Journal of Food Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"A Diterpene, Ent-9α,11α-dihydroxy-15-oxo-kaur-16-En-19-oic Acid From the Herbal Plant Adenostemma lavenia, Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells","authors":"Kun-Chang Wu,&nbsp;Li-Yuan Bai,&nbsp;Po-Chen Chu,&nbsp;Jing-Lan Hu,&nbsp;Jing-Ru Weng","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/7412362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/7412362","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in Taiwan. Natural products have long served as a valuable source of chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study, we investigated the antitumor effects of DOK, a diterpene derived from <i>Adenostemma lavenia</i>, a plant traditionally used an herbal tea, in OSCC cells. DOK markedly suppressed cell growth in SCC2095 and SCC4 cells, with IC₅₀ values of 4.0 and 3.4 μM, respectively, after 48 h of treatment, while exhibiting substantially lower cytotoxicity in human oral fibroblasts. Flow cytometric analysis and immunoblotting revealed that DOK activates caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling in OSCC cells. In addition, DOK was associated with alterations in Akt/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways. Autophagy-related responses following DOK treatment were evidenced by the accumulation of autophagosome-like structures in SCC2095 cells, as observed by confocal microscopy and acridine orange staining, together with increased expression of LC3B-II and p62. Pharmacological inhibition of autophagy using chloroquine (CQ) enhanced DOK-induced cytotoxicity, supporting the involvement of autophagy-related responses and an association between DOK treatment and altered autophagic flux. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the multifaceted anticancer activities of DOK and highlight the therapeutic potential of <i>A. lavenia</i>–derived compounds for OSCC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/7412362","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Composition and Intestinal Protective Effects of Essential Oil From Chimonanthus grammatus by Suppressing the ROS/Ca2+-Mediated Mitochondrial Pathway","authors":"Hao-Ren Zhong,&nbsp;Yu-Xin Lu,&nbsp;Hong-Mei Zhou,&nbsp;Xun-Jiao Hu,&nbsp;Wen-Juan Li,&nbsp;Sheng-Bin Chen,&nbsp;Song-Yu Yang,&nbsp;Hua-Yu Yang,&nbsp;Yu-Fei Yao","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/5550240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/5550240","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, 21 compounds in <i>Chimonanthus grammatus</i> essential oil (named CGO) were identified by GC-MS. Subsequently, CGO was demonstrated to possess antioxidant activities, as evidenced by DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, and ABTS radical scavenging assays. Further intestinal cell data showed that CGO pre- and postconditioning protected intestinal epithelial cells against H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage by promoting cell proliferation. Meanwhile, we found that CGO preconditioning triggered better cell protection against oxidative damage than CGO postconditioning. Mechanistically, pretreatment with CGO significantly suppressed apoptosis compared to H₂O₂ alone in cells. Furthermore, in the treatment of cells with H₂O₂ alone, the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential was observed, which was significantly blocked by CGO pretreatment. CGO-induced mitochondrial protection appeared in parallel with the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and Ca²⁺ accumulation. Together, these results suggested that CGO exerted intestinal protective effects associated with the inhibition of apoptosis by suppressing ROS/Ca²⁺-linked mitochondrial changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/5550240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chicory Inulin Improves Insulin Resistance in C2C12 Myotubes: Potential Involvement of SNX27 and PI3K/AKT Signaling","authors":"Chong Ning,&nbsp;Huiyu Li,&nbsp;Wei Bu,&nbsp;Fengqing Hu,&nbsp;Guanlong Huang,&nbsp;Huaitao Wang,&nbsp;Zhihao Liu,&nbsp;Shiying Huang,&nbsp;Xiaodong Tan","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/7094300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/7094300","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Skeletal muscle insulin resistance is a key feature of Type 2 diabetes and is closely related to impaired glucose uptake. Inulin-type fructans are commonly used as dietary fibers, but their direct effects on insulin-responsive cells are not well defined. In the present study, the effect of chicory inulin on palmitate-induced insulin resistance was examined in C2C12 myotubes. Chicory inulin was characterized before use. Palmitate treatment reduced glucose uptake and disrupted insulin signaling in C2C12 myotubes. Treatment with chicory inulin increased glucose uptake and promoted GLUT4 translocation. Inhibitory phosphorylation of IRS-1 was also reduced. In addition, mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels were improved, while the production of inflammatory cytokines was decreased. The expression of SNX27 was increased in cells treated with chicory inulin. Overexpression of SNX27 showed similar effects on glucose uptake and insulin signaling. Silencing of SNX27 weakened these effects. Changes in PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling were observed under the same conditions. Taken together, CI exposure was associated with improved insulin-resistance-related cellular responses in PA-treated C2C12 myotubes. These effects may involve SNX27-associated processes. