{"title":"The Effect of Political Regime on the Association of Values with Subjective Well-Being","authors":"Eduard Ponarin, Yulia Afanasyeva","doi":"10.1007/s10902-024-00841-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-024-00841-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous research has often demonstrated that liberal values and democratic regimes are associated with higher levels of subjective well-being (SWB). However, consistent results are only found at the country level, while at the individual level the relationship between values, democracy, and SWB is not as clear. This article analyzes recent data from 86 countries and shows that individual SWB depends on whether one’s values match the country’s predominant values and political system. In authoritarian countries, those with more conservative values tend to exhibit higher levels of SWB, reaching a level of happiness comparable to that of an average person in a typical democracy. Conversely, their liberal-minded compatriots often report significantly lower levels of SWB. In democracies, people with more liberal values tend to have higher SWB than do conservatives, although this difference is not as robust as in autocracies. This study emphasizes the importance of political context in the relationship between liberal values and SWB.</p>","PeriodicalId":15837,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Happiness Studies","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142936605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of a Psycho-pedagogical Intervention on Spiritual Intelligence, Happiness, and Spiritual Well-being for Primary School Children: A Non-randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Ina Grasmane, Anita Pipere, Vitālijs Raščevskis","doi":"10.1007/s10902-024-00844-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-024-00844-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This experimental study aimed to determine the effect of psycho-pedagogical intervention on spiritual intelligence, happiness, and spiritual well-being of primary school students in Latvia. Three measurements (pre-intervention, post-intervention, and three month follow up) were administered for 83 children (<i>n</i> = 41 experimental group; <i>n</i> = 42 control group). The experimental group participated in intervention sessions that met once per week for 10 weeks. The results indicated that participation in the intervention programme led to a statistically significant increase in spiritual intelligence, happiness, and spiritual well-being in the experimental group compared to the control group. The intervention had the most significant effect on spiritual intelligence and spiritual well-being. Gender differences in spiritual intelligence, spiritual well-being, and happiness were softened after the intervention. The effectiveness of the intervention was consistent between all participants in the experimental group, regardless of the frequency of church attendance. Children who occasionally attended church showed slightly higher improvements in both groups, although not statistically significant. The given study not only validated the effect of the designed programme for primary school students, but also showed that the given intervention can improve spiritual intelligence, happiness and spiritual well-being irrespective of gender or church attendance. Integrating spiritual development into the primary school curriculum nurtures a harmonious and mentally healthy personality, which is one of the main goals of education.</p>","PeriodicalId":15837,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Happiness Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142937048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lina Tobler, Bernhard Christoph, Lukas Fervers, Marita Jacob
{"title":"When the Burden Lifts: The Effect of School and Day Care Reopenings on Parents’ Life Satisfaction","authors":"Lina Tobler, Bernhard Christoph, Lukas Fervers, Marita Jacob","doi":"10.1007/s10902-024-00819-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-024-00819-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The availability of childcare services eases parents’ daily lives and research has shown that it positively affects well-being, especially for mothers. However, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted established childcare arrangements, with school and day care closures adding to parental burdens. Despite extensive discourse on the influence of these closures on parental well-being, few studies have empirically analysed the effects of the increase in childcare responsibilities associated with the closures on the well-being of parents. We seek to address this gap by examining the impact of school and day care reopenings on parental well-being. We expect that parents’ life satisfaction will increase when schools and day care facilities are reopened—and that this effect is particularly strong for mothers. Leveraging the variation in the time of reopenings across Germany’s federal states, we employ a difference-in-differences and a difference-in-difference-in-differences approach to assess changes in well-being. The research design accounts for state-level differences and potential confounding factors related to the pandemic. By using data from the German IAB-HOPP study, which offers timely measures of life satisfaction, we aim to quantify the effects of reopenings on parental well-being. Results show only a small and marginally positive effect of reopenings on average life satisfaction among parents. However, this is due to a strong and significant effect of reopenings on mothers’ life satisfaction and no significant effect for fathers. Our findings contribute to research on the division of unpaid labour and childcare and support the notion that public childcare provision is crucial, particularly for mothers’ life satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":15837,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Happiness Studies","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142908484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jacquelyn E. Stephens, Laurel Mertz, Jennifer L. Smith
