5–33 s are collected from seismograms recorded at our newly deployed TanluArray portable stations and permanent provincial seismic stations in and around the Suqian area. The addition of the TanluArray data leads to much higher tomographic resolution in the study region. Our model well depicts surface geological features and reveals strong lateral heterogeneities in and around the fault zone. Beneath the Suqian seismic gap, the upper crust and uppermost mantle show low-velocity anomalies, whereas the middle and lower crust exhibit high-velocity anomalies. Such a structure in the Suqian area may hinder the accumulation of tectonic stress, leading to the formation of a seismic gap. The Tancheng earthquake occurred in a transition zone between high- and low-Vs anomalies in the middle crust, which is prone to stress accumulation and earthquake nucleation. The Tanlu fault zone serves as a channel for hot and wet mantle material upwelling into the crust, where fluids reduced the threshold for fault rupture and so triggered the Tancheng earthquake. The mantle upwelling may be related to dynamic processes in the big mantle wedge associated with stagnation and dehydration of the subducted Pacific slab in the mantle transition zone under East Asia.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JB030717","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}