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory cellular-level evidence obtained under controlled in vitro conditions, rather than as direct evidence that intact dietary inulin reaches skeletal muscle or produces the same effects in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/7094300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Basmati: Metabolomic Profiling of Kalanamak GI Rice for Valorizing Traditional Aroma and Health-Promoting Bioactivities","authors":"Richa Bora,&nbsp;Anjali Chauhan,&nbsp;Gautam Vishwakarma,&nbsp;Vikash Kumar,&nbsp;Saurabh Dixit,&nbsp;Vindeswari Prasad,&nbsp;Deepak Sharma,&nbsp;Bikram K. Das","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/6588161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/6588161","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Kalanamak is a GI-tagged nonbasmati aromatic rice landrace from Uttar Pradesh’s Himalayan Terai region and is renowned for its unique aroma and superior cooking properties and nutritional values like high zinc/iron contents. The grains of the landrace, therefore, fetch a premium price worldwide and domestically. Regardless, this indigenous rice is facing declining cultivation and quality deterioration. Among other factors, lack of emphasis on the characterization of its attributes and its variations with the growing conditions, through systemic research, is significantly responsible. Brown rice methanolic extracts displayed strong antioxidant activity (ABTS IC50: 0.24 mg/mL KN1, 0.22 mg/mL KN2; DPPH IC50: 0.44 mg/mL KN1, 0.36 mg/mL KN2). This study employed untargeted UHPLC–MS/MS metabolomics of brown rice of two samples of indigenous Kalanamak germplasm (KN1 and KN2) grown at two different blocks of Siddharthnagar District, identifying 262 metabolites in KN1 and 298 in KN2, with 325 shared compounds primarily amino acids (27–30), terpenes (5–7), flavonoids, phenolic acids, and amines. Key aroma volatiles including 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid, [6]-gingerol, coumarin, eugenol, and sabinene were identified as major components. These compounds are associated with four major metabolic and biosynthetic pathway, viz., phenylpropanoid biosynthesis; valine, isoleucine,leucine biosynthesis; serine, glycine,threonine metabolism; and alpha-linolenic acid biochemical pathways. These findings establish a comprehensive metabolomic profile for valorizing Kalanamak in breeding programs for nutrient-dense, aromatic rice varieties to support sustainable agriculture and food security.</p>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/6588161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Spirostanol-Type Saponins From Allium Macrostemonis Bulbus Alleviate Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress–Induced Depression-Like Behavior in Mice”","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/9783875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/9783875","url":null,"abstract":"<p>W. Ding, Y. Sun, J. Wu, et al., “Spirostanol-Type Saponins From Allium Macrostemonis Bulbus Alleviate Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress–Induced Depression-Like Behavior in Mice,” <i>Journal of Food Biochemistry</i> 2025 (2025): 8113079, https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/8113079.</p><p>The correct author list and affiliations should read:</p><p>Weixing Ding,^1,2 Yu Sun,³ Jianfa Wu,¹ Hongyan Li,¹ Zengfa Wang,¹ Wei Li,^1,4 Leiling Shi,³ Jing Zhang,^1,4 and Lulu Wang²</p><p>¹College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China</p><p>²School of Medicine, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Changchun 130600, China</p><p>³Xinjiang Institute of Chinese and Ethnic Medicine, Urumqi 830002, China</p><p>⁴Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Changchun 130118, China</p><p>We apologize for these errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/9783875","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Mung Bean Coat–Enriched Coffee for Potential Diabetes Management: Enzyme Inhibition and Impact on Postprandial Glycemia and Insulinaemia in Healthy Individuals","authors":"Wassana Pookate,&nbsp;Dunyaporn Trachootham,&nbsp;Uthaiwan Suttisansanee,&nbsp;Justice Amakye Essiedu,&nbsp;Chalat Santivarangkna","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/7801611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/7801611","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the in vitro α-glucosidase (α-GLU) and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibition by mung bean fractions and red kidney bean (RKB) and tested the effect