Journal of Forestry Research最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of genes related to xylem cell wall development based on transcriptomics in Populus alba ‘Berolinensis’ tension wood","authors":"Lin Feng, Youchao He, Xu Li, Meiqi Zhou, Chao Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01709-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01709-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Populus alba ‘Berolinensis’</i> is a fast-growing, high-yielding species with strong biotic and abiotic stress resistance, and widely planted for timber, shelter belts and aesthetic purposes. In this study, molecular development is explored and the important genes regulating xylem formation in <i>P. alba ‘Berolinensis’</i> under artificial bending treatments was identified. Anatomical investigation indicated that tension wood (TW) was characterized by eccentric growth of xylem and was enriched in cellulose; the degree of lignification was lower than for normal wood (NW) and opposite wood (OW). RNA-Seq-based transcriptome analysis was performed using developing xylem from three wood types (TW, OW and NW). A large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and 4889 counted. In GO and KEGG enrichment results, genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and cell wall and secondary cell wall biogenesis play major roles in xylem development under artificial bending. Eight expansin (<i>PalEXP</i>) genes were identified from the RNA-seq data; four were differentially expressed during tension wood formation. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that <i>PalEXLB1</i> belongs to the EXPB subfamily and that the other <i>PalEXPs</i> are members of the EXPA subfamily. A transcriptional regulatory network construction showed 10 transcription factors located in the first and second layers upstream of EXP, including WRKY, ERF and bHLH. RT‒qPCR analysis in leaves, stems and roots combined with transcriptome analysis suggests that <i>PalEXPA2</i>, <i>PalEXPA4</i> and <i>PalEXPA15</i> play significant regulatory roles in cell wall formation during tension wood development. The candidate genes involved in xylem cell wall development during tension wood formation marks an important step toward identifying the molecular regulatory mechanism of xylem development and wood property improvement in <i>P. alba ‘Berolinensis’</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"497 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tall, large-diameter trees and dense shrub layer as key determinants of the abundance and composition of bird communities in oak-dominated forests","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01714-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01714-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Increasing human activity is altering the structure of forests, which affects the composition of communities, including birds. However, little is known about the key forest structure variables that determine the richness of bird communities in European temperate oak forests. We, therefore, aimed to identify key variables in these habitats that could contribute to the design of management strategies for forest conservation by surveying 11 oak-dominated forest sites throughout the mid-mountain range of Hungary at 86 survey points to reveal the role of different compositional and structural variables for forest stands that influence the breeding bird assemblages in the forests at the functional group and individual species levels. Based on decision tree modelling, our results showed that the density of trees larger than 30 cm DBH was an overall important variable, indicating that large-diameter trees were essential to provide diverse bird communities. The total abundance of birds, the foliage-gleaners, primary and secondary cavity nesters, residents, and five specific bird species were related to the density of high trunk diameter trees. The abundance of shrub nesters was negatively influenced by a high density of trees over 10 cm DBH. The density of the shrub layer positively affected total bird abundance and the abundance of foliage gleaners, secondary cavity nesters and residents. Analysis of the co-dominant tree species showed that the presence of linden, beech, and hornbeam was important in influencing the abundance of various bird species, e.g., Eurasian Treecreeper (<em>Certhia familiaris</em>), Marsh Tit (<em>Poecile palustris</em>) and Wood Warbler (<em>Phylloscopus sibilatrix</em>). Our results indicated that large trees, high tree diversity, and dense shrub layer were essential for forest bird communities and are critical targets for protection to maintain diverse and abundant bird communities in oak-dominated forest habitats.