{"title":"Within- and Between-Person Effects of Savoring Ability and Well-Being in Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study","authors":"Jacquelyn E. Stephens, Laurel Mertz, Jennifer L. Smith","doi":"10.1007/s10902-024-00845-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-024-00845-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Well-being in older adults is an important concern as the aging population grows, as is identifying modifiable factors that contribute to well-being over time. The ability to savor the moment (i.e., to notice and upregulate one’s emotional response to positive events) has been linked to greater well-being; however, few studies have examined these relationships longitudinally or in older adults. The current study examined inter- and intra-individual associations between trait savoring ability, life satisfaction, and depressive symptoms in older adults. 4491 older adults (<i>M</i><sub><i>age</i></sub> = 82.10, <i>SD</i> = 6.23) completed at least two out of four annual surveys. Multilevel modeling was employed to account for within- and between-person differences in associations between savoring and well-being, as well as the role of savoring in moderating trajectories of well-being over time. Covariates included age, gender, health, and stress. Savoring ability was associated with greater well-being, both within- and between-individuals. Individuals with higher savoring ability experienced attenuated declines in well-being over time. Savoring, or noticing and amplifying positive experiences, is a malleable ability that is associated with improved well-being, both on average and within-person. Higher trait savoring ability may also protect against declines in well-being associated with greater age. We discuss implications for savoring interventions in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":15837,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Happiness Studies","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Awe Influences Prosocial Behavior and Subjective Well-Being Through the Quiet Ego","authors":"Jiali Zhang, Baorui Chang, Jiandong Fang","doi":"10.1007/s10902-024-00834-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-024-00834-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Awe has been proposed to promote prosocial behavior (PSB) through the quiet ego. However, this view lacks empirical research support. The present study verified and expanded this view through longitudinal and experimental studies. In Study 1, we induced state awe through video clips and provided experimental support for the mediating role of the quiet ego in the link between awe and PSB and SWB. In addition, Study 2 included a measure of the small self, a traditional mediating variable in awe research, and did not find that the small self mediates the effect of awe on PSB and SWB. In Study 2, we conducted three follow-up surveys of 788 junior high school students at intervals of six and three months and verified the mediating role of the quiet ego in the link between awe and PSB and subjective well-being (SWB) at the trait level. These findings offer preliminary support for a new theoretical framework for comprehending the positive effects of awe and enrich research exploring the antecedent variables of the quiet ego.</p>","PeriodicalId":15837,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Happiness Studies","volume":"200 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Light on Wellbeing: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"A. Landvreugd, M. G. Nivard, M. Bartels","doi":"10.1007/s10902-024-00838-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-024-00838-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Due to the dominant presence of studies and reviews exploring the impact of light on physical and mental illness, studies specifically investigating the effect of light on wellbeing are often overshadowed. The aim of this review is to give an overview of specifically these studies conducted on light and wellbeing, and to summarize the reported effects. After a literature search in <i>PubMed</i>, <i>PsycInfo,</i> and <i>Web of Science</i>, 74 studies were found eligible to be included in this systematic review, i.e. they included surveys assessing wellbeing, happiness, life satisfaction, positive affect, or quality of life. Of these 74 studies, 30 were included in the meta-analysis and assessed for their risk of bias. The meta-analysis showed a pooled effect size of 0.46 (<i>CI</i> = 0.29–0.62), indicating that light has a small-to-moderate positive effect on wellbeing. After removing outliers and studies with a high risk of bias, the sensitivity analysis showed the pooled effect size to be robust (0.53, <i>CI</i> = 0.35–0.72). Although the sensitivity analysis indicated a robust effect, the results might still be biased due to the relatively small sample sizes, risk of bias in the designs (due to e.g. difficulties handling confounders and the reporting of the outcomes), and publication bias. We encourage future studies to replicate these positive results in larger samples, and to give extensive details about the light design and statistical outcomes, to increase the number of studies that can be included in these types of systematic reviews.</p>","PeriodicalId":15837,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Happiness Studies","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Income Fluctuations and Subjective Well-being: The Mediating Effects of Occupational Switching and Remittances","authors":"Azizbek Tokhirov","doi":"10.1007/s10902-024-00814-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-024-00814-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Does money bring happiness? To answer this question, I study the consequences of income fluctuations caused by commodity price changes on well-being patterns in regions specializing in export agriculture. Using nationally representative survey data in a difference-in-differences framework, I investigate the effects of the 2010/11 short-term increase in the global price of cotton. I demonstrate that it can be viewed as a positive income shock for the cotton-producing communities of Tajikistan. The main results indicate that the net subjective well-being effects of the cotton price increase are negative: exposure to the shock at the aggregate level is associated with a notable decrease in the reported levels of financial and life satisfaction. To explain this paradox, I consider split sample analyses, which suggest that the shock led to within-community occupational sorting and that its well-being effects are negative among households that were in the agriculture sector before the shock and barely positive for newly become farmers. Observing the increasing volume of remittances in the world and their significance