of a mung bean coat (MBC)–enriched coffee blend on postprandial glucose and insulin responses in healthy individuals. The mung bean fraction, particularly its seed coat, showed significantly higher inhibition of α-GLU (74.20%) and DPP-IV (55.42%) than all tested RKB samples. Blends of MBC-enriched coffee were formulated by combining roasted MBC with coffee powder at different ratios. The 75:25 blend exhibited the highest enzyme inhibition (27.10% α-GLU and 68.93% DPP-IV inhibition). A 50:50 blend was selected for clinical testing based on its sensory appeal. In the randomized crossover in vivo trial, MBC-enriched coffee significantly reduced postprandial glucose levels by 6.5 and 5.5 mg/dL at 15 and 30 min and insulin levels by 30.78, 29.36, and 25.92 µIU/mL at 15, 30, and 60 min, respectively, compared to control coffee. These findings suggest that MBC could be an ingredient for managing blood glucose levels in functional products.</p>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/7801611","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “The effect of dietary curcumin on hepatic chymase activity and serum fetuin-A levels in rats fed on a high-fat diet”","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/9814752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/9814752","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Y. Öner-İyidoğan, M. Seyithanoğlu, S. Tanrıkulu-Küçük, H. Koçak, Ş. Beyhan-Özdaş, and N. Koçak-Toker, “The effect of dietary curcumin on hepatic chymase activity and serum fetuin-A levels in rats fed on a high-fat diet,” <i>Journal of Food Biochemistry</i>, vol. 2017 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.12347.</p><p>In the article titled “The effect of dietary curcumin on hepatic chymase activity and serum fetuin-A levels in rats fed on a high-fat diet,” there were multiple errors related to the incorrect description of the experimental diets. These errors are summarized and corrected below:</p><p><b>Error in the Abstract:</b></p><p>“Male Sprague-Dawley rats received HFD (60% of total calories from fat) and 1 g curcumin/kg HFD for 16 weeks”</p><p>should read</p><p>“Male Sprague-Dawley rats received experimental diets containing 60% and 10% of total calories from fat and 1 g curcumin/kg HFD for 16 weeks.”</p><p><b>Error in the “Materials and Methods” section:</b></p><p>“Group 1: The HFD group was fed with a high-fat diet (60% of total calories from sheep fat, 3.9 kcal/g diet, MBD, Istanbul, Turkey)”</p><p>should read</p><p>“Group 1: The HFD group was fed with Harlan Laboratories experimental diets containing 60% and 10% of total calories from fat (TD.06414 and TD.06416, respectively, Harlan Laboratories, Madison, USA).”</p><p>We apologise for these errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/9814752","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating the Antiulcerative Colitis Effects of Cardamonin via Amelioration of Colonic Motility Disorders: A Mechanistic Perspective","authors":"Wei Zheng,&nbsp;Lei Yin,&nbsp;Jiaqi Li,&nbsp;Bing Kong,&nbsp;Lu Liu,&nbsp;Wei Liu,&nbsp;Nan Xu","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/5556434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/5556434","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Ulcerative colitis (UC), an inflammatory bowel disease, presents a challenge due to the limited treatment options available. Increasing studies have indicated that colonic motor dysfunction is an effective strategy to mitigate the symptoms of UC. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of cardamonin (CAD) on acetic acid (AA)–induced UC in rats and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms in modulating colonic motility.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A rat UC model was applied through rectal administration of AA. The therapeutic effects of CAD were evaluated using the disease activity index, colon weight/length ratio, and histopathological (Riley) scores. Colonic motility was assessed by measuring fecal water content and transit velocity. Antioxidant capacity was determined by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to analyze the gene expression of the acetylcholine (ACh)/nitric oxide (NO) interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC)-anoctamin 1 (ANO1) pathways, which critically modulates colonic motility. Additionally, in vitro organ bath experiments quantified smooth muscle responses to neurotransmission modulators.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;CAD effectively inhibited AA-induced UC in rats, as evidenced by the alleviation of the DAI score, ulcer index, macroscopical score, colon weight/length ratio, and Riley score, as well as reduced MDA levels and increased SOD activity in colon tissue. High-dose (120 mg/kg) and low-dose (60 mg/kg) CAD both exhibited significant interventional effects on UC rat models, and high-dose CAD produced a better interventional effect compared with low-dose CAD. Additionally, the AA-induced UC model demonstrated upregulated mRNA expression of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and anoctamin 1 (ANO1) and downregulated mRNA expressions of c-kit and nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) in colonic tissue. Notably, pretreatment with CAD reversed these AA-induced alterations. Furthermore, the contractions of longitudinal smooth muscle induced by various substances that regulate neurotransmission-related contractions, including the ACh agonist carbachol, the ANO1 channel blocker 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid, and the NO inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, were inhibited by CAD.