Journal of Forestry Research最新文献

{"title":"How precise is precise enough? Tree crown segmentation using high resolution close-up multispectral UAV images and its effect on NDVI accuracy in Fraxinus excelsior L. trees","authors":"Lisa Buchner, Anna-Katharina Eisen, Susanne Jochner-Oette","doi":"10.1007/s11676-025-01929-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-025-01929-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Detailed individual tree crown segmentation is highly relevant for the detection and monitoring of Fraxinus excelsior L. trees affected by ash dieback, a major threat to common ash populations across Europe. In this study, both fine and coarse crown segmentation methods were applied to close-range multispectral UAV imagery. The fine tree crown segmentation method utilized a novel unsupervised machine learning approach based on a blended NIR–NDVI image, whereas the coarse segmentation relied on the segment anything model (SAM). Both methods successfully delineated tree crown outlines, however, only the fine segmentation accurately captured internal canopy gaps. Despite these structural differences, mean NDVI values calculated per tree crown revealed no significant differences between the two approaches, indicating that coarse segmentation is sufficient for mean vegetation index assessments. Nevertheless, the fine segmentation revealed increased heterogeneity in NDVI values in more severely damaged trees, underscoring its value for detailed structural and health analyses. Furthermore, the fine segmentation workflow proved transferable to both individual UAV images and orthophotos from broader UAV surveys. For applications focused on structural integrity and spatial variation in canopy health, the fine segmentation approach is recommended.","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11676-025-01929-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147901402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the entomopathogenic fungal strain Beauveria bassiana against male and female poplar/willow weevil (Cryptorhynchus lapathi) adults","authors":"Fang Niu, Niya Jia, Dan Xie, Yunzhao Yang, Jia Yu, Huanwen Chen, Fang Niu","doi":"10.1007/s11676-025-01900-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-025-01900-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147330621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal emission patterns of airborne phytoncides in temperate forests from autumn to early spring: a case study of Xishui National Forest Park (Yichun, Northeast China)","authors":"Hong-da Cai, Yitong Wang, Xianwen Huang, Sen Zhang, Yankun Liu, Jian Zhang, Dongmei Zhao, Peng Zhao, Xiuhua Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11676-025-01896-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-025-01896-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Xishui National Forest Park in Heilongjiang Province hosts China’s most pristine temperate forests and serves as a key site for ecotourism and forest therapy. However, the emission patterns of phytoncides (key bioactive compounds) remain poorly understood, limiting their therapeutic application. This study provides the first comprehensive characterization of spatiotemporal dynamics in airborne phytoncides and their synergistic interactions with environmental factors throughout the autumn-early spring seasonal transition in a temperate forest ecosystem. We analyzed the compositional dynamics of phytoncides and terpenoid content variations using thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) from September 2024 to March 2025. This period encompassed seasonal transitions from autumn to early spring, including diurnal variations in September and snowfall events in November. The method demonstrated detection limits (LODs) ranging from 1.35 to 5.33 ng m −3 and quantification limits (LOQs) from 4.09 to 16.15 ng m −3 . Our results revealed pronounced seasonal fluctuations in phytoncide composition. In September, terpenoids, esters, alcohols, and alkanes displayed a diurnal “decrease-increase” trend, whereas aldehydes and ketones peaked at midday. Notably, esters and alcohols were undetectable in November and January. By January, terpenoids reached their lowest proportion (0.17 ± 0.02%) at noon. Five terpenoids ( α -pinene, myrcene, D-limonene, camphene, p -cymene) were detected in September, four ( α -pinene, D-limonene, camphene, p -cymene) in November, two (D-limonene, p -cymene) in January, and only p -cymene in March. The total concentration and emission rate of the five terpenoids peaked in September afternoons at 1961.58 ± 106.67 ng m −3 and 653.86 ± 35.56 ng m −3 h −1 , respectively. Nocturnal emissions (32131.95 ± 2522.21 ng m −3 ) significantly surpassed daytime levels (14473.04 ± 958.49 ng m −3 ), with emission rates escalating from 1447.30 ± 95.85 ng m −3 h −1 (day) to 5355.33 ± 420.37 ng m −3 h −1 (night), marking a 3.7-fold increase. Snowfall dramatically elevated terpenoid concentrations (pre-snowfall: 158.58 ± 14.12 ng m −3 ; post-snowfall: 1080.57 ± 57.76 ng m −3 ) and emission rates (pre-snowfall: 52.86 ± 4.71 ng m −3 h −1 ; post-snowfall: 360.19 ± 19.25 ng m −3 h −1 ), reflecting a 6.8-fold surge. This study underscores the profound influence of light intensity, seasonal shifts, and climatic conditions on airborne phytoncide levels, offering a scientific foundation for optimizing forest therapy and ecotourism strategies.","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11676-025-01896-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A static magnetic field improves salt tolerance for poplar cuttings by regulating root reactive oxygen species homeostasis","authors":"Jihuai Hu, Wenhao Han, Haojie Zhang, Nianzhao Wang, Guanqing Wu, Qiliang Zhu, Fengyun Ma, Huimei Tian, Yanping Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11676-025-01859-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-025-01859-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of bioremediation on soil fertility and microbial communities of degraded grassland