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140300412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate warming is significantly influenced by rising summer maximum temperatures: insights from tree-ring evidence of the Western Tianshan Mountains, China","authors":"Meng Ren, Yu Liu, Qiufang Cai, Qiang Li, Huiming Song, Changfeng Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01715-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01715-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As one of the regions most affected by global climate warming, the Tianshan mountains has experienced several ecological crises, including retreating glaciers and water deficits. Climate warming in these mountains is considered mainly to be caused by increases in minimum temperatures and winter temperatures, while the influence of maximum temperatures is unclear. In this study, a 300-year tree-ring chronology developed from the Western Tianshan Mountains was used to reconstruct the summer (June–August) maximum temperature (<i>T</i>_max6–8) variations from 1718 to 2017. The reconstruction explained 53.1% of the variance in the observed <i>T</i>_max6–8. Over the past 300 years, the <i>T</i>_max6–8 reconstruction showed clear interannual and decadal variabilities. There was a significant warming trend (0.18 °C/decade) after the 1950s, which was close to the increasing rates of the minimum and mean temperatures. The increase in maximum temperature was also present over the whole Tianshan mountains and its impact on climate warming has increased. The <i>T</i>_max6-8 variations in the Western Tianshan mountains were influenced by frequent volcanic eruptions combined with the influence of solar activity and the summer North Atlantic Oscillation. This study reveals that climate warming is significantly influenced by the increase in maximum temperatures and clarifies possible driving mechanisms of temperature variations in the Western Tianshan mountains which should aid climate predictions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140300281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Litterfall production modeling based on climatic variables and nutrient return from stands of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden and Pinus taeda L.","authors":"Andrés Baietto, Andrés Hirigoyen, Jorge Hernández, Amabelia del Pino","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01706-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01706-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Native grasslands in the Pampas of South America are increasingly being replaced by <i>Eucalyptus</i> and <i>Pinus</i> stands. The short rotation regimes used for the stands require high nutrient levels, with litterfall being a major source of nutrient return. To model the litterfall production using climatic variables and assess the nutrient return in 14-year-old <i>Eucalyptus</i> <i>grandis</i> and <i>Pinus</i> <i>taeda</i> stands, we measured litter production over 2 years, using conical litter traps, and monitored climatic variables. Mean temperature, accumulated precipitation, and mean maximum vapor pressure deficit at the seasonal level influenced litterfall production by <i>E.</i> <i>grandis</i>; seasonal accumulated precipitation and mean maximum temperature affected litterfall by <i>P.</i> <i>taeda</i>. The regression tree modeling based on these climatic variables had great accuracy and predictive power for <i>E.</i> <i>grandis</i> (<i>N</i> = 33; MAE (mean absolute error) = 0.65; RMSE (root mean square error) = 0.91; <i>R</i>² = 0.71) and <i>P.</i> <i>taeda</i> (<i>N</i> = 108; MAE = 1.50; RMSE = 1.59; <i>R</i>² = 0.72). The nutrient return followed a similar pattern to litterfall deposition, as well as the order of importance of macronutrients (<i>E.</i> <i>grandis</i>: Ca &gt; N &gt; K &gt; Mg &gt; P; <i>P.</i> <i>taeda</i>: N &gt; Ca &gt; K &gt; Mg &gt; P) and micronutrients (<i>E.</i> <i>grandis</i> and <i>P.</i> <i>taeda</i>: Mn &gt; Fe &gt; Zn &gt; Cu) in both species. This study constitutes a first approximation of factors that affect litterfall and nutrient return in these systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential response of radial growth and δ13C in Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia) to climate change on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains in Northwest China","authors":"Li Qin, Huaming Shang, Weiping Liu, Yuting Fan, Kexiang Liu, Tongwen Zhang, Ruibo Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01711-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01711-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tree radial growth can have significantly different responses to climate change depending on the environment. To elucidate the effects of climate on radial growth and stable carbon isotope (δ¹³C) fractionation of Qinghai spruce (<i>Picea crassifolia</i>), a widely distributed native conifer in northwestern China in different environments, we developed chronologies for tree-ring widths and δ¹³C in trees on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains, and analysed the relationship between these tree-ring variables and major climatic factors. Tree-ring widths were strongly influenced by climatic factors early in the growing season, and the radial growth in trees on the northern slopes was more sensitive to climate than in trees on the southern. Tree-ring δ¹³C was more sensitive to climate than radial growth. δ¹³C fractionation was mainly influenced by summer temperature and precipitation early in the growing season. Stomatal conductance more strongly limited stable carbon isotope fractionation in tree rings than photosynthetic rate did. The response between tree rings and climate in mountains gradually weakened as climate warmed. Changes in radial growth and stable carbon isotope fractionation of <i>P. crassifolia</i> in response to climate in the Qilian Mountains may be further complicated by continued climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why lowland riparian trees are difficult to use for streamflow reconstruction","authors":"Xiaomei Peng, Shengchun Xiao, Bao Yang, Quanyan Tian, Vladimir V. Shishov","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01713-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01713-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Existing streamflow reconstructions based on tree-ring analysis mostly rely on species from upland, mainly montane areas, while lowland species (generally plain) areas are rarely used. This limits the understanding of streamflow change history in the lowlands, which is an important basis for water resource management. This study focused on <i>Populus euphratica</i> stands located along the main stream, eastern and western tributaries in the lower reaches of the Heihe River basin (HRb), in arid northwestern China. We investigated how streamflow regulation interferes with riparian trees in lowlands when they used for streamflow reconstruction. Tree-ring width chronologies were developed and analyzed in conjunction with meteorological and hydrologic observation data. The results show streamflow regulation leads in sharp fluctuations in the streamflow allocation between the eastern tributaries and western tributaries. This resulted in instability of the correlation between streamflow at the two tributaries and at the Zhengyixia hydrologic station, with corresponding fluctuations in radial growth of poplar trees on the banks of the two tributaries and at the station. Streamflow regulation altered the natural patterns of seasonal streamflow below the station, changing the time window of poplar response. This study provides useful insight into tree-ring width based streamflow reconstruction in the lowlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dominant woody plant species recognition with a hierarchical model based on multimodal geospatial data for subtropical forests","authors":"Xin Chen, Yujun Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01700-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01700-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since the launch of the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform in 2010, it has been widely used, leading to a wealth of valuable information. However, the potential of GEE for forest resource management has not been fully exploited. To extract dominant woody plant species, GEE combined Sentinel-1 (S1) and Sentinel-2 (S2) data with the addition of the National Forest Resources Inventory (NFRI) and topographic data, resulting in a 10 m resolution multimodal geospatial dataset for subtropical forests in southeast China. Spectral and texture features, red-edge bands, and vegetation indices of S1 and S2 data were computed. A hierarchical model obtained information on forest distribution and area and the dominant woody plant species. The results suggest that combining data sources from the S1 winter and S2 yearly ranges enhances accuracy in forest distribution and area extraction compared to using either data source independently. Similarly, for dominant woody species recognition, using S1 winter and S2 data across all four seasons was accurate. Including terrain factors and removing spatial correlation from NFRI sample points further improved the recognition accuracy. The optimal forest extraction achieved an overall accuracy (OA) of 97.4% and a map-level image classification efficacy (MICE) of 96.7%. OA and MICE were 83.6% and 80.7% for dominant species extraction, respectively. The high accuracy and efficacy values indicate that the hierarchical recognition model based on multimodal remote sensing data performed extremely well for extracting information about dominant woody plant species. Visualizing the results using the GEE application allows for an intuitive display of forest and species distribution, offering significant convenience for forest resource monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term thinning decreases the contribution of heterotrophic respiration to soil respiration in subalpine plantations","authors":"Longfei Chen, Zhibin He, Wenzhi Zhao, Xi Zhu, Qin Shen, Mingdan Song, Zhengpeng Li, Junqia Kong, Shuping Yang, Yuan Gao","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01710-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01710-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Interest in the dynamics of soil respiration (<i>R</i>_<i>s</i>) in subalpine forest ecosystems is increasing due to their high soil carbon density and potential sensitivity to environmental changes. However, as a principal silvicultural practice, the long-term impacts of thinning on <i>R</i>_<i>s</i> and its heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration components (<i>R</i>_<i>h</i> and <i>R</i>_<i>a</i>, respectively) in subalpine plantations are poorly understood, especially in winter. A 3-year field observation was carried out with consideration of winter CO₂ efflux in middle-aged subalpine spruce plantations in northwestern China. A trenching method was used to explore the long-term impacts of thinning on <i>R</i>_<i>s</i>, <i>R</i>_<i>h</i> and <i>R</i>_<i>a</i>. Seventeen years after thinning, mean annual <i>R</i>_<i>s</i>, <i>R</i>_<i>h</i> and <i>R</i>_<i>a</i> increased, while the contribution of <i>R</i>_<i>h</i> to <i>R</i>_<i>s</i> decreased with thinning intensity. Thinning significantly decreased winter <i>R</i>_<i>s</i> because of the reduction in <i>R</i>_<i>h</i> but had no significant effect on <i>R</i>_<i>a</i>. The temperature sensitivity (<i>Q</i>₁₀) of <i>R</i>_<i>h</i> and <i>R</i>_<i>a</i> also increased with thinning intensity, with lower <i>Q</i>₁₀ values for <i>R</i>_<i>h</i> (2.1–2.6) than for <i>R</i>_<i>a</i> (2.4–2.8). The results revealed the explanatory variables and pathways related to <i>R</i>_<i>h</i> and <i>R</i>_<i>a</i> dynamics. Thinning increased soil moisture and nitrate nitrogen (<span>({text{NO}}_{3}^{ - })</span>-N), and the enhanced nitrogen and water availability promoted <i>R</i>_<i>h</i> and <i>R</i>_<i>a</i> by improving fine root biomass and microbial activity. Our results highlight the positive roles of <span>({text{NO}}_{3}^{ - })</span>-N in stimulating <i>R</i>_<i>s</i> components following long-term thinning. Therefore, applications of nitrogen fertilizer are not recommended while thinning subalpine spruce plantations from the perspective of reducing soil CO₂ emissions. The increased <i>Q</i>₁₀ values of <i>R</i>_s components indicate that a large increase in soil CO₂ emissions would be expected following thinning because of more pronounced climate warming in alpine regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140165639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method to measure tree-ring width, density, elemental composition, and stable carbon and oxygen isotopes using one sample","authors":"Chenxi Xu, Yaru Zhao, Wenling An, Qingyu Zhao, Yucheng Liu, Masaki Sano, Takeshi Nakatsuka","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01707-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01707-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tree-ring width (RW), density, elemental composition, and stable carbon and oxygen isotope (δ¹³C, δ¹⁸O) are widely used as proxies to assess climate change, ecology, and environmental pollution; however, a specific pretreatment has been needed for each proxy. Here, we developed a method by which each proxy can be measured in the same sample. First, the sample is polished for ring width measurement. After obtaining the ring width data, the sample is cut to form a 1-mm-thick wood plate. The sample is then mounted in a vertical sample holder, and gradually scanned by an X-ray beam. Simultaneously, the count rates of the fluorescent photons of elements (for chemical characterization) and a radiographic grayscale image (for wood density) are obtained, i.e. the density and the element content are obtained. Then, cellulose is isolated from the 1-mm wood plate by removal of lignin, and hemicellulose. After producing this cellulose plate, cellulose subsamples are separated by knife under the microscope for inter-annual and intra-annual stable carbon and oxygen isotope (δ¹³C, δ¹⁸O) analysis. Based on this method, RW, density, elemental composition, δ¹³C, and δ¹⁸O can be measured from the same sample, which reduces sample amount and treatment time, and is helpful for multi-proxy comparison and combination research.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140072196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Butterfly taxonomic and functional diversity in the urban green spaces of Hefei city","authors":"Haicong Zeng, Yan Zhu, Junyao Zhang, Chenliang Li, Jian Zhang, Hui Liu, Jianan Wang, Dexian Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01704-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01704-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Urbanization has profound impacts on ecological environments. Green spaces are a vital component of urban ecosystems and play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance and enhancing sustainability. This study aimed to investigate the community composition characteristics of butterflies in urban green spaces within the context of rapid urbanization. Simultaneously, it explored the status and differences in butterfly taxonomic diversity, functional diversity, and functional traits among different types of urban green spaces, regions, and urban gradients to provide relevant insights for further improving urban green space quality and promoting biodiversity conservation. We conducted a year-long survey of 80 green spaces across different urban regions and ring roads within Hefei City, Anhui Province, with monthly sampling intervals over 187 transects. A total of 4822 butterflies, belonging to 5 families, 17 subfamilies, 40 genera, and 55 species were identified. The species richness, Shannon, Simpson, functional richness, and Rao's quadratic entropy indices of butterflies in urban park green spaces were all significantly higher than those in residential and street green spaces (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Differences in butterfly diversity and functional traits among different urban regions and ring roads were relatively minor, and small-sized, multivoltine, and long flying duration butterflies dominated urban green spaces. Overall, these spaces offer more favorable habitats for butterflies. However, some residential green spaces and street green spaces demonstrate potential for butterfly conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140034517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}