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We showed for the first time the upregulation of the ACh–ICC–ANO1 pathway and the downregulation of the NO–ICC–ANO1 pathways in the AA-induced UC","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/5556434","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin, Kaempferol, and Rutin Attenuate Zearalenone-Induced Uterine Damage in Female Mice","authors":"Qing Yang,&nbsp;Sijia Jiang,&nbsp;Yundi Zhu,&nbsp;Weifeng Zhu,&nbsp;Jungang Kang,&nbsp;Guojun Jiang","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/5415181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/5415181","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of three natural flavonoids—quercetin, kaempferol, and rutin—on zearalenone (ZEA)–induced uterine injury in female mice, which represent a primary target model for estrogenic toxicity. Reproductive toxicity was induced in female mice by administering 20 mg/kg ZEA via gavage, and quercetin, kaempferol, and rutin were concurrently administered individually as protective interventions. The results demonstrated that ZEA induced body weight loss, uterine tissue damage, reproductive hormone dysregulation, oxidative damage to the uterus, and inflammation in mice. Quercetin, kaempferol, and rutin resulted in increased levels of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01); reduced levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01); increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC); increased Nrf2 and HO-1 mRNA expression; decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and other inflammatory factors; and reduced NF-κB, COX-2, and iNOS mRNA expression in mouse uterine tissue. In conclusion, quercetin, kaempferol, and rutin conferred varying degrees of protection against ZEA-induced uterine injury, with quercetin exerting the most pronounced effect. These effects were associated with the modulation of Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways, thereby contributing to uterine protection. Key limitations include the concurrent-exposure design and the absence of flavonoid-only control groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/5415181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Shade and Sun Drying of Grape Pomace: Mathematical Modeling, Biochemical Characterization, and LC–Orbitrap–MS Profiling of Bioactive Compounds","authors":"Atul Khalangre,&nbsp;T. P. Ahammed Shabeer,&nbsp;Yogesh Kumar,&nbsp;Nasiruddin Shaikh,&nbsp;Ajay Kumar Sharma,&nbsp;Anis Mirza","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/5581523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/5581523","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Grape pomace, a nutrient-rich by-product of winemaking, is highly perishable due to its high moisture content. This study aimed to evaluate the drying behavior of grape pomace under sun and shade drying, identify the best-fitting drying models, and assess the impact on key bioactive compounds. Sun drying required 68 h, while shade drying required 168 h for drying of grape pomace. The drying rate declined over time in both methods. Among seven mathematical models tested, the approximation of diffusion model best described shade drying (<i>R</i>² = 0.9915; RMSE = 0.0566; <i>χ</i>² = 0.0145), while the Midilli et al. model showed best fit for sun drying (<i>R</i>² = 0.9987; RMSE = 0.0250; <i>χ</i>² = 0.0029). Biochemical analysis revealed significant degradation postdrying: total phenolics declined from 83.15 ± 0.75 mg GAE/100 g (fresh) to 27.04 ± 1.01 mg (shade) and 21.09 ± 0.43 mg (sun); antioxidant activity dropped from 87.2 ± 0.06% to 34.07 ± 0.04% (shade) and 23.52 ± 0.02% (sun). LC–HRMS profiling identified flavan-3-ols, hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols, flavones, and anthocyanins across all samples. Total relative concentration decreased from 27,432.61 ± 225 mg/kg (fresh) to 18,952.19 ± 779 mg/kg (shade) and 13,543 ± 599 mg/kg (sun), indicating substantial degradation, with better retention under shade drying. Overall, sun drying is time-efficient, while shade drying better preserves the bioactive integrity of grape pomace. The findings provide critical insights to inform the strategic selection of drying methods, tailored to specific end-use objectives-whether prioritizing process efficiency or the preservation and recovery of functional bioactive compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/5581523","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148462767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}