soil under dual petroleum contamination and saline-alkali stress","authors":"Jie Yu, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Zijian Zhang, Hongliang Guo, Kosuke Noborio, Song Han","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01809-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01809-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147893483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying palaeoecological analogues to contemporary challenges: community-level effects of canopy gaps caused by systematic decline of a prevalent tree species","authors":"Julia Webb, Anne E. Goodenough","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01781-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01781-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Temperate woodland vegetation is initially determined by spatiotemporal and historical factors, mediated by complex biotic interactions. However, catastrophic events such as disease outbreaks (e.g., sweet chestnut blight, ash dieback), infestations of insect pests, and human-accelerated climate change can create canopy gaps due to systematic decline in, or loss of, tree species that was once an important part of the canopy. Resultant cascade effects have the potential to alter the composition of woodland ecosystems quickly and radically, but inherent lag times make primary research into these effects challenging. Here, we explore change in woodland vegetation at 10 sites in response to canopy opening using the Elm Decline, a rapid loss of <i>Ulmus</i> in woodlands across northwestern Europe ~ 5800 years ago that coexisted alongside other stressors such as increasing human activity, as a palaeoecological analogue. For arboreal taxa, community evenness significantly decreased, within-site turnover significantly increased, and richness remained unchanged. Changes in arboreal taxa were highly site-specific but there was a substantial decline in woody climbing taxa, especially <i>Hedera</i> (ivy), across the majority of sites. For shrub taxa, richness significantly increased but evenness and turnover remained consistent. Interestingly, however, there was a significant increase in abundance of shrubs at 70% of sites, including <i>Calluna</i> (heather), <i>Ilex</i> (holly) and <i>Corylus</i> (hazel), suggesting structural change. Surprisingly, there was no change in richness, evenness or turnover for herb taxa, possibly because change was highly variable spatially. However, there was a marked uptick in the disturbance indicator <i>Plantago</i> (plantain). Overall, these findings suggest that woodlands with sustained reduction in, or loss of, a tree species that once formed an important part of the canopy has profound, but often spatially idiosyncratic, impacts on vegetation diversity (richness), composition (evenness), stability (turnover), and on abundance of specific taxa, especially within the shrub layer. Use of this palaeoecological analogue, which was itself complicated by cooccurring changes in human activity, provides a valuable empirical insight into possible cascade effects of similar change in canopy opening in contemporary settings, including Ash Dieback.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"199 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A stacking-based model for the spread of Botryosphaeria laricina","authors":"Hongwei Zhou, Shibo Zhang, Meng Xie, Xiaodong Li, Yifan Chen, Wenhao Dai","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01768-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01768-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Botryosphaeria laricina</i> (larch shoot blight) was first identified in 1973 in Jilin Province, China. The disease spread rapidly and caused considerable damage because its pathogenesis was unknown at the time and there were no effective controls or quarantine methods. At present, it shows a spreading trend, but most research can only conduct physiological analyses within a relatively short period, combining individual influencing factors. Nevertheless, methods such as neural network models, ensemble learning algorithms, and Markov models are used in pest and disease prediction and forecasting. However, there may be fitting issues or inherent limitations associated with these methods. This study obtained <i>B. laricina</i> data at the county level from 2003 to 2021. The dataset was augmented using the SMOTE algorithm, and then algorithms such as XGBoost were used to select the significant features from a combined set of 12 features. A new stacking fusion model has been proposed to predict the status of <i>B. laricina</i>. The model is based on random forest, gradient boosted decision tree, CatBoost and logistic regression algorithms. The accuracy, recall, specificity, precision, F₁ value and AUC of the model reached 90.9%, 91.6%, 90.4%, 88.8%, 90.2% and 96.2%. The results provide evidence of the strong performance and stability of the model. <i>B. laricina</i> is mainly found in the northeast and this study indicates that it is spreading northwest. Reasonable means should be used promptly to prevent further damage and spread.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and expression of heat shock gene Lghsp17.4 in Lenzites gibbosa, a white rot fungus of wood","authors":"Lianrong Feng, Yujie Chi, Jian Zhang, Xuxin Yang, Shuying Han","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01778-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01778-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) act as molecular chaperones that can prevent the accumulation of damaged proteins during abiotic stress, especially heat shock, but the mechanism is not clear. To study the function of sHSPs in <i>Lenzites gibbosa</i>, a common polypore in northern temperate forests that causes spongy white rot of broadleaf trees, under temperature stress, <i>L. gibbosa</i> mycelia were grown at 25 °C for 9 d, treated at 33 °C for 15, 30, 60, and 120 min before sequencing the transcriptomes. From among 32 heat shock protein (HSP) genes found in