to the economy of Tajikistan, I also study how remittances affect the relationship between income volatility and happiness. Further estimations reveal that family remittances are not significantly affected by and can partially mediate the negative effects of short-term income changes. The mediating effects of remittances only affect financial satisfaction, suggesting that a mere compensation of losses does not fully restore the quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":15837,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Happiness Studies","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thriving and Striving Around the World: A Cross-Cultural Examination of the Relationship Between Achievement Goals and Flourishing","authors":"G. Noordzij, A. Van Dam, M. Born","doi":"10.1007/s10902-024-00828-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-024-00828-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The current study examines the relationship between achievement goals (mastery-approach, performance-approach, performance-avoidance, and mastery-avoidance goals) and flourishing (emotional, social, and psychological well-being) in three countries with comparable human development but with different cultural values: USA, Japan, and the Netherlands. Previous research provided an indication for the relationships between achievement goals and well-being but does not allow to draw conclusions on these relationships across cultures. We used a comparable sample of adults (<i>N</i> = 919) of the three countries to examine differences between those countries in the relationship between achievement goals and well-being. Results showed that the relationships between mastery-approach goals and well-being were the same for the three countries while different relationships were found for performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals. These findings could be partly explained by the cultural value of competitiveness and collectivism.</p>","PeriodicalId":15837,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Happiness Studies","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Online Multi-Component Positive Psychology Intervention on Adolescents’ Risky Behaviors and Psychological Flexibility: A Mixed Method Study","authors":"Ahmet Alkal, Sabahattin Çam","doi":"10.1007/s10902-024-00840-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-024-00840-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the Multi-Component Positive Psychology Intervention (MPPI) on adolescents’ risky behaviors and psychological flexibility. The study utilized a convergent parallel design, a mixed-method research design. While the quantitative phase included a 2 × 3 factorial design, the qualitative phase included a descriptive phenomenology approach. The study group consisted of 26 adolescents (experimental group = 13, control group = 13) selected using the simultaneous/nested sampling method (Ranj<sub>age</sub>=14–17, M<sub>age</sub>=15.35, SD<sub>age</sub>=1.09). While the adolescents in the experimental group received a ten-week MPPI program online, the adolescents in the control group were administered no interventions. Quantitative data were collected through the Risky Behavior Scale and the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory-Short Form. Qualitative data were collected through individual interviews conducted with the adolescents after the experimental procedure. The quantitative results showed that MPPI enabled a significant decrease in adolescents’ antisocial behaviors, suicide tendency, risky behaviors total and psychological inflexibility scores and an increase in their psychological flexibility scores. This effect was found to continue in the follow-up measurements taken three months later. On the other hand, MPPI was found to have no significant effects on reducing adolescents’ alcohol use, smoking, nutrition habits, and school dropout scores. Qualitative findings indicated the positive effects of MPPI on decreasing adolescents’ risky behaviors and increasing their psychological flexibility levels. Findings from quantitative and qualitative data assessing the effectiveness of MPPI were found to support each other.</p>","PeriodicalId":15837,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Happiness Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Orit Taubman – Ben-Ari, Dan Ramon, Ofir Ben-Yaakov
{"title":"Trajectories of Personal Growth among First-Time Parents: The Predicting Role of Coping Flexibility and Parental Distress","authors":"Orit Taubman – Ben-Ari, Dan Ramon, Ofir Ben-Yaakov","doi":"10.1007/s10902-024-00832-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-024-00832-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>The study aimed to identify different trajectories of personal growth (PG) following the transition to parenthood, as well as factors that predict these trajectories.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Method</h3><p>Parents (<i>n</i> = 788) completed self-report questionnaires in three phases: when infants were 3–12 months-old, six months later and again six months later. Latent Class Growth Analyses (LCGA) and Growth Mixture Modeling (GMM) were used to identify latent subgroups of individuals based on common trajectories of PG. Stepwise multinominal regression models were used to identify significant determinants of personal growth trajectories.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Four trajectories were found: (1) constructive; (2) high-stable; (3) low-stable; and (4) moderately delayed. Being a woman and higher coping versatility were related to the high-stable trajectory, higher economic status was related to the low-stable trajectory, and higher parental distress was related to the moderately-delayed trajectory.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The study offers insights into growth in first-time parents of young infants by distinguishing between four trajectories and showing that economic status, as well as the psychological variables of parental distress and coping flexibility, might differentiate between different growth patterns. The results contribute to the theoretical understanding of the complex experience of personal growth, which, in turn, can serve professionals in the design of appropriate personalized interventions for new parents.</p>","PeriodicalId":15837,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Happiness Studies","volume":"233 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}