the screen of the transcriptome data, a highly expressed gene was cloned and named <i>Lghsp17.4</i>. RT-qPCR was used to analyze the expression of the gene <i>Lghsp17.4</i> under heat shock and dye stress. Both treatments induced higher expression of <i>Lghsp17.4</i> at the transcriptional level, indicating that <i>Lghsp17.4</i> might function in the response to heat stress and dye degradation. We previously found that <i>L. gibbosa</i> generally had a heat shock reaction (HSR) during degradation of aromatic compounds, and HSPs were always produced with manganese peroxidases (MnPs) and other lignin-degrading enzymes. Therefore, we measured the activity of MnPs in <i>L. gibbosa</i> after 33 °C heat shock to analyze the relationship between MnPs expression and <i>Lghsp17.4</i> expression. Heat shocks of 0–30 min increased MnPs activity, and the change in MnPs activity were closely positively correlated with the expression levels of <i>Lghsp17.4</i> over time, indicating a potential connection and interaction between LgHSP17.4 and MnPs during the HSR in <i>L. gibbosa</i>. Thus, LgHSP17.4 might have a positive regulatory effect on the HSR in <i>L. gibbosa</i> and be a critical component of a stress resistance mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leaf functional traits and ecological strategies of common plant species in evergreen broad-leaved forests on Huangshan Mountain","authors":"Ningjie Wang, Ting Lv, Lu Wang, Shuifei Chen, Lei Xie, Yanming Fang, Hui Ding","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01780-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01780-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The survival strategy of plants is to adjust their functional traits to adapt to the environment. However, these traits and survival strategies of evergreen broad-leaved forest species are not well understood. This study examined 10 leaf functional traits (LFTs) of 70 common plant species in an evergreen broad-leaved forest in Huangshan Mountain to decipher their adaptive strategies. The phylogenetic signals of these LFTs were assessed and phylogenetically independent contrasts (PIC) and correlation analyses were carried out. LFTs were analyzed to determine their CSR (C: competitor, S: stress-tolerator, R: ruderal) strategies. The results show that plant species exhibit different leaf functional traits and ecological strategies (nine strategies were identified; the most abundant were S/CS and S/CSR strategies). Some traits showed significant phylogenetic signals, indicating the effect of phylogeny on LFTs to an extent. Trait variations among species suggest distinct adaptation strategies to environmental changes. The study species were mainly clustered on the C-S strategy axis, with a high S component. Species leaning toward the C-strategy end (e.g., deciduous species), favored a resource acquisition strategy characterized by higher specific leaf area (SLA), greater nutrient contents (N and P), lower leaf dry matter content (LDMC), and reduced nutrient utilization efficiency (C: N and C: P). Conversely, species closer to the S-strategy end (e.g., evergreen species) usually adopted a resource conservative strategy with trait combinations contrary to those of C-strategy species. Overall, this study corroborated the applicability of the CSR strategy at a local scale and provides insights into the varied trait combinations and ecological strategies employed by plant species to adapt to their environment. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in biodiversity maintenance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tree diversity drives understory carbon storage rather than overstory carbon storage across forest types","authors":"Saif Ullah, Jianping Wu, Jawad Ali Shah, Xuemei Wang, Yueming Lyu, Zhiwen Guo, Kashif Ali, Deyun Chen, Han Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11676-024-01776-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-024-01776-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although numerous studies have proposed explanations for the specific and relative effects of stand structure, plant diversity, and environmental conditions on carbon (C) storage in forest ecosystems, understanding how these factors collectively affect C storage in different community layers (trees, shrubs, and herbs) and forest types (mixed, broad-leaved (E), broad-leaved (M), and coniferous forest) continues to pose challenges. To address this, we used structural equation models to quantify the influence of biotic factors (mean DBH, mean height, maximum height, stem density, and basal area) and abiotic factors (elevation and canopy openness), as well as metrics of species diversity (Shannon–Wiener index, Simpson index, and Pielou’s evenness) in various forest types. Our analysis revealed the critical roles of forest types and elevation in explaining a substantial portion of variability in C storage in the overstory layer, with a moderate influence of stand factors (mean DBH and basal area) and a slightly negative impact of tree species diversity (Shannon–Wiener index). Notably, forest height emerged as the primary predictor of C storage in the herb layer. Regression relationships further highlighted the significant contribution of tree species diversity to mean height, understory C storage, and branch biomass within the forest ecosystem. Our insights into tree species diversity, derived from structural equation modeling of C storage in the overstory, suggest that the effects of tree species diversity may be influenced by stem biomass in statistical reasoning within temperate forests. Further research should also integrate tree species diversity with tree components biomass, forest mean height, understory C, and canopy openness to understand complex relationships and maintain healthy and sustainable ecosystems in the face of global climate challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":15830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